Results in Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Algae cultivation systems integrated with photovoltaic cell: A systematic review","authors":"M.S.N. Atikah ,&nbsp;Razif Harun ,&nbsp;R.A. Ilyas ,&nbsp;Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim ,&nbsp;Victor Feizal Knight","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae species have recently been focused on biofuel production, such as biodiesel, bioethanol, and biohydrogen. These photosynthetic organisms are widely cultivated in photobioreactors and open ponds. Advances in the cultivation methods, e.g., the development of the open pond-photobioreactor hybrid system, floating, photobioreactor, open pond-photovoltaic, and photobioreactor-photovoltaic are aiming to overcome the limitations of both methods. Among the improvements achieved are lower energy cost due to lower dependency upon electricity from the grid, lesser greenhouse gas emissions, lower raw material cost due to lower evaporative water loss, higher algal biomass productivity, reduced biofouling, easier process control, and the ability of wastewater treatment. However, the systems are also limited by the variation in biomass productivity in different locations and environmental conditions. With further optimization studies, the environmental, economic, and energy aspects of open pond-photovoltaic and photobioreactor-photovoltaic systems can be improved. Overall, the open pond-photovoltaic system offers more diverse benefits than the photobioreactor-photovoltaic system. Nevertheless, both systems are practical for enhanced microalgae cultivation systems due to the fact that the quality, price, and product developments from both methods are different. This paper presents the development of modified open and closed algal cultivation systems, including the integration with photovoltaic cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106294"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing combustion efficiency and emission reduction in low temperature combustion engines using biodiesel-nano additive alcohol blends: A review","authors":"C. Vijai ,&nbsp;Dinesh Babu M ,&nbsp;Naresh Babu M ,&nbsp;Sathiyamoorthi R ,&nbsp;Sathyanarayanan S ,&nbsp;Sathya V ,&nbsp;KamakshiPriya K ,&nbsp;Habtamu Alemayehu","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing levels of harmful emissions and the depletion of fossil fuel resources have sparked global interest in biodiesel as an alternative fuel. This review explores the potential of biodiesel derived from non-edible resources and waste products, enhanced by nano-additives and higher alcohol fuels, to support Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) engine technologies. Nano-additives like titanium dioxide and magnesium oxide enhance fuel properties, while higher alcohols reduce soot and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Advanced combustion modes are used to minimize nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate emissions. This review underscores the significant role of biodiesel with additives in enhancing lower combustion, although Low temperature combustion engines demand advanced control over fuel composition and combustion conditions for optimal performance. Effective strategies like Exhaust Gas recirculation (EGR) and Variable Injection Timing helps in controlling the harmful emission levels in LTC Engines. EGR reduces NOx emissions but increases HC and CO beyond 30 %. Early injection rates (before 23° BTDC) increased NOx, while late injection (after 27° BTDC) increases HC and CO. Combining EGR (15–25 %) with optimized injection timing (23°-27° BTDC) provides the best emission control in LTC engines. Hence Blending biodiesel, alcohols, and nano-additives helps to reduce emissions in LTC engines. It was found that Higher alcohols improve combustion efficiency, reduce NOx &amp; PM, but increase CO &amp; HC at high blends while with addition of Nanoparticles optimization of combustion, lower emissions, and enhancement of thermal efficiency are achieved. n-Pentanol and Copper Oxide (CuO) were found to be better Alcohol and Nanoparticle additive with respect to High energy content, Better Volatility and Stability, enhanced combustion and Emission control. Within the LTC strategies RCCI was found to be best with respect to maximum thermal efficiency, lower emissions, superior load adaptability which is a concern in HCCI and PCCI modes and fuel flexibility to be used in a wide range of fuel combinations to optimize combustion efficiency, emissions, and performance. However, trade off exists between NOx and HC levels even with enhanced combustion which can be controlled with optimized combustion chamber design, optimized fuel injection system with proper Air Fuel Ratio and after treatment systems like SCR and DPF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Fusion Arc Welding of Aluminum Matrix Composites: Challenges, Mechanisms, and Advancements","authors":"Sefrian Rizki Bintoro,&nbsp;Eko Surojo,&nbsp;Nurul Muhayat,&nbsp;Triyono","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum Matrix Composites (AMCs) offer superior mechanical and tribological properties, making them attractive for advanced structural applications. However, challenges in joining techniques, especially fusion arc welding, hinder their broader industrial use. Fusion arc welding