Aquaculture and Fisheries最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional quality of adult Eriocheir sinensis from the Yangtze River and Yellow River populations cultured in ponds at the Yellow River estuary area","authors":"Minghui Shang ,&nbsp;Chen Tang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Sun ,&nbsp;Yongxu Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, Chinese mitten crabs from the Yangtze River and Yellow River were cultured in ponds in the Yellow River estuary, and their edible tissue proportion, edible yield, and nutrient composition were compared. No significant differences were found in the total edible rate and proximate composition of edible tissues between the populations of Chinese mitten crabs from the Yangtze River and Yellow River. The content of C_18:1n9 and total mono-unsaturated fatty acids (∑MUFA) in the female hepatopancreas of the Yangtze River population were significantly higher than those of the Yellow River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas the contents of total n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (∑n-3PUFA) were significantly lower than those of the Yellow River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The content of C_22:6n3 (DHA) in female gonads of the Yellow River population was significantly higher than that in the Yangtze River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the muscle, the DHA content in females of the Yellow River population was significantly higher than that of the Yangtze River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), the total content of highly unsaturated fatty acids (∑HUFA) was significantly higher than that of the Yangtze River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the Σ HUFA content in males was significantly higher than that in the Yangtze River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the muscle, the contents of threonine, serine, glutamic acid, alanine, and proline of the Yangtze River population were significantly higher than those in the Yellow River population (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), regardless of sex. The average essential amino acid score of the muscles in the Yangtze River population was higher than that of the Yellow River population. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in the total edible rate and proximate composition of edible tissues between the two populations of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River after culture in the Yellow River estuary area, but there were some differences in the fatty acid composition of the edible tissue and the amino acid composition of the muscle, which might be related to genetic factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 836-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of an acute negative and positive stimulus on immune-related gene expression in the pituitary and head kidney of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)","authors":"Paulina Pawlak ,&nbsp;Jonathan Konrad ,&nbsp;Andreas Seitz ,&nbsp;Constanze Pietsch","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to investigate expression profiles of genes involved in the immune responses in the head kidney, as well as stress response-related genes in the pituitary in juvenile koi carp after exposure to an acute positive (feed reward) or negative cue (air exposure). Both, the head kidney and the pituitary transcriptome analysis, revealed distinct gene expression patterns in fish subjected to the different treatments. Notably, expression changes of genes with the greatest impact on the fish's stress status were identified, emphasizing their role in stress perception and immune regulation related to stress. This allows the identification of promising candidates for further investigations. Additionally, the application of ElasticNet regression enabled, with high accuracy, the classification of stimulus presence, absence and valence, based on the gene expression patterns, representing a novel and valuable tool for transcript analysis in stressed fish. To our knowledge, the ElasticNet regression was used for the first time in such an application. These findings further confirm the differential perception and response of fish to negative and positive stimuli, offering insights into the complex interplay between stress and immune responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 783-795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body shape divergence of paradise thread fish (Polynemus paradiseus) collected from different coastal habitats of southern Bangladesh: A multivariate approach for population discrimination","authors":"Md Asaduzzaman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zafar Iqbal ,&nbsp;Farjana Akter Chamily ,&nbsp;Sumi Akter ,&nbsp;Md Sadequr Rahman Khan ,&nbsp;Li Lian Wong ,&nbsp;Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md Moshiur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paradise thread fish (<em>Polynemus paradiseus</em>) is a commercially and ecologically important euryhaline fish that primarily lives in diversified coastal and estuarine habitats. A comprehensive understanding of the divergence in body shape and discrimination in population parameters related to habitats is crucial for fisheries management and conservation endeavours. To test whether significant morphological differences exist between <em>P. paradiseus</em> populations inhabiting different coastal environments, a total of 366 individuals (198 male and 168 female) were collected from five distant places over three zones- Cox's Bazar (Bakkhali River) and Chattogram (Karnaphuli River) in the southeast coastal regions, Noakhali (lower Meghna River) in the southcentral zone, and Khulna (Shibsa River) and Borguna (Bishkhali River) in the southwest zones adjacent to the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh in November 2022. The truss networking and geometric morphometric analysis (GMA) indicated variations in body shape among <em>P. paradiseus</em> individuals induced by sexual dimorphism. Wireframe graphs demonstrated that female individuals had wider dorsal-abdominal parts than males. Using the truss networking dataset for five coastal habitats, multivariate analyses revealed two overlapping clusters: southwest (Borguna and Khulna) populations in one cluster, while central (Noakhali) and southeast (Chattogram and Cox's Bazar) populations form separate clusters. The GMA also illustrated that the Khulna-Borguna population was located near the opposite end of the Chattogram-Cox's Bazar population axis, and the Noakhali populations were somewhat in the middle, with a high degree of overlap. Wireframe graphs displayed a significant body shape variations among populations, mainly in