V. Yuzhakov, Elena Dobrolyubova, A. Pokida, N. Zybunovskaya
{"title":"Результативность Контрольно-Надзорной Деятельности Глазами Бизнеса (Effectiveness of Control and Supervision Activities Through the Eyes of Business)","authors":"V. Yuzhakov, Elena Dobrolyubova, A. Pokida, N. Zybunovskaya","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3160588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3160588","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В работе представлены результаты социологического исследования по оценке результативности и эффективности наиболее массовых видов государственного контроля (надзора), проведенного Российской академией народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации в 2017 году среди представителей частных хозяйствующих субъектов. Итоги опроса позволяют оценить влияние контрольно-надзорной деятельности на безопасность и качество продукции, безопасность производственных процессов и связанный с государственным контролем (надзором) уровень административных издержек бизнеса. \u0000English Abstract: The paper presents the results of a sociological study on the effectiveness of the most massive types of state control (supervision) conducted by the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation in 2017 among representatives of private economic entities. The results of the survey make it possible to assess the impact of control and surveillance activities on the safety and quality of products, the safety of production processes and the level of administrative costs of business associated with state control (supervision).","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123684331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Кадровый резерв государственной гражданской службы как объект управления. (State Civil Service Personnel Reserve as a Control Object.)","authors":"Marina Apon","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3733953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3733953","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> [В статье рассмотрены основные теоретические аспекты формирования и управления кадровым резервом государственной гражданской службы. Показаны преимущества, которые государственные органы получают при формировании кадрового резерва. Характеризуя кадровый резерв как объект управления, автор дает описание распространенных в отечественной литературе подходов.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> In the article, the main theoretical aspects of the formation and management of the personnel reserve of the state civil service are considered. The advantages that state bodies receive when forming a personnel reserve are shown. Characterizing the personnel reserve as an object of management, the author gives a description of the approaches prevalent in the domestic literature.<br> <br>","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"16 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114033827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quasi-Markets: An Overview and Analysis","authors":"Paul A. Lewis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3032300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3032300","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the nature of quasi-markets and their significance for the delivery of public services. The nature of quasi-markets is outlined, along with the rationale for their use in the reform of the public services. That theoretical account is then complemented by more concrete discussions of example of quasi-markets, drawn from the United Kingdom. The conditions that must hold if quasi-markets are to be successful in improving efficiency in the public services are then considered, after which their implications for equity are explored.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132945215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entry into Exit: Insolvency in English Professional Football","authors":"Stefan Szymanski","doi":"10.1111/sjpe.12134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12134","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses a unique database of financial accounts for English football clubs between 1974 and 2010 to examine the process by which firms fail, which in this context means entering insolvency proceedings. From the data it is possible to estimate shocks to demand and productivity and to show that failing firms typically experience a series of negative shocks. This is consistent with the standard IO theory models of exit.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114793214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Lieberman, Suzanne Mettler, Thomas B. Pepinsky, Kenneth M. Roberts, Richard M. Valelly
{"title":"Trumpism and American Democracy: History, Comparison, and the Predicament of Liberal Democracy in the United States","authors":"R. Lieberman, Suzanne Mettler, Thomas B. Pepinsky, Kenneth M. Roberts, Richard M. Valelly","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3028990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3028990","url":null,"abstract":"In the eyes of many citizens, activists, pundits, and scholars, American democracy appears under threat. Concern about President Trump and the future of American politics may be found among both conservatives and progressives; among voters, activists, and elites; and among many scholars and analysts of American and comparative politics. What is the nature of the Trumpism as a political phenomenon? And how much confidence should we have at present in the capacity of American institutions to withstand this threat? \u0000In this essay, we argue that answering these questions and understanding what is uniquely threatening to democracy at the present moment requires looking beyond the contemporary particulars of Donald Trump and his presidency. Instead, it demands a historical and comparative perspective on American politics. Drawing on a range of insights from the fields of comparative politics and American political development, we argue that President Trump’s election in 2016 represents the intersection of three streams in American politics: polarized two-party presidentialism; a polity fundamentally divided over membership and status in the political community, in ways structured by race and economic inequality; and the erosion of democratic norms at the elite and mass levels. The current political circumstance is an existential threat to American democratic order because of the interactive effects of institutions, identity, and norm-breaking in American politics.