Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Feeding pomegranate pulp to Ghezel lambs for enhanced productivity and meat quality","authors":"Zabihollah Nemati ,&nbsp;Saeid Amirdahri ,&nbsp;Ardashir Asgari ,&nbsp;Akbar Taghizadeh ,&nbsp;Shahida Anusha Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Magsoud Besharati ,&nbsp;Kazem Alirezalu ,&nbsp;Benjamin W.B. Holman","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agrifood by-products contain nutrients and bioactive compounds that can be used in the diets of livestock – thereby value-adding to an otherwise waste product of environmental and economic significance. This study investigated the effect of dietary pomegranate pulp in the total mixed ration of Ghezel lambs, evaluating its effect on growth performance, blood parameters, carcass traits, as well as meat quality and shelf life. 3-month-old Ghezel lambs (individually housed, <em>n</em> = 8) were randomly assigned to be either non-supplemented (control) or supplemented with 100 g/kg DM of sun-dried pomegranate pulp for 28 days, post-adjustment. Results showed that supplementation of lamb diets with pomegranate pulp significantly increased liveweight and average daily gains, while not significantly affecting dry matter intake. Lamb serum urea and alkaline phosphatase concentrations and hot carcass weight were increased with pomegranate pulp supplementation. Compared to control lambs, the meat from lambs fed the supplemented diet had higher concentrations of intramuscular fat, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid, total unsaturated fatty acid, and meat phenolic compounds. Pomegranate pulp supplemented lambs also had a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids; and produced liver tissue with less fat and ash contents. Meat oxidative status (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance<em>)</em> and quality (water holding capacity, colour, and pH) were improved when lambs were supplemented with pomegranate pulp. These findings demonstrate that using pomegranate pulp as a feed for Ghezel lambs has advantageous effects on animal performance and meat quality, offering valorisation of an agrifood by-product.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000231/pdfft?md5=25bef412460f2f7f8ef06010da320ac9&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000231-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality and nutritional value of beef from Angus steers fed different levels of humate (K Humate S100R)","authors":"Forough Ataollahi,&nbsp;John W. Piltz,&nbsp;Geoff R. Casburn,&nbsp;Benjamin W.B. Holman","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study compared the effect of four levels of K Humate S100R (potassium humate) supplementation on the quality, shelf-life, and nutritional properties of beef. Angus steers (<em>n</em> = 40) were individually housed and fed either 0, 35, 70, or 140 g K Humate S100R/animal/day for 100 days, following a 30 day adjustment period. The steers were slaughtered at the completion of the feeding study. The left m. <em>longissimus lumborum</em> (LL) was collected at 24 h <em>post-mortem</em> and aged for either 2 or 6 weeks before analysis. K Humate S100R supplementation did not affect beef drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, sarcomere length, ultimate pH, intramuscular fat content, or total volatile basic nitrogen concentrations (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Steers supplemented with 70 g/day K Humate S100R produced beef with higher <em>a</em>* values on Days 1 and 3 of retail display (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Beef mineral composition was unchanged by K Humate S100R supplementation (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), but there were minor changes to the fatty acid profile. Specifically, the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and C20:2n-6 concentrations (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increased with supplementation level. Together, these results demonstrate no detrimental effects on beef quality and shelf-life as a result of K Humate S100R supplementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X2400022X/pdfft?md5=5813c78001efbf7220969b0f9aa3457e&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X2400022X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of peppermint essential oil and artifier on growth performance, carcass characteristics and nutrient digestibilities in broiler chickens fed with low energy diets","authors":"Shokoufe Ghazanfari,&nbsp;Ayub Shiri Ghzghapan,&nbsp;Shirin Honarbakhsh","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of peppermint essential oil (PEO) and an emulsifier called artifier on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens fed low-energy diets. A total of 240 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into five treatments: control, low-energy diet, low-energy diet + 150 ppm PEO, low-energy diet + 300 ppm artifier, and low-energy diet + 150 ppm PEO + 300 ppm artifier. Each treatment was replicated four times in a completely randomized design. The chickens were fed these treatments during the starter, grower, and finisher periods for a total of 42 days. The results indicated that broiler chickens receiving the low-energy diet supplemented with PEO + artifier had similar body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and breast percentage, but exhibited significantly lower abdominal fat percentage compared to those fed the control diet (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, birds receiving PEO and artifier in low-energy diets, either individually or in combination, demonstrated higher digestibility of dry