Veterinary and Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Pedicle screw-Rod implantation as an external fixation method for tibial osteotomy in a canine model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in minimally invasive osteosynthesis have improved atraumatic techniques for bone fracture fixation. Pedicle screws are implants primarily used for the internal fixation of the spine. To our knowledge, no studies have assessed the use of Pedicle screw-Rod for fixing long bone fractures or osteotomies. Our study aimed to assess the efficiency and performance of this implant as an external fixation method for experimentally induced tibial fractures, offering a novel surgical approach to tibial fixation. With approval from the Institutional Animal Care Committee, eight healthy, intact male dogs weighing 20–22 kg and aged 10–12 months of mixed breeds underwent aseptic surgical fixation of tibial osteotomies with Pedicle screw-Rod configuration using a minimally invasive medial approach to the tibia. All dogs were placed in the single treatment group. Postoperative clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed. The fixation device functioned effectively until removal. Lameness was fully resolved in all animals by 21 days post-operation. Clinical union occurred at 5.80 ± 1.30 weeks, while complete bone union was achieved at 11.40 ± 1.51 weeks after surgery. Postoperative mechanical medial proximal and distal tibial angles were, 92.00° (92.00°, 91.50°) and 93.40° ± 1.14°, respectively. The tibial valgus was 5.20° ± 1.48°, and tibial plateau angles measured 22.00° (23.00°, 22.00°). There were no significant differences noted when comparing values before and after the operation. Postoperative rotational alignment was anatomical, with satisfactory bone apposition. The study found that using a Pedicle Screw-Rod configuration for non-articular tibial osteotomy fixation is effective without significant complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Firework aversion in cats and dogs as reported by Dutch animal owners","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Firework (noise) aversion is seen in cats and dogs relatively often and comes with a risk of animal welfare impairment. Affected animals may show behaviours like freezing, hiding, fleeing, but also inappropriate elimination, loss of appetite and (social) withdrawal. In The Netherlands, firework regulation has been a much-debated topic and we aimed to provide insight into how owners in this country report on their cat's or dog's firework aversion. We gathered reports on 3,009 dogs’ and 622 cats’ firework-related behaviours, exposure, animal (early life) characteristics and owner (dis)agreement with statements relating to firework aversion and animal guidance. We hypothesized that 1) suboptimal early life factors come with higher prevalence of firework aversion and 2) owners that report less firework aversion for their animal, agree more to the statement that owner behaviour affects an animal's future reactions to firework. Our findings confirm the first hypothesis for dogs and the second hypothesis for both species. Firework affects Dutch cats, dogs and their owners not just on New Year's Eve, but for multiple months a year: 64 % of the owners heard firework noise from September onwards. Suboptimal early life factors, of for instance not being noise habituated as a young animal came with higher prevalence of firework fear for dogs, but not cats and habituating particularly kittens seemed uncommon (4 % of kittens). Advice seeking was more common for dogs (54 %) than cats (23 %) with firework aversion. For both species reporting of lasting effects of therapeutic interventions was uncommon. &lt;30 % of the most often applied interventions were reported to have a lasting mitigating effect on firework aversion. This may indicate a high importance of hereditary and early life preventive measures, but our respondents were not in high agreement with statements reflecting such importance. Although our study presents associative evidence only and was based on owner report, not on direct animal observations, we present attention points for future studies. One such attention point is a seemingly low awareness of the lifelong influence of an animal's early life factors. Studying how such awareness affects people that opt for a puppy or kitten as to facilitate acquisition decisions that may or may not come with firework resilient animals, may ultimately benefit animals that were in this study seen to experience firework aversion for multiple months a year, with limited long-term effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on subcutaneous infection model of colibacillosis in broilers: Selected immunological and hematological aspects","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colibacillosis is still a major challenge to poultry industry. This study examined selected immune and hematological features of broilers experimentally infected with <em>E. coli</em> via subcutaneous (sc) route. Fifty-one 5-week-old chickens were randomly assigned to three groups: two controls (NC and SCC) and one experimental (SC) group. The SC group was inoculated by O2 <em>E. coli</em> suspension via sc route in the inguinal region. Three days after inoculation, blood