Vision (Switzerland)最新文献_第9页

Familiarity with an Object's Size Influences the Perceived Size of Its Image. 对物体大小的熟悉程度会影响其图像的感知大小。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.3390/vision6010014

Jeroen B J Smeets, Pauline E Weijs, Eli Brenner

{"title":"Familiarity with an Object's Size Influences the Perceived Size of Its Image.","authors":"Jeroen B J Smeets, Pauline E Weijs, Eli Brenner","doi":"10.3390/vision6010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision6010014","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that judgments about objects' distances are influenced by familiar size: a soccer ball looks farther away than a tennis ball if their images are equally large on the retina. We here investigate whether familiar size also influences judgments about the size of images of objects that are presented side-by-side on a computer screen. Sixty-three participants indicated which of two images appeared larger on the screen in a 2-alternative forced-choice discrimination task. The objects were either two different types of balls, two different types of coins, or a ball and a grey disk. We found that the type of ball biased the comparison between their image sizes: the size of the image of the soccer ball was over-estimated by about 5% (assimilation). The bias in the comparison between the two balls was equal to the sum of the biases in the comparisons with the grey disk. The bias for the coins was smaller and in the opposite direction (contrast). The average precision of the size comparison was 3.5%, irrespective of the type of object. We conclude that knowing a depicted object's real size can influence the perceived size of its image, but the perceived size is not always attracted towards the familiar size.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8955019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40318794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ocular Autonomic Nervous System: An Update from Anatomy to Physiological Functions. 眼自主神经系统:从解剖学到生理功能的最新进展。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-01-14 DOI: 10.3390/vision6010006

Feipeng Wu, Yin Zhao, Hong Zhang

引用次数: 9

Prediction Error Stabilization and Long-Term Standard Results with a Monofocal Intraocular Lens. 单焦点人工晶状体的预测误差稳定和长期标准结果。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.3390/vision6010005

Beatríz Macías-Murelaga, Gonzaga Garay-Aramburu, Roberto Bergado-Mijangos, Daniel Coello-Ojeda, Itziar Ozaeta, Pio Jésus Garcia-Gómez, Jesús Garrido-Fierro, Manuel Rodríguez-Vallejo, Joaquín Fernández

{"title":"Prediction Error Stabilization and Long-Term Standard Results with a Monofocal Intraocular Lens.","authors":"Beatríz Macías-Murelaga, Gonzaga Garay-Aramburu, Roberto Bergado-Mijangos, Daniel Coello-Ojeda, Itziar Ozaeta, Pio Jésus Garcia-Gómez, Jesús Garrido-Fierro, Manuel Rodríguez-Vallejo, Joaquín Fernández","doi":"10.3390/vision6010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision6010005","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the stability and differences between objective (O-Rx) and subjective (S-Rx) refraction for the assessment of the prediction error (PE). A secondary aim was to report the results of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). 100 subjects were included for whom S-Rx and O-Rx were obtained for all visits, and for visual performance, posterior capsular opacification incidence and Nd:YAG rates at 12 months. Either S-Rx and O-Rx showed a hyperopic shift from 1 to 6 months (p < 0.05) and stabilization after 6 months. S-Rx was related with the axial length (rho = -0.29, p = 0.007), obtaining a major tendency towards hyperopia in short eyes implanted with high-power IOLs. O-Rx showed a myopic shift in comparison to S-Rx (p < 0.05). This resulted in a decrease of the number of eyes in ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D from 79 to 67% and from 94 to 90%, respectively. The median (interquartile range) uncorrected and corrected visual acuities were 0.1 (0.29) and 0 (0.12) logMAR, respectively, and seven eyes required Nd:YAG capsulotomy at 12 months. Some caution should be taken in PE studies in which O-Rx is used or S-Rx is measured in a 1-month follow-up. Constant optimization should be conducted for this IOL after S-Rx stabilization.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39963357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Bleb-Independent Glaucoma Surgery to Activate the Uveolymphatic Route of Non-Trabecular Aqueous Humor Outflow: Short-Term Clinical and OCT Results. 虹膜睫状体依赖性青光眼手术激活葡萄膜淋巴管非蝶形眼房水外流途径：短期临床和 OCT 结果。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/vision6010004

Vinod Kumar, Kamal Abdulmuhsen Abu Zaalan, Andrey Igorevich Bezzabotnov, Galina Nikolaevna Dushina, Ahmad Saleh Soliman Shradqa, Zarina Shaykuliyevna Rustamova, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Frolov