matter and fat during the starter and grower periods in comparison to those receiving the low-energy diet without any additives (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Over the entire rearing period, the simultaneous inclusion of 150 ppm PEO and 300 ppm artifier in the low-energy diet resulted in comparable growth performance to the control diet. Additionally, the concurrent use of PEO and artifier in the low-energy diet for broiler chickens led to a decrease in abdominal fat, increased digestibility of fat and dry matter, and enhanced nutrient utilization compared to the control diet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000218/pdfft?md5=d3b0289d357d7b4fb434ef9e772c9647&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000218-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140785845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic utility of selected faecal biochemical parameters in the determination of acute diarrhoea and associated defecation stooling characteristics in dogs: An observational study","authors":"Obed D. Acheampong ,&nbsp;Emmanuel K. Ofori ,&nbsp;Sherry A.M. Johnson ,&nbsp;Bill C. Egyam ,&nbsp;Kweku Asare-Dompreh ,&nbsp;Seth K. Amponsah ,&nbsp;Henry Asare-Anane","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diarrhoea, which is a clinical manifestation of various illnesses, is frequently observed in dogs. Regrettably, many dog owners find it difficult to provide comprehensive case histories, primarily because of limited interaction with their canine companions. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of faecal biochemical analytes in detecting and characterizing acute diarrhoea in dogs. Sixty-two domestic dogs were selected using the proportionate stratified sample technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic and clinical data. Faecal stool specimens from the dogs were obtained using the colon flush technique. The specimens were taken through biochemical analysis to determine urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, gamma-glutamyl transferase and uric acid levels. Results showed a significant association between the diarrhoea status of the participants and their age, weight, breed, body size, source of last diet, period of inappetence, and other gastrointestinal signs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.050, respectively). Dogs that had not eaten in at least three days were five times more likely (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) to have diarrhoea. Furthermore, miniature breeds were about six times more likely to develop diarrhoea (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Of the seven selected biochemical parameters, total faecal cholesterol was the most predictive index in diagnosing acute diarrhoea in dogs, with a likelihood ratio of 6.5, and it was the most accurate in predicting defecation stooling frequency and texture. In summary, in situations of inadequate case histories, measuring total faecal cholesterol could assist veterinarians in detecting diarrhoea and predicting its faecal stooling texture and frequency in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000206/pdfft?md5=edcb8744d15f62c884dbc6ec751a7404&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000206-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of selectivity, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level, alkaline phosphatase activity and reproductive performance in gilts and primiparous sows using 14-epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3","authors":"Prester C.John Okafor ,&nbsp;Nattanit Jimongkolkul ,&nbsp;Anchalee Khongpradit ,&nbsp;Wunwinee Ahiwichai ,&nbsp;Nitipong Homwong","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Selecting breed-worthy gilts as sow replacements is essential for continuity of pig production cycle. Though vitamin D3 (VD3) is known to enhance reproductive performance of multiparous sows, there is still a knowledge gap on its impact in developing gilts and primiparous sows. This study was aimed to quantify plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and examine the reproductive performance of primiparous sows fed diets supplemented with regular VD3, and its 25(OH)D3 epimers. The study sample comprised 10-week-old replacement gilts (50 % <em>Landrace</em> x 50 % <em>Yorkshire, N</em> = 180) assigned in a randomized complete block design to three treatments [2,000 IU/kg of VD3 (T1), 25 µg/kg of 14‑epi-25(OH)D3, half dose (T2), and 50 µg/kg of 25(OH)D3 (T3)] equilibrated to 2,000 IU/kg in base diets. Selections occurred at 22, 27 and 35 weeks of age, respectively. Plasma 25(OH)D3, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone structure and reproductive performance were analyzed. Dietary treatments influenced carpus (<em>P</em> = 0.023), fore view stance (<em>P</em> = 0.017), infantile vulva (<em>P</em> = 0.014), inverted (<em>P</em> = 0.048), and prominent teat (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Post-partum 25(OH)D3 concentration and ALP activity were elevated by day 25 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Treatment diets also influenced total born (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), born alive (<em>P</em> = 0.048), and still born (<em>P</em> = 0.049). Two factors affect circulating 25(OH)D3 and ALP activity: physiological changes in sows during lactation, and dietary 25(OH)D3 intake. 