Global Bioethics最新文献

Losing persons: the pastoral imperative for affirming continued personhood for those living with dementia. 失丧的人：确认失智症患者持续人格的牧灵必要性。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-07-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2532920

Stephen R Milford

{"title":"Losing persons: the pastoral imperative for affirming continued personhood for those living with dementia.","authors":"Stephen R Milford","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2532920","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2532920","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is responsible for untold suffering, most significant is the fear that someone will lose themselves. This fear raises very serious pastoral questions: Who is the person living with dementia? Are they the same person they have always been or someone new? In either case, how do we treat them? Using the well-known case of Margo and the discussions between Dworkin and Dresser around advanced care directives, this article radically challenges the standard psychology view of personhood as being pastorally unhelpful in dementia cases. We argue that a relational view of personhood is not only epistemologically consistent but better suited to the pastoral challenge presented by dementia than that of the standard psychological view. While dementia represents the loss of cognitive abilities, and in many cases an entire change in personality, it does not represent either the loss of a person nor a change of personhood. Through dementia a person remains a person because they are personally related to by the same community of persons who have always loved them. This normative framework offers those living with dementia, their community, and their carers with a coherent, yet pastorally helpful response to the existential questions raised by dementia.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"36 1","pages":"2532920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12281647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free to err? Conceptualising personal autonomy in the postpandemic welfare state. 自由犯错？大流行后福利国家中个人自主性的概念化。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-06-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2518800

Marc Sørensen, Ezio Di Nucci, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Gorm Greisen

{"title":"Free to err? Conceptualising personal autonomy in the postpandemic welfare state.","authors":"Marc Sørensen, Ezio Di Nucci, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Gorm Greisen","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2518800","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2518800","url":null,"abstract":"In the public healthcare system, personal autonomy has rightly become a key element of health politics. Nevertheless, conflicts can arise when the interests of a caring welfare state collide with the decisions of those in its care. In such cases, the concept of autonomy as a fundamental ethical principle can cause harm, if solely interpreted as freedom from interference by the public sector, devoid of demands on personal responsibility. Based on the example of vaccine hesitancy during COVID-19, we propose that resolving these conflicts should integrate two divergent basic tenets of autonomy, as developed over time, and recently applied disjunctively to the pandemic by ethicists, so that the principle can be consistently operationalised as a function of an open but also binding argument within society. This may have implications far beyond SARS-CoV-2. We touch on philosophical grounds where the assertion of axiomatic moral rights is replaced by an epistemological framing of the deliberation process as a ubiquitous and not merely representative argumentative act, while validity claims are individually redeemed in a dialogical balancing of reasons and objections. Recognising this as the humanistic core of healthcare calls for an expansion of the state's communicative obligations but also implies proportionate paternalism.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"36 1","pages":"2518800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12180335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A one health economy. 一个健康的经济。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-06-03 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2511516

Benjamin Capps

引用次数: 0

One Health Economics 2.0 - commentary. 一个卫生经济学2.0 -评论。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-05-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2511517

Zohar Lederman

引用次数: 0

What vaccine inequity has taught us: a way forward through the lens of ideal and non-ideal theory. 疫苗不平等给我们的启示：从理想和非理想理论的角度看前进的道路。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-05-07 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2497602

Florencia Luna, Felicitas Holzer

{"title":"What vaccine inequity has taught us: a way forward through the lens of ideal and non-ideal theory.","authors":"Florencia Luna, Felicitas Holzer","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2497602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2025.2497602","url":null,"abstract":"The equitable distribution of vaccines has emerged as a major issue in pandemic treaty negotiations following the COVID-19 pandemic. Failures in global procurement and distribution have been attributed to ineffective allocation mechanisms and a general lack of cooperation. More than four years after the onset of the pandemic, this article presents a perspective on how to achieve a more equitable global allocation of medical supplies for future pandemics, drawing on the distinction between \"ideal\" and \"non-ideal\" schemes of cooperation. We will consider two perspectives: first, improving solutions under current, non-ideal circumstances where non-cooperation dominates in the short and medium term, given the challenges of an uncooperative international landscape; and second, implementing long-term policies that aim at ideal proposals, assuming an increased level of cooperation in the future. This evaluation will address the past successes and shortcomings of the COVAX facility, and also the negotiations on a pandemic treaty led by the World Health Organizations, to better address future pandemics. We will discuss key issues that ought to be of central concern when moving towards more cooperative solutions in the future.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"36 1","pages":"2497602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives of stakeholders on post-trial access arrangements in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. 利益相关者对埃塞俄比亚审判后准入安排的看法：一项定性研究。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-05-05 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2497599

Gudina Terefe Tucho, Cynthia Khamala Wangamati, Diribe Makonene Kumsa, Rosemarie de la Cruz Bernabe

{"title":"Perspectives of stakeholders on post-trial access arrangements in Ethiopia: a qualitative study.","authors":"Gudina Terefe Tucho, Cynthia Khamala Wangamati, Diribe Makonene Kumsa, Rosemarie de la Cruz Bernabe","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2025.2497599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2025.2497599","url":null,"abstract":"While there is limited practical experience and guidance on post-trial access (PTA) in clinical trials in low- and middle-income countries, the concept of benefit-sharing is firmly established in international ethical guidelines. Few studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan African on PTA despite its importance in distributive justice. This study aims to explore the stakeholders' perspectives on PTA and its feasibility in Ethiopia. An exploratory qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted with 22 stakeholders involved in clinical trials study and review. Deductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. We found that research participants had limited knowledge on PTA. They opined that both trial participants and communities should benefit from clinical trials and multi-stakeholder collaboration was key in PTA planning and arrangements. However, they were uncertain of PTA feasibility in Ethiopia mostly due to a lack of legislation, regulations and guidelines on PTA and fear of losing sponsors because of increased costs resulting from them being obligated to provide PTA. It was recommended that Ethiopia establishes legislation and guidelines to govern PTA. Multi-stakeholder engagement in PTA planning and arrangements is key for meaningful PTA as the responsibility is shouldered by all parties.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"36 1","pages":"2497599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12054573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interconnected environmental ethics: navigating human, animal, and planetary health in the climate crisis. 相互关联的环境伦理：在气候危机中引导人类、动物和地球健康。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-04-07 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2025.2483053

