Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Identification and multidrug resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus from cloacal swabs of captive yearling gharials (Gavialis gangeticus) in Chitwan National Park, Nepal","authors":"Sujan Adhikari ,&nbsp;Himal Luitel ,&nbsp;Swagat Khanal ,&nbsp;Aakash Marasini","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the identification and antibiogram profiles of <em>Escherichia coli, Salmonella</em> spp., and <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. isolated from cloacal swabs of captive yearling gharials (<em>Gavialis gangeticus</em>) at the Gharial Breeding Center, Chitwan National Park, Nepal. A total of 28 samples were collected and processed, yielding 38 isolates comprising <em>E. coli</em> (46.43 %), <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. (46.43 %), and <em>Salmonella</em> spp. (42.86 %). All three bacteria were isolated in 14.29 % of samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method, demonstrated high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin and ciprofloxacin. Multidrug resistance was prevalent, with 84.62 % of <em>E. coli</em> and 58.33 % of <em>Salmonella</em> spp. isolates classified as multidrug-resistant, while all <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp. isolates showed resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics underscoring critical AMR challenges. The study also revealed a significant interplay between the reptilian gut microbiota and environmental factors, suggesting shared reservoirs for bacterial transmission. The findings underscore the urgent need for antimicrobial stewardship, improved environmental management, and regular health monitoring to mitigate the risks posed by antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic bacteria in critically endangered gharials. This research contributes valuable insights into the health challenges facing captive gharials and provides a basis for developing targeted conservation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of common anthelmintics used in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia","authors":"Yihenew Getahun Ambaw ,&nbsp;Ambachew Motbaynor Wubaye ,&nbsp;Melkamu Temesgen Mekonen ,&nbsp;Simachew Getaneh Endalamew ,&nbsp;Biruh Mebratu Belay ,&nbsp;Simegnew Adugna Kallu","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nematode parasites are a constraint on animal production and welfare. Anthelmintic resistance (AR) rigorously threatens the possible use of parasite control methods. Hence, this study aimed to assess the anthelmintic use practices of sheep farmers and evaluate the efficacy of common anthelmintics for gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia. A survey was conducted with 100 randomly selected sheep farmers to gather information on anthelmintic use practices. Additionally, 90 nematode-infected sheep were selected for efficacy testing of the treatments. The sheep were chosen if the eggs per gram (EPG) was ≥ 150 in faeces and randomly assigned to three treatment groups (30 animals per group). Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 were treated with ivermectin, albendazole, and tetramisole, respectively. Faecal samples were collected on days 0 (pretreatment) and 7 and 14 (after treatment). The modified McMaster method was used to count the eggs and fifty multiplication factor to estimate the EPG. The faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) was utilized to assess the efficacy of the anthelmintics on day 14. The survey revealed that ivermectin was the most regularly (54 %) utilized anthelmintic to treat sheep nematodes, followed by albendazole (28 %) and tetramisole (15 %). The respondents also reported that the choice of anthelmintics was related to the prescription of veterinarians (52 %), color (23 %), affordability of price (14 %), and availability (11 %). The FECRTs on the 14th day were 87.7, 75.7, and 77.0 % for ivermectin, tetramisole, and albendazole, respectively. Although nematodes have developed resistance to all the tested anthelmintics, there was a significant (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) reduction in the faecal egg count (RFEC) after treatment. During pretreatment, <em>Hemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Teladorsagia, Cooperia, Trichuris, Bunostomum, Strongyloides, Chabertia, Esophagostomum,</em> and <em>Nematodirus</em> and after treatnment <em>Hemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Teladorsagia,</em> and <em>Trichuris</em> were detected. The results revealed that gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in sheep have developed resistance to the tested anthelmintics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Vitamin E and Selenium supplementation on blood biochemical parameters in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)","authors":"Sarmad S. Muhammad ,&nbsp;Mahmood H.M. Ameen ,&nbsp;Shahab A.Salih Gezh ,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Wahab ,&nbsp;Hassan M. Rostam","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with different levels of vitamin E and inorganic selenium (as sodium selenite) on blood plasma biochemical parameters in male and female Japanese quails (<em>coturnix japonica</em>). The experiment was conducted at the Animal Management Laboratory, Veterinary Techniques Department, Kalar Technical Institute, Garmian Polytechnic University. A total of 128 twelve-week-old quails were randomly assigned to four dietary treatment groups, each with eight replicates (one male and three females per replicate). The experimental diets included: T0 (basal diet, control), T1 (basal diet + 1.0 g/kg vitamin E–selenium powder), T2 (basal diet + 1.5 g/kg), and T3 (basal diet + 2.0 g/kg). From the total population, 78 birds (24 males and 54 females) were randomly selected for blood sampling and biochemical analysis. The results showed that supplementation significantly increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) total protein levels in females, as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium, urea, and triglycerides. No significant effects were observed for cholesterol, creatinine, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), or glucose. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with combined vitamin E and selenium positively influenced specific blood plasma parameters, particularly in female quails, suggesting potential benefits for metabolic</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating cow-calf productive performance under early and conventional weaning practices in south african beef cattle","authors":"Brent Damian Jammer,&nbsp;Willem Abraham Lombard,&nbsp;Henry Jordaan","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weaning age is a critical decision in beef cattle systems, ultimately influencing productivity and reproductive efficiency. This study investigated the productive performance of 152 Bonsmara cow-calf pairs under two distinct weaning practices: Early Weaning (EW) at 90 days and Conventional Weaning (CW) at 205 days. Data were obtained from the Arcadia Farmland cattle herd in the Vrede region of South Africa, comparing primiparous heifers with EW calves to a group of primiparous and second-time calving heifers with CW calves as a baseline comparison, reflecting limited research on EW in South Africa. EW calves received grower meal and natural grazing post-weaning, while CW calves depended on maternal milk and natural grazing. The farm's productive data indicated that CW achieved higher weaning weights per calf (+27 kg), highlighting productivity benefits. Conversely, EW reduced inter-calving periods (347 vs. 419 days), enhanced fertility, and improved herd reproductive efficiency, offering advantages in drought-prone settings. A General Linear Model (GLM) was applied to assess the influence of productive factors on 205-day calf weight. The model identified <strong>weaning practice</strong> and <strong>dam calving weight</strong> as significant predictors. Heavier dams produced heavier calves, likely due to better maternal conditions. These results highlight trade-offs between live weight gain (CW) and reproductive efficiency (EW), reinforcing the need for context-specific weaning strategies in South African beef systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the internal quality of turkey eggs according to their commercial grading","authors":"José Ignacio Salgado Pardo ,&nbsp;Antonio González Ariza ,&nbsp;José Manuel León Jurado ,&nbsp;Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo ,&nbsp;María Esperanza Camacho Vallejo","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to determine the influence of egg weight and shape index on the internal quality of turkey eggs. To this aim, a total of 197 turkey eggs were measured including external and internal egg quality traits. Different egg categories were built attending to the weight terciles of the sample and the commercial shape index standards. A Discriminant Canonical Analysis (DCA) was performed using these categories as dependent variables, while the internal quality attributes acted as explanatory variables. The yolk percentage was the only variable reporting multicollinearity and was therefore removed from further analysis. The Pillai’s trace criterion was significative (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and validated the performance of the DCA. Moreover, the cross-validation test reported a high accuracy of correct assignments (95.88 %), which validated the applicability of the statistic model. The diameter and lightness of the yolk, the proportion of shell in the overall weight, and the height and pH of the albumen were the variables reporting discriminatory ability across weight and shape index groups. Similar associations between the internal quality and egg weight were found in the literature, while the connections with the shape