Injury Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Age-related mortality risk in cycling trauma: analysis of the National Trauma Databank 2017-2023.","authors":"Marta A W Rowh, Taylor A Giller, John N Bliton, Randi N Smith, Tim P Moran","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00558-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00558-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cycling promotes health but carries significant injury risks, especially for older adults. In the U.S., cycling fatalities have increased since 1990, with adults over 50 now at the highest risk. As the population ages, the burden of cycling-related trauma is expected to grow, yet age-specific factors associated with mortality risk remain unclear. This study identifies age-specific mortality risk thresholds to inform targeted public health strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) data (2017-2023) on non-motorized cycling injuries. A total of 185,960 records were analyzed using logistic regression with splines to evaluate the relationship between age and mortality risk. The dataset was split into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets. Age thresholds where mortality risk changed were identified, and models were adjusted for injury severity, comorbidities, and helmet use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median patient age was 43 years (IQR 20-58). Four key age thresholds (12, 17, 31, and 69) were identified, with the largest mortality increase after age 69. Our model achieved an AUC of 0.93, surpassing traditional age cutoff models, with 84.6% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age is a significant predictor of mortality in cycling trauma, with marked increases in risk during adolescence and for adults over 69. These findings underscore the need for age-targeted interventions, such as improved cycling infrastructure for teens and enhanced safety measures for older adults. Public health initiatives should prioritize these vulnerable age groups to reduce cycling-related mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143042305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing national data systems to understand circumstances surrounding veteran suicide: linking Department of Veterans Affairs and National Violent Death Reporting System Data.","authors":"Claire A Hoffmire, Alexandra L Schneider, Laurel A Gaeddert, Joseph Logan, Julie A Kittel, Ryan Holliday, Lindsey L Monteith","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00559-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00559-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Veterans are at elevated risk for suicide compared to non-Veteran U.S. adults. Data sources and analyses to inform prevention efforts, especially for those who do not use Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare services, are needed. This study aimed to link VA and CDC's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data to create a novel data source to characterize the circumstances precipitating and preceding suicide among Veterans, including among those who did not use VA healthcare.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multi-variable, multi-stage, deterministic linkage of VA-Department of Defense (DoD) Mortality Data Repository (MDR) and NVDRS-Restricted Access Database suicide and undetermined intent mortality records within 189 state-year strata (42 states, 2012-2018). Three linkage stages: (1) exact (matched on: age, sex, death date, underlying cause of death, day of month of birth, first initial of last name); (2) probable (all but one variable matched); (3) possible (all but 2 variables matched). Linkage success and accuracy of NVDRS-documented military history were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all state-years, 22,019 matches (89.20% of 24,685 MDR Veteran records) were identified (65.47% exact). When high missingness (2 + matching variables in > 10% of records; n = 23) or incomplete reporting (n = 12) state-years were excluded, match rate increased to 94.29% (77.15% exact). NVDRS-documented military history (ever served) was accurate for 87.79% of matched records, with an overall sensitivity of 84.62%. Sensitivity was lower for female (61.01%) and younger (17-39 years; 77.51%) Veterans.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accurate linkage of VA-DoD and NVDRS data is feasible and offers potential to improve understanding of circumstances surrounding suicide among Veterans.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748357/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"You wished the ground would open and swallow you up\": Expert opinions on shame, the collective, and other cultural considerations for suicide prevention among Asian American and Pacific Islander veterans.","authors":"Evan R Polzer, Carly M Rohs, Christe'An D Iglesias, Joseph Mignogna, Lauren S Krishnamurti, Ryan Holliday, Lindsey L Monteith","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00560-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00560-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rates of suicide remain elevated among U.S. Veterans and have increased disproportionately among Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) Veterans. Knowledge is limited regarding suicide prevention considerations for clinicians working with AAPI Veterans, yet culturally responsive strategies tend to be most effective. To address this gap, we sought to elucidate subject matter experts' perspectives regarding suicide prevention considerations for AAPI Veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 key informants (e.g., clinicians, researchers) in 2023 to understand their experiences with, and recommendations for, preventing suicide among AAPI Veterans in the Continental U.S. Interview transcripts were analyzed through thematic analysis, with an inductive approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key informants discussed the heterogeneity of the AAPI population and emphasized the need to balance cultural sensitivity and cultural humility in suicide prevention with AAPI Veterans. Fear of bringing shame and dishonor upon one's family was described as a factor which may prevent AAPI Veterans from