of AMCs, particularly using Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), faces major challenges due to interfacial reactions, porosity, and reinforcement agglomeration. This review evaluates recent strategies to improve weld quality, emphasizing nano-composite filler metals, weld parameter optimization, and post-weld heat treatments. Composite fillers reinforced with TiB₂, TiC, graphene, and high-entropy alloys (HEAs) significantly enhance tensile strength and hardness through grain refinement, Orowan looping, and thermal mismatch strengthening. Among these, HEA-based fillers (10 wt%) demonstrate the best performance, achieving 410 MPa UTS and 22% strain. Post-weld aging and homogenization further improve microstructural uniformity and mechanical properties. Innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI)-based process optimization and hybrid welding are also discussed. This review provides a mechanistic synthesis of recent advancements and identifies promising pathways for overcoming critical welding challenges in AMCs, thus serving as a valuable reference for future research and industrial implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106257"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on non-conventional machining of Nickel-Titanium alloys: Techniques and surface integrity","authors":"Nitish Kumar ,&nbsp;Gaurav Nandan ,&nbsp;Subhash Chand ,&nbsp;Ashwini Kumar ,&nbsp;Jayant Giri ,&nbsp;Eman Ramadan Elsharkawy","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) are widely used in biomedical implants, aerospace structures, and precision robotics due to their unique properties such as pseudo-elasticity, shape memory effect (SME), and corrosion resistance. However, their poor machinability limits the use of conventional techniques. This review critically evaluates major non-conventional machining (NCM) processes, including WEDM, EDM, ECM, laser-based, and hybrid techniques, with a focus on their influence on surface integrity, material removal rate (MRR), and electrode-tool interaction. The analysis reveals that while WEDM and EDM are popular, they often compromise SME due to thermal effects, whereas ECM and ECAM offer superior surface finish with minimal thermal damage. Notably, molybdenum electrodes reduce surface contamination, enhancing suitability for biomedical applications. The study provides actionable insights for selecting and optimizing NCM processes tailored for high-performance NiTi SMA components in medical, aerospace, and micro-mechanical systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106231"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review on blockchain-based energy trading in a decentralized transactive energy system: Opportunities, complexities, strategic challenges, research directions","authors":"Oluwaseun O. Tooki,&nbsp;Olawale M. Popoola","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current hike in electricity demand, deterioration of electrical grids, and climatic conditions have necessitated the push for technology to enhance energy efficiency, optimize energy usage, and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. The Transactive Energy System (TES) is a highly favoured technology designed to provide solutions for optimizing energy usage since it incorporates economic and dynamic control mechanisms to balance the amount of energy generated and supplied. Cost savings present a clear advantage of TES for consumers, translating to reduced bills, and the platform enables customers with Distributed Energy Resources to trade their excess energy, transforming consumers into prosumers. However, energy trading in TES comes with challenges such as maintaining a dynamic balance between supply and demand, as well as issues of privacy, trust, and resilience. Blockchain Technology (BT)-based TES can address these challenges due to its reliability, transaction transparency, and robust encryption methods. However, BT has its shortcomings that need to be addressed. Therefore, this research analyzes the opportunities, limitations, challenges, and complexities of implementing blockchain-based energy trading platforms within a decentralized TES. This review adopted a systematic approach, known as the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, to provide in-depth insights into the review purpose, methodology, findings, recommendations, and future research directions. It was observed from the review that certain challenges underscore the necessity for standardization in BT-based TES implementation. Moreover, it was discovered that decentralizing the TES energy trading infrastructure promotes energy democracy and that adopting fast computing techniques will facilitate digital and intelligent operations in TES. It was also found that the Directed Acyclic Graph-based distributed ledger may soon replace generic blockchain, as it can simultaneously process large micro-transactions in P2P networks. It is observed that implementing a peer rating mechanism in the energy trading network will enhance participants' commitment to their reputational standing in the market, while adapting analytical modelling for performance evaluation of this energy solution could equally be encouraged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106237"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green, blue, and