14‑epi-25(OH)D3 is a potent metabolite for improving maturation of reproductive organs in developing gilts. It also reduces still birth in primiparous sows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X2400019X/pdfft?md5=129cebae5f74e23159ff4a80dfd5a8c3&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X2400019X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating estrus synchronization and early pregnancy detection in Ossimi sheep: The influence of fluorogestone acetate treatment duration and dosage","authors":"Maha S. Salama ,&nbsp;Mohey A. Ashour ,&nbsp;Ehab S. Taher ,&nbsp;Ismail El-kon ,&nbsp;Samy Sayed ,&nbsp;Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis ,&nbsp;Batrina Stefan ,&nbsp;Imbrea Ana-Maria ,&nbsp;Laila A. Al-Shuraym ,&nbsp;Mustafa Shukry","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estrus synchronization is important for improving sheep reproduction. To enhance sheep reproduction efficiency, this study investigated the impact of different durations (7 vs. 14 days) and fluorogestone acetate (FGA) doses in intravaginal sponges on estrus synchronization and early pregnancy detection in Ossimi sheep. Two hundred ewes were evenly divided into two groups, each receiving a full 40 mg or a halved 20 mg FGA sponge for their respective durations. The study aimed to optimize breeding efficiency by examining the effectiveness of these treatments in synchronizing estrous cycles and by evaluating the use of serum levels of pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (PAG1) and progesterone (P₄) as markers for early pregnancy identification. Prostaglandin F_2α and equine chorionic gonadotropin were administered to enhance the synchronization process. Results highlighted that the 7-day treatment protocol significantly improved estrus, pregnancy, and lambing rates compared to the 14-day protocol. Furthermore, pregnant ewes demonstrated elevated levels of PAG1 and P₄, with PAG1 levels particularly higher in ewes with multiple pregnancies. The findings underscore that the shorter duration of FGA treatment is more effective for reproductive management in Ossimi sheep without significantly affecting PAG1 levels based on the dose or duration of FGA. PAG1 also proved to be a reliable marker for early pregnancy detection, offering a promising approach to identifying fetal numbers early in pregnancy. This research suggests optimizing FGA sponge use could be cost-efficient for improving reproductive efficiency and early pregnancy management in sheep.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000188/pdfft?md5=96e21e8e6b5a9c54a8b985af657b8255&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000188-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140557437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary methionine to crude protein ratio on performance of Ross 308 broiler chickens aged 22 to 42 days","authors":"Ng'ambi Jones Wilfred ,&nbsp;Paledi Mashego Queen ,&nbsp;Manyelo Tlou Grace ,&nbsp;Tyasi Thobela Louis","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary methionine to crude protein (CP) ratio on the performance of male Ross 308 broiler chickens aged 22 to 42 days. The diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous but with different methionine-to-CP ratios. The diets, based on methionine to crude protein ratios, were M_0.020 (0.020), M_0.025 (0.025) M_0.030 (0.030), M_0.040 (0.040), or M_0.045 (0.045). A complete randomized design was used. A quadratic type of equation was used to determine dietary methionine to CP ratios for optimal performance of the chickens. Dietary methionine to CP ratio had no effect (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) on feed intake, live weight gain, live weight, feed efficiency, metabolizable energy intake, nitrogen retention, abdominal fat pad weight, breast meat nitrogen and methionine contents, and meat flavour and shear force values of the chickens, but it affected (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) CP digestibility, carcass and breast weights, and breast meat tenderness and juiciness. Methionine to CP ratios of 0.039, 0.038, 0.050, and 0.050 were calculated to result in optimal CP digestibility, carcass weight, breast meat tenderness, and juiciness, respectively. These results may imply that dietary methionine to CP ratio requirements for broiler chickens will depend on the production parameter of interest.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000176/pdfft?md5=afe2222d1e3d5b3d4b848e215b9926b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000176-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hematoprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory potentials of chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) extract in rats","authors":"Sabbya Sachi ,&nbsp;Mst. Prianka Jahan ,&nbsp;Purba Islam ,&nbsp;Kazi Rafiq ,&nbsp;Md. Zahorul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chia seed extract on CCl₄-induced hepatotoxicity, hematological profile, and carrageenan-induced inflammation in rats. Water-ethanol-acetone extract of chia seeds at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day were applied to evaluate the comparative protective roles. Hematological profile and serum biochemical parameters were measured to evaluate the hematoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects of chia seed extract. Paw thickness and motility level were assessed at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 h after sub-planter injection of carrageenan to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential. Tissue histopathology was performed in both cases. Chia seed extract reduced the elevated level of serum AST and ALT significantly in a dose-dependent manner following intra-peritoneal injection of CCl₄. Histopathological study of the liver tissue exhibited acute impairment of the hepatocytes and liver parenchyma following CCl₄ exposure, which was markedly regenerated by the chia seed extract treatment. Protective