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129424215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autocracy: Naked and Veiled","authors":"Slade Mendenhall","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3013751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3013751","url":null,"abstract":"This paper establishes an analytical framework for understanding the structure of autocratic institutions. It distinguishes between two ideal types of autocratic state structures: naked and veiled. In one incarnation, the institutional structure of the state makes no pretense of the autocrat’s omnipotence. In the other, the state is structured so as to give the appearance of a division of powers. Assessed from the standpoint of rational choice institutionalism, each is understood to emerge as a product of the constraints which autocrats face at the moment of state formation. Using the examples of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, the relative costs, benefits, and risks to autocrats of each model as well as differences in subsequent fiscal behavior are considered.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128094920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Simple Endogenous Growth Model with Endogenous Fertility and Environmental Concern","authors":"Simone Marsiglio","doi":"10.1111/sjpe.12125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12125","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the implications of endogenous fertility choices on both economic and environmental performances in a stylized AK-type growth model. Differently from what traditionally assumed in the growth and environment literature, we allow pollution to be not only a by-product of productive activities by firms but also a result of households’ behavior, as suggested by the celebrated IPAT equation. We show that along the balanced growth path equilibrium, economic growth may be non-monotonically related to the population growth rate as agents care for the environment; moreover, demographic policies can be used both to achieve win-win outcomes (simultaneously fostering economic growth and improving environmental quality) and to stabilize the otherwise non-monotonic economic and population growth relationship.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122890485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perspectives on Liberalisation","authors":"N. Dunne","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2969826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2969826","url":null,"abstract":"A near-ubiquitous concept in legal debates on contemporary approaches to market regulation and reform, liberalisation broadly speaking involves a transition from controlled to competitive markets. Yet for many, liberalisation implies not merely practical processes and legal instruments of economic reorganisation and governance, but moreover a higher-level conception of how markets fit within society, and thus how law might be deployed to achieve wider social and economic goals. This article explores the concept of liberalisation in both its technical and more-disputed normative dimensions, seeking to situate the latter within an understanding of the functioning — and limitations — of the former.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123611434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Industrial Policy, Information, and Government Capacity","authors":"William F. Maloney, Gaurav Nayyar","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-8056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8056","url":null,"abstract":"Governments are resource and bandwidth constrained, and hence need to prioritize productivity-enhancing policies. To do so requires information on the nature and magnitude of market failures on the one hand, and government’s capacity to redress them successfully on the other. The paper reviews perspectives on vertical (sectoral) and horizontal (factor markets, cluster) policies with an eye to both criteria. It first argues that the case for either cannot be made on the basis of the likelihood of successful implementation: for instance, educational and picking the winner types of policies both run the risks of capture and incompetent execution. However, the profession has been able to establish more convincing market failures for horizontal policies than for vertical policies. Most of the recent approaches to identifying failures around particular goods, the paper argues, are of limited help. Hence, for a given difficulty of execution, the former are generally to be preferred. A second critical message is that improving the quality of governance in terms of collecting information, coordination ability, and defending against capture is critical to successful implementation of productivity policies and should be central on the policy agenda.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116619074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assemblies Matter: Analyzing the Choice of Form of Government in Unstable Democracies","authors":"Stephan Michel","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2579573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2579573","url":null,"abstract":"What are the factors driving the choice of the form of government? So far, it has been argued that higher income inequality makes a parliamentarian system less likely. Using a rational-choice model and focusing on a set of assumptions that fits well with unstable democracies, this paper finds that the composition of the constitutional assembly does play a key role for the choice of form of government. Who holds the majority in the constitutional assembly has a strong effect on the choice of form of government, especially when the policy conflict within the society (measured by income inequality in the model presented here) is high. This finding supports the case for a stronger focus on institutional details.","PeriodicalId":369466,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy: Structure & Scope of Government eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131532227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}