Injury Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Understanding the differences in occupational injuries due to accidents among native-born and immigrant workers in Sweden: a repeated cross-sectional register-based study.","authors":"Devy L Elling, Theo Bodin, Helena Honkaniemi, Bertina Kreshpaj, Letitia Davis, Alicia Nevriana, David H Wegman, Eskil Wadensjö, Katarina Kjellberg, Nina Bilal, Emelie Thern","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00616-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00616-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immigrants continue to face challenges after entering the labor market and remain overrepresented in '3-D jobs' (dirty, difficult, degrading). This study aims to investigate the differences in occupational injury due to accidents (OIA) among immigrants compared to native-born workers in Sweden, and to examine the role of migrant-specific and work factors in these differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This repeated cross-sectional study used nationwide registers including all gainfully employed individuals in 2004-2020 (average annual sample 4.5 million individuals). OIA was treated as a binary outcome and migrant status was categorized based on region of birth and reason for immigration. OIA odds were estimated using pooled logistic regression analyses, where the crude model was adjusted for sociodemographic factors, time since immigration, and work factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First-generation immigrants (odds ratios [OR] 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.40, 1.42) and second-generation immigrants (OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.09, 1.11) had higher odds of OIA than native-born workers. Among the first-generation immigrants, the strength of the association varied depending on region of birth and reason for immigration. Immigrating to Sweden for work reasons was associated with lower odds of OIA among first-generation immigrants (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.61, 0.64). The elevated odds of OIA among immigrants relative to native-born workers remained after adjusting for important covariates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The differences in OIA underscore the disparities among native-born and immigrant workers in Sweden. The current findings highlight the importance of addressing these issues to ensure a safe work environment for all.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Team Korea injury and illness surveillance at the 2024 Paris Olympic Games.","authors":"Junghyun Bae, Sukil Kim, Seungrim Yi, Jungjin Yu, Hyunchul Kim, Seungsoo Woo, Hyoungjoo Choi, Seyong Kim","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00610-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00610-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to describe the injury and illness epidemiology in Team Korea athletes during 2024 Paris Summer Olympic Games. Incidence rates in pre-Olympic training camp and the Olympic Village were calculated and compared.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of Team Korea athletes who competed for 2024 Paris Summer Olympic Games were analyzed. This study was conducted in accordance with the International Olympic Committee Consensus Statement 2020. Incidence rates (case per 1000 athlete-days) were calculated and incidence rate ratios were used for comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Team Korea athletes (n = 122, 57 males and 65 females) were analyzed. A total of 43 injuries (pre-Olympic training camp, n = 6, 8.3 injuries per 1000 athlete-days; Olympic Village, n = 37, 22.9 injuries per 1000 athlete-days) and 53 illnesses (pre-Olympic training camp, n = 16, 22.1 illnesses per 1000 athlete-days; Olympic Village, n = 37, 22.9 illnesses per 1000 athlete-days) newly occurred. The Olympic Village had a greater risk of injury than the pre-Olympic training camp (incidence rate ratio = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.2 to 6.6, p-value = 0.016). However, there was no significant difference in the risk of illness (incidence rate ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.87, p-value = 0.900).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Team Korea athletes participating in the 2024 Paris Summer Olympic Games exhibited higher incidences of injury and illness than previous Olympic Games statistics. This single-delegation epidemiological research will contribute to our understanding of the true incidence of health problems in Olympians.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12406425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic circumstances, ethnicity, migration and unintentional early childhood injuries: an analysis of the UK millennium cohort study.","authors":"Laura Gallagher, Emma Curran, Michael Rosato, Gerard Leavey","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00603-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00603-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although health inequalities associated with ethnic disadvantage are of increasing concern to policymakers in the United Kingdom (UK), evidence on ethnicity and childhood unintentional injuries is unclear. Given that people from some minority ethnic communities face disproportionate disadvantage such as unemployment, poverty, and insecure and low-quality housing, children from these families might be expected to have higher risks of unintentional injuries compared to their White counterparts.