Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Fatigue analysis of canine tracheal stents using the finite element method","authors":"Hun-Young Yoon ,&nbsp;Jin-Young Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study aimed to evaluate fatigue of three stent designs when various forces are applied and perform a comparative analyses. A computer simulation using the finite element method was performed. In particular, we constructed a three-dimensional finite element model of nitinol stents with three designs (S6: single-woven wire, wire diameter: 0.006 inch; D6: double-woven wire, wire diameter: 0.006 inch, and D7: double-woven wire, wire diameter: 0.007 inch) that are used to treat canine tracheal collapse (TC). The stents were subjected to a 200 mmHg compression force, a pure torsion force in a perpendicular direction, and a bending-torsion force combining perpendicular and axial forces. The von Mises stress was calculated to evaluate the extent of stent displacement, and Goodman diagrams were plotted to compare fatigue life cycles. D7 exhibited a longer fatigue life compared to S6 and D6. Under compression, pure torsion, and bending-torsion forces, displacement was the smallest for D7, followed by D6 and S6. Similarly, the fatigue life was the longest for D7, followed by D6 and S6. S6 showed the greatest displacement when subjected to external forces; among stents designed using the same wire, D6 displayed less displacement than S6, and D7 exhibited superior fatigue life when subjected to varying degrees of force. This study showed that the structural stability and fatigue life of stents could be effectively compared using finite element method D7 has the greatest stability and structural rigidity under cyclic load.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000085/pdfft?md5=d040850c8908031c62e243b12c8059e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000085-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139749360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of co-infections of Marek's disease virus and chicken infectious anaemia virus in poultry flocks in Nigeria","authors":"Adeyinka J. Adedeji ,&nbsp;Ismail Shittu ,&nbsp;Olatunde B. Akanbi ,&nbsp;Olayinka O. Asala ,&nbsp;Jolly A. Adole ,&nbsp;Philip A. Okewole ,&nbsp;Gabriel O. Ijale ,&nbsp;Dennis Kabantiyok ,&nbsp;Felix Idoko ,&nbsp;Johnson J. Shallmizhili ,&nbsp;Paul A. Abdu ,&nbsp;Shedrach B. Pewan","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marek's disease (MD) and chicken infectious anaemia (CIA) are viral immunosuppressive diseases of poultry caused by the MD virus (MDV) and CIA virus (CIAV) respectively. Despite vaccination against MD, the incidence of the disease in vaccinated poultry flocks in Nigeria persists. However, underlying factors like co-infection with CIAV have not been investigated in the country. This study was designed to investigate possible co-infections of MDV and CIAV in poultry flocks in Nigeria. In 2016, tumorous tissue samples were collected from suspected cases of MD at necropsy in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The samples collected were fixed in formalin for histopathological examination, genomic DNA was extracted from a second part and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), targeting the <em>meq</em> and VP1 genes of the MDV and CIAV, respectively. The histology results revealed that the cutaneous and proventricular lymphomas were characterized by large numbers of mononuclear cellular infiltrates admixed with heterophils. The PCR results revealed that MDV was detected in 66.7% (16/24), CIAV in 45.8% (11/24), and co-infections of MDV and CIAV were detected in 45.8% (11/24) of the samples analysed. In addition, co-infections of MD and CIA were recorded in 100% (6/6) and 27.7% (5/18) of broilers and layer/pullet’ samples respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the <em>meq</em> gene sequences revealed that the Nigerian MDV clusters with very virulent MDV from Egypt and Italy. While, CIAV sequences were genotype II and genotype III and clustered with CIAVs from Cameroon and China. This is the first report of co-infections of MD and CIA in Nigeria.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000061/pdfft?md5=a97a6099b1628dae3d4470fd63625f49&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000061-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139885818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved muscle fatty acid composition and oxidative stability in lambs grazing on sainfoin pasture","authors":"Zijian Li ,&nbsp;Chao Peng ,&nbsp;Hucheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xianbai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a mode of animal management, grazing on pasture has the potential to improve animal performance and provide healthy meat. However, there is little information about the effects of lamb meat quality grazed on sainfoin pasture. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of growing lambs. The twenty-four lambs were randomly divided into grazing on sainfoin pasture (GS) or feeding indoors pelleted total mixed ration (FI). The results show that GS had the higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially n-3 PUFA (<em>P</em> = 0.002), and beneficial for nutritional index of fatty acid. Corresponding that GS had lower the Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in raw (<em>P</em> = 0.005) and cooked meat (<em>P</em> = 0.008). The GS had higher total phenols (<em>P</em> = 0.021), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (<em>P</em> = 0.048) and α-Tocopherol of meat (<em>P</em> = 0.004). In conclusion, grazing on sainfoin pasture in lambs can improve muscle fatty acid composition and oxidative stability than feeding indoors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100337"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000048/pdfft?md5=5b30c5e8c80da51648fe995df5a4086d&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000048-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary basil (Ocimum basilicum) supplementation on reproductive hormones, semen parameters, and testicular development in Zandi male lambs","authors":"Golnor Kosari,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Norouzian,&nbsp;Behzad Khorrami,&nbsp;Abouzar Najafi","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the potential impact of feeding whole plant basil on sperm quality and the concentration of certain reproductive hormones in male lambs. A total of 18 Zandi male lambs with an initial weight of 28.8 ± 2.03 kg were included in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six repetitions. The experimental treatments included: 1) control (basal diet without basil), 2) diet containing 12.5 % basil, and 3) diet containing 25 % basil. The results showed that feeding basil to male lambs significantly increased testosterone concentration and decreased blood cortisol levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, feeding high levels of basil significantly improved sperm concentration, motility, and viability in the experimental samples, while reducing the level of complete abnormalities and malondialdehyde concentration (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The findings suggest that dietary supplementation of 25 % whole plant basil could be a useful strategy to improve sperm quality and increase testosterone secretion while reducing cortisol levels in male lambs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X2400005X/pdfft?md5=182a45c713a8afb6ce81f5d9363c0c9e&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X2400005X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139636451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of feeding bergamot pulp and olive leaves on performance and meat quality in Apulo-Calabrese pigs","authors":"Manuel Scerra ,&nbsp;Francesco Foti ,&nbsp;Pasquale Caparra ,&nbsp;Caterina Cilione ,&nbsp;Matteo Bognanno ,&nbsp;Fortugno Paolo ,&nbsp;De Caria Paolo ,&nbsp;Antonio Natalello ,&nbsp;Martino Musati ,&nbsp;Luigi Chies","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To determine the effects of dietary inclusion of bergamot pulp and olive leaves on pork quality, thirty-six barrows (Apulo-Calabrese; 112.5 ± 7.40 kg initial bodyweight) were randomly assigned to four experimental treatments and fed for 100 days a control diet (control group) or a diet similar to the control diet in which part of the cereals were replaced with 20 % (DM on the diet fed) of ensiled bergamot pulp (dry matter on the diet fed, EBP group) or olive leaves (OLL group) or a 1:1 mixture of both by-products (BPOL group).</p><p>In the present study, the dietary administration of by-products did not influence the accumulation of IMF (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) in meat. As for individual fatty acids, no differences were observed among groups. However, the dietary supplementation of bergamot pulp tended to increase (<em>P</em> = 0.073) the level of α-linolenic acid in meat. In raw and cooked meat TBARS values were higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) in the Control group than in EBP, OLL and BPOL groups. The integration of 20 % of bergamot pulp and/or olive leaves by-products increased the levels of tocopherol and phenolic compounds in the diets, positively influencing the shelf life of meat. No effect of diet was observed on animal performance. The results of present study indicated mainly that partial replacement of cereals with 20 % DM on the diet fed of ensiled bergamot pulp and olive leaves, either alone or in combination, in the pig's diet led to greater oxidative stability of the meat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000036/pdfft?md5=5a40feacd0bdcc006021df2902994acd&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139549876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of alginate, chitosan and polyethylene glycol as substances for colloidal drug delivery as determined by protein release and digestion","authors":"Philip N. Just,&nbsp;Matthew J. Slater","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colloidal encapsulations can be applied as protective matrices in aquaculture feeds. They promise an ideal approach to protect bioactive substances such as oral vaccines, pre- or probiotics against degradation due to acidic environments or untimely lixiviation. Alginate, chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG) are substances frequently applied in encapsulations as protective matrices. However, essential information on their direct and comparable characteristics and their effects on digestion speeds after oral application in aquaculture are lacking. The current study evaluated in vitro release and retention profiles of a model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) after encapsulation with four experimental formulations of protective matrices: ALG – alginate; AC –alginate and chitosan, AP - alginate and PEG and APC – alginate, PEG and chitosan. The iron marked treatment diets were fed to juvenile rainbow trout and digestion speed was investigated using radiographic imaging.