the snout shape, the width of the dorsal-abdominal part, the tail shape, and the head shape. The Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that there were pronounced variations in body shape between two populations located in distant regions, while there were minimum variations between two populations located close to each other. This study underscores the effectiveness of landmark-based truss networking and geometric morphometrics in discerning morphological variations across different habitats. These variations likely hold adaptive significance and are critical for informed population management and conservation strategies in the population structure of euryhaline <em>P. paradisus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 656-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological stoichiometric of C, N and P of Coilia species","authors":"Jiaoyang Duan ,&nbsp;Shuang Han ,&nbsp;Jing Lai ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongjun Hu ,&nbsp;Qigen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish of the <em>Coilia</em> genus play a crucial ecological role by serving as a vital link between marine and freshwater ecosystems. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the ecological patterns, intra-interspecific variations, and potential determinants of <em>Coilia</em> from an ecological stoichiometry perspective, analyzed the concentrations of C, N, and P elements in various types of <em>Coilia</em>, including <em>C. nasus, C. mystus, C. grayii, C. brachygnathus,</em> and <em>C. nasus taihuensis</em>, across the Yangtze River basin. The result shows that: 1) A broad spectrum of eco-stoichiometric patterns within <em>Coilia</em> species, facilitating their adaptation to diverse ecosystems, including seawater and freshwater. Specifically, the C content in <em>Coilia</em> species from 40% to 70%, while N% and P% range between 4%–12% and 0.5%–3%, respectively. 2) Intriguingly, interspecific variations in eco-stoichiometric patterns are predominantly driven by anadromous populations. The anadromous <em>Coilia</em> species, including <em>C. nasus, C. mystus</em>, and <em>C. grayii</em>, exhibit significantly higher C contents and C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios compared to their landlocked and freshwater counterparts (<em>C. nasus taihuensis</em> and <em>C. brachygnathus</em>). However, the trends in N and P content are reversed. 3) Intraspecific differences vary among Coilia species, notably observed in <em>C. nasus taihuensis</em> and <em>C. brachygnathus</em>, where there's minimal correlation with body size. Conversely, <em>C. nasus</em> and <em>C. mystus</em> demonstrate a substantial influence of body size, with increasing fish size associated with higher C content, C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios, while N and P content decrease. This suggests that larger fishes store more energy (C%) in preparation for reproductive migration. In conclusion, this study provides a scientific foundation for comprehending the ecological patterns and intra-interspecific variations in <em>Coilia</em>. Furthermore, it contributes to the application of ecological chemometrics in the study of migratory fish, enriching our understanding of the intricate dynamics within this ecologically significant species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 672-678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141046285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding missing ethics statement, consent to participate statements and declaration of competing interest in articles previously published in Volume 8","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 715-719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofloc biosecurity: A revolutionary paradigm in augmenting aquaculture health and resilience against Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"Hossam M. Hwihy,&nbsp;Amr F. Zeina,&nbsp;Mohamed Sh Abu Husein,&nbsp;Mohamed A.M. El-Tabakh","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research embarked upon an in-depth exploration of the pioneering concept of biofloc biosecurity, assessing its instrumental role in amplifying fish growth dynamics, hematological indices, biochemical metrics, chemical body composition, and immunological defenses, both pre- and post-infection by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. By juxtaposing biofloc-reared <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> against traditionally reared fish, intricate observations of histopathological changes and clinical symptomatology were undertaken. Employing 16S RNA, the bacterial strain <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> (ATCC 7966) was precisely identified and banked It into gene bank and given accession number (OR452335). After a preparatory period of ten weeks in the Biofloc system, <em>O. niloticus</em> faced a challenge with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. Empirical findings revealed that fish from the Biofloc cohort displayed marked advancements across all investigational parameters, before and after infection, as opposed to the control set. In the aftermath of the <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> confrontation, biofloc-acclimatized fish manifested an elevated resilience against the bacterial onslaught, displaying superior metrics in growth, hematology, biochemistry, body constitution, and immunological response. Biofloc group showed a strong immune response, particularly in terms of Lysozyme and Total Antioxidant Capacity. Additionally, there was a significant impact on Immunoglobulin and Complement 3 after infection, highlighting the group's increased immune activity. Furthermore, these fish attenuated the pernicious morphological indicators and histopathological anomalies instigated by septicemic bacteria, which otherwise inflict substantial economic detriments upon the aquaculture industry. This research underscores the immense promise biofloc biosecurity holds in bolstering the overall health and performance metrics of cultured <em>O. niloticus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 608-616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding missing ethics statement, consent to participate statements and declaration of competing interest in articles previously published in Volume 4","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 737-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological morphology and gene expression in the digestive system of Procambarus clarkii","authors":"Zonglin Yang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Hao ,&nbsp;Yufei Liu ,&nbsp;Xugan Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaowu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To