Elizabeth Cerceo

引用次数: 0

Impact of the contextual factors regarding the COVID-19 pandemic on bereavement: an integrative review of the literature from a bioethical perspective. COVID-19大流行背景因素对丧亲之痛的影响：生物伦理学视角下的文献综合综述

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2025-01-29 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2024.2442162

Luciana Soares Rosas, Mary Rute Gomes Esperandio

{"title":"Impact of the contextual factors regarding the COVID-19 pandemic on bereavement: an integrative review of the literature from a bioethical perspective.","authors":"Luciana Soares Rosas, Mary Rute Gomes Esperandio","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2442162","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2442162","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly transformed grief around the world. What are the impacts of context factors regarding the COVID-19 pandemic on dysfunctional symptoms of grief? This is a study with a qualitative approach, integrative review, whose article data collection was carried out in the following databases: Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Portal Brasileiro de Publicações e Dados Científicos em Acesso Aberto (Oasisbr), United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO) and Web of Science. Thirty-three articles were selected for the analysis. The studies showed different results when the risk factors were detailed individually. However, the pandemic context proved to be a complex element that created vulnerability associated with grieving. Bioethics presents itself as a locus of interdisciplinary discussion for a more profound understanding of the complex specificities and, based on the social and political responsibility of Protection Bioethics to protect vulnerable populations, it is recommended to mental health professionals who intentionally explore the impacts of the pandemic on the grieving process. The suffering of people bereaved during the pandemic must be publicly recognized, offering safe spaces for reception and sharing.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"36 1","pages":"2442162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can biosampling really be "non-invasive"? An examination of the socially invasive nature of physically non-invasive biosampling in urban and rural Malawi. 生物采样真的可以 "非侵入性 "吗？对马拉维城市和农村地区非侵入性生物采样的社会侵入性进行研究。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2024.2398303

Myness Kasanda Ndambo, Christopher Bunn, Martyn Pickersgill, Robert C Stewart, Amelia C Crampin, Maisha Nyasulu, Beatson Kanyenda, Wisdom Mnthali, Eric Umar, Rebecca M Reynolds, Lucinda Manda-Taylor

{"title":"Can biosampling really be \"non-invasive\"? An examination of the socially invasive nature of physically non-invasive biosampling in urban and rural Malawi.","authors":"Myness Kasanda Ndambo, Christopher Bunn, Martyn Pickersgill, Robert C Stewart, Amelia C Crampin, Maisha Nyasulu, Beatson Kanyenda, Wisdom Mnthali, Eric Umar, Rebecca M Reynolds, Lucinda Manda-Taylor","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2398303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2024.2398303","url":null,"abstract":"Glucocorticoids are understood to represent useful biomarkers of stress and can be measured in saliva, hair, and breastmilk. The collection of such biosamples is increasingly included in biobank and cohort studies. While collection is considered \"non-invasive\" by biomedical researchers (compared to sampling blood), community perspectives may differ. This cross-sectional, qualitative study utilising eight focus groups aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of collecting ostensibly \"non-invasive\" biological samples in Malawi. Breastfeeding women, couples, field workers, and healthcare providers were purposively sampled. Data about prior understandings of, barriers to, and feasibility of \"non-invasive\" biosampling were analysed. Participants described biomaterials intended for \"non-invasive\" collection as sometimes highly sensitive, with sampling procedures raising community concerns. Sampling methods framed as physically \"non-invasive\" within biomedicine can consequently be considered socially \"invasive\" by prospective sample donors. Biomedical and community framings of \"invasiveness' can therefore diverge, and the former must respond to and be informed by the perspectives of the latter. Further, considerations of collection procedures are shaped by therapeutic misconceptions about the immediate health-related utility of biomedical and public health research. When researchers engage with communities about biosampling, they must ensure they are not furthering therapeutic misconceptions and actively seek to dispel these.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"35 1","pages":"2398303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11385664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142297493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The expressivist argument for recent policy changes regarding the provision of prenatal testing in Japan. 日本最近关于提供产前检查的政策变化的表达论证。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-09-02 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2024.2398299

Aya Enzo

{"title":"The expressivist argument for recent policy changes regarding the provision of prenatal testing in Japan.","authors":"Aya Enzo","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2398299","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2398299","url":null,"abstract":"The Japanese government and medical professionals have negative attitudes toward the provision of prenatal testing and related information due to social concern regarding discrimination against persons with disabilities. However, with the rapid increase in the number of non-invasive prenatal tests, particularly at non-certificated medical facilities, in response to the growing demand from pregnant women, the Japanese government and medical professional associations have enacted radical changes marking an active commitment to the provision of information on these services. While a major justification for these policy changes is to ensure respect for reproductive autonomy and women's self-determination, they may reinforce the concern regarding discrimination. This article investigated the argument that these new policies may reinforce discrimination and examined three objections to this argument. The results revealed that the recent policy changes, particularly for specific fetal traits, may imply a negative belief about people living with the same traits. Consequently, fundamental institutional changes are necessary.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"35 1","pages":"2398299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11370675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0