sampling was performed. Bacterial count of liver was determined. Histopathological samples of liver, lung, spleen, thymus, and bursa were also collected. Serum total protein and globulin significantly increased in birds of SC group as compared to control birds (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Birds in SC group also showed decreased albumin/globulin ratio. Serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ remained statistically the same among groups. Lymphocytosis, monocytosis, thrombocytosis and heterophilia were present in SC group. Heterophils/lymphocytes ratio increased in SC birds. Left shift was observed in SC group with cells showing vacuolated cytoplasm that contained toxic granules. Histologically, lung involvement was less severe than liver. Lymphoid depletion was present in all examined lymphoid organs. <em>E. coli</em> growth was observed in liver samples from SC group but not in control birds. In conclusion, using sc route for induction of colibacillosis was associated with a systemic inflammatory response in broilers and histopathological lesions of thymus, bursa, and spleen three days post-infection. It seems that detection of changes in serum cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ) should be performed in earlier hours of the disease in this model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocardiogram assessment in long-eared hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus) following administration of anesthetics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anesthesia in animals is a crucial requirement for conducting surgery, diagnostic imaging, and other procedures when the animal cannot be safely managed in a conscious state. The present study aimed to compare the impact of different anesthetic techniques on the electrocardiogram of hedgehogs. The animals were given three different anesthetic combinations: ketamine + xylazine, ketamine + diazepam, and ketamine + midazolam. The study measured the heart rate, duration, and amplitude of the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave through bipolar II derivations. Normal sinus rhythm was observed following induction by all anaesthetic combinations; however, the combination of ketamine and xylazine resulted in a significant decrease in heart rate. The P wave was positive with different combinations of anesthetics. The mean amplitude of the P wave in hedgehogs anesthetized using ketamine+xylazine was significantly lower than when using ketamine+diazepam and ketamine+midazolam. The QRS polarity was positive in leads I, II, and aVF after anesthesia induced by all combinations. The duration and amplitude of the QRS complexes did not differ significantly between all combinations. Hedgehogs anesthetized with ketamine+midazolam revealed the highest amplitude of the QRS (0.23 mv), while in the ketamine+diazepam anesthetized group, lowest amplitude (0.18 mv) was observed. The T wave was positive in all leads except leads III and aVR. Animals anesthetized with ketamine + xylazine had the lowest amplitude (0.117 mv) and the longest duration (0.08 s) of the T waves. The findings suggest that ketamine+midazolam is the choice combination based on ECG evaluation in hedgehogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142533493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbohydrase enzyme and polyethylene glycol altered the chemical composition, growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility of Prosopis juliflora pods meal diets fed to Boschveld chicken breed","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was designed to evaluate how treating <em>Prosopis juliflora</em> pods with polyethylene glycol and carbohydrase enzyme will affect its chemical composition and how the inclusion of treated <em>P. juliflora</em> pods in Boschveld chicken's diets will affect growth performance and nutrient digestibility. Before <em>P. juliflora</em> pods were administrated to the diets, they were pre-treated with enzyme, PEG and a combination of both and analysed for their nutrient content. Five diets, namely PJPM1: commercial standard pullet grower diet as a control; PJPM2: commercial standard grower diet with untreated 30 % of <em>P. juliflora</em>; PJPM3: commercial standard grower diet with PEG treated 30 % of <em>P. juliflora</em>; PJPM4: commercial standard grower diet with carbohydrase enzyme treated 30 % of <em>P. juliflora</em>; PJPM5: commercial standard grower diet with PEG and carbohydrase enzyme treated 30 % of <em>P. juliflora</em>. A total of 300 six-week-old Boschveld chickens were used in this trial. After 42 days of feeding trial, three Boschveld chickens per replicate (<em>n</em> = 90) were randomly selected for the determination of nutrient digestibility. Results on the chemical composition of raw <em>P. juliflora</em> pods meal, pre-treated with enzyme, PEG and combination of both show significant difference (<em>P &lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>) in CP, Ash, NDF, CF, EE, Hemicellulose, NFC and NFE. Only overall feed intake shows significant different (<em>P &lt;</em> <em>0.05</em>) in all dietary treatments and all the measured parameters of nutrient digestibility. Enzyme and PEG positively contribute to the chemical composition, growth performance, and