Injury Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Perceived neighborhood crime and gun carrying behavior: examining the role of a history of traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Eric J Connolly, Anne C Wingert, Dennis E Reidy, Jarrad D Hodge, Jeff R Temple","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00588-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00588-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals living in high crime neighborhoods are more likely to carry a firearm. Members of these communities are also more likely to experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in their lifetime, which is a common correlate of hypervigilance and aggression. The current study evaluates the independent and interactive effects of TBI on perceived levels of neighborhood crime and gun carrying.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 2015 to 2017 from a longitudinal ethnically diverse sample of adolescents and young adults are analyzed (Ns = 600-734). Multivariate logistic regression models are estimated to evaluate associations between perceived levels of neighborhood crime, TBI, gun carrying, and threatening another person with a gun.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceived neighborhood crime is associated with higher odds of carrying a gun (AOR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.03-1.12). Participants with a history of TBI due specifically to physical violence are twice as likely to report carrying (AOR = 2.94; 95% CI = 1.51-6.47), while participants with a history of TBI due to a nearby explosion are over seven times as likely (AOR = 7.38; 95% CI = 2.23-21.93). TBI due to a nearby explosion is associated with a six-fold increase in the odds of threatening another person with a gun (AOR = 6.60; 95% CI = 1.47-29.64).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TBI should be considered in gun violence prevention/intervention programming efforts. Information gleaned from the cause of TBI can help to tailor intervention strategies to individuals growing up in neighborhoods where they feel unsafe.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12175446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firearm safe storage practices among firearm owners in rural and urban households.","authors":"Yi-Fang Lu, Victor A Soupene","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00587-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00587-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safe firearm storage may reduce suicide and unintentional firearm injuries. However, little is known about safe storage practices in rural US populations. We aimed to examine the association between living in a rural US area and firearm storage practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 2021-2023 to compare firearm storage practices between rural and urban populations. The primary outcomes were whether firearms were stored loaded, and among loaded firearms, whether they were stored unlocked. Those living in a rural residence were compared to those living in an urban residence. Descriptive statistics for firearm storage practices were compared between living in rural or urban areas. Unadjusted and adjusted relative risks (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated using Poisson regression models with robust standard errors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One third of rural (34.71%) and urban (34.33%) firearm-owning households stored at least one firearm loaded. Of these households with loaded firearm(s), 58.55% of rural respondents stored their firearms unlocked compared to 50.66% of urban respondents. Compared to the urban sample, rural respondents were older adults (51.41% vs. 43.91% ≥ the age of 55), non-Hispanic White (83.12% vs. 72.45%), and were high school graduates or less (48.33% vs. 34.77%). While rural respondents were equally likely as urban respondents to store firearms loaded (ARR = 1.00, CI = [0.93-1.06]), they were more likely to store loaded firearms unlocked (ARR = 1.11, CI = [1.03-1.19]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Additional support for providing firearm storage options, such as firearm safety locks, may promote safer firearm storage practices in rural populations. Future research should explore culturally appropriate interventions tailored to the specific needs of individuals living in the rural US.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial estimates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt prevalence in the U.S. veteran population (2022).","authors":"Julie A Kittel, Lindsey L Monteith, Ryan Holliday, Theresa T Morano, Alexandra L Schneider, Lisa A Brenner, Claire A Hoffmire","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00584-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00584-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Veteran suicide remains a major public health concern; rates increased 64.3% from 2001 to 2022 and substantial geospatial variation exists, with state-level rates ranging from 15.4/100,000 (Maryland) to 87.1/100,000 (Montana). Surveillance of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) can provide insights to reduce suicide risk within communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A population-based, cross-sectional survey of 17,949 Veterans residing in all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Pacific Island (PI) Territories, was conducted in 2022 to assess SI and SA prevalence. Lifetime and post-military SI and SA and past-year SI prevalence were estimated by Census region, division, and state. Prevalence ratios were calculated for post-military SI and SA to assess differences by division, accounting for demographic covariates (i.e., age, race, gender, rurality, and time since military separation). Methods used in lifetime SA and considered in past-year SI were also examined by region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The West had the highest prevalence of lifetime (36.94%; 95%CI = 34.65-39.23) and post-military SI (28.73%; 95%CI = 26.51-30.96), significantly higher than all other regions except for PI Territories and Puerto Rico. PI Territories had the