Results in Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in grid resilience: Recent innovations in AI-driven solutions","authors":"Sana Hafez ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alkhedher ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ramadan ,&nbsp;Abdalla Gad ,&nbsp;Marah Alhalabi ,&nbsp;Maha Yaghi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Jama ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ghazal","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to increasing complexities in modern power grids posed by the integration of smart grids, smart meters, microgrids, Renewable Energy Resources (RERs), and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), there has been a growing emphasis on leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) to enhance the resilience of power grids. In recent years, there has been several advancements in employing various AI methodologies such as Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), and Reinforcement Learning (RL) for dealing with the challenges caused by climate change, cybersecurity threats, and evolving energy demands. The applications of AI can span across different aspects of grid resilience, including fault detection and diagnosis, predictive maintenance, optimal resource allocation, demand-side management, and cyber resilience. This review provides an overview of the recent advancements in implementing AI to enhance grid resilience. It discusses the challenges and future directions for research and development in this rapidly evolving field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 105042"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on control momentum gyroscopic stabilization for intelligent balance assistance in electric two-wheeler","authors":"Prithvi Raj Pedapati,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar Chidambaram","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.105069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On a global scale, powered two-wheelers have witnessed a remarkable trend in the automotive sector. This surge is significantly higher in developing countries with diverse traffic conditions, resulting in a significant increase in accidents and fatalities. While safety, advancements, and assisting features in four-wheelers have reduced accidents over the past decade, similar advancements in two-wheelers are still in the research stage due to their dynamic complexity. The review analytically presented the two-wheeler stabilization using a Control Momentum Gyroscope to enhance the vehicle stability and support the integration of Intelligent Assisting Systems. Various gyroscopic configurations and advanced control methods for passive and active stabilization are comprehensively presented for effectiveness in connection with assisting systems through Intelligent Balance Assistance. However, their high energy consumption, assistances in maneuverability, and adaptability limits their application in the real-world. By addressing these research gaps, this review outlined the model for sensor fusion, intelligent control schemes, vehicle networking, and communication technologies to develop a smart two-wheeler assistance with varying road conditions. The novelty of this study lies in analytically presenting the stabilization mechanism, quantitative results with case studies, and future direction to introduce networking and communication system to electric two wheelers to reduce the vulnerability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 105069"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commercial bifacial silicon solar cells - Characteristics, module topology and passivation techniques for high electrical output: An overview","authors":"KL Vincent Joseph ,&nbsp;NT Mary Rosana ,&nbsp;J. Aravind Kumar ,&nbsp;Antony V Samrot","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review article examines the development of bifacial solar cells and their present commercial architectures. This involves analyzing the historical development and evaluating commercial bifacial silicon solar cell technologies upon comparing the manufacturing cost of bifacial silicon solar cells with monofacial cells. The manufacturing cost remains unchanged, and efficiencies close to the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limits are achieved. The increase in the bifacial silicon solar cells is due to the reduction in silicon wafer thickness and the increase in the transparency of the panels. Under better albedo and proper mounting angles, a typical bifacial solar panel is expected to show 50% more power conversion efficiency than the monofacial counterpart. Bifacial silicon solar cells are monofacial cells with a back surface opened with a dielectric passivated layer, and a polymer back cover is replaced with a transparent sheet. This results in no further manufacturing costs for the bifacial panels. The commercial bifacial silicon module technology is based on Passivated Emitter and Rear Contact+ (PERC⁺), <em>p</em>-type Passivated Emitter Rear Locally Diffused (<em>p</em>-PERL), <em>n</em>-type Passivated Emitter Rear Contact (<em>n</em>-PERC), <em>n</em>-type Passivated Emitter and Rear diffused (<em>n</em>-PERT), <em>n</em>-type Passivated Emitter and Rear Locally diffused (<em>n</em>-PERL), heterojunction (HJC), Interdigitated-Back-Contact (IBC) and Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon) cells with efficiencies are close to theoretical limits by single thin film cell. The benefits gained through higher power efficiencies result in the exact levelized cost of electricity, which is the same as that of the monofacial panels, and the gain is transferred to the consumers. Moreover, common factors are reducing the thickness of the silicon wafers and bringing more transparency to the panels. Further research and optimization can improve the