nutrient digestibility of diets containing <em>P. juliflora</em> fed to Boschveld chickens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Quercetin on behavior, performance and splenic immunity in broiler chickens","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quercetin (QRT), a potent flavonoid, holds immense mechanistic potential in enhancing various aspects of broiler chicken physiological status. This comprehensive study explores the profound еffеcts of QRT on behavior, productive performance, and immune functions, unraveling the underlying mechanisms behind its efficacy. Four hundred, one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks were placed randomly into 4 supplementation groups (100 birds /group and five replicates) and provided diets enriched with varying concentrations of QRT (0, 200, 400, and 600 ppm) for six weeks. Visual scanning revealed significant (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) improvements in feeding and body care behaviors, accompanied by reduced instances of idleness and walking in the QRT-supplemented groups. Moreover, QRT supplementation exerted a substantial (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) positive influence on weight gain, feed intake and the final body weight of the broilers. In-depth evaluation of immune parameters, QRT supplementation elicited significant (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) enhancements in immune functions, including improved spleen, thymus, and bursa indices, enhanced secretion of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin A (IgA), and stimulated humoral immunity against sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). Furthermore, QRT displays potent antioxidant properties, as showed by diminished splenic malondialdehyde levels and augmented activity of antioxidative stress enzymes. Remarkably, QRT supplementation elicited dose-dependent upregulation (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) of key immune-related genes, such as intеrlеukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (INF-γ), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the splenic tissue. Collectively, these mechanistic insights underscore the profound impact of QRT as a functional feed additive, fostering enhanced behavior, performance, and immune function in broiler chickens, while delivering robust antioxidant fortification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000656/pdfft?md5=eb1b4694f04c49c31b188da40b82edb9&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000656-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of essential oils and chlorhexidine against planktonic and biofilm-forming cells of Malassezia pachydermatis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Malassezia</em> (<em>M.</em>) <em>pachydermatis</em>, is often associated with secondary infection of the skin and external auditory canal in dogs and cats. The treatment of <em>Malassezia</em> infections is based on the local application of antifungals often combined with antiseptics. Due to increased resistance of yeast to commonly used antimycotics, especially in biofilm-forming cells, the use of natural substances, e.g. plant essential oils, appears as a new promised option. In this study, the efficacy of selected plant essential oils (EO) – oregano, rosemary, bergamot, clove, cinnamon, and thyme – in combination with chlorhexidine on both planktonic and biofilm-forming cells of <em>M. pachydermatis</em>, was investigated. The checkerboard test was used to determine the effect of chlorhexidine combined with individual EOs. According to the FICI (fractional inhibitory concentration index) in planktonic cells, most combinations showed additive effect, except for thyme and rosemary EO, where a synergistic effect was found (33.3 % and 16.7 % respectively). In the biofilm-forming cells, a synergistic effect was noted in chlorhexidine combined with bergamot EO, recorded in 6 isolates (33.3 %), and with thyme and oregano EO, detected in 3 isolates (16.7 %). A significant decrease (<em>p</em> ˂ 0.05) was found in FIC (fractional inhibitory concentration) compared to MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), for both planktonic and biofilm-forming cells. Based on the obtained results, we can conclude that the combination of chlorhexidine with EOs achieved better efficiency than when using each agent alone and made it possible to reduce the concentration of both, and a sufficient antifungal and antibiofilm effect was achieved in <em>M. pachydermatis</em> strains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000644/pdfft?md5=7e23900a327a20d0bbd2208efb9350c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000644-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin A, D3, E, and garlic on heat detection, pregnancy rate, and serum profile in anestrus dairy cows","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anestrus poses substantial challenges for dairy industries worldwide. This research aims to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with garlic alone, vitamins A, D₃, E alone, and their combination on heat detection, pregnancy rate and serum profile in anestrus dairy cows. Using a completely randomized design, this study, conducted over 327 days, evaluated 72 