turquoise hydrogen: A review of production technologies and sustainability","authors":"M Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;S A Srinivasan ,&nbsp;M. Vichitra ,&nbsp;Amith S C ,&nbsp;N. Beemkumar ,&nbsp;Ritesh Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;Kamakshi Priya K","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global transition toward sustainable energy systems has intensified interest in hydrogen as a clean, efficient, and flexible energy carrier. While hydrogen research spans decades, its strategic importance has recently surged due to its role in decarbonizing sectors such as industry, transportation, and power. This review comprehensively analyzes the production pathways and storage strategies of green, blue, and turquoise hydrogen, which together contribute to over 50 % of the world’s hydrogen output. Green hydrogen, produced via water electrolysis using renewable energy, is witnessing rapid advancements—with alkaline and PEM electrolyzers achieving efficiencies above 65 % and projected cost reductions to USD 1.5–2.0 per kg by 2030. Blue hydrogen, derived from natural gas reforming with carbon capture, offers carbon intensity reductions of up to 85 % when capture rates exceed 90 %, but faces challenges related to CO₂ storage and lifecycle emissions. Turquoise hydrogen, via methane pyrolysis, is gaining traction due to its lower CO₂ footprint and valuable carbon co-product, with pilot-scale reactors now achieving hydrogen yields above 60 %. In addition to production, the review discusses key developments in hydrogen storage technologies, particularly composite high-pressure tanks (Type 3 and 4), capable of storing hydrogen at pressures up to 700 bar with improved gravimetric capacity. This work integrates recent technological trends (2022–2024), energy efficiencies, and lifecycle assessments to provide a detailed and up-to-date comparison. It further outlines the readiness levels and deployment challenges, offering a critical reference for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and researchers aiming to integrate hydrogen into clean energy strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106238"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric ice accretion emergency events management: Power distribution networks","authors":"Ali Nouri Qarahasanlou,&nbsp;Javad Barabady,&nbsp;Abbas Barabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As climate change intensifies, extreme weather events—such as heatwaves, floods, and atmospheric icing—pose growing threats to critical infrastructure systems. Power distribution networks in cold regions are particularly vulnerable to Atmospheric Icing Accretion Emergency Events (AIAEEs), which can trigger mechanical failures, electrical faults, and prolonged outages. To address these complex disruptions effectively, both crisis management and resilience assessment must be combined into a unified strategy. Integrating these two concepts within a single framework ensures that immediate emergency responses are supported by long-term adaptability and system robustness. This paper presents a structured roadmap for managing AIAEEs, which guides system operators through four key phases: early detection, risk assessment, coordinated response, and post-event evaluation. It emphasizes preparedness, adaptive decision-making, and continuous learning, supported by collaboration among grid operators, emergency responders, and local authorities. The roadmap introduces multi-layered strategies—including ethical, organizational, and technical dimensions—using the “Onion Model” to manage different types of uncertainty. This study focuses primarily on the technical layer, operationalized through a detailed master plan. The master plan includes detection mechanisms, risk evaluation, action implementation, and performance evaluation. A more detailed vision is provided through its field implementation, illustrated with real-world applications in Arctic regions. It combines preventive actions, real-time adaptation, and structured post-event learning. This comprehensive approach equips infrastructure operators to anticipate and mitigate AIAEE impacts, enhancing recovery and long-term resilience. By aligning technical actions with evolving climate risks and operational realities, the roadmap offers a practical path forward for safeguarding energy systems in harsh environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106162"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of fault-tolerant control system in the design of wind turbine generation systems: A comprehensive review and future prospects","authors":"Arslan Ahmed Amin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Irfan ,&nbsp;Turki Alsuwian ,&nbsp;Saifur Rahman ,&nbsp;Ansa Mubarak ,&nbsp;Saba Waseem","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind Turbine Generation Systems (WTGS) are widely acknowledged as a key pillar of the renewable power generation sector, while availability and efficiency are among the main issues, particularly those related to faults within systems that reduce performance and increase maintenance costs. This paper aims to provide a literature review of Fault-Tolerant Control Systems (FTCS) in WTGS, specifically addressing methods that can enhance system reliability, decrease maintenance expenses, and increase