bifacial cell performance and efficiencies. The bifacial solar cells will play a key role in transforming net-zero carbon goals with greater efficiencies without adding extra cost to the solar panels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104971"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy pathways utilizing extended producer responsibility and eco-modulation frameworks for sustainable food packaging waste management in India: A review","authors":"Amrita Dey,&nbsp;Denis Ashok S","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the growing concerns surrounding food packaging waste, India still lacks a well-defined and effectively enforced policy framework to tackle this issue. Multilayered packaging, constituting 35 % of total packaging in India, is currently deemed unrecyclable due to its complex structure and is currently landfilled. While countries like the UK, Belgium, France, Italy, and Canada have successfully implemented measures such as landfill taxes and \"pay-as-you-throw\" policies, India has yet to establish strict regulations and economic incentives to promote sustainable waste management. The absence of strong Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) enforcement, inadequate eco-modulation strategies, and limited consumer incentives such as reduced GST on recycled products or rewards for eco-conscious practices highlight the urgent need for India to bridge this policy gap and adopt a more structured approach towards a circular economy. Strengthening of regulatory frameworks and a collaborative approach involving the government, producers, informal sector, and consumers is essential for developing an efficient waste management system. Through this review, we aim to highlight successful global strategies and motivate the adoption of similar policies in India to mitigate the growing environmental threat posed by food packaging waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104885"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermomechanical dynamics and statistical optimization in bone drilling: A systematic review on mitigating thermal necrosis through multiscale modeling and clinical validation","authors":"Reza Saeidi Abueshaghi ,&nbsp;Farbod Setoudeh ,&nbsp;Vahid Tahmasbi","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review advances the field of bone drilling by synthesizing thermomechanical dynamics, computational modeling, and clinical validation into a cohesive framework for minimizing thermal necrosis and mechanical trauma. Diverging from prior studies that isolate thermal or mechanical factors, this work quantifies nonlinear interactions among drill geometry (point angle, helix angle, diamond coatings), operational parameters (feed rate: 10–50 <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, rotational speed: 500–2500 RPM), and bone heterogeneity (cortical bone) through advanced sensitivity analyses (Sobol indices, E-FAST) and multiscale predictive models (±5 % accuracy). By synthesizing data from 152 studies, this review proposes a patient-specific protocol matrix validated across diverse bone types. Key findings include the identification of optimal thresholds and hybrid cooling strategies, which collectively reduce thermal necrosis risk by 22–30 %. While AI-driven multi-objective optimization is briefly explored for dynamic parameter adaptation, the core focus lies in statistical methodologies and multiscale simulations (FEM/CFD) to enhance predictive precision. The study underscores the need for standardized surgical protocols and provides a roadmap for improving clinical outcomes through robust thermomechanical control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104923"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of ZrB2 on the Tribomechanical Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composites: A Review","authors":"Aravind Kumar Kuppusamy,&nbsp;Sundaramali Govindaswamy","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) exhibit excellent properties, including low density, high specific stiffness and strength, thermal stability, electromagnetic shielding, and superior wear resistance. They are commonly reinforced with SiC, Al₂O₃, TiB₂, TiC, and B₄C. However, ZrB₂-reinforced aluminium composites remain less explored despite their promising characteristics. ZrB₂ possesses exceptional properties, making Al-ZrB₂ composites suitable for aerospace, automotive, and engine applications. This review comprehensively analyzes ZrB₂ reinforcement, covering fabrication methods, preferred processing techniques, and the optimal ZrB₂ content for enhanced composite performance. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the influence of fabrication methods, ZrB₂ percentage, and process parameters on the mechanical and wear properties of AMCs. It also discusses the underlying strengthening mechanisms contributing to improved mechanical and tribological characteristics. This review is a valuable reference for optimizing Al-ZrB₂ composite fabrication and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104943"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated image-based condition assessment of the built environment: A state-of-the-art investigation of damage characteristics and detection requirements","authors":"Leila Farahzadi ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Odeh ,&nbsp;Mahdi Kioumarsi ,&nbsp;Behrouz Shafei","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspection activities are intended to detect damage, informing subsequent maintenance and repair actions. Considering the difficulties and limitations associated with traditional inspection methods, there have been growing interests in utilizing image processing and computer vision strategies. Despite several developments, however, the state of the practice still lacks necessary insights on how such advanced strategies should