anestrus-affected cows, which were divided into four groups. T₀ (Control) received only normal saline; T₁ with vitamin A,D₃,E; T₂ with Garlic and T₃ integrated with A, D₃, <em>E</em> + Garlic in drinking water. Results demonstrated that the treatment groups exhibited significantly higher estrus signs (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to the control. The pregnancy rate was also increased (<em>P</em> = 0.059), especially in the T₃ group which had the highest heat detection (55.55 %), conception (70 %), and pregnancy (38.88 %). In comparison, the heat detection rate for T₁ was 44.44 %, while the conception rate for T₂ was 66.66 %. Additionally, T₀ exhibited the least proportion across all parameters. Additionally, the elevated BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) and blood glucose levels observed in non-responsive (those not showing signs of heat) cows at 32.51 and 43.65 mg/dl respectively, compared to responsive cows (those showing signs of heat) with levels of 22.40 and 51.34 mg/dl. These findings suggest a potential association between these blood parameters and the cyclicity of dairy cows. These findings highlight that oral supplementation with vitamin AD₃E+Garlic significantly improves the heat detection rate and pregnancy rate than only administering vitamin AD₃E or Garlic with anestrus in dairy cattle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000632/pdfft?md5=7ab2cbad73cc20494967d47fcb40622b&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000632-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142173523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of green tea dust as a dietary additive and anthelminthic on performance, digestibility, and fecal egg counts in Priangan ewe lambs infected with Strongyles worms","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite green tea dust (GTD) is a by-product of green tea fabrication, it has the potential as natural additive and anthelmintic in ruminant diets due to its high protein and bioactive contents. This study aimed to compare the effect of 3 different doses [0% (control), 0.75% (GTD-0.75), and 1.5% (GTD-1.5)] of GTD supplementation on dry matter intake (DMI, g/kg DM), average daily gain (ADG, g/kg DM), nutrient digestibility (%), and fecal egg counts (FEC, eggs/g feces) of local ewe lambs infected with <em>Strongyles</em> worms during 84 days feeding trial using a completely randomized design and six replicates (<em>n</em> = 6). The results showed that all lamb groups decreased body weight; however, GTD-1.5 supplemented lambs tended (<em>P</em> = 0.061) to have better ADG at the end of the trial compared to the other groups. In addition, GTD-1.5 supplemented lambs had lower (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) FEC at day 42 and day 56 than those the control lambs. About 1.5% GTD supplementation in a diet has the potential as dietary additive and anthelmintic to maintain the productivity, health, and welfare in rearing lambs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000620/pdfft?md5=0fe530b967f1f797d849ea82b679535d&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000620-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Panax ginseng root meal as feed additive on reproductive performance of Cameroon kabir hens","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vas.2024.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Cameroon Kabir chicken has several production traits which makes it desirable by many farmers and hobbyists. This study was aimed at evaluating the potential of P. ginseng as a feed additive in the diet of Cameroon kabir hens reared under intensive conditions. A total of 84 kabir chickens were weighed and assigned to four dietary treatments. The birds in T0 were fed the control diet (0 % PGRM), while those in T1, T2, T3, were fed diets containing 0.5, 0.75 and 1 % PGRM respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the egg lay, egg mass and hen-day egg production of the birds between the 0.5 % and 0.75 % PGRM groups. The 0.75 % PGRM group recorded the highest mean egg weight, and it was significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) different from the other PGRM groups, but similar (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) to the control. There was also a significant difference (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the hatchability percent between the 0.5 % and 0.75 % treatments groups, with the 0.5 % group recording the highest hatchability percent of 65.14 %, and the 0.75 % group recording the least hatchability percent of 12.94 %. Results for the chick hatching weights showed significant differences (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) between the 0.75 % PGRM group and the control. In conclusion, <em>P. ginseng</em> as a feed additive in the diet of Cameroon kabir hens at 0.5 % improved their reproductive performance, and also improved the survivability of their offspring better but not in the number of eggs laid by chicks</p></div>","PeriodicalId":37152,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X24000590/pdfft?md5=36e29e1c6c59275df16c3f80aeeefe5c&pid=1-s2.0-S2451943X24000590-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142098910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}