</p><p>Digestion speeds did not differ significantly between treatments, with all test diets reaching the anterior fish intestine 10 h after feeding. The BSA retention under low pH was highest for the alginate-chitosan PM (84.7 ± 5.8 %). The inclusion of PEG reduced the retention rate in low pH but significantly increased the absolute BSA release. An oil coating significantly reduced the BSA release during the initial burst for the alginate, alginate-PEG and alginate-chitosan-PEG treatments and significantly reduced retention potential under neutral pH conditions. The feeding simulation trial showed that an oil-coated diet containing alginate-chitosan as a protective matrix can be used to protect the model protein during feeding (release to the water) and against the harmful milieu of the fish stomach. Different combinations of the investigated encapsulation substances can be used to achieve optimal encapsulation and protective characteristics depending on the application objective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000024/pdfft?md5=adcd118da5fb21141ece1516fdd48237&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000024-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139505445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Communication: Reduced GBLUP equations to core animals in the algorithm for proven and young (APY)","authors":"Mohammad Ali Nilforooshan","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The number of animal genotypes is rapidly increasing, and a major challenge for animal models is inverting the genomic relationship matrix (<strong>G</strong>). Matrix <strong>G</strong> has a limited dimensionality, and the algorithm for proven and young (APY) makes inverting a large <strong>G</strong> possible via the inverse of a block diagonal of <strong>G</strong> with a size equivalent to the dimensionality of <strong>G</strong>. APY divides genotyped animals into core and non-core groups, and breeding values of non-core animals are conditioned on the breeding values of core animals. Therefore, there is the possibility of opting out equations for non-core animals from the model. A methodology was presented for a reduced APY genomic BLUP (GBLUP) to equations for core animals. Using a small example dataset, the method was validated by the equality of the full and the reduced model analysis results. Absorption of fixed effect equations into random effect equations was successful in reducing the number of equations to solve and producing the same random effect solutions. Extending the method to APY single-step GBLUP (ssGBLUP) was not computationally justifiable. Other reduction techniques exist for ssGBLUP (regardless of APY or non-APY) that work by reducing the number of equations for non-genotyped animals. The number of equations can further be reduced by data pruning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000012/pdfft?md5=acc24a4c587ba543f90d7636e62991f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the efficacy of a novel prebiotic-like growth promoter on broiler chicken production performance","authors":"Zulfqarul Haq ,&nbsp;Ankur Rastogi ,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar Sharma ,&nbsp;Pratiksha Raghuwanshi ,&nbsp;Maninder Singh ,&nbsp;Azmat Alam Khan ,&nbsp;Syed Mudasir Ahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2023.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2023.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study attempts to isolate a candidate growth promoter from the ovine paunch waste and scrutinize its effects on the production performance of broiler chickens as compared to mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS), a prebiotic, and lincomycin, an antibiotic growth promoter (AB). The paunch waste collected from slaughtered sheep was processed to remove particulate matter. The clarified liquid was then added to an excess of ethanol (1:9 ratio), and the resultant precipitate {(novel growth-promoting paunch extract (NGPE)} was collected, dried, and stored. <em>In vitro</em> increase in cell density for probiotic bacteria <em>viz. Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> and <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> (Log₁₀ CFU/ml) were significantly higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) in NGPE supplemented media (2.78 ± 0.11 and 2.77 ± 0.10) as compared to that on MOS (1.28 ± 0.05 and 2.49 ± 0.09) and glucose (1.09 ± 0.04 and 1.12 ± 0.04) supplemented media. In the in-vivo trial of six weeks duration with broiler chickens (Cobb-400), NGPE supplementation resulted in significantly higher growth in weeks IV (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and VI (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) of age in comparison to MOS and AGP supplemented groups, a lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) cumulative feed conversion ratio in comparison to MOS supplemented groups, and a higher (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) cumulative protein efficiency ratio compared to MOS and AGP supplementation. NGPE supplementation also lowered lipid peroxidation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), increased reduced glutathione activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) in chicken erythrocytes, and boosted the lactic acid bacteria count in the cecal contents (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). This is the first report of the isolation of a paunch waste extract that increased the <em>in vitro</em> growth of probiotic bacteria and improved the production performance of broiler chickens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X23000480/pdfft?md5=22da518bae56882c9751781b995f6b28&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X23000480-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139195663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of oral administration of zeolite on the energy metabolism and reproductive health of Romanian spotted breed in advanced gestation and post partum period","authors":"O.V. Giurgiu ,&nbsp;D.I. Berean ,&nbsp;A. Ionescu ,&nbsp;M.S. Ciupe ,&nbsp;C.R. Cimpean ,&nbsp;C.I. Radu ,&nbsp;D.G. Bitica ,&nbsp;S. Bogdan ,&nbsp;M.L. Bogdan","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2023.100333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2023.