index were less frequent. The present work eases the efficient determination of increased-quality eggs from their external appearance. However, quality perception varies with the consumer preferences of each market. Therefore, heavier eggs will offer larger yolks and reduced shell percentage in weight, while lighter and rounder eggs will tend to present darker yolks, with taller albumen and lower gas exchange during storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and expression of Spata22 in testes of the sterile male cattle-yak","authors":"Robert Niayale ,&nbsp;Yan Cui ,&nbsp;Si-Jiu Yu ,&nbsp;Libin Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Liao ,&nbsp;Shijie Li ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Xu ,&nbsp;Pengfei Zhao ,&nbsp;Pengqiang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The male hybrid of cattle and yak is sterile, while the female is fertile. This is caused by aberrations with the process of spermatogenesis. SPATA22 plays a critical role in the pairing of homologous chromosomes, synapsis, DNA repair, and meiotic recombination; dysregulation of which can disrupt these processes, resulting in meiotic arrest and male sterility in mammals. The expression and molecular characterization of <em>Spata22</em> have not been studied in the sterile hybrid cattle-yak. This study isolated, sequenced and characterised the coding sequence of the <em>Spata22</em> gene of the cattle-yak, and compared the relative mRNA and protein expression. There was a remarkable reduction in <em>Spata22</em> mRNA and protein expression in the cattle-yak compared to the yak and cattle. The SPATA22 protein was located in the adluminal compartment of the tubules. Thirteen mutation sites consisting of ten amino changes and 3 insertions were found in the cattle-yak sequence. The cattle-yak protein sequence contains motifs which are potential binding sites for genes that play a crucial role in meiotic recombination and DNA repair. Histological evaluation revealed no advanced-stage germ cells, except a few spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. These findings give an insight into the role of <em>Spata22</em> in the hybrid sterility of cattle-yak and pave the way for more future research into genetic engineering involving the construction of a functional <em>Spata22</em> gene copy into the genome of sterile male cattle-yak to restore normal spermatogenesis in the sterile hybrid. This will help improve desirable traits in the yak through hybridization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The blood biochemical parameters intervals and dynamics in modern broiler chickens","authors":"Dana Zálešáková,&nbsp;Jakub Novotný,&nbsp;Michal Řiháček,&nbsp;Lucie Horáková,&nbsp;Eva Mrkvicová,&nbsp;Ondřej Šťastník,&nbsp;Leoš Pavlata","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blood biochemistry in poultry is an understudied area, requiring the establishment of reference intervals (RIs) to monitor health and metabolism effectively across different life stages. To broaden and complete the spectrum of parameters encountered in animal medicine, we pursued two main objectives: first, to establish the comprehensive spectrum of blood RIs for Ross 308 male chickens, and second, to investigate potential age-specific differences in broilers from the onset of their lives. A total of 228 blood samples from 35-day-old broilers were analysed to determine RIs for key metabolism indicators, including ALT (0.0–0.4 µkat/l), AST (1.4–5.7 µkat/l), GMT (0.2–0.5 µkat/l), ALP (13.3–281.9 µkat/l), LD (14.2–112.6 µkat/l), CK (94.9–925.6 µkat/l), TBili (1.8–7.3 µmol/l), Urea (0.7–2.7 mmol/l), Creat (16.7–37.7 µmol/l), Uric Acid (140.0–594.6 µmol/l), Total protein (24.7–37.1 g/l), Albumin (13.0–21.4 g/l), Globulin (10.3–19.0 g/l), Glucose (5.8–15.1 mmol/l), Cholesterol (2.3–4.1 mmol/l), TG (0.2–1.2 mmol/l). Furthermore, we monitored mineral, nitrogen, fat, and energy metabolism parameters weekly from day 1 to day 35 of chick age to assess biochemical dynamics. Significant age-related variations were found in most parameters, particularly during the first week after hatching (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The only stable indicators throughout the observation were creatinine and potassium (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of broiler physiology, enhance the precision of blood testing interpretations, and offer the potential for the early detection of metabolic disorders or diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cattle recover completely from unconsciousness induced by controlled application of 150–180 kJ of 915 MHz microwave energy to the forehead","authors":"Alison Small ,&nbsp;Ian Jenson ,&nbsp;Andrew Phillips ,&nbsp;David McLean ,&nbsp;Troy Kalinowski ,&nbsp;James Ralph","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For beef to be acceptable to consumers of Halal and Kosher meat, the animal must be alive at the point of exsanguination, undamaged and, if