the rate of overall energy generation. The review discusses passive, active, and hybrid FTCS strategies alongside new technology like Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC), with active fault-tolerant control techniques showing a high level of fault detection and tolerance, especially in offshore wind turbines. Key findings highlight the effectiveness of FTCS as a real-time system for fault detection, isolation, and compensation to meet continuously varying and unpredictable conditions to maintain a stable power generation system. Emerging trends like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and hybrid fault-tolerant approaches are also outlined to show possibilities for future developments. The review also discusses the relevant research gaps and future works, such as using computational algorithms to develop novel material and implementing the utilization of digital twins to improve fault management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational paradigm for Mg-Li alloy innovation: Decoding atomic doping mechanisms for targeted property enhancement","authors":"Wei Cheng ,&nbsp;Ben Jia ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Dong ,&nbsp;Zhengying Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Wan ,&nbsp;Zhuo Liu ,&nbsp;Heyuan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium (Mg) - Lithium (Li) alloys are the world's lightest alloys and thus have great application potential in the field of lightweight materials. Alloy element doping is a key strategy to enhance the thermomechanical properties of Mg-Li alloys, and first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) have become an important means to explore the doping strengthening mechanism. However, most existing studies adopt a top-down analysis approach, and the explanation of the strengthening mechanism of doped atoms is still shallow, failing to fully leverage the economic and efficiency advantages of computer-aided technology. This work systematically sorts out the core role of DFT in explaining the strengthening mechanism of metals, and through the construction of theoretical models and simulation calculations, reveals the electronic structure and chemical bond change rules at the atomic scale; it focuses on reviewing how DFT has helped to analyze the influence mechanisms of different doped elements on the crystal structure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of Mg-Li alloys during their development process; and it discusses the application of DFT in the functional design of Mg-Li alloys. The research points out that the current application of DFT has limitations such as insufficient multi-scale coupling analysis and lagging experimental verification. Therefore, it is proposed to combine molecular dynamics simulation and high-throughput computing to provide theoretical support for the precise design and industrial application of doping strengthening of Mg-Li alloys, which has important scientific significance and practical value for promoting the development of the lightweight materials field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106173"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144604589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of tidal traffic flow control: From conventional lane reversal to emerging internal boundary control","authors":"Milad Malekzadeh ,&nbsp;Mehdi Naderi ,&nbsp;Fengyue Jin ,&nbsp;Klaus Bogenberger ,&nbsp;Yibing Wang ,&nbsp;Markos Papageorgiou","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The domain of traffic control presents a wide scope of research, attractive not only for its practical applications but also for its theoretical implications. The subject of this research has been the focus of worldwide investigation for several decades, resulting in ongoing challenges and opportunities for researchers and engineers in control systems. One particularly interesting case arises when, over the course of a day, there is an imbalance in the traffic flow between two opposing directions of travel. A reversible lane control system may be the solution to alleviate congestion and improve traffic flow in this scenario. The application of reversible lane systems to mitigate traffic congestion and improve mobility has been a global practice since the 1930s, encompassing various road types. This research area, developed over recent decades by numerous international research groups, presents ongoing challenges and opportunities, thus inspiring the transportation engineering community. The rapid progress in autonomous and connected vehicle technology signals a transformative period for road traffic. In this context, it would be beneficial to conduct a comprehensive survey of established lane reversal control methods for traffic networks. This initiative would provide researchers with valuable resources to effectively address the challenges of future traffic management. Recent advancements in traffic control, such as static and dynamic lane reversal and the innovative internal boundary control for the lane-free paradigm, are reviewed in this paper, focusing on bidirectional capacity sharing. Furthermore, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis has been conducted and included in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106198"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}