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The dairy cow experiences the most significant impact from negative energy balance during this period, which adversely affects reproductive health. Consequently, most pathologies affect dairy cows during this time frame. Thus, with the primary objective of reducing the incidence of these pathologies on dairy farms, we questioned whether supplemental zeolite administration in cattle feed would affect metabolism and reproductive health.</p><p>Therefore, we proposed introducing an antepartum and postpartum supplementation of 400 g of zeolite in the basal diet. The control group received only the basal diet without zeolite supplementation. Monitoring the results stemmed from the consideration that reproductive health can only be present based on an unaltered energy metabolism. Hence, we deemed it necessary to analyze several metabolic markers in light of the expected outcomes concerning reproductive health.</p><p>Cows treated with zeolite exhibited a calving to first service interval 12.78 days earlier than those in the control group. Moreover, the average number of services per conception used for future gestation was 0.44 lower in the zeolite-treated group compared to the control group (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). Additionally, the treatment group showed a lower presence of pathogens in the uterus and displayed a more favorable average uterine score.</p><p>Observations following the completion of the research point towards an improvement in the health of transition dairy cows, opening a new path for dairy farms in terms of preventing postpartum pathologies. Indeed, the benefits from this study primarily impact the animals rather than directly influencing milk production. Therefore, further research is necessary in this regard.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X23000509/pdfft?md5=8014bd225b2f362ffc842a273c2cd755&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X23000509-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does micro-granulated yeast probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in milk replacer affect health, growth, feed efficiency and economic gain of calves?","authors":"Nizar Salah ,&nbsp;Héloïse Legendre ,&nbsp;Valentin Nenov ,&nbsp;Maxime Briche ,&nbsp;Flore Serieys ,&nbsp;Silvia Grossi ,&nbsp;Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2023.100329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2023.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The goal of calf feeding systems is to provide calves with optimum nutrition to promote growth, health, and future milk production and to reduce antibiotic use which leads to a need for alternatives that reduce illness and promote growth in dairy calves. We hypothesized that feeding live yeast would improve gastrointestinal health and growth performance of calves. The aim of this study was then to evaluate the effects of supplementing a yeast probiotic <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> (CNCM I-4407, 10¹⁰ CFU/g, Actisaf® Sc47 powder; Phileo by Lesaffre, France) in milk replacers (MR), on health and growth of pre-weaned calves. Forty Holstein female calves were used during this trial. Each calf was weighed at 3 days of age and then introduced in the trial. Calves were randomly assigned to 2 groups (<em>n</em> = 20/group) and were fed MR without (control; CON) or with yeast probiotic at 1 g/calf/d (experimental; EXP). Milk replacer (12.5 % solids) was offered twice a day until 66 days of age (DOA). Body Weight (BW), wither height, hip width, body length and chest girth were collected in day 3 and day 66. Compared to CON, calves supplemented with yeast probiotic had better average daily gain (ADG, 0.456 ± 0.1 <em>vs.</em> 0.556 ± 0.09 kg/d, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). There was no difference (<em>p &gt;</em>  0.05) in both starter and MR intake between the two groups. Feed efficiency was better (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the EXP group (2.18 ± 0.53) compared to CON (2.63 ± 0.78). No statistical differences were found between groups even if the lower total morbidity (40.91 % in the CON vs<em>.</em> 19.05 % in EXP) and incidence of gastrointestinal disorders (36.36 % in the CON vs. 14.29 % in EXP) were observed in calves supplemented with yeast probiotic. The severity of diarrhea was numerically lower in calves supplemented with yeast probiotic. No severe cases of respiratory disorders were highlighted in the present trial. The cost/kg of gain was higher (<em>p &lt;</em>  0.05) in CON compared to EXP group. Total expenses linked to feeds and veterinary treatments were higher in CON compared to EXP group. During the study, the use 1 g/d of yeast probiotic allows to save 32.86 €/calf.</p><p>It could be concluded that supplementing Actisaf® powder (Actisaf® SC 47 PWD) in MR improved health, growth performance, feed efficiency, and reduced the expenses linked to feeds and veterinary treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X23000467/pdfft?md5=5d40fba14df0d4d71f13d7dcd5c977e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X23000467-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139100292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}