rendered unconscious prior to slaughter, able to recover from the unconscious state if not exsanguinated. A dielectric (electromagnetic) system, trademarked DTS: Diathermic Syncope® (DTS) has the potential to address these requirements. Seven cattle were rendered unconscious using DTS at 150–180 kJ of energy. Electroencephalography (EEG) was performed prior to and after DTS energy application in 6 of these animals, while they recovered consciousness, while the seventh was handled in accordance with commercial processing procedures, without the delays involved in collecting EEG data. Five animals (4 of which had EEG recorded) were returned to the holding pen after recovery and held for a period of 30 min, during which they explored their surroundings ate hay and rested. After the observation period, they were returned to restraint, DTS energy reapplied and the carcases processed for human consumption. Loss of consciousness, based on behavioural reactions, occurred within 10 s of the start of energy application, while EEG indicated the duration of insensibility to be 63 s (based on absence of eye reflexes) or more, with a long transition to full return of consciousness. Animals recovered fully from the induced unconsciousness and responded normally to environmental stimuli. No evidence of aversion was noted when these animals were returned to the restraint box a second time, some 30 min after recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144262401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of influenza C and D virus infections among cattle in Japan","authors":"Kosuke Ohira ,&nbsp;Kokoro Yokoe ,&nbsp;Kaixin Li ,&nbsp;Misa Katayama ,&nbsp;Ayano Ichikawa ,&nbsp;Akiko Takenaka-Uema ,&nbsp;Wataru Sekine ,&nbsp;Emi Takashita ,&nbsp;Yasushi Muraki ,&nbsp;Shin Murakami ,&nbsp;Taisuke Horimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although influenza C virus (ICV) and influenza D virus (IDV) circulate mainly among humans and cattle, respectively, recent studies in the USA have reported both viruses to be significantly related to the symptomatic bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), which causes economic losses in cattle farming. In this study, we conducted a serosurvey of ICV and IDV infections using cattle samples collected from five prefectures in Japan during 2020–2023. Hemagglutination inhibition testing indicated that the overall seroprevalence was 27.0 % for ICV and 48.5 % for IDV, the regional seroprevalence varied from 4.0 % to 36.9 % for ICV and from 10.8 % to 57.7 % for IDV, and the annual seroprevalence varied from 3.4 % to 23.2 % for ICV and from 21.8 % to 53.5 % for IDV. These results indicate that ICV and IDV are circulating widely among cattle in Japan, suggesting their possible involvement as the causative agents of BRDC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal cluster analysis and predicting lumpy skin disease outbreaks in cattle in selected zones of Oromia region, Ethiopia from 2008-2022","authors":"Emishaw Demisie ,&nbsp;Shihun Shimelis ,&nbsp;Michael Abdi ,&nbsp;Ambachew Motbaynor Wubaye ,&nbsp;Elias Gezahegn ,&nbsp;Biniam Mengistie ,&nbsp;Tamirat Gemechu ,&nbsp;Yihenew Getahun Ambaw ,&nbsp;Simegnew Adugna Kallu","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2025.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection that affects cattle, causing significant economic loss and posing a threat to food security. This is a study in the selected zones of Oromia Region, Ethiopia, spanning 15 years (2008–2022), aimed to identify spatiotemporal distribution, cluster of LSD outbreaks, and to project potential future outbreaks for the years from 2023–2027. The findings revealed 457 outbreaks, 50,025 recorded cases with 879 fatalities. The study analyzed LSD outbreak spatial cluster (Moran <em>I</em>, Getis Ord Gi and ST-model), time series data using classical additive and STL decomposition, and four forecasting models (ARIMA, SARIMA, ETS, and SL+random walk) were used. Seven hotspots emerged predominantly in the northwestern and eastern segments of the Arsi zone. The study further pinpointed two spatial and twelve spatiotemporal clusters, including all distinct temporal clusters between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2009, characterized by a relative risk (RR) of 2.68, a log likelihood ratio (LLR) of 16.23, and a <em>P</em>-value of 0.001. Seasonal trends indicate that LSD peaks during the wet months from September to December and is low in cold dry period from March to May. Among the forecasting methodologies evaluated, the SARIMA (1, 1, 1) (0, 2, 3) [12] model was best fit its counterparts, as reflected by the lowest RMSE, MA, and MASE, suggesting enhanced forecast accuracy for LSD outbreaks from 2023 to 2027. These findings provided valuable insights into the dynamics of the disease and can inform the development of effective LSD control and prevention strategies in the study zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}