Vision (Switzerland)最新文献_第10页

Task-Irrelevant Features in Visual Working Memory Influence Covert Attention: Evidence from a Partial Report Task. 视觉工作记忆中与任务无关的特征影响隐蔽注意力：来自部分报告任务的证据。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-08-27 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030042

Rebecca M Foerster, Werner X Schneider

{"title":"Task-Irrelevant Features in Visual Working Memory Influence Covert Attention: Evidence from a Partial Report Task.","authors":"Rebecca M Foerster, Werner X Schneider","doi":"10.3390/vision3030042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3030042","url":null,"abstract":"Selecting a target based on a representation in visual working memory (VWM) affords biasing covert attention towards objects with memory-matching features. Recently, we showed that even task-irrelevant features of a VWM template bias attention. Specifically, when participants had to saccade to a cued shape, distractors sharing the cue's search-irrelevant color captured the eyes. While a saccade always aims at one target location, multiple locations can be attended covertly. Here, we investigated whether covert attention is captured similarly as the eyes. In our partial report task, each trial started with a shape-defined search cue, followed by a fixation cross. Next, two colored shapes, each including a letter, appeared left and right from fixation, followed by masks. The letter inside that shape matching the preceding cue had to be reported. In Experiment 1, either target, distractor, both, or no object matched the cue's irrelevant color. Target-letter reports were most frequent in target-match trials and least frequent in distractor-match trials. Irrelevant cue and target color never matched in Experiment 2. Still, participants reported the distractor more often to the target's disadvantage, when cue and distractor color matched. Thus, irrelevant features of a VWM template can influence covert attention in an involuntarily object-based manner when searching for trial-wise varying targets.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3030042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Grasping Discriminates between Object Sizes Less Not More Accurately than the Perceptual System. 抓取在物体大小之间的判别比感知系统准确得多。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030036

Frederic Göhringer, Miriam Löhr-Limpens, Constanze Hesse, Thomas Schenk

引用次数: 2

The Changing Landscape: High-Level Influences on Eye Movement Guidance in Scenes. 不断变化的风景：对场景中眼动引导的高级影响。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.3390/vision3030033

Carrick C Williams, Monica S Castelhano

引用次数: 26

How Does Spatial Attention Influence the Probability and Fidelity of Colour Perception? 空间注意力如何影响颜色感知的概率和保真度？

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020031

Austin J Hurst, Michael A Lawrence, Raymond M Klein

{"title":"How Does Spatial Attention Influence the Probability and Fidelity of Colour Perception?","authors":"Austin J Hurst, Michael A Lawrence, Raymond M Klein","doi":"10.3390/vision3020031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3020031","url":null,"abstract":"Existing research has found that spatial attention alters how various stimulus properties are perceived (e.g., luminance, saturation), but few have explored whether it improves the accuracy of perception. To address this question, we performed two experiments using modified Posner cueing tasks, wherein participants made speeded detection responses to peripheral colour targets and then indicated their perceived colours on a colour wheel. In E1, cues were central and endogenous (i.e., prompted voluntary attention) and the interval between cues and targets (stimulus onset asynchrony, or SOA) was always 800 ms. In E2, cues were peripheral and exogenous (i.e., captured attention involuntarily) and the SOA varied between short (100 ms) and long (800 ms). A Bayesian mixed-model analysis was used to isolate the effects of attention on the probability and the fidelity of colour encoding. Both endogenous and short-SOA exogenous spatial cueing improved the probability of encoding the colour of targets. Improved fidelity of encoding was observed in the endogenous but not in the exogenous cueing paradigm. With exogenous cues, inhibition of return (IOR) was observed in both RT and probability at the long SOA. Overall, our findings reinforce the utility of continuous response variables in the research of attention.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3020031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contextually-Based Social Attention Diverges across Covert and Overt Measures. 基于语境的社会注意力在隐性和显性测量中存在差异。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-06-10 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020029