be utilized to realize their expected benefits, in terms of ease, coverage, and accuracy. Considering this critical gap, the current study systematically investigated various types of damage and how they can be evaluated in a condition assessment framework. For the automated detection, localization, and measurement of damage, various convolutional neural network, support vector machine, and classification-based methods were examined, including their advantages and limitations. This study’s recommendations are anticipated to assist researchers and practicing engineers with the proper selection and use of automated damage detection for improving how the built environment is inspected and maintained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104978"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on smart manufacturing using machine learning applicable to fused deposition modeling","authors":"Swapnil Deokar ,&nbsp;Narendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Ravi Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the very popular of Additive Manufacturing (AM) which allows the cost-effective fabrication of intricate geometries. However, FDM components often face challenges in achieving consistency, reliability, and accuracy which can be overcome using process parameters monitoring. The process parameters may be monitored using high end computational tools. In the recent past, machine learning (ML) has been emerged as a powerful computational tool for enhancing the manufacturing processes. ML has also been applied on the FDM to improve the performance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ML methods potential in FDM processes and highlight areas where ML applications are underexplored or uncharted, providing valuable insights for future research. This study focuses on the use of ML algorithms for predicting part quality of AM parts, such as tensile strength, wear strength, detection of defect, geometric accuracy and minimizing the material waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104941"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in the development of defective black TiO2 nanomaterials for application in energy and environmental sustainability: A review","authors":"Ntakadzeni Madima ,&nbsp;Nyiko M. Chauke ,&nbsp;Siphelo Ngqoloda ,&nbsp;Olga K. Mmelesi ,&nbsp;Mpfunzeni Raphulu","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy crisis and environmental water pollution have become two of the most significant barriers to social and economic development owing to the rapid growth of industry and civilization. Consequently, it is vital to urgently seek out alternative energy solutions and implement strategies to mitigate water pollution. Over the years, catalysis-based technologies have been extensively researched to address energy and environmental challenges. Among a variety of catalysts employed, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) stands out as the most notable catalyst that has garnered considerable attention in tackling the issues mentioned above. However, due to its wide energy bandgap, the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO₂ is confined to the ultraviolet (UV) region of the spectrum. Subsequently, an effective approach to enhance the utilization of TiO₂ as a catalyst is to extend its light absorption into the visible spectrum. Additionally, pure TiO₂ exhibits low electrical conductivity, which restricts its practical application in energy fields. In the past decade, defective black TiO₂ has emerged as an effective catalyst due to its broader light response range in both visible and even near-infrared regions, as well as its improved conductivity. Therefore, this paper briefly reviews the advancements in defective black TiO₂-based catalysts aimed at addressing the energy crisis and environmental water pollution. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview and encourage further research in this relevant field by focusing on the properties, synthesis, and application of defective black TiO₂-based catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104868"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformative Impacts of Nanotechnology on Sustainable Construction: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Ali Akbar Firoozi ,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Firoozi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Maghami","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.104973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating nanotechnology into civil engineering represents a pivotal advancement in construction methodologies, offering substantial improvements in material performance, structural monitoring, and lifecycle efficiency. This comprehensive review synthesizes peer-reviewed literature and case studies to evaluate both established and emerging applications of nanomaterials, including nano-enhanced concrete, self-healing systems, and embedded nanosensors. Quantitative outcomes reported in the literature, such as up to a 30% reduction in carbon emissions and a 25% gain in energy performance, are critically analyzed within broader frameworks of lifecycle assessment and regulatory alignment. In addition to technical evaluations, this study examines economic implications, workforce impacts, and the ethical considerations associated with nanotechnology adoption in construction. It also identifies persistent challenges related to large-scale implementation, cost barriers, and long-term safety. By highlighting the convergence of engineering innovation, environmental metrics, and policy development, this review encourages interdisciplinary collaboration to support the responsible integration of nanotechnologies in future civil infrastructure systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 104973"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}