effects of the extracts were also evidenced by the RBC count, Hb (%), PCV (%), ESR, and neutrophil count. Chia seed extract was found to inhibit the carrageenan-induced paw edema and increase motility level in a dose-oriented fashion. Histological examination of the paw tissue revealed severe inflammation characterized by massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the carrageenan group, which was significantly reduced by chia seed extract treatment. The higher dose of chia seed extract showed significant increases in bodyweight gain and feed efficiency ratio but decrease in visceral fat deposition. These results suggest that chia seeds possess potentials for hematoprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000164/pdfft?md5=e462f0d7c08339f30acb0ae630194ec3&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000164-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Newcastle disease virus genotype VII–mismatched vaccines in SPF chickens: A challenge efficacy study","authors":"Mohammad Hassanzadeh ,&nbsp;Mehran Abedi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Bashashati ,&nbsp;Ali Reza Yousefi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abdoshah ,&nbsp;Sara Mirzaie","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains, while falling under a single serotype, are classified into distinct genotypes. Genotype VII virulent NDVs pose a significant threat to poultry due to their association with high mortality rates and economic losses. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three commercial live vaccines based on genotype II against genotype VII virulent NDV (vNDV) in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Forty one-day-old chickens were randomly divided into four groups (<em>n</em> = 10) and inoculated with one dose of each ND pneumotropic vaccine—B1, Clone.12IR, and La Sota—or received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a control at eight days of age via eye drop. At 28 days of age (20th post-vaccination days), chickens were intramuscularly challenged with genotype VII virulent NDV (≥ 10⁵ LD₅₀). Serum samples were collected at 28 days of age (challenge day), 7 and 14 post-challenge days to measure NDV antibodies via the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. Cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken on the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 10th post-challenge days to evaluate virus shedding. Vaccinated groups exhibited significantly higher antibody titers and greater protection levels compared to the control group (<em>P</em>≤ 0.001). While HI antibody titer was not different at 28 and 35 days of age between vaccinated chickens, the Clone.12IR groups showed higher HI antibody titer compared to B1 at day 42 of age (9.43 vs. 7.42; <em>P</em>≤ 0.002). La Sota and Clone.12IR vaccines demonstrated superior protection against mortality compared to the B1 vaccine (90 %, 80% vs. 60 %, respectively) with 6.0 and 2.67 odds ratio of survivability. All three mismatched vaccines effectively curbed the shedding of virulent genotype VII NDV, with 0 % to 11 % positive cloacal samples up to the 3rd post-challenge day. These findings demonstrate that in the experimental setting, the administration of mismatched ND vaccines, particularly La Sota and Clone.12IR, confer protection against genotype VII virulent NDV and control viral shedding, which can help to develop effective vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of vNDV outbreaks in the poultry farms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000152/pdfft?md5=d6b17c7349479401f0a51b182e36d428&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000152-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabies incidence and burden in three cities of Cameroon (2004–2013)","authors":"Ngah Osoe Bouli Freddy Patrick ,&nbsp;Awah-Ndukum Julius ,&nbsp;Mingoas Kilekoung Jean-Pierre ,&nbsp;Mouiche Mouliom Mohamed Moctar","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rabies is a fatal disease occurring worldwide and especially in almost all the countries in Asia and Africa including Cameroon. Though animal and human rabies is prevalent in Cameroon, the epidemiology and socio-economic burden of the disease in the country is not known. Therefore, a 10-year (October 2004–April 2013) retrospective study on the incidence of animal and human rabies and its burden in Garoua, Ngaoundéré and Yaoundé in Cameroon was carried out. Records of human cases were extracted from the database of the regional hospitals, and animal cases from the databases of Centre Pasteur and National Veterinary Laboratory. The burden of the disease was assessed through the estimation of costs linked to preventive measures (vaccination), corrective procedures (Post Exposure Treatment), Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) and overall societal cost of the disease. Overall, 56 rabies-suspected human deaths, corresponding to an incidence of 0.02 ± 0.00 ‱ and Animal Rabies Incidence (ARI) of 0.37 ± 0.00 % among 1844 suspected animal cases were recorded. The economic loss due to preventive measures of 326,046 ± 28,130.85 USD, related to corrective procedures of 806,741.25 ± 2,466.08 USD, and DALY of 1690.28 ± 4.76 years were estimated. This is the first study that highlights the enormous socio-economic burden associated with animal and human rabies in endemic parts of Cameroon and emphasizes on enhancing rabies eradication strategy focusing on the One Health approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000140/pdfft?md5=e080aa37df54c5045d1d86d5ffc8d6aa&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000140-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}