Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Our Lives, Our Voices: Impact of Self-Advocacy Program on Persons with Intellectual Developmental Disability","authors":"Karmun Chong,&nbsp;Kimberly J. Cheah,&nbsp;Vimallan Manokara","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00372-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00372-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The impact of self-advocacy for persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities (PwIDDs) in improving their quality of life has been well-documented internationally but how the unique characteristics of Singapore could moderate the beneficial effects of self-advocacy remained unexplored. An evaluation of Our Lives, Our Voices (OLOV), a self-advocacy program for PwIDDs in Singapore, was undertaken with the aim of (1) measuring the effectiveness of the program in promoting self-advocacy within PwIDDs, (2) identifying the contributing factors to one’s growth in autonomy and confidence, and (3) factors that facilitate and hinder self-advocacy.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using the mixed-methods approach, Phase 1 sought to measure the change in outcomes among the 10-week intakes, while Phase 2 identified key enabling and disabling factors contributing to the efficacy of the OLOV program. Before focus group discussions, caregivers and staff completed questionnaires to collect demographic information, and observations were conducted on self-advocates to facilitate discussions. Discussions were held with caregivers, staff, and self-advocates, with 91 and 96 participants in Phase 1 and Phase 2 evaluations, respectively.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The OLOV program was successful in supporting self-advocates to attain improved outcomes in four domains: (1) Awareness of Rights, (2) Communication Skills, (3) Confidence to Speak Up, and (4) Ability to Practice Skills. The paper also highlighted factors that were found to facilitate one’s willingness to advocate for the self as well as those that discouraged the practice of self-advocacy.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study underscored the importance of fostering self-confidence and a sense of autonomy among persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities as a means of encouraging them to advocate for themselves. In line with previous research, the potential of self-advocacy programs not only empowered PwIDDs but also promoted social inclusion by facilitating more positive interactions between PwIDDs and the general public. Additionally, the research identifies key factors that should be considered in the development of such programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organisation-Wide Interventions to Reduce Behaviours of Concern as well as Restrictive Practices with Children or Adults with a Neurodevelopmental Disorder: a Systematic Review","authors":"Michelle A. Iffland,&nbsp;Donna M. Gillies,&nbsp;Audrey Aghaji","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00370-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00370-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Reducing and eliminating the use of Restrictive Practices (RPs) is consistent with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). This systematic review examines the effectiveness of organisation-wide interventions in reducing behaviours of concern (BoC) and the use of RPs in people with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>19 electronic databases were searched up to February 2021 for literature, with no language restrictions applied. This systematic review of interventions included any publication aimed at reducing the use of RPs and/or BoC in organisations providing services to people with any NDD.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 15 studies were included in the review. Seven were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and eight non-RCTs. Most studies focussed on workplace education and training. There was evidence that staff training in Positive Behaviour Support (PBS) and mindfulness-based PBS (MBPBS) reduced aggression, the use of chemical and physical restraints, and peer and staff injuries (MBPBS) in the medium term. A multi-component intervention also showed evidence of a reduction in behaviours of concern in the medium and long term.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A number of studies showed that organisation-wide PBS training, particularly MBPBS training, can reduce BoC and the use of RPs. One multi-component study also substantially reduced BoC. Organisational strategies such as these can improve the rights of people with disability by reducing the use of RPs. However, the generalisability of these findings may be limited as all comparisons were single studies which had potential biases. We are also not able to say whether these findings can be generalised to children, and adults with other neurodevelopmental disabilities, as all but one study focused on adults with intellectual disabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macro- and Microstates of Resting-State EEG in Children with Low-Functioning Autism","authors":"Galina Portnova, Olga Martynova","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00374-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-023-00374-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessing Community Settings by Creating Safe Practice Contexts: An Ecologically Valid Applied Behavior Analytic Understanding","authors":"Jennifer Quigley, Art Dowdy, Lauren Palmieri Haneman","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00369-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-023-00369-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139267534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances and Challenges in the Assessment of Executive Functions in Under 36 Months: a Scoping Review","authors":"Valeria Escobar-Ruiz,&nbsp;Pedro I. Arias-Vázquez,&nbsp;Carlos A. Tovilla-Zárate,&nbsp;Eduardo Doval,&nbsp;Maria C. Jané-Ballabriga","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00366-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00366-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Neurodevelopmental disorders present deficits in executive functions (EFs). Before 36 months old, EFs act as basic abilities that allow adequate executive functioning at later ages. Three basic EFs are assessable before the child reaches 36 months old: working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. This review aims to provide an overview of the progress and difficulties in assessing these three basic executive functions before children reach 36 months old.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Four databases were systematically searched without time or language limitations. The selection process was done using a PRISMA flowchart for scoping reviews. Sixteen studies were included, all in English and published between 2004 and 2021.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 277 studies, 16 met the inclusion criteria. The general data of the studies were summarized, such as sample age, type of study, measurement features, types of EFs assessed, task names, internal structure, reliability, and main contributions. The findings on available tasks and scales, factor structure, biological and environmental factors, and the variables influencing EFs before 36 months old are described.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Multiple factors influenced the evolution of EFs. The unidimensional model seems to better explain EFs before 36 months old. Expanding psychometric research with large samples and studying samples of children with symptoms at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders may help to improve the measurement of EFs before 36 months old.