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To determine whether the likelihood of unintentional childhood injuries vary among children from minority ethnic backgrounds and whether this variation can be explained by maternal migration status and variables relating to household composition, parenting attitudes and behaviours.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used logistic regression to analyse data from 12,717 children using sweeps two (2003-2004) and three (2005-2006) of the Millennium Cohort Study. Unintentional childhood injuries were measured in the third sweep of data collection when the children were aged five. Exposure variables included socioeconomic information, ethnicity, housing, household composition, maternal migration status and variables relating to parenting, values, and behaviours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children from some minority ethnic backgrounds (Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Black African, and 'other') were less likely to be injured than White children. Having a mother who was born outside the UK explained the relationship in Pakistani and Bangladeshi children. We observed differences in variables such as parenting style, values, household composition, and smoking and alcohol use among minority ethnic and migrant groups, but these variables did not statistically explain the differences in childhood injury.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children from minority ethnic families in the UK are less likely to sustain unintentional injuries compared to their White peers, with this protective effect primarily evident among children whose mothers were born outside the UK. While cultural and behavioural differences were observed between ethnic groups, these did not statistically explain the injury variation. The findings emphasise the importance of disaggregating ethnicity and migrant status in injury prevention research and investigating the mechanisms underlying lower injury rates among first-generation migrant families.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12403302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in firearm death among middle and high-school aged rural and urban adolescents from 2001 to 2022.","authors":"Elizabeth H Weybright, Heather F Terral, Kelsey M Conrick, Patrick M Carter, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00613-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00613-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Youth are at high risk for firearm-related injury and death. However, research combining children and adolescents into one homogeneous group ignores distinct developmental stages and associated risks. Addressing firearm mortality as a public health crisis requires strategies tailored to developmental stage, injury intent, setting, and cultural context. Given this, the purpose of the current study was to identify changes over time in injury mortality and specifically firearm-related mortality, among middle (11-13 year olds) and high school-aged (14-18 year olds) adolescents in metro and non-metro areas of the United States.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Crude death rate data were pulled from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System Fatal Injury Data from 2001 to 2022. Across all fatal injury causes among 11-18 year olds, firearms surpassed motor vehicle collisions as the leading cause of death in 2017. When looking specifically at fatal firearm injuries, rates of homicide were consistently higher than those of suicide and unintentional death, with a 79.3% increase from 2018 to 2022. In non-metro areas, suicide was the leading cause of death for the 11-13 year olds. Among the 14-18 year old group suicide remained the leading cause of death despite a 362.9% increase in homicide. In metro areas, homicides among 14-18 year olds surged 127.3% from a 2013 low and remained higher than rates of suicide.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest developmental differences influence risk and combining children and adolescents together obscures distinct trends within critical developmental stages. Prevention strategies should be informed by developmental stage and include violence and injury prevention efforts in all areas as well as developmentally and culturally appropriate suicide prevention approaches in rural areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary lethal means safety counseling design and implementation: training and identifying barriers in a children's hospital.","authors":"Cassandra L Stegall, Brendon Carnell, Jamie M Golden, Rupa Kapoor, John H Fanton, Paul C Mullan, Alexandra P Leader","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00599-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00599-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Access to lethal means contributes significantly to suicide completion. Lethal means safety counseling (LMSC) is an injury prevention strategy to limit access to firearms, medications, and other means of injury. Not previously evaluated in the trauma setting, this study aims to design and implement a standardized LMSC protocol for pediatric patient discharge education in emergency (ED), trauma, and inpatient psychiatry settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center quality improvement study at an academic pediatric urban tertiary Level-one trauma center was performed from July 2023 to February 2024. Protocol was implemented for pediatric patients discharged from three departments: ED, surgery trauma service, and