highest prevalence of past-year SI (15.68%; 95%CI = 10.91-20.44) and lifetime (9.86%; 95%CI = 6.36-13.37) and post-military SA (5.67%; 95%CI = 3.21-8.14). At the divisional level, the Pacific West (29.12%; 95%CI = 26.01-32.23) and West South Central (29.09%; 95%CI = 26.18-32.00) divisions had the highest prevalence of post-military SI, while West South Central had the highest prevalence of post-military SA (6.89%; 95%CI = 5.07-8.70), and the PI Territories remained highest for lifetime SA. After adjusting for covariates, numerous significant differences across divisions were observed. Differences in suicide methods considered and used were also observed across regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Variability in SI and SA prevalence among Veterans at state, divisional and regional levels supports the need for nuanced surveillance efforts, along with targeted prevention efforts in areas at greatest risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian methods for estimating injury rates in sport injury epidemiology.","authors":"Avinash Chandran, Ben Lambert","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00583-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00583-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The injury rate is a common measure of injury occurrence in epidemiological surveillance and is used to express the incidence of injuries as a function of both the population at risk as well as at-risk exposure time. Traditional approaches to surveillance-based injury rates use a frequentist perspective; here, we discuss the Bayesian perspective and present a practical framework on how to apply a Bayesian analysis to estimate injury rates. We estimated finescale injury rates across a broad range of categories for men's and women's soccer, applying a Bayesian methodology and using injury surveillance data captured within the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program from 2014/15-2018/19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through an iterative process of assessing model fidelity, we found that a negative binomial model was an effective choice for modeling surveillance-based injury rates. We also found differences between schools to be a key driver of variation in injury rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that the Bayesian framework naturally characterizes injury rates by modeling injury counts as outcomes of an underlying data-generation process that explicitly incorporates inherent uncertainty, complementing traditional frequentist approaches. Key benefits of the Bayesian approach in this context are the ability to test model suitability in a variety of methods, and to be able to generate plausible estimates with sparse data.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144250095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme risk protection order use in six US states: a descriptive study.","authors":"Leslie M Barnard, Marian E Betz, Shannon Frattaroli, Christopher E Knoepke, Annette Christy, Julia P Schleimer, Veronica A Pear, Megan McCarthy, Reena Kapoor, Michael A Norko, Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, Wenjuan Ma, Garen J Wintemute, Jeffrey W Swanson, Michele M Easter, April M Zeoli","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00585-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00585-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPOs) are civil court orders that temporarily prohibit firearm purchase and possession by someone (\"respondent\") at imminent risk of harming themselves or others. Despite ERPOs being currently available in 21 states, DC, and U.S. V.I., little is known about the circumstances under which they are used across states.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a standardized protocol, we abstracted ERPO petitions and associated court documents from 6 states to examine characteristics of respondents, documented risks of harm, and court outcomes. Included cases were filed through June 30, 2020, from 2013 (Connecticut) or from when the law went into effect (California: 2016; Colorado: 2020; Florida: 2018; Maryland: 2018; and Washington: 2016).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 6,634 ERPO petitions across included states. The median age of respondents was 40.0 years (SD: 16.4), and 10.8% were female. Almost half of petitions noted suicidal threats, plans, or ideation (43.9%) as the precipitating event, half noted interpersonal violence threats (50.8%), and one quarter (24.6%) noted threats to both self and others. Around one third (36.0%) noted unlawful or reckless firearm use. The majority of petitions (84.1%) indicated the respondent had current or recent access to a firearm. Most (77.5%) of the final orders (post-hearing) were granted. ERPO implementation varied across states, particularly with regard to how frequently they were used, for what type of threat, and by what type of petitioner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study examined ERPO law implementation in 6 states, highlighting differences and similarities. This comparison allows for a more nuanced understanding of variation in ERPO use, which can inform ERPO implementation and future studies of ERPOs' effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological analysis of athlete injuries in Muay Thai in-ring matches.","authors":"Hasan Hallaçeli, Serkan Davut, Ali Özbek, Erdoğan Aydın","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00569-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00569-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compared to other sports, combat sports are typically thought to be dangerous and more prone to injury. The injury rates sustained by Muay Thai combat athletes during practice, competition, and tournaments are presented as an overall rate in the literature. However, none of the earlier studies have focused on injuries during official championship matches. Head trauma (5-66%), epistaxis, laceration, contusion (2-28%), soft tissue of the extremities (9-77%), and other conditions have been linked to high rates of disability. In addition to its distinct qualities and growing appeal, Muay Thai is an Olympic Committee and a UNESCO-recognized