Effie J Pereira, Elina Birmingham, Jelena Ristic

{"title":"Contextually-Based Social Attention Diverges across Covert and Overt Measures.","authors":"Effie J Pereira, Elina Birmingham, Jelena Ristic","doi":"10.3390/vision3020029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3020029","url":null,"abstract":"Humans spontaneously attend to social cues like faces and eyes. However, recent data show that this behavior is significantly weakened when visual content, such as luminance and configuration of internal features, as well as visual context, such as background and facial expression, are controlled. Here, we investigated attentional biasing elicited in response to information presented within appropriate background contexts. Using a dot-probe task, participants were presented with a face-house cue pair, with a person sitting in a room and a house positioned within a picture hanging on a wall. A response target occurred at the previous location of the eyes, mouth, top of the house, or bottom of the house. Experiment 1 measured covert attention by assessing manual responses while participants maintained central fixation. Experiment 2 measured overt attention by assessing eye movements using an eye tracker. The data from both experiments indicated no evidence of spontaneous attentional biasing towards faces or facial features in manual responses; however, an infrequent, though reliable, overt bias towards the eyes of faces emerged. Together, these findings suggest that contextually-based social information does not determine spontaneous social attentional biasing in manual measures, although it may act to facilitate oculomotor behavior.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3020029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Recent Advances of Computerized Graphical Methods for the Detection and Progress Assessment of Visual Distortion Caused by Macular Disorders. 黄斑疾病引起的视觉畸变的计算机图形检测和进展评估方法的最新进展。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-06-05 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020025

Navid Mohaghegh, Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh, Sebastian Magierowski

引用次数: 3

The Changing Role of Phonology in Reading Development. 语音学在阅读发展中不断变化的作用。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020023

Sara V Milledge, Hazel I Blythe

引用次数: 13

What Can Eye Movements Tell Us about Subtle Cognitive Processing Differences in Autism? 眼动能告诉我们自闭症患者细微的认知加工差异吗？

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-05-24 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020022

Philippa L Howard, Li Zhang, Valerie Benson

{"title":"What Can Eye Movements Tell Us about Subtle Cognitive Processing Differences in Autism?","authors":"Philippa L Howard, Li Zhang, Valerie Benson","doi":"10.3390/vision3020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3020022","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is neurodevelopmental condition principally characterised by impairments in social interaction and communication, and repetitive behaviours and interests. This article reviews the eye movement studies designed to investigate the underlying sampling or processing differences that might account for the principal characteristics of autism. Following a brief summary of a previous review chapter by one of the authors of the current paper, a detailed review of eye movement studies investigating various aspects of processing in autism over the last decade will be presented. The literature will be organised into sections covering different cognitive components, including language and social communication and interaction studies. The aim of the review will be to show how eye movement studies provide a very useful on-line processing measure, allowing us to account for observed differences in behavioural data (accuracy and reaction times). The subtle processing differences that eye movement data reveal in both language and social processing have the potential to impact in the everyday communication domain in autism.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3020022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Eye Movements Actively Reinstate Spatiotemporal Mnemonic Content. 眼动主动恢复时空记忆内容。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-05-18 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020021

Jordana S Wynn, Kelly Shen, Jennifer D Ryan

引用次数: 51

Meaning and Attentional Guidance in Scenes: A Review of the Meaning Map Approach. 场景中的意义和注意引导：意义图方法综述。

Vision (Switzerland) Pub Date : 2019-05-10 DOI: 10.3390/vision3020019

John M Henderson, Taylor R Hayes, Candace E Peacock, Gwendolyn Rehrig

{"title":"Meaning and Attentional Guidance in Scenes: A Review of the Meaning Map Approach.","authors":"John M Henderson, Taylor R Hayes, Candace E Peacock, Gwendolyn Rehrig","doi":"10.3390/vision3020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vision3020019","url":null,"abstract":"Perception of a complex visual scene requires that important regions be prioritized and attentionally selected for processing. What is the basis for this selection? Although much research has focused on image salience as an important factor guiding attention, relatively little work has focused on semantic salience. To address this imbalance, we have recently developed a new method for measuring, representing, and evaluating the role of meaning in scenes. In this method, the spatial distribution of semantic features in a scene is represented as a meaning map. Meaning maps are generated from crowd-sourced responses given by naïve subjects who rate the meaningfulness of a large number of scene patches drawn from each scene. Meaning maps are coded in the same format as traditional image saliency maps, and therefore both types of maps can be directly evaluated against each other and against maps of the spatial distribution of attention derived from viewers' eye fixations. In this review we describe our work focusing on comparing the influences of meaning and image salience on attentional guidance in real-world scenes across a variety of viewing tasks that we have investigated, including memorization, aesthetic judgment, scene description, and saliency search and judgment. Overall, we have found that both meaning and salience predict the spatial distribution of attention in a scene, but that when the correlation between meaning and salience is statistically controlled, only meaning uniquely accounts for variance in attention.","PeriodicalId":36586,"journal":{"name":"Vision (Switzerland)","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3390/vision3020019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40