Results in Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Efficient photocatalytic oxidation of nitrogen containing compounds of fuel over heterojunctions under visible light irradiation: Photocatalysts classification, process parameters, kinetics, and mechanisms","authors":"Amin Alamdari","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen containing compounds (NCCs) in fuel can impact fuel processing, consistency of catalyst, and safety of fuel transportation. Currently, oxidation of NCCs is critical due to increasingly stringent environmental regulations. There are different processes for NCCs removal, such as biodenitrogenation (BDN), oxidative denitrogenation (ODN), extractive denitrogenation (EDN), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), adsorptive denitrogenation (ADN), and photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs. Photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs has emerged as an appealing, eco-friendly technology for the refining of fuel oil. It typically involves the photocatalytic breakdown of refractory NCCs into simpler, more polar nitrogen species (e.g., NO₃^-, NH₄⁺), which are subsequently removed from the fuel phase via extraction into a polar solvent or adsorption, achieving true removal. The current review discusses the benefits and drawbacks of photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs photocatalysts, as well as the features that make certain photocatalysts highly effective. There are several types of photocatalysts in the oxidation of NCCs of fuels, containing bismuth, titanium, zinc, and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based photocatalysts. In particular, key strategies for enhancing performance including photocatalyst selection, modification, and other essential photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs parameters are analyzed to derive a mechanistic framework for an effective photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs process. The study on photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs has been developed by the promotion of technology and the refining of fuels. This research investigates different types of photocatalysts, process parameters, kinetics, mechanisms, and future outlooks in photocatalytic oxidation of NCCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111188"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven path planning for autonomous vehicles: A review of algorithms, optimization, and cooperative strategies","authors":"Baskar Ponnusamy","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autonomous vehicle (AV) path planning is a core decision-making function that ensures safe, efficient, and comfortable navigation in dynamic traffic environments. This review synthesizes recent advances in AI-driven path planning by systematically categorizing algorithms into graph-based, sampling-based, optimization-based, learning-based, and hybrid frameworks. Key performance objectives, including collision avoidance, ride comfort, energy efficiency, and real-time feasibility are discussed alongside representative methods such as A<em>, D*, RRT/RRT</em>*, model predictive control, heuristic/metaheuristic optimizers, deep reinforcement learning, and imitation learning. The review further analyzes cooperative path planning enabled by V2X connectivity, highlighting coordination strategies for platooning, merging, and intersection negotiation. Challenges including uncertainty handling, generalization across scenarios, computational constraints, safety assurance, and sim-to-real transfer are critically examined. Finally, open research directions are presented, emphasizing unified evaluation benchmarks, interpretable learning-based planners, multi-agent safety guarantees, and robust planning under imperfect perception. The paper provides an updated reference framework for researchers and practitioners seeking scalable and deployable path planning solutions for next-generation AV systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111245"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From soil to structure: A systematic review of bamboo-reinforced earth composites for sustainable building","authors":"Emmanuel Awenboro Anak ,&nbsp;Joshua Ayarkwa ,&nbsp;Godwin Kojo-Kumi Acquah ,&nbsp;Alex Acheampong ,&nbsp;Acheampong Michael Owoahene ,&nbsp;Augustine Akumasi","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction industry's carbon footprint has driven renewed interest in earthen materials and bio-based reinforcements. This systematic review examines bamboo-reinforced earth composites, synthesising research on mechanical performance, durability, and sustainable construction applications. Following structured searches of Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, 42 studies (2004–2025) met the inclusion criteria and were assessed using a validated quality assessment tool (κ = 0.84). Bamboo reinforcement transforms brittle earthen materials into ductile composites. At optimal fibre contents of 0.5–0.8% by weight, compressive strength increases range from 0.9 to 2.3 MPa in unstabilised matrices and 2.5 to 5.5 MPa in stabilised matrices. Flexural