psychiatry. Interventions included electronic medical record (EMR) based LMSC screening questions, training with Counseling on Access to Lethal Means (CALM) module, a de novo educational training video, and providing families free cable gun locks and medicine lock boxes. Healthcare collaborators completed pre- and post-training surveys. Data was recorded in Redcap and analyzed as descriptive and parametric data. Primary outcome was incorporation of LMSC and intervention into social worker's workflow. Secondary outcomes included project barriers and outcomes, familial impression of counseling, and healthcare provider impression of intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of forty-eight persons, 29 providers completed the pre-training survey and 17 completed the post-training survey. Results indicated increased discussions with caregivers about safe medicine storage comparing averages of pre and post-test results (mean difference 0.44, 95% CI 0.05-0.83, p = 0.029), but no differences in discussions about safe firearm storage (mean difference 0.50, 95% CI - 0.05-1.05, p = 0.07) or knives (mean difference 0.56, 95% CI 0.05-1.18 p = 0.07). Provider behavior changes occurred with increased clinical frequency of cable gun lock distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study describes implementing a standardized LMSC protocol in three pediatric hospital departments with self-reported provider improvements in LMSC. Barriers identified to protocol implementation are an opportunity to improve future preventative patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug overdose deaths in Kentucky, 2019-2024: are we back to Pre-COVID-19 levels?","authors":"Aaron P Smith, Juan Lang, Carmen Canedo, Patricia R Freeman, Lindsey R Hammerslag, Daniel R Harris, Amber Kizewski, Peter Rock, Nima M Seyedtalebi, Philip M Westgate, Jeffery Talbert, Sharon L Walsh, Svetla Slavova","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00608-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00608-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kentucky has historically experienced a high burden of drug overdose deaths. During the first years of the COVID-19 pandemic, the state saw a 45% increase in overdose deaths in 2020, followed by an additional 15% increase in 2021. However, drug overdose deaths declined in 2023 and 2024. This study used electronic death certificate records from the Kentucky Office of Vital Statistics (2019-2024) to evaluate whether Kentucky's 2024 drug overdose death rates have declined to pre-pandemic levels and if declines were observed across all demographic groups. The results from Poisson regressions are reported as rate ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The estimated 2024 crude drug overdose death rate (31.7/100,000) remained significantly higher than the 2019 rate (29.2/100,000; RR [CI] = 1.08 [1.01-1.17]; P = .035). Several demographic groups had sustained increases from 2019 to 2024: male (RR [CI] = 1.10 [1.00-1.21]), Black residents (RR [CI] = 1.56 [1.22-2.00]), residents aged 55-64 (RR [CI] = 1.41 [1.18-1.70]) and 65 or older (RR [CI] = 1.71 [1.25-2.33]), and residents of non-metropolitan counties (RR [CI] = 1.38 [1.22-1.57]). However, adults aged 25-34 experienced a significant decrease from 2019 to 2024 (RR [CI] = 0.77 [0.65-0.92]). The 2024 rate of fentanyl-involved overdose deaths was not statistically different from 2019 level [RR [CI] = 1.10 [1.00-1.22]; P = .051], but the psychostimulant-involved overdose death rate (RR [CI] = 1.45 [1.30-1.62]) was significantly higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The recent decline in drug overdose deaths is encouraging, but sustained increases in mortality rates among some demographic groups highlight the need for continued public health initiatives to prevent overdose deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12382091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The status of drowning prevention and control in the region of the Americas.","authors":"Alessandra F Senisse-Pajares, Caroline Lukaszyk, Ricardo Pérez-Núñez","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00601-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00601-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drowning is a major, yet preventable, public health issue causing an estimated 300,000 deaths globally in 2021. This study assessed the current state of drowning prevention efforts in the Americas, examining the presence of governance structures, policies, legislation and the implementation of key interventions to reduce drowning risks. Data were collected from 26 countries in the region through a World Health Organization-led initiative using a structured questionnaire and national consultations. Of the 26 countries studied, only two (8%) reported having a government-led national drowning prevention strategy, and 65% of countries collected information on drowning mortality data through civil registration systems. Despite a wider presence of disaster risk management programs and public awareness campaigns which address drowning risks, substantial gaps remain in interventions aimed at preventing child drowning, including swim skills and water safety training. These findings underscore the urgent need for standardized strategies, improved data systems, and stronger cross-sectoral collaboration to reduce drowning deaths in the Americas.eat.