Results in Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Towards sustainable precision: A review of water jet meso and micromachining","authors":"Mohammad Ghasemian Fard ,&nbsp;Akash Nag ,&nbsp;Jana Petrů ,&nbsp;Sergej Hloch","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro-Abrasive Water Jet Machining (µAWJM) has become a critical technology for precision micro-manufacturing, addressing the limitations of both conventional and other unconventional machining methods. Its significance lies in its ability to process complex geometries in a vast range of materials—including thermally sensitive polymers, brittle advanced ceramics, composites, superalloys, and thin-film structures—without inducing damage. As a non-thermal disintegration process, µAWJM holds a distinct advantage over methods like laser cutting and EDM by creating minimal heat-affected zones, thereby preventing the material degradation, warping, and residual stresses that often necessitate costly post-processing. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of µAWJM's fundamental principles, including fluid dynamics, abrasive particle behavior, and material removal mechanisms. It examines the intricate interplay of key process parameters such as abrasive particle size (MESH), nozzle geometry, fluid pressure, and standoff distance, and how these parameters influence machining performance and surface integrity. Recent technological advancements, including optimized abrasive delivery systems and the integration of machine learning for process optimization, are critically evaluated. This review not only highlights the inherent advantages of µAWJM but also addresses current challenges such as kerf taper, nozzle wear, and the efficient machining of novel materials. Furthermore, it delves into the diverse applications of µAWJM across microfluidics, biomedical engineering, aerospace, and electronics, showcasing its versatility in fabricating complex microstructures. Finally, this review outlines future research directions, ultimately solidifying µAWJM's crucial role in the future of sustainable and precise manufacturing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106447"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable carbon-rich materials from algae and biomass: Synthesis, characterisation, and applications","authors":"Shintu Varghese,&nbsp;Peter Ralph,&nbsp;Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high demand for sustainable, high-performance materials has spotlighted carbon-rich materials derived from algae and other biomass sources. Algae-derived carbon compounds, including graphene and its derivatives, show promising applications across sectors like energy, environmental remediation, and catalysis. This review comprehensively discusses the synthesis, characterisation, and applications of these novel biomaterials, covering hydrothermal treatment, microwave irradiation, and pyrolysis- each offering unique benefits in structure, functionality, and yield. A detailed examination of key characterisation techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), provides insights into these materials’ chemical and structural properties. Applications in supercapacitors, batteries, and other energy storage devices, as well as in environmental and catalytic contexts, are thoroughly explored. This review also highlights recent advancements in carbon biomaterial integration into cutting-edge technologies, focusing on scalability, sustainability, and novel applications that may drive future innovation. By presenting a holistic view of carbon biomaterials from algae and other biomass sources, this review aims to support the vast potential of sustainable carbon materials for next-generation manufacturing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106439"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144712969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetracycline adsorption research (2015–2025): A bibliometric analysis of trends, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Ramesh Vinayagam ,&nbsp;Thivaharan Varadavenkatesan ,&nbsp;Raja Selvaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetracycline is a commonly used antibiotic that has emerged as a significant environmental contaminant due to its widespread use and persistence in aquatic ecosystems. Its presence in water bodies poses ecological risks and contributes to the growing concern over antibiotic resistance. Among the various treatment technologies, adsorption has gained prominence as a cost-effective and efficient approach for removing tetracycline from contaminated water. This bibliometric review analyzes 567 articles published between 2015 and 2025 retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection to uncover the scientific trends, influential contributors, research hotspots, and emerging gaps in the field of tetracycline adsorption. Using VOSviewer and Bibliometrix, the study presents a comprehensive visual mapping of publication growth trends, leading countries, institutions, authors, and journals. China, the USA, and India dominate the research output, with significant institutional contributions from Hunan University and Anhui Agricultural University. “Desalination and Water Treatment” and “Bioresource Technology” are identified as prominent journals, with the latter having 2236 citations. Keyword co-occurrence and thematic evolution analyses highlight trending materials like magnetic biochar and metal-organic frameworks. Additionally, it highlighted underexplored areas, including computational modeling, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning integration, and continuous adsorption. The findings offer a holistic understanding of the current research landscape and provide strategic directions for advancing future studies in tetracycline adsorption for environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106383"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable hydrogen production via metal–water reactions and transition metal nitride electrocatalysts: A pathway toward green energy","authors":"R Umamageshwari ,&nbsp;Vichitra Malaiyarasan ,&nbsp;M Sunil Kumar ,&nbsp;N Beem Kumar ,&nbsp;Ritesh Pratap Singh ,&nbsp;K Kamakshi Priya","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is increasingly recognized as a vital element in the global transition toward clean and sustainable energy systems. This review highlights recent advances in hydrogen generation via the reaction of metals—particularly scrap metals—with water, presenting a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional production methods. The hydrogen yield largely depends on the metal's reactivity. Highly reactive metals such as lithium and sodium generate hydrogen with minimal energy input, whereas less reactive metals like aluminum and magnesium require elevated temperatures to achieve yields. Remarkably, hydrogen yields of up to 98 % have been reported with aluminum, while metals such as zinc yield substantially lower