{"title":"Bleb-Independent Glaucoma Surgery to Activate the Uveolymphatic Route of Non-Trabecular Aqueous Humor Outflow: Short-Term Clinical and OCT Results.","authors":"Vinod Kumar, Kamal Abdulmuhsen Abu Zaalan, Andrey Igorevich Bezzabotnov, Galina Nikolaevna Dushina, Ahmad Saleh Soliman Shradqa, Zarina Shaykuliyevna Rustamova, Mikhail Aleksandrovich Frolov","doi":"10.3390/vision6010004","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vision6010004","url":null,"abstract":"The deep sclerectomy technique was modified to enhance aqueous humor (AH) outflow via the non-trabecular pathway. A pilot study was carried out to assess its safety and effectiveness. Thirty-eight patients were under observation. After superficial scleral flap (4 × 4 mm), deep scleral layers were divided into three parts by three parallel-to-limbus incisions. Deep sclerectomy without creating a window in the Descemetes' membrane was carried out in the distal part. A collagen implant was placed under the sclera of the remaining two parts with one end in the intrascleral pool. The third proximal part was excised to expose the uvea and implant. A Nd:YAG laser trabeculotomy at the surgery site was made on postoperative days 7-10. Outcome measures were IOP change, use of hypotensive medication(s), complications, and the need for a second surgery. At six months, the mean IOP decreased from 29.1 ± 9.2 mm Hg to 14.0 ± 4.3 mm Hg (p = 1.4 × 10-9); hypotensive medication use reduced from 2.9 ± 0.9 to 0.6 ± 1.0 (p = 1.3 × 10-10); complete success was achieved in 68.4% of cases and partial success was achieved in 31.6% of cases. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were rare and manageable. The OCT of the surgery site revealed the absence of bleb in all cases. Lymphatic vessels with characteristic bicuspid valves in their lumen were detected in conjunctiva near the operation site and over it in 32 patients. IOP decrease in the proposed technique was achieved by activation of the uveolymphatic route of AH outflow.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39963359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attentional Orienting in Front and Rear Spaces in a Virtual Reality Discrimination Task. 虚拟现实识别任务中前后空间的注意定向

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/vision6010003

Rébaï Soret, Pom Charras, Christophe Hurter, Vsevolod Peysakhovich

{"title":"Attentional Orienting in Front and Rear Spaces in a Virtual Reality Discrimination Task.","authors":"Rébaï Soret, Pom Charras, Christophe Hurter, Vsevolod Peysakhovich","doi":"10.3390/vision6010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision6010003","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies on covert attention suggested that the visual processing of information in front of us is different, depending on whether the information is present in front of us or if it is a reflection of information behind us (mirror information). This difference in processing suggests that we have different processes for directing our attention to objects in front of us (front space) or behind us (rear space). In this study, we investigated the effects of attentional orienting in front and rear space consecutive of visual or auditory endogenous cues. Twenty-one participants performed a modified version of the Posner paradigm in virtual reality during a spaceship discrimination task. An eye tracker integrated into the virtual reality headset was used to make sure that the participants did not move their eyes and used their covert attention. The results show that informative cues produced faster response times than non-informative cues but no impact on target identification was observed. In addition, we observed faster response times when the target occurred in front space rather than in rear space. These results are consistent with an orienting cognitive process differentiation in the front and rear spaces. Several explanations are discussed. No effect was found on subjects' eye movements, suggesting that participants did not use their overt attention to improve task performance.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8788563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39963354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inefficient Eye Movements: Gamification Improves Task Execution, But Not Fixation Strategy. 低效的眼动：游戏化提高了任务执行，但不能提高固定策略。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030048

Warren R G James, Josephine Reuther, Ellen Angus, Alasdair D F Clarke, Amelia R Hunt