strength gains of 0.5 to 1.8 MPa and shear strength improvements of 0.05 to 0.08 MPa accompany ductility factor increases from 1.0 to 3.2–7.2. However, increased fibre content correlates with water absorption increasing by up to 5.4 percentage points and porosity increasing by 9.8 percentage points, presenting durability challenges. Critical gaps include absent standardised protocols, no long-term durability data beyond five years, limited understanding of interfacial mechanics, and insufficient structural-scale validation. Publication bias analysis suggests effect sizes may be overestimated by 16–18%. Bamboo-reinforced earth composites offer a promising pathway toward sustainable housing, requiring systematic durability investigation and performance-based design guidance. A five-phase research roadmap is proposed: standardisation (2026–2028), field validation (2027–2029), model development (2028–2030), code development (2029–2031), and technology transfer (2031–2035).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111236"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging triboelectric nanogenerator-based neuromorphic electronics: From self-powered sensing to bioinspired synapses","authors":"Shang-Ming Li ,&nbsp;Xin-Gui Tang ,&nbsp;Yi-Cong Chen ,&nbsp;Dan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi-Jun Sun ,&nbsp;Yan-Ping Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) provide self-powered interfaces that convert biomechanical motions and environmental stimuli into electrical signals, offering new opportunities for energy-autonomous neuromorphic electronics. This review summarizes recent advances in TENG-based neuromorphic systems from three aspects: electrical signal generation, bioinspired sensory encoding, and synaptic information processing. The working mechanisms and electrical output characteristics of TENGs are first discussed, including voltage/current pulse generation, charge transfer, load-dependent power output, signal stability, and mechanical-input-dependent modulation. Representative material systems and device architectures are then reviewed, with emphasis on flexible polymers, biocompatible composites, ferroelectric materials, memristive devices, and heterojunction transistors. Recent applications are further categorized into self-powered auditory and tactile sensors, wearable health monitoring devices, AI-assisted sensing platforms, and triboelectric artificial synapses. This review establishes a device-to-system framework linking TENG electrical outputs with sensory encoding, synaptic modulation, and neuromorphic information processing. Finally, key challenges and future directions are discussed, including output stability, signal matching, device integration, durability, biocompatibility, and standardized evaluation metrics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111295"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced monitoring, diagnostics, and reliability engineering in photovoltaic systems: A critical review of diagnostic-to-maintenance decision frameworks for predictive solar asset management","authors":"Gulothungan G ,&nbsp;Venkatesan SP ,&nbsp;Prashanth SP ,&nbsp;Biswaranjan Swain ,&nbsp;Khushboo Sharma ,&nbsp;Anusudha V ,&nbsp;Nikhil Kulkarni ,&nbsp;Aseel Smerat ,&nbsp;Kamakshi Priya K","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) deployment has made monitoring, diagnostics, degradation assessment, and predictive maintenance central to long-term solar asset management. This review critically examined conventional and advanced approaches for PV performance monitoring, fault diagnosis, reliability modeling, and maintenance decision support. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)-based monitoring, string-level supervision, Current-Voltage (I-V) tracing, infrared thermography, electroluminescence, photoluminescence, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) inspection, module-level power electronics, AI-based fault classification, and digital twin frameworks were compared based on diagnostic resolution, scalability, cost, implementation complexity, field applicability, and maintenance value. The review shows that conventional monitoring is scalable and inexpensive but insufficient for early module-level fault localization. In contrast, imaging and artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods improve fault resolution but remain constrained by dataset scarcity, limited transferability, inspection-condition sensitivity, and limited real-world validation. Reliability models, including empirical degradation analysis, Weibull modeling, Bayesian updating, survival analysis, and remaining useful life (RUL) estimation, are discussed as tools for maintenance-oriented decision-making. The principal novelty lies in operationalizing PV diagnostics as a staged engineering pathway that links scalable monitoring, field inspection, high-resolution validation, AI-based fault interpretation, reliability modeling, and maintenance prioritization. Particular emphasis is placed on study-quality assessment, domain shift in AI models, false-alarm implications, diagnostic validation, uncertainty-aware reliability modeling, and measurable engineering outcomes such as fault localization, inspection lead time, downtime avoidance, maintenance-cost reduction, and yield retention. The review identifies benchmark datasets, standardized fault taxonomies, multimodal diagnostics, explainable AI, climate-adaptive reliability modeling, and reliability-centered digital twins as essential priorities for future PV asset management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111222"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal analysis of functionally graded porous fins with spatially varying conductivity and porosity using a spectral collocation approach","authors":"P.L. Khumalo ,&nbsp;S.P. Goqo ,&nbsp;S. Mgobhozi ,&nbsp;S.A.A. Ahmedai","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functionally graded materials have attracted considerable attention due to their enhanced thermal performance in advanced heat transfer applications. However, the coupled effects of spatially varying thermal conductivity and surface porosity on fin performance, particularly under transient conditions, remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates the thermal behaviour of longitudinal functionally graded material fins by analysing the combined influence of material grading, exponential porosity decay, radiation, and convective heat transfer under steady-state and transient conditions. A nonlinear heat transfer equation is formulated, nondimensionalised, and solved numerically using the spectral collocation method for steady-state analysis and the bivariate spectral collocation method for transient analysis, considering linear, quadratic, exponential, and power-law conductivity profiles. The obtained results are then validated using the finite element method, and a good agreement is achieved.The results reveal that increased surface porosity limits cooling by reducing the effective convective area without altering bulk conduction, leading to higher temperature distributions. Linear, quadratic, and exponential conductivity profiles increase the temperature, whereas a power-law profile enhances thermal performance by redistributing conductivity away from the base. Parametric analysis indicates that radiation and Biot numbers improve heat dissipation and lower fin temperatures, while higher Biot numbers reduce fin efficiency. In addition, internal heat generation intensifies thermal gradients. These findings provide a practical framework for designing high-efficiency, lightweight thermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111127"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Local Strain Field and Deformation in Active Contraction of Bladder Using a Pretrained Transformer Model: A Speckle-Free Approach.","authors":"Alireza Asadbeygi, Anne Robertson, Yasutaka Tobe, Masoud Zamani, Sean D Stocker, Paul Watton, Naoki Yoshiumra, Simon Watkins","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate quantification of local strain fields during bladder contraction is essential for understanding the biomechanics of bladder micturition, in both health and disease. Conventional digital image correlation (DIC) methods have been successfully applied to various biological tissues; however, this approach requires artificial speckling, which can alter both passive and active properties of the tissue. In this study, we introduce a speckle-free framework for quantifying local strain fields using a state-of-the-art, zero-shot transformer model, CoTracker3. We utilized a custom-designed, portable isotonic biaxial apparatus compatible with multiphoton microscopy (MPM), to demonstrate this approach, successfully tracking natural bladder lumen textures without artificial markers. Benchmark tests validated the method's high accuracy, achieving a tracking RMSE of less than 1.5 pixels and low strain errors. Our framework effectively captured heterogeneous deformation patterns, despite complex folding and buckling, which conventional, DIC often fails to track. Application to in vitro active bladder contractions in four rat specimens (n=4) revealed statistically significant anisotropy (p<0.01), with higher contraction longitudinally compared to circumferentially. Multiphoton microscopy further illustrated and confirmed heterogeneous morphological changes, such as large fold formation during active contraction. This non-invasive approach eliminates speckle induced artifacts, enabling more physiologically relevant measurements, and has broad applicability for material testing of other biological and engineered systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid solar-PCM energy storage systems: Design optimization, thermal management, performance benchmarking, and techno-economic perspectives","authors":"Ravikumar Jayabal ,&nbsp;Beemkumar Nagappan ,&nbsp;Shakti Prakash Jena ,&nbsp;Alok Tiwari ,&nbsp;Venkatesha Raju K ,&nbsp;Anand Kushwah ,&nbsp;Gulothungan G ,&nbsp;Aseel Smerat ,&nbsp;Kamakshi Priya K","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid solar-phase change material (PCM) energy-storage systems are emerging as an effective pathway to mitigate solar intermittency, reduce thermal losses, and improve the operational performance of photovoltaic (PV), photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T), and solar-thermal systems. This review critically evaluates recent progress in PCM selection, encapsulation, heat-transfer enhancement, charging/discharging behavior, system integration, and optimization strategies for solar applications. Unlike earlier reviews that treated materials, collectors, economics, or control separately, the present study integrates these aspects within a single engineering assessment framework. Reported studies show that PCM integration can reduce PV operating temperature by about 5–12 °C, improve electrical efficiency by about 3–15%, enhance thermal efficiency in PV/T and solar-thermal systems by up to 15–25%, and extend useful heat delivery for several hours beyond peak irradiance. The review further examines the roles of non-concentrating and concentrating collectors, nano-enhanced PCMs, nanofluids, and artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled control in improving thermal response and storage effectiveness. The study also supports Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7, 9, 11, 12, and 13 through cleaner energy use, efficient thermal management, and sustainable system design. Persistent challenges include low thermal conductivity, cyclic degradation, high encapsulation costs, limited standardization, and limited long-term field validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111193"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural fibres as precursors for advanced carbon materials: A review of processing and application","authors":"S. Ashokkumar ,&nbsp;E. Venkateshwar Rao ,&nbsp;Koyada Prathap ,&nbsp;J. Suresh Goud ,&nbsp;Nirmith Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;K. Arun Prasath ,&nbsp;Sunesh Narayanaperumal ,&nbsp;K. Arun Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.111171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The natural fibres are emerging as low cost and sustainable procursors for the production of advanced carbon based matrials due to its hierical structure, renewability and its high content of carbon. This review provides concept on the natural origin carbon materials and the processes involved in the production, the properties of the precursors, and the application. The thermochemical conversion techniquies are discussed and linked with the functional properties. High specific area from 200-2500m²/g, electrical conductivity upto 103-S/m and the electrochemical capacitance of 100 and 400F/g are reported for material on precursor type and processing. The processed carbon materials can be used in catalysis, adsorption, energy storage and remediation of the environment. The carbon fibres that are produced naturally are sustainable, eco-friendly and cost effective as compared to synthetic carbon fibres. The review also elaborates the ideas on the crucial structure-property relationship and the gap in the research to help in the further development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 111171"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging roles of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in personalized medicine: revolutionizing therapy and diagnosis — a comprehensive review","authors":"Adel Mahmoudi Gharehbaba ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Soltanmohammadi ,&nbsp;Morteza Eskandani ,&nbsp;Khosro Adibkia","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.110396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2026.110396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Personalized medicine represents a novel strategy in modern healthcare, emphasizing the customization of treatments to align with the unique genetic, molecular, and clinical profiles of individual patients. This review explores the intersection of personalized medicine and nanotechnology, with a particular focus on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as versatile platforms for precision applications. Owing to their high surface area, tunable pore architecture, and flexible surface functionalization, MSNs offer distinct advantages over conventional nanocarriers, enabling high drug-loading capacity, controlled release, and multifunctional integration. Recent advances highlight the use of MSNs in personalized cancer therapy, including targeted drug delivery, gene and gene-silencing co-delivery, and combination treatment strategies, as well as in diagnostics, biosensing, imaging, and theranostic systems. The integration of MSNs with molecular targeting ligands and imaging modalities further enables real-time monitoring of therapeutic responses and adaptive treatment optimization. In addition to summarizing emerging and transformative MSN-based applications, this review also discusses key challenges for clinical translation, including biosafety, scalable manufacturing, and regulatory considerations. Overall, MSNs are presented as a promising and evolving nanoplatform with the potential to revolutionize personalized diagnosis and therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 110396"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147657714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}