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Views of democracy and society and support for political violence in the USA: findings from a nationally representative survey.","authors":"Garen J Wintemute, Sonia L Robinson, Andrew Crawford, Daniel Tancredi, Julia P Schleimer, Elizabeth A Tomsich, Paul M Reeping, Aaron B Shev, Veronica A Pear","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00606-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00606-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of fatal and nonfatal community firearm violence in New York City, 2019-2023.","authors":"Loren L Adams, Vanya Jones, Daniel W Webster, Michael R Desjardins, Cassandra K Crifasi","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00590-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00590-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endemic levels of community firearm violence in United States cities disproportionately burden certain sociodemographic groups. Nonfatal injuries are an understudied aspect of firearm violence. Police data in a large and heterogenous place like New York City (NYC) provide the unique opportunity to use a single data source to measure fatal and nonfatal community firearm violence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed epidemiologic trends in fatal and nonfatal community firearm violence using the publicly available New York Police Department (NYPD) Shooting Incident Dataset from 2019 to 2023. The analyses tabulated shooting victims by sociodemographic variables (age group, race and ethnicity, and sex) and case fatality rates, mapped shootings by census tract, and described social determinants of health (SDOH)-poverty, educational attainment, unemployment-in the census tracts where shootings occurred.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2019 to 2023, the annual average number of shooting victims in NYC was 1,578. Shootings doubled from 2019 to 2020 though trended downward from 2021 to 2022 to 2023. Four out of five shootings were nonfatal. Males, people ages 18-24, and non-Hispanic Black people in NYC experienced the greatest proportion of shootings. Shootings coincided with census tracts also experiencing above median percentages of adverse SDOH (i.e., highest levels of unemployment, poverty, and low educational attainment).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Nonfatal injuries are an important component of community firearm violence to monitor. The findings identify inequities in community firearm violence by sex, age group, and race and ethnicity in NYC. One contributor to racial inequities in violence is the impact of place-based SDOH in certain NYC neighborhoods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study leverages NYPD data to estimate the full magnitude of violence by tracking nonfatal in addition to fatal injuries. The study emphasizes the need for researchers to go beyond individual demography and better understand the place-based social determinants of firearm violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12333219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Political affiliation moderates the link between gun violence exposure and firearm behaviors via perceptions of utility, safety, and threat.","authors":"Sultan Altikriti, Daniel C Semenza, Michael D Anestis","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00604-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00604-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gun violence exposure (GVE) is associated with a range of cognitive and behavioral outcomes. However, few studies have assessed how different forms of GVE relate to perceptions of safety, threat sensitivity, and views about the utility of firearms, and how these factors together influence firearm-related behavior. Moreover, studies have not explored whether these effects may differ by political orientation. This study examines how GVE is associated with perceptions of safety, threat sensitivity, and firearm utility, and how these perceptions relate to firearm carrying and storage practices across political groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for this study come from a subset of adults with firearm access (n = 3,042) drawn from a nationally representative sample of 8,010 U.S. adults. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to assess the relationships between GVE, threat sensitivity, perceptions about the utility of firearms, perceived neighborhood safety, and firearm-related outcomes. Multiple-group SEM assessed how political orientation affects those relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Liberals were more cognitively responsive to GVE (i.e., increased threat sensitivity and decreased neighborhood safety), while conservatives were more behaviorally responsive (i.e., increased carrying). Additionally, perceived utility of firearms was the most robust predictor of carrying and unsecure storage, consistently predicting firearm-related behavior in the general sample and within each group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GVE can occur through multiple means, direct and indirect, each with distinct effects on perceptions of safety, threat, and firearm utility, as well as on firearm-related behavior. The perceived utility of firearms seems to play a central role in the relationship between GVE and firearm-related behavior. Political affiliation influences how individuals interpret and respond to such exposure. Future research should investigate the reasons for group differences in response to GVE.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12330061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144800558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}