sport. Our primary goal was to assess the patterns, frequency, and severity of in-ring injuries and collect data for the sports authorities and the literature. The second goal was to determine the relationship between the \"referee stop contest/RSC decision\" and injury incidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ringside doctor examined all healthy athletes twice before and after the match. The number of athletes assessed from a combat perspective, the overall number of contests, and the percentage of athletes who maintained their health during the competition were ascertained. Furthermore, following the announcement of the RSC decisions, medical diagnosis, first aid, and hospital referral status were disclosed along with the decision rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 663 athletes (445 males, and 218 women). A total of 606 athletes (91.4%) had no health issues following official bouts. It was observed that 24.58% of the contests were completed with the RSC decision. 68 athletes (10.25%) received medical treatment; 57 (8.60%) had their matches stopped by the RSC decision. The remaining 11 (1.65%) completed the competition without an RSC decision but requested a medical examination after the bout. According to our study, injuries related to the head and extremities were surprisingly low, at a rate of approximately 4%. Most of the patients required outpatient treatment. Epistaxis, concussion, rib trauma and extremity soft tissue strains were among the most frequent injury categories with percentages of 1.96%, 1.50%, 1.05%, and 1.05%, respectively. For the 17 individuals, the hospital emergency room attendance rate was 2.56%. An urgent operation was scheduled for one patient (0.15%) at the hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to published research, injury rates are comparatively low in Muay Thai in-ring official contests managed by doctors and referees. The data we obtained suggest that RSC decision may be useful in preventing athlete injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in reported occupational injuries due to accidents among native-born Swedes and immigrant workers in Sweden 2003-2020.","authors":"Emelie Thern, Alicia Nevriana, Letitia Davis, David H Wegman, Eskil Wadensjö, Katarina Kjellberg, Theo Bodin, Devy L Elling","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00581-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40621-025-00581-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although there is a growing dependence on the immigrant workforce in many countries, recent trend analyses on the work-related health of immigrants are scarce. Thus, this study aims to fill this gap by comparing reported occupational injuries due to accidents (OIA) trends among native-born Swedes with first-generation immigrants arriving from different global regions now working in Sweden from 2003 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A repeated cross-sectional registered-based study was conducted including the total working population (18 years or older) (approximately 3.5-4 million individuals annually). Information on OIA and migrant status was obtained from nationwide registers. The incidence rate (IR) of an OIA per 1000 workers with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated for region of birth, the reason for immigration, and time since immigration for each year. Joinpoint analyses were employed to detect significant shifts in the trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IR of OIA among native-born workers demonstrated a relatively stable trend between 2003 and 2020. Immigrant workers had in general a higher IR of OIA compared to native-born workers across the study period. Among immigrant workers, a steeper downward trend in OIA was observed until 2008/2010. After 2010, the trends were relatively stable or slightly increasing, depending on the region of birth, reason for immigration, and time since immigration. The stratified analysis demonstrated varying patterns depending on sociodemographic and occupational factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immigrant workers in Sweden have a higher incidence of occupational injuries than native Swedes. Despite a general downward trend since 2003, young immigrants from Africa and the Middle East show an upward trend, highlighting a concerning increase for an already vulnerable group and potentially worsening health inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeat self-harm hospitalizations in Canada: a survival analysis.","authors":"Li Liu, Gisèle Contreras, Wendy Thompson","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00576-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00576-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Repeat self-harm hospitalizations are associated with a greater risk of suicide and place a substantial burden on the healthcare system. In Canada, despite growing awareness of self-harm as a public heath issue, most existing research has focused on the prevalence of self-harm, with less attention given to repeat admissions. This study aims to assess the risk of repeat self-harm hospitalizations in Canada and identify population subgroups at higher risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 74,055 patients discharged between April 2016 and March 2022, with self-harm hospitalizations recorded in the Canadian Institute for Health Information's Discharge Abstract Database and the Ontario Mental Health Reporting System. After an initial self-harm hospitalization, patients were followed for repeat admissions during the study period. The risk of readmission was estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, while hazard ratios for factors such as sex, age group, method of self-harm and the presence of a mental disorder diagnosis, were calculated using Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among patients hospitalized for self-harm, the risk of readmission was 9.3% within one year and 13.0% within three years of the index hospitalization. Three-quarters of readmissions occurred within the first year, and 90% occurred within two years. Females had a higher risk of readmission than males (hazard ratio = 1.32), with the