Global Bioethics最新文献_第2页

May Artificial Intelligence take health and sustainability on a honeymoon? Towards green technologies for multidimensional health and environmental justice. 人工智能能带着健康和可持续性度蜜月吗？实现多维健康和环境正义的绿色技术。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-03-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2024.2322208

Cristian Moyano-Fernández, Jon Rueda, Janet Delgado, Txetxu Ausín

{"title":"May Artificial Intelligence take health and sustainability on a honeymoon? Towards green technologies for multidimensional health and environmental justice.","authors":"Cristian Moyano-Fernández, Jon Rueda, Janet Delgado, Txetxu Ausín","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2322208","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2024.2322208","url":null,"abstract":"The application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare and epidemiology undoubtedly has many benefits for the population. However, due to its environmental impact, the use of AI can produce social inequalities and long-term environmental damages that may not be thoroughly contemplated. In this paper, we propose to consider the impacts of AI applications in medical care from the One Health paradigm and long-term global health. From health and environmental justice, rather than settling for a short and fleeting green honeymoon between health and sustainability caused by AI, it should aim for a lasting marriage. To this end, we conclude by proposing that, in the upcoming years, it could be valuable and necessary to promote more interconnected health, call for environmental cost transparency, and increase green responsibility. Highlights Using AI in medicine and epidemiology has some benefits in the short term.AI usage may cause social inequalities and environmental damage in the long term.Health justice should be rethought from the One Health perspective.Going beyond anthropocentric and myopic cost-benefit analysis would expand health justice to include an environmental dimension.Greening AI would help to reconcile public and global health measures.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"35 1","pages":"2322208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10930144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Broad consent for biobank research in South Africa - Towards an enabling ethico-legal framework 南非生物库研究的广泛同意--建立有利的伦理-法律框架

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2023.2288331

M. Maseme, Jillian Gardner, Safia Mahomed

引用次数: 0

Applying the ecosystem approach to global bioethics: building on the Leopold legacy 将生态系统方法应用于全球生物伦理：以利奥波德的遗产为基础

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2023.2280289

Antoine Boudreau LeBlanc, B. Williams-Jones

{"title":"Applying the ecosystem approach to global bioethics: building on the Leopold legacy","authors":"Antoine Boudreau LeBlanc, B. Williams-Jones","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2023.2280289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2023.2280289","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT For Van Rensselaer Potter (1911–2001), Global Bio-Ethics is about building on the legacy of Aldo Leopold (1887–1948), one of the most notable forest managers of the twentieth century who brought to light the importance of pragmatism in the sciences and showed us a new way to proceed with environmental ethics. Following Richard Huxtable and Jonathan Ives's methodological 'Framework for Empirical Bioethics Research Projects' called 'Mapping, framing, shaping,' published in BMC Medicine Ethics (2019)), we propose operationalizing a framework for Global Bio-Ethics by hybridizing approaches in empirical bioethics and ecosystem management. We explain this framework using the metaphor of forest management. This mixed approach is articulated through three phases: (1) mapping the “landscape” to build a working theory, (2) framing the “scene” to prepare the fieldwork, and (3) shaping bioethics “tools” to stimulate cooperation. Applying this methodology, an adaptive management cycle is outlined to help ensure that political processes are sustainable and socially acceptable, still based on strategic and ethical thinking, but also capable of reshaping failing policies. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"'It is very difficult in this business if you want to have a good conscience': pharmaceutical governance and on-the-ground ethical labor in Ghana": a letter to editors. “‘如果你想问心无愧，这在这个行业是非常困难的’：加纳的制药治理和实地道德劳动”：致编辑的一封信。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-10-18 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2023.2268885

Livia Maria de Souza Gonçalves, Felipe Felizardo Mattos Vieira, Ariadne Botto Fiorot, Sthefany Brito Salomão, Luciano Soares

引用次数: 0

Ethical implications for children's exclusion in the initial COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana. 加纳将儿童排除在最初的COVID-19疫苗接种之外的伦理影响。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2023.2168170

Samuel Asiedu Owusu

{"title":"Ethical implications for children's exclusion in the initial COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana.","authors":"Samuel Asiedu Owusu","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2023.2168170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2023.2168170","url":null,"abstract":"Bioethics provides various models of fair allocation of scarce health resources like COVID-19 vaccines. Even though these models are grounded in some ethical principles like justice and beneficence, there were severe inequalities in global access to COVID-19 vaccines. In Ghana, about 21.5 million COVID-19-doses have been administered but comprise mainly members of the adult population. As a result, ethical issues related to vaccinating children have been largely ignored in the country. This paper explores some of the ethical implications related to children's exclusion in the initial COVID-19 vaccination programs in Ghana. It provides a general overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana and how it related to children and discusses the risks to which Ghanaian children were exposed by delaying their COVID-19 vaccination. A guide to facilitating the full rollout of COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana for children has been proposed that indicates that a fair vaccine distribution for children should prioritize children on admission at health facilities, those diagnosed with severe underlying health conditions, and children who could play an instrumental role in promoting vaccine uptake. It concludes that children must not be placed at the peripheries of the COVID-19 vaccination program in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9873277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Participant views on practical considerations for feedback of individual genetic research results: a case study from Botswana. 与会者对个别遗传研究结果反馈的实际考虑的看法:来自博茨瓦纳的案例研究。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2023.2192329

Dimpho Ralefala, Mary Kasule, Olivia P Matshabane, Ambroise Wonkam, Mogomotsi Matshaba, Jantina de Vries