disclosing mental health concerns and suicide risk and which may prevent them from accessing healthcare services for mental health and suicidality. Suicide risk among AAPI Veterans was viewed as being shaped by shame and the centrality of the family-collective, with family conferring both protection against and risk for suicide. Cultural norms and beliefs regarding suicide were considered pertinent to suicide among AAPI Veterans and included beliefs about perseverance in coping with distress to permittance of suicide in specific circumstances. Somatic idioms were described as a means by which AAPI Veterans may communicate distress and suicidality, with key informants discussing how this may impact treatment and outreach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Key informant interviews provided crucial insights into cultural factors salient to conceptualizing and addressing AAPI Veterans' risk for suicide. These findings can be utilized to inform tailored suicide prevention for this population, with emphasis on addressing mental health stigma, considering somatic idioms of distress, and considering the role of family in suicide risk and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in views of democracy and society and support for political violence in the USA, 2022-2024: findings from a nationally representative survey.","authors":"Garen J Wintemute, Andrew Crawford, Elizabeth A Tomsich, Veronica A Pear","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00550-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00550-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2022, a nationally representative longitudinal survey in the USA found concerningly high prevalences of support for and personal willingness to engage in political violence, but those prevalences decreased in 2023. This study examines changes in those prevalences from 2023 to 2024, an election year in the USA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were members of Ipsos KnowledgePanel. Wave 3 of the survey was conducted May 23-June 14, 2024; invitations to participate were sent to all respondents to prior waves who remained in KnowledgePanel. Outcome measures concern justification for the use of violence to advance any of 17 specified political objectives, personal willingness to engage in political violence at 4 levels of severity and against 9 target populations, and expectation of firearm use in political violence. Outcomes are expressed as weighted proportions. Year-to-year change is based on the means of aggregated individual change scores, which have a potential range from 0 (no change) to ± 2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2024 completion rates were 88.4% (8896 respondents/10,064 invitees) overall, 91.6% (8185 respondents/8932 invitees) for invitees in 2024 who had responded in 2023, and 62.8% (711 respondents/1132 invitees) for invitees in 2024 who had responded in 2022 but not in 2023. After weighting, 50.9% (95% confidence interval (CI) 49.5%, 52.3%) were female; weighted mean (SD) age was 48.5 (24.9) years. From 2023 to 2024, the prevalence of the view that violence was usually or always justified to advance at least 1 political objective did not change (2024: 26.2%, 95% CI 25.0%, 27.5%; 2023: 25.3%, 95% CI 24.1%, 26.5%). There were no changes from 2023 to 2024 in willingness to damage property, threaten a person, injure a person, or kill a person in an act of political violence, and no changes in expectations of firearm use in situations where respondents considered political violence justifiable. Changes on other measures were infrequent (17 of 58 comparisons in the main analysis) and small where they occurred (with 2 exceptions, change < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to expectation, support for and willingness to participate in political violence in this cohort showed little to no change from 2023 to 2024, an election year in the USA. These findings can help guide prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of driver licensing renewal policies on older driver crash involvement and injury rates in 13 states, 2000-2019.","authors":"Cara J Hamann, Jonathan A Davis, Gilsu Pae, Motao Zhu, Gregory H Shill, Brian Tefft, Joseph E Cavanaugh","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00555-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00555-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Motor vehicle crashes are the second leading cause of injury death among adults aged 65 and older in the U.S., second only to falls. A common state-level approach to mitigating older adult crash risk is the implementation of driver license renewal policies which vary largely between states and data on their effectiveness in preventing crashes and injuries are limited. To fill this gap, the aim of this study is to examine the association between state driver license renewal policies and older driver crash and injury rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Historical crash data, license renewal policy data, and other relevant policy and demographic data were gathered from 13 U.S. states (CO, IL, IA, KS, MN, MO, NE, ND, OH, SD, UT, WI, WY) for years 2000 through 2019, inclusive. Main exposures included six license renewal policies: renewal period, in-person renewal frequency, vision testing, knowledge testing, on-road drive testing, and mandatory physician reporting. The primary outcomes were crash and injury rates per 100,000 population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 19,010,179 crash-involved drivers aged 40 and older. State policies became less restrictive in many states over the study period, even for drivers aged 75 and older, resulting in longer times between renewals and fewer in-person renewal requirements. Loosening of in-person renewal from every time to less than every time was associated with increased crash rates, among drivers aged 65 to 74 (RR_crash = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.16). A longer duration between in-person renewals was associated with increased injury rates among drivers 75 and older (RR_injury = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00-1.39).