{"title":"Inefficient Eye Movements: Gamification Improves Task Execution, But Not Fixation Strategy.","authors":"Warren R G James, Josephine Reuther, Ellen Angus, Alasdair D F Clarke, Amelia R Hunt","doi":"10.3390/vision3030048","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vision3030048","url":null,"abstract":"Decisions about where to fixate are highly variable and often inefficient. In the current study, we investigated whether such decisions would improve with increased motivation. Participants had to detect a discrimination target, which would appear in one of two boxes, but only after they chose a location to fixate. The distance between boxes determines which location to fixate to maximise the probability of being able to see the target: participants should fixate between the two boxes when they are close together, and on one of the two boxes when they are far apart. We \"gamified\" this task, giving participants easy-to-track rewards that were contingent on discrimination accuracy. Their decisions and performance were compared to previous results that were gathered in the absence of this additional motivation. We used a Bayesian beta regression model to estimate the size of the effect and associated variance. The results demonstrate that discrimination accuracy does indeed improve in the presence of performance-related rewards. However, there was no difference in eye movement strategy between the two groups, suggesting this improvement in accuracy was not due to the participants making more optimal eye movement decisions. Instead, the motivation encouraged participants to expend more effort on other aspects of the task, such as paying more attention to the boxes and making fewer response errors.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6802810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seeing Beyond Salience and Guidance: The Role of Bias and Decision in Visual Search. 超越显著性和引导性的观察：偏见和决策在视觉搜索中的作用。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-09-11 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030046

Alasdair D F Clarke, Anna Nowakowska, Amelia R Hunt

{"title":"Seeing Beyond Salience and Guidance: The Role of Bias and Decision in Visual Search.","authors":"Alasdair D F Clarke, Anna Nowakowska, Amelia R Hunt","doi":"10.3390/vision3030046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3030046","url":null,"abstract":"Visual search is a popular tool for studying a range of questions about perception and attention, thanks to the ease with which the basic paradigm can be controlled and manipulated. While often thought of as a sub-field of vision science, search tasks are significantly more complex than most other perceptual tasks, with strategy and decision playing an essential, but neglected, role. In this review, we briefly describe some of the important theoretical advances about perception and attention that have been gained from studying visual search within the signal detection and guided search frameworks. Under most circumstances, search also involves executing a series of eye movements. We argue that understanding the contribution of biases, routines and strategies to visual search performance over multiple fixations will lead to new insights about these decision-related processes and how they interact with perception and attention. We also highlight the neglected potential for variability, both within and between searchers, to contribute to our understanding of visual search. The exciting challenge will be to account for variations in search performance caused by these numerous factors and their interactions. We conclude the review with some recommendations for ways future research can tackle these challenges to move the field forward.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3030046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Task-Irrelevant Features in Visual Working Memory Influence Covert Attention: Evidence from a Partial Report Task. 视觉工作记忆中与任务无关的特征影响隐蔽注意力：来自部分报告任务的证据。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-08-27 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030042

Rebecca M Foerster, Werner X Schneider

{"title":"Task-Irrelevant Features in Visual Working Memory Influence Covert Attention: Evidence from a Partial Report Task.","authors":"Rebecca M Foerster, Werner X Schneider","doi":"10.3390/vision3030042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3030042","url":null,"abstract":"Selecting a target based on a representation in visual working memory (VWM) affords biasing covert attention towards objects with memory-matching features. Recently, we showed that even task-irrelevant features of a VWM template bias attention. Specifically, when participants had to saccade to a cued shape, distractors sharing the cue's search-irrelevant color captured the eyes. While a saccade always aims at one target location, multiple locations can be attended covertly. Here, we investigated whether covert attention is captured similarly as the eyes. In our partial report task, each trial started with a shape-defined search cue, followed by a fixation cross. Next, two colored shapes, each including a letter, appeared left and right from fixation, followed by masks. The letter inside that shape matching the preceding cue had to be reported. In Experiment 1, either target, distractor, both, or no object matched the cue's irrelevant color. Target-letter reports were most frequent in target-match trials and least frequent in distractor-match trials. Irrelevant cue and target color never matched in Experiment 2. Still, participants reported the distractor more often to the target's disadvantage, when cue and distractor color matched. Thus, irrelevant features of a VWM template can influence covert attention in an involuntarily object-based manner when searching for trial-wise varying targets.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3030042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Grasping Discriminates between Object Sizes Less Not More Accurately than the Perceptual System. 抓取在物体大小之间的判别比感知系统准确得多。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030036

Frederic Göhringer, Miriam Löhr-Limpens, Constanze Hesse, Thomas Schenk

引用次数: 2

The Changing Landscape: High-Level Influences on Eye Movement Guidance in Scenes. 不断变化的风景：对场景中眼动引导的高级影响。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030033

Carrick C Williams, Monica S Castelhano

引用次数: 26