unravel the intricate morphological structure and functional aspects of the digestive system in <em>Procambarus clarkii</em>, this study employed histology and transcriptome sequencing techniques for a comprehensive analysis of its digestive system. The investigation revealed that the digestive system of <em>P. clarkii</em> comprises the esophagus, stomach (including cardiac and pyloric regions), caeca, midgut, hindgut, and hepatopancreas. The esophageal lumen displayed an \"X\" shape, with clearly visible radial muscle bundles within the connecting tissues. The internal architecture of the stomach and intestines mirrored that of the esophagus. Notably, the pyloric region of the stomach exhibited a comb-like structure, which facilitated food selection and filtration. The caeca showcased a larger lumen within the intestines, while the hindgut displayed smaller folds. The hepatopancreas, representing the digestive glands, demonstrated predominant bilaterally symmetrical features, encompassing the midgut on both sides. It consisted of multi-stage branching hepatic ducts, crucial for digestion and absorption. Transcriptomic analysis of the digestive system revealed significant gene expression in the esophagus, stomach, caeca, midgut, hindgut, and hepatopancreas, with 23,006, 22,208, 23,485, 23,196, 22,781, and 21,375 genes expressed, respectively. Moreover, tissue-specific expression was observed in 161, 459, 374, 547, 337, and 1080 genes. Additionally, a subset of 447, 453, 553, 506, 433, and 711 genes exhibited high expression levels. Further analysis led to the identification of 36 digestive enzyme genes across six distinct digestive tissues, categorized into three groups: carbohydrate metabolism, lipid breakdown, and protein metabolism. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the morphological structure, gene expression characteristics, and classification of digestive enzyme genes in the digestive system of <em>P. clarkii</em>. These findings lay a solid foundation for future investigations on the digestive physiology and food digestion in <em>P. clarkii</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 596-607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation improves the survival, digestive and immunological parameters by promoting ammonia excretion in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), under ammonia nitrogen stress","authors":"Zhiqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Aoya Shi ,&nbsp;Mengjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Chen Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiayi Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Niu ,&nbsp;Yameng Song ,&nbsp;Xueli Ma ,&nbsp;Yangyang Pang ,&nbsp;Xingliang Shi ,&nbsp;Yongxu Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaozhen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia nitrogen is one of the most common environmental stress factors in aquaculture. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of ammonia nitrogen stress on ammonia metabolism, digestion and immune function as well as the protective effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) in the Chinese mitten crab (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>). Two feeds were used, namely a control feed (regular commercial feed) and an NCG feed (NCG (302.96 ± 4.07) mg/kg added). Subsequently, animals fed by these two feeds were exposed to 30 mg/L or 60 mg/L ammonia nitrogen stress (named A30 or A60) for 21 days, respectively. The rate of hemolymph ammonia excretion was significantly increased in NCG group compared to C (control) group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Hemolymph ammonia levels were significantly lower in NCG A30 (NCG feed and A30) and NCG A60 (NCG feed and A60) groups compared to A30 (control feed and A30) and A60 (control feed and A60) groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities in the gills and hepatopancreas of NCG A60 group were significantly increased compared with the A60 group, which promoted glutamine synthesis (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The cumulative mortality rate of <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> in NCG A30 and NCG A60 groups were effectively reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The arginine levels of hepatopancreas were significantly increased in NCG A60 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Under ammonia nitrogen stress, NCG significantly increased the activities of trypsin, pepsin, lipase and α-Amylase in NCG feed group, and promoted feeding (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In hemolymph, hepatopancreas and intestine, NCG significantly increased nitric oxide synthase activity, lysozyme and phenol oxidase activities compared to the ammonia nitrogen stress group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The results indicated that, NCG added in feed could decelerate the toxic effects of ammonia on <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> by promoting ammonia excretion and accelerating glutamine and endogenous arginine synthesis by metabolism. Moreover, the activity of digestive enzymes and immune-related enzymes is improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 636-646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seventy years of development of freshwater fish parasitology in China","authors":"Ming Li ,&nbsp;Wenxiang Li ,&nbsp;Weishan Zhao ,&nbsp;Weitian Zhou ,&nbsp;Xialian Bu ,&nbsp;Shangong Wu ,&nbsp;Hong Zou ,&nbsp;Guitang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish diseases caused by parasites are considered one of the major causes of mortality in aquaculture, which can harm fish of various life stages from juvenile to adult fish. The study of fish diseases in the People's Republic of China started from the identification of a flagellated parasite <em>Cryptobia branchiaslis</em> Nie, 1955, which led to severe disease and death of grass carp fingerlings. During the past seventy years (1953–2023), China has made tremendous achievements in fish parasitology and developed a complete scientific system. In this paper, seventy years of research progress and achievements of freshwater fish parasitology in China are reviewed from four aspects, including pathogen biology, ecology, pharmacology, and immunology. Prospects for future development trends and cutting-edge hotspots are also discussed herein. This article provides readers majoring in fish parasitology and other related fields with comprehensive materials to fully understand the history, current status, and future development trends of fish parasitology in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 4","pages":"Pages 533-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}