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Generally, state policies became less restrictive and resulted in longer required intervals between license renewal. Loosening of driver license renewal policies was associated with increased crash and injury rates. However, safety benefits of restrictive older driver licensing policies should be carefully weighed against costs to older adult well-being and quality of life following licensure loss. Additional methods to assess fitness to drive are necessary to identify the mechanisms behind the increased rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of e-scooter and bicycle injuries at a university hospital in a large German city - a one-year analysis.","authors":"Frederik Hartz, Philipp Zehnder, Tobias Resch, Gregor Römmermann, Victoria Hartmann, Markus Schwarz, Chlodwig Kirchhoff, Peter Biberthaler, Michael Zyskowski","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00554-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00554-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing adoption of individual urban mobility in European cities is contributing to a rise in the number of bicycle and e-scooter users. Consequently, a corresponding increase in accidents, along with an additional burden on emergency departments, is anticipated, particularly in metropolitan areas. The objective of this prospective cross-sectional study was to gather detailed information regarding the patient demographics, accident mechanisms, and injury patterns of e-scooter riders in comparison to cyclists. Identifying any differences between these groups will provide a foundation for developing targeted prevention strategies and safety measures aimed at reducing the incidence of accidents and injuries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All patients who presented to the emergency department of our level I university trauma center after an accident involving a traditional bicycle without electric assistance or an e-scooter in 2022 were recorded. Demographic data as well as information regarding the trauma mechanism, injury pattern, alcohol influence, treatment requirements and helmet use were analyzed and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2022, a total of 626 patients were identified after a bicycle accident and 98 patients after an e-scooter accident. E-scooter riders were with a mean age of 31.0 years (standard deviation (SD) 10.7) significantly younger compared to bicycle riders at 43.2 years (SD 16.5; p < 0.001). More than half of the patients in both groups were male (e-scooter 69.4% versus bicycle 60.7%). E-scooter riders were more likely to be intoxicated (31.6% vs. 5.4%; p < 0.001), not wearing a helmet (93.9% vs. 78.4%; p < 0.001) and to have had accidents at nighttime (39.8% vs. 11.5%; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the distribution of minor (e-scooter 75.2% vs. bicycle 70.3%) and major (24.8% vs. 29.7%) injuries. In terms of body regions, e-scooter riders suffered from major injuries to the skull, facial cranium, cervical spine (43.8% e-scooter vs. 22.4% bicycle; p = 0.008) and less frequently to the trunk, thoracic and lumbar spine and pelvis (0.0% vs. 13.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to cyclists, injured e-scooter riders are younger, mostly do not wear a helmet and more often ride under the influence of alcohol. E-scooter accidents occur more frequently at night and the riders are more likely to suffer serious head injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding co-production of injury research in Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities: a comprehensive scoping review.","authors":"Genevieve Westacott, Victoria McCreanor, Susanna Cramb, Silvia Manzanero, Kim Vuong, Michelle Allen, Shannon Dias, Geoffrey Binge, Arpita Das","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00556-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00556-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Injury causes significant burden on Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. However, a considerable portion of the research conducted in this area has been carried out by Western researchers. It has been acknowledged that historical research methodologies and discourses around Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research may not be suitable or beneficial. Co-production methodologies offer opportunities for research to be developed collaboratively ensuring meaningfulness of results and appropriate protection for participants. A scoping review was undertaken to investigate the use of co-production methodologies in research within the unintentional injuries space for Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities over time.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, ProQuest, Embase and Indigenous Health Infonet databases. Study characteristics, remoteness, injury topic, co-production methods and elements were extracted from eligible studies. The search revealed 4175 papers, from which 39 studies were included in this scoping review. It was found that 69% of studies were fully co-produced with community. Studies predominately focused on general injury, falls prevention or brain injury rehabilitation. The most heavily utilised co-production strategy was the inclusion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander researchers into the writing and research team. This helped the collection of culturally safe data and appropriate interpretation of results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is growing diversity among co-production methodologies, better enabling meaningful engagement between community and research. This co-production helps decolonise the research process to privilege Aboriginal voices, however, more work is needed to appropriately capture Indigenous perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material hardship and secure firearm storage: findings from the 2022 behavioral risk factor Surveillance System.","authors":"Alexander Testa, Mike Henson-Garcia, Dylan B Jackson, Karyn Fu, Kyle T Ganson, Jason M Nagata","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00549-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00549-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firearm secure storage is an important public health practice due to its potential impact on reducing the incidence