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41252-023-00366-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self- and Informant Report in a First-Time Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adulthood: the Role of Females","authors":"Antonio F. Pagán, Amy K. Izuno-Garcia, Killian R. Hughes, Katherine S. Chapman, Katherine A. Loveland","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00371-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-023-00371-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135137227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Impairment in the Autistic Spectrum: Real-Life Versus Online Perceived Social Skills","authors":"Rachel Poulain,&nbsp;Céline Cappe,&nbsp;Magali Batty","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00368-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00368-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>While socio-communicative difficulties are identified as a core diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is growing evidence that social difficulties could be context-dependent and could be overcome by the use of online communication. Beyond the spectrum, the symptoms of ASD can be met in the general population at a milder scale, leading researchers to extend their work to subjects with high autistic traits, also called the broader autism phenotype. The present study explored online versus real life social skills in the general population according to the level of autistic traits.</p><h3>Method</h3><p>Seventy-one adults without ASD (from 18 to 55 years old) reporting using social networks completed a questionnaire assessing their real-life and online social skills. Their autistic traits were assessed using the autistic quotient (AQ).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Results showed a direct influence of the level of autistic traits on real-life and online social skills: Participants having high autistic traits demonstrated a lower level of real-life social skills <i>(r = − 0.26, p &lt; 0.05</i>) and conversely higher online social skills <i>(r = 0.28, p &lt; 0.05</i>), suggesting that social difficulties might be context-dependent.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While further studies are needed in a population with ASD, our results report preliminary evidence of the potential benefit of online social interactions within the autistic spectrum. Further studies in ASD could consider the potential for using an electronic mediator within social remediations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restrictive Practice Use in People with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ben Younan,&nbsp;Mikaela Jorgensen,&nbsp;Jeffrey Chan,&nbsp;Teresa Winata,&nbsp;Donna Gillies","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00367-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00367-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Restrictive practices (RP) include any practice or intervention that infringes on the rights and freedom of movement of people with disability, including those with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). The use of RP is inconsistent with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The objective of this systematic review was to estimate the use of RP internationally and identify factors associated with RP use.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six electronic databases alongside a comprehensive online search were conducted for literature up to 12th December 2022. This systematic review included any publication published within the past 18 years that reported the rate of RP in at least 250 people in residential, community, and hospital settings who had a NDD.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty publications reporting thirty datasets were included in this review. Sample sizes ranged from 268 to 107,392. Overall rates of RP ranged from 6% to 78% across different timeframes and populations. Chemical restraint was the most commonly reported RP, with 12 of 20 publications (60%) reporting rates across one or more timeframes. Higher prevalence of RP were found in populations with higher reported mental illness and behaviors of concern.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The very considerable differences between publications and limited data means that the rates of RP are variable. The high variability appears to be attributable to methodological differences. Requiring the reporting of RP through legislation is one mechanism that can support better monitoring of RP and ultimately ensure progress is being made towards CRPD obligations to uphold human rights.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Prescribing of Psychotropic Medications for People with Neurodevelopmental Disorders","authors":"Shoumitro Deb,&nbsp;Bharati Limbu,&nbsp;Annamaria Bianco,&nbsp;Marco Bertelli","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00365-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00365-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>People with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and autism are subjected to restrictive practices like physical restraint and the overuse of psychotropic medications for challenging behaviour in the absence of a psychiatric disorder. This practice may lead to human rights violations. Rational and evidence-based shared decision-making for person-centred planning will help reduce this practice.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We have discussed in this paper the issue of the overmedication of people with NDD, explaining how this practice may violate the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We have discussed how the following UN CRPD Articles may be affected by overmedication, including Article 15 (degrading treatment or punishment), 16 (abuse), 17 (the integrity of the person), and 25 (health). The other Articles that may be indirectly affected by this practice are 5 (equality and non-discrimination), 9 (accessibility), 19 (independent living and community inclusion), 21 (access to information), 24 (education), 26 (rehabilitation), 27 (work and employment), 28 (adequate living standard), and 30 (participation in recreation and leisure).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overmedication of people with NDD, particularly the off-licence use of psychotropics for challenging behaviour, the side effects of these medications impacting the person’s quality of life are likely to violet several UN Articles on Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Following the right guidelines may help reduce these human rights violations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s41252-023-00365-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of a Family-Based Judo Program for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Jeanette M. Garcia,&nbsp;Caitlyn Perry,&nbsp;Michelle Murray,&nbsp;Riley Shurack,&nbsp;Keith Brazendale,&nbsp;David H. Fukuda","doi":"10.1007/s41252-023-00363-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s41252-023-00363-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Martial arts, such as judo, may improve health outcomes in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the inclusion of parents in this activity may offer additional benefits. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a 15-week family judo program for autistic youth.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nine children and their parents participated in the family class, and eight children participated in a child-only class as a comparison group. Judo sessions were held weekly for 45 min. Seven areas of feasibility (acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, adaptation, expansion, preliminary efficacy) were assessed using attendance records, retention and recruitment rates, observation notes, and parent/instructor open-ended surveys. The Autism Behavior Inventory Short-Form (ABI-SF) was administered at baseline and post-judo to assess changes in ASD-related behaviors.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The family class had a significantly higher attendance rate (13.22 ± .44 classes) compared to the child-only class (9.9 ± 2.5 classes, <i>p</i> = 0.007), with 100% of the family class attending at least 80% of the sessions, compared to 38% of the child-only class (<i>p</i> = 0.005). There was a significant improvement in social communication and self-regulation subscales from the ABI-SF post-judo in the family class, but no changes were observed in the child-only class. Parent open-ended survey responses indicated an observed increase in child physical activity and self-confidence post program in the family class.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The family judo class appeared both feasible and acceptable to participating families. Future studies should examine the physical and psychosocial benefits of a family program using larger samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36163,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}