highest risk observed among females aged 10-14 years (19.2% within three years), while patients aged 65 years and older had the lowest risk for both males and females. Females who self-harmed by cutting and patients of both sexes who used substance-related poisoning methods, as well as patients with a mental disorder diagnosis, were also at greater risk of readmissions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Canada, approximately one in ten patients hospitalized for self-harm were readmitted, with most readmissions occurring within the subsequent first year. Certain subgroups, including females, young girls, individuals who engaged in self-harm through cutting or substance use, and those with a mental disorder, face higher risks. This study provides insights to guide targeted interventions aimed at preventing recurrence, informing resource allocation, and emphasizing the need for comprehensive mental health support to improve outcomes for at-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonfatal injury emergency department visits and inpatient hospitalizations among persons under age 65 with an intellectual and developmental disability or deaf or hard of hearing disability.","authors":"Terry L Bunn, Jacqueline Seals, Dana Quesinberry, Alaina Murphy, Julia F Costich","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00580-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00580-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vulnerable populations at risk of injury include persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), and persons who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH). The purpose of this study was to describe and compare emergency department and inpatient hospitalization (ED + IP) injury rates and rate ratios by injury type among persons under age 65 with IDD or with DHH to those without IDD or DHH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a descriptive population-based retrospective cross-sectional study of injuries among patients under the age of 65 with an IDD disability or a DHH disability using Kentucky ED + IP discharge datasets from 2019 to 2023. Injury rates and injury rate ratios were calculated for those under the age of 65 with an IDD or a DHH disability and without an IDD or a DHH disability, using number of persons under age 65 with or without the related disability as the denominator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall injury rate was lower for persons under age 65 with an IDD or DHH compared to those without those disabilities in 2023 (1 and 3 per 100,000 population, respectively). IDD or DHH disability types had significantly lower overall ED + IP injury rate ratios compared to those without those disabilities (IDD: 0.667 [95% CI: 0.640-0.694], DHH: 0.658 [95% CI: 0.633-0.683]). When ED + IP injury type rate ratios were compared, IDD or DHH persons had higher injury rate ratios for self-harm (IDD: 8.740 [95% CI: 7.783-9.815], DHH: 1.7846 [95% CI: 1.402-2.272]), assault (IDD: 1.386 [95% CI: 1.173-1.637], DHH: 1.310 [95% CI: 1.115-1.540]), unintentional falls (IDD: 1.540 [95% CI: 1.436-1.633], DHH: 1.283 [95% CI: 1.201-1.372]), and drug poisonings (IDD: 2.401 [95% CI: 2.103-2.740], DHH:1.620 [95% CI: 1.391-1.886]) compared to those without such disabilities. Those with IHH or DHH who were treated for injuries incurred triple the charges of patients without these conditions (~$17,086 IDD; $19,550 DHH; and $5,216 no IDD or DHH disabilities).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings have implications for health policy at the state and federal level. Clinical care interventions to reduce assault, self-harm, drug poisonings and unintentional injuries and healthcare utilization in persons with IDD or DHH should be publicly funded or covered by health insurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12065157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unintentional firearm deaths among children, 0-17 years of age, by race: Findings from the national violent death reporting system, 2015-2021.","authors":"Samuel Fischer, Matthew Miller, Eliot W Nelson, Christopher Chang, Deborah Azrael","doi":"10.1186/s40621-025-00573-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40621-025-00573-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unintentional firearm death (UFD) rates are higher among Black children than among White and Hispanic children. Whether disparities in UFD rates among Black as compared to White and Hispanic children vary by other demographic characteristics or by circumstances is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data come from the 32 states contributing to the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), 2015-2021. Our sample comprises children 0-17 who died from unintentional firearm injuries. Race/ethnicity- and age-specific population data at the state and county level were used to calculate rates. UFD rates were compared within and across race-ethnicity groupings by age, sex, urbanization and across four NVDRS coded circumstances. Urbanization was assigned using a six-level urban-rural classification scheme from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) based on the county in which the fatal injury occured.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of the 568 UFDs, four-fifths of victims were male (82%) and four-fifths died in a home (84%), usually the Victim's home (55%). Most deaths involved a child playing with a firearm (63%). Overall, UFD rates were 4.6-fold higher for Black children compared with White children. Black children's rates were more than 6-fold higher than those of White children for females and for children five to nine years of age, and nearly 8-fold higher for children living in large central metro counties.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Black children die from unintentional firearm injury at disproportionately high rates, especially young children living in urban centers. The underlying reasons for these racial disparities are unclear and should be a priority for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":37379,"journal":{"name":"Injury Epidemiology","volume":"12 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}