{"title":"Participant views on practical considerations for feedback of individual genetic research results: a case study from Botswana.","authors":"Dimpho Ralefala, Mary Kasule, Olivia P Matshabane, Ambroise Wonkam, Mogomotsi Matshaba, Jantina de Vries","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2023.2192329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2023.2192329","url":null,"abstract":"Key to discussions around feedback of individual results from genomics research are practical questions on how such results should be fed back, by who and when. However, there has been virtually no work investigating these practical considerations for feedback of individual genetic results in the context of low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in Africa. Consequently, we conducted deliberative focus group discussions with 6 groups of adolescents (n = 44) who previously participated in a genomics study in Botswana as well as 6 groups of parents and caregivers (n = 49) of children who participated in the same study. We also conducted in-depth interviews with 6 adolescents and 6 parents or caregivers. Our findings revealed that both adolescents and parents would prefer to receive their individual genetic results in person, with adolescents preferring researchers to provide feedback, while parents preferred doctors who are associated with the study. Both adolescents and parents further expressed that feedback should be supported by counselling but differed on the timing of feedback, with preferences ranging from feedback as quickly as possible to feedback at project end. In conclusion, decisions on practicalities for feedback of results should be done in account of participants' context and considerations of participants' preferences.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10101680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9543724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

"It is very difficult in this business if you want to have a good conscience": pharmaceutical governance and on-the-ground ethical labour in Ghana. “在这个行业，如果你想问心无愧是非常困难的”:加纳的制药治理和实地道德劳工。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2022-07-26 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2022.2103899

Kate Hampshire, Simon Mariwah, Daniel Amoako-Sakyi, Heather Hamill

{"title":"\"It is very difficult in this business if you want to have a good conscience\": pharmaceutical governance and on-the-ground ethical labour in Ghana.","authors":"Kate Hampshire, Simon Mariwah, Daniel Amoako-Sakyi, Heather Hamill","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2022.2103899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2022.2103899","url":null,"abstract":"The governance of pharmaceutical medicines entails complex ethical decisions that should, in theory, be the responsibility of democratically accountable government agencies. However, in many Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), regulatory and health systems constraints mean that many people still lack access to safe, appropriate and affordable medication, posing significant ethical challenges for those working on the \"front line\". Drawing on 18 months of fieldwork in Ghana, we present three detailed case studies of individuals in this position: an urban retail pharmacist, a rural over-the-counter medicine retailer, and a local inspector. Through these case studies, we consider the significant burden of \"ethical labour\" borne by those operating \"on the ground\", who navigate complex moral, legal and business imperatives in real time and with very real consequences for those they serve. The paper ends with a reflection on the tensions between abstract, generalised ethical frameworks based on high-level principles, and a pragmatic, contingent ethics-in-practice that foregrounds immediate individual needs - a tension rooted in the gap between the theory and the reality of pharmaceutical governance that shifts the burden of ethical labour downwards and perpetuates long-term public health risks.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"103-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9331207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40574408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Ethical and practical considerations arising from community consultation on implementing controlled human infection studies using Schistosoma mansoni in Uganda. 在乌干达利用曼氏血吸虫开展人类感染控制研究的社区磋商中产生的伦理和实际考虑因素。

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2022-07-04 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2022.2091503

Moses Egesa, Agnes Ssali, Edward Tumwesige, Moses Kizza, Emmanuella Driciru, Fiona Luboga, Meta Roestenberg, Janet Seeley, Alison M Elliott

{"title":"Ethical and practical considerations arising from community consultation on implementing controlled human infection studies using Schistosoma mansoni in Uganda.","authors":"Moses Egesa, Agnes Ssali, Edward Tumwesige, Moses Kizza, Emmanuella Driciru, Fiona Luboga, Meta Roestenberg, Janet Seeley, Alison M Elliott","doi":"10.1080/11287462.2022.2091503","DOIUrl":"10.1080/11287462.2022.2091503","url":null,"abstract":"Issues related to controlled human infection studies using Schistosoma mansoni (CHI-S) were explored to ensure the ethical and voluntary participation of potential CHI-S volunteers in an endemic setting in Uganda. We invited volunteers from a fishing community and a tertiary education community to guide the development of informed consent procedures. Consultative group discussions were held to modify educational materials on schistosomiasis, vaccines and the CHI-S model and similar discussions were held with a test group. With both groups, a mock consent process was conducted. Fourteen in-depth key informant interviews and three group discussions were held to explore perceptions towards participating in a CHI-S. Most of the participants had not heard of the CHI-S. Willingness to take part depended on understanding the study procedures and the consenting process. Close social networks were key in deciding to take part. The worry of adverse effects was cited as a possible hindrance to taking part. Volunteer time compensation was unclear for a CHI-S. Potential volunteers in these communities are willing to take part in a CHI-S. Community engagement is needed to build trust and time must be taken to share study procedures and ensure understanding of key messages.","PeriodicalId":36835,"journal":{"name":"Global Bioethics","volume":"33 1","pages":"78-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9258062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9150945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glocalization of bioethics 生命伦理学的全球本土化

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2022.2052603

Himani Bhakuni

引用次数: 1

Sustainable biobanks: a case study for a green global bioethics. 可持续生物银行:绿色全球生物伦理的案例研究

Global Bioethics Pub Date : 2022-02-24 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11287462.2021.1997428

G Samuel, F Lucivero, A M Lucassen

引用次数: 0