Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Are ultra-processed plant-based meats better than the alternative?” [Clin Nutr Open Sci 61 (2025) 241–252]","authors":"Michael Greger","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Page 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of behavioral non- communicable diseases risk factors among black Africans in peri-urban community in South Africa","authors":"Sifundile Zamazulu Maphumulo ,&nbsp;Gerrit Jan Breukelman ,&nbsp;Brandon Shaw ,&nbsp;Ina Shaw","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of mortality in South Africa, with their burden influenced by lifestyle, living conditions, ethnicity, and gender.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study (N=100; n=50 males, n=50 females; mean age 25.15 ± 5.98) followed the WHO STEPwise approach which ensured systematic data collection. Standardized self-reported questionnaires were used to gather data on key behavioural risk factors, including tobacco use, physical activity, and dietary behaviours. The data collection was conducted over a four-month period, during which participants first completed qualitative questionnaires to provide insights into their lifestyle behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Physical inactivity emerged as the most prevalent risk factor (20%), followed by tobacco use (17%) and poor nutrition (14%). Smoking rates were significantly higher among males compared to females (26% vs. 8%; <em>P</em> = 0.04), and among younger participants (≤25 years) compared to older ones (24.56% vs. 6.97%; <em>P</em> = 0.01). Poor nutrition was also more common in younger individuals (<em>P</em> = 0.05). While females reported lower smoking rates, they exhibited higher levels of physical inactivity than males (23% vs. 14%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the persistent prevalence of modifiable behavioural risk factors for NCDs among young adults in South Africa, with distinct age and gender-related patterns. Targeted interventions addressing physical inactivity, tobacco use, and poor nutrition, particularly among males and younger individuals, are essential for reducing the long-term burden of NCDs. Gender-sensitive and age-specific public health strategies may improve lifestyle behaviours and contribute to more effective NCD prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of feeding practices of caregivers of infants aged 0–6 months residing in urban and rural areas of Limpopo province, South Africa","authors":"M.S. Makwela ,&nbsp;E. Maimela ,&nbsp;C.B. Ntimana ,&nbsp;R.G. Mashaba ,&nbsp;M.M. Bopape","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in South Africa have remained low for nearly two decades, with 7% in 2003 and 12% in 2008. While the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) reported an increase to 32% for infants aged 0–5 months, data on breastfeeding practices in urban and rural areas remain limited. Hence, the study aimed to compare feeding practices of caregivers of infants aged 0–6 months residing in urban and rural areas of Limpopo Province, South Africa.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional, facility-based quantitative study. Convenient sampling was used to select 146 caregivers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 29. Chi-square test was applied to determine the relationship at a 95% confidence interval, where a P-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of EBF was higher in caregivers residing in rural areas (41% versus 39%), while mixed feeding was prevalent in urban areas (56% versus 52%). Meanwhile, the proposition of mixed feeding increased with the increase in the age of the infants. There was no significant difference in both groups in terms of as age of the caregivers, level of education, home language, and employment status. Breastfeeding practices improve with increasing age of the caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caregivers who reside in urban areas tend to practice EBF less compared to those in rural areas. Interventions to promote EBF should focus on women living in urban areas. Breastfeeding increases with the increasing age of the caregivers, therefore, educational interventions that focus on best infant feeding practice, including EBF and misconceptions around EBF, should be implemented with a special focus on younger caregivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measured versus predicted resting metabolic rate in patients hospitalised due to a diabetic foot ulcer: a prospective observational cohort study","authors":"Lora Van Loenhout ,&nbsp;Eline Snijders ,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Vercammen ,&nbsp;Kristof Van Dessel ,&nbsp;An Verrijken ,&nbsp;Patrick Lauwers ,&nbsp;Eveline Dirinck","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; Aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to assess the eventual discrepancy between predicted resting metabolic rate (p-RMR) using equations (Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin-St. Jeor (MSJ), World Health Organization (WHO), Cunningham (CU), Lührmann (LU) and Owen) and the gold standard of the measured resting metabolic rate (m-RMR) using indirect calorimetry (IC), in patients admitted to the Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) with a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Secondly, the impact of nutritional status on this discrepancy was assessed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This prospective observational cohort study recruited patients admitted to the UZA due to a DFU from November 1st, 2021, to June 30th, 2023. A thorough nutritional assessment (nutritional questionnaires, anthropometry and bio-electrical impedance analysis) was performed upon admission. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were used to diagnose malnutrition. On admission, daily caloric requirements were measured by IC and predicted using six equations (MSJ, HB, WHO, CU, LU and Owen). Data were analysed using paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots to assess statistically significant and clinically significant (&gt;150 kcal/day) differences.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 59 subjects were enrolled in this study, including 46 men (78%). Patients included had a median age of 74 (38–90) years, had diabetes for 21±15 years and had a median Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27,1 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Fifty-four percent were malnourished on admission. The mean m-RMR using IC was 1570±290 kcal/day while the mean p-RMR were 1584±241 kcal/day (MSJ), 1625±263 kcal/day (HB), 1685±210 kcal/day (WHO), 1596±203 kcal/day (CU), 1666±249 kcal/day (LU) and 1525±222 kcal/day (Owen). The WHO equation overestimated the m-RMR to the greatest extent (+115±213 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;0,001), followed by the Lührmann equation (+96±229 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,002). The equation most precisely predicting the m-RMR values was the MSJ equation (+14±213 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,610). The MSJ, WHO and Owen equations differed on average more from the m-RMR in patients who were malnourished (MSJ: +24±212 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,523) (WHO: +137±217 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,001) (Owen: -63±217 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,109) than in patients who were normally fed (MSJ: +2±218 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,955) (WHO: +90±211 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,036) (Owen: -23±188 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,524). For the HB, CU and LU equations, the p-RMR differed on average more from the m-RMR in patients who were normally fed (HB: +57±216 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,185) (CU: +42±189 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,261) (LU: +96±229 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,038) than in malnourished patients (HB: +54±218 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,174) (CU: +12±216 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,760) (LU: +96±232 kcal/day; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0,027). For all equations, a subset of patients (WHO: 27/59; HB: 28/59; MSJ: 25/59; Owen: 22/59; CU: 20/59; LU: 28/59) e","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 63-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The energy requirement after ICU discharge and strategies to improve nutritional adequacy","authors":"Marialaura Scarcella ,&nbsp;Luca D’Alessandro ,&nbsp;Emidio Scarpellini ,&nbsp;Ludovico Abenavoli ,&nbsp;Ioannis Alexandros ,&nbsp;Edoardo De Robertis ,&nbsp;Antonella Cotoia","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition from intensive care unit (ICU) to general wards marks a critical juncture in the recovery of critically ill patients, characterized by persistently high metabolic demands and vulnerability to malnutrition. Despite growing awareness of the importance of nutrition during this phase, there is a significant evidence gap regarding specific energy and protein requirements post-ICU discharge. This review explores the current recommendations and literature on energy and protein provision in ICU survivors, highlighting the complexity of post-ICU nutritional needs driven by