of accidental injuries, suicides, and thefts. Yet, there is limited research on how economic conditions might shape firearm storage patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study explores the relationship between material hardship and firearm secure storage among firearm-owning households. Data from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were analyzed, including responses from 7,197 firearm-owning adults in California, Minnesota, Nevada, and New Mexico. Multinomial logistic regression models assessed the relationship between levels of material hardship and storage practices, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among respondents, 14.3% reported firearms were stored, loaded and unlocked. Compared to respondents experiencing no hardships, those experiencing three or more material hardships incurred a 183% higher risk of storing firearms in an unsecured manner (Relative Risk Ratio = 2.828, 95% CI = 1.286, 6.220).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights an association between greater material hardship and unsecured firearm storage. These findings emphasize the need for public health interventions that address economic barriers to safe firearm storage, potentially reducing firearm-related injuries and deaths among individuals experiencing material hardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11656984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weapon use during the index offense: a study among forensic psychiatry patients in Ontario, Canada.","authors":"Mark Mohan Kaggwa, Arianna Davids, Parwiz Mohibi, Bailea Erb, John Bradford, Gary Andrew Chaimowitz, Andrew Toyin Olagunju","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00551-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00551-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the nature and circumstances around the use of weapons to perpetrate an offense among individuals with mental illness is crucial for evidence-informed policies and actions. However, little is known about the prevalence and factors associated with weapon use during index offenses among patients in the forensic system. Therefore, the present study was designed to address this gap and determine the prevalence and the patient and victim characteristics associated with weapon use during the index offense in a Canadian province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective exploratory study utilized data extracted from the Ontario Review Board reports of 2014/15. Data was analyzed using Stata, and logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with weapon use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately half (48.11%) of the individuals included in this analysis (n = 819) used weapons during their index offense as an instrument of violence. Both patient-related and victim-related factors had a statistically significant association with weapon use during index offenses. Specifically, two patient-related factors (including a history of hospitalization prior to the index offense and diagnosis of personality disorder) were associated with lower odds of weapon use during the index offense. However, only prior hospitalization remained statistically significant after adjusting for victims' factors. Victim-related factors were associated with both lower and higher odds of weapon use during the index offense. The highest odds of weapon use were found if the victim was an extended family member of the patient, followed by sibling, lover/partner/spouse, parent, and then adult acquaintance. The odds of weapon use during the index offense were lower if victims were healthcare workers, law enforcement professionals, and females when compared to adult strangers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the significant role of both patients' and victims' characteristics as important factors associated with weapon use during index offenses among forensic patients. Notably, prior hospitalization emerged as a crucial factor with a reduced likelihood of weapon use. Implicitly, this underscores the importance of risk mitigation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional limitations and firearm purchases among low-income U.S. military veterans.","authors":"Alexander Testa, Jack Tsai","doi":"10.1186/s40621-024-00553-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-024-00553-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Functional limitations may be associated with firearm ownership among veterans by amplifying perceptions of vulnerability and the need for security, yet their role remains underexplored despite emerging research on health-related factors influencing firearm acquisition in this group. This study examines the relationship between the number of functional limitations and recent firearm purchasing among a sample of low-income US military veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from the National Veteran Homeless and Other Poverty Experiences (NV-HOPE) study, which surveyed US veterans in households under 300% of the US federal poverty level. The survey was conducted in December 2022 and January 2023 (n = 1,008). Functional limitations were assessed based on self-reported assistance needed in daily tasks. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the association between functional limitations and firearm purchases in the past year, adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors. Analyses were conducted in Stata v. 18, and statistical significance was determined at the p < 0.05 threshold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5.5% of respondents reported purchasing a firearm in the past year. Increased functional limitations were positively associated with recent firearm purchases (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.26). Sensitivity using Firth Logit for rare events confirmed the robustness of this finding.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Veterans experiencing a greater number of functional limitations are more likely to report recently purchasing a firearm. These findings underscore the importance of addressing health needs among firearm-owning veterans through VA programs that support disabled veterans and their caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}