outputs under more demanding conditions. To achieve the necessary hydrogen purity for practical applications, additional purification processes—including membrane-based separation, pressure swing adsorption, and cryogenic distillation—are essential. The review also explores the emerging role of transition metal nitrides (TMNs) in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). TMNs are gaining attention as cost-effective, efficient alternatives to platinum-based catalysts due to their high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, and catalytic activity. However, challenges remain in optimizing their active surface area, enhancing cycle durability, and developing scalable, reproducible synthesis techniques. Furthermore, elucidating the relationship between TMN structural features and their catalytic behavior—particularly under neutral pH conditions—is critical for advancing their application. The integration of metal-assisted hydrogen generation with TMN-based electrocatalysis represents a compelling pathway toward high-efficiency, low-cost, and sustainable hydrogen production. This synergistic approach holds significant for powering a wide range of technologies, from fuel cells to industrial energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research trends on gold and silver nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells: A bibliometric perspective","authors":"Bashiru Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the wealth of available data on the toxicity of gold (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Over the past 25 years, significant research has been conducted on the cytotoxic effects of these NPs on cancer cells. The specific objective of this study is to investigate the bibliometric trends in this field, examining the contributions of different authors, years, countries, and organizations. To conduct this analysis, a collection of publications related to the cytotoxic impact of AuNPs and AgNPs from 2000 to 2025 was gathered from the Web of Science database in April 2025. Microsoft Excel, GraphPad Prism, and VOSViewer software were utilized to analyze the annual publication trends, country citations, and frequently used keywords. A total of 1224 published papers were identified and analyzed. The results of the bibliometric analysis revealed that India had the highest number of publications (436) and citations (15,417), followed by Saudi Arabia with 199 articles. The most highly cited paper in this field, with 698 citations, was published by Brown in 2010 in JACS. Furthermore, the co-occurrence analysis of author keywords highlighted the frequent use of keywords such as AgNPs, green synthesis, cytotoxicity, and anticancer activity. Overall, this bibliometric analysis highlights the promising potential of NPs in cancer research within the field of nanomedicine. The findings provide valuable insights into the research landscape and can guide future investigations in this exciting area of study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106379"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review on multi-functional performance analysis of MXene for thermoelectricity and electromagnetic interference shielding: challenges and future perspectives","authors":"A S M Mannafi ,&nbsp;Khairul Habib ,&nbsp;Taseen Asrafi ,&nbsp;Syed Awais Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MXenes, a family of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, have emerged as promising candidates due to their exceptional electrical conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and structural adaptability. However, a comprehensive assessment of their dual functionality in thermoelectric (TE) conversion and EMI shielding remains infrequent. This review critically explores the interplay between the structural and physicochemical properties of MXene-based materials and their influence on TE and EMI shielding performance. Particular focus is given to recent advancements in MXene hybrid architectures that achieve simultaneous improvements in electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and EMI shielding effectiveness. In addition to performance metrics, the review addresses key considerations such as long-term environmental stability, scalable synthesis and fabrication methods, and material costs to assess real-world applicability. It also identifies the critical parameters governing both thermoelectric efficiency and EMI shielding behavior. By consolidating current knowledge, this review provides a comparative framework and strategic insights for the rational design of next-generation MXene-based multifunctional materials, targeting efficient energy harvesting and robust electromagnetic protection in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106335"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the key material degradation mechanisms affecting silicon solar cells: Systematic literature review","authors":"Eshetu Tadesse Ymer ,&nbsp;Hirpa Gelgele Lemu ,&nbsp;Mesay Alemu Tolcha","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This literature review systematically identifies the primary material degradation mechanisms impacting silicon-based solar cells, which constitute over 90% of the global photovoltaic (PV) market. The study addresses the critical challenge of reduced solar cell performance and lifespan, driven by environmental and operational stressors, which subsequently diminish the efficiency and economic viability of solar energy systems. Employing a rigorous methodology structured on the PRISMA framework, we analyzed 181 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2024 to comprehensively evaluate various degradation pathways. Findings highlight that the degradation rate of silicon solar cells is highly sensitive to geographical location and climatic factors. Environmental elements are identified as major contributors to power output degradation, with observed annual losses ranging from 1.8% to 2% in hot-humid regions, notably higher than the approximately 0.3% reported in temperate zones. Specific degradation mechanisms include Potential-Induced Degradation, which can cause up to 30% efficiency loss by reducing short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage, and Light-Induced Degradation, contributing up to 10% efficiency reduction. Dust accumulation is also a critical contributor to performance degradation, causing an average power loss of 1.27% per g/m² and potentially leading to further issues such as encapsulant discoloration, corrosion of electrical contacts, and the development of thermal hotspots. Furthermore, surface-related degradation is influenced by factors such as emitter doping profiles, thermal oxide layers, and substrate materials. The study also examines the effects of thermal cycling and mechanical stress on silicon solar cells, demonstrating their ability to induce thermo-mechanical stress, resulting in various failure modes including solder joint disconnection, finger breakage, and cell fracture. Overall, the analyzed literature indicates annual degradation rates for silicon solar cells ranging from 0.25% to 3.3%. In conclusion, this review underscores the necessity of climate-specific module designs and tailored maintenance strategies, such as the implementation of PID-resistant cells and anti-soiling coatings, to significantly enhance PV durability. This work distinguishes itself from prior efforts by offering a comprehensive, quantitative synthesis of degradation mechanisms across diverse climatic conditions and technologies. It explicitly addresses existing gaps in long-term field data and the standardization of testing protocols, providing a more complete understanding crucial for advancing solar PV reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106113"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Sub-Seasonal to Seasonal Streamflow Forecasting in Canada: A Review of Conventional and Emerging Approaches for Operational Applications","authors":"Duc Hai Nguyen ,&nbsp;Amin Elshorbagy ,&nbsp;Muhammad Naveed Khaliq ,&nbsp;Chaopeng Shen ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khaled Akhtar ,&nbsp;Mohamed Moghairib ,&nbsp;Fisaha Unduche ,&nbsp;Saman Razavi ,&nbsp;Philippe Lamontagne","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) streamflow forecasts play a critical role in the planning and management of water resources for various purposes, such as optimization of hydropower production, ensuring sufficient water supplies for various usages, mitigating flood and drought risks, and management of nutrients from industrial and agricultural sources. Contrary to day-to-day operational activities, such forecasts can provide an extended operational window to various levels of the government for taking appropriate actions and issuing timely directives. Compared to the vast amount of hydrologic literature on short-term streamflow forecasting, S2S forecasting area is still not well-developed. This paper reviews state-of-the-art in S2S streamflow forecasting, considering conventional process-based and statistical modeling approaches, emerging machine learning (ML) techniques, and hybrid options. The generated knowledge and insights are intended to guide the development of operational tools for S2S forecasting for Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba provinces of Canada, and can also be used for developing similar tools for other regions of the world. Apart from discussing various modeling challenges, data availability constraints, and quantification of uncertainties, the paper also presents a systematic framework for developing ML-based S2S streamflow forecasting tools. Various limitations of the reviewed approaches and potential avenues of future research are also discussed to advance research and applications in S2S forecasting area. It is found that the potential of ML in addressing scaling issues in hydrology, through S2S forecasting, and investigating relevant hydrologic mechanisms at coarse spatial and temporal resolutions are not adequately explored. This is a significant path forward for ML in hydrology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106345"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced energy-management and sizing techniques for renewable microgrids with electric-vehicle integration: A review","authors":"Ahmed K. Abbas ,&nbsp;Razman Ayop ,&nbsp;Chee Wei Tan ,&nbsp;Yousif Al Mashhadany ,&nbsp;Al Smadi Takialddin","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising worldwide energy consumption and environmental concerns have expedited the transition to hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) and electric vehicles (EVs). EVs continue to be viewed as completely compliant passive batteries, which ignore owner behaviors. Owners may deny unloading for a number of reasons, such as cheap prices, long commutes outside of town, or battery lifespan issues. EMS are divided into three categories: rule-based EMS, optimization-based EMS, and learning-based EMS. Rule-based EMS uses deterministic control techniques, such as fuzzy logic and frequency decoupling, which makes it simple and computationally efficient but restricts its flexibility. Optimization-based EMS achieves worldwide effectiveness by using complex mathematical models such as predictive control and game theory, but it demands a significant amount of processing power. Each form of EMS has advantages and disadvantages, with rule-based EMS being less expensive and simpler to implement. The study provided and analyzed a complete literature evaluation of recently published papers by numerous HRES scholars. This study further investigates energy management techniques (EMS) for EVs and HRES, with an emphasis on demand-side management, economic policies, and techno-economic strategies for optimal grid interaction. Furthermore, the combination of V2G technology is presented as a bidirectional transmission of electricity solution that enables EVs to function as mobile energy storage units, thus contributing to grid stability as well as demand control. Future research paths stress the need for hybrid AI-powered algorithms and blockchain for safe energy transactions. The future possibilities of PV, wind, and other HESs are finally covered in this study, along with their control, power management, optimization, and ideal size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106252"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive survey on big data privacy and Hadoop security: Insights into encryption mechanisms and emerging trends","authors":"Youness Filaly ,&nbsp;Nisrine Berros ,&nbsp;Fatna El mendili ,&nbsp;Younes El Bouzekri EL idrissi","doi":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rineng.2025.106203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Big data has transformed analytics and data processing in many different industries, but securing security and privacy in distributed systems like Hadoop is still rather complex. This article gives a deep analysis of the symmetric, asymmetric, and hybrid encryption techniques applied in Hadoop to preserve massive amounts of data. We critically analyze earlier research, underlining its advantages, flaws, and important trade-offs, specifically with reference to scalability, computing expense, and implementation complexity. Additionally, we analyze new improvements like blockchain integration and post-quantum encryption, analyzing their potential to increase Hadoop security. We find weaknesses in existing techniques via a comparative study and provide a hybrid encryption system aimed at secure and efficient data processing in Hadoop settings. Researchers and practitioners searching for scalable, privacy-preserving big data platform solutions should use this paper as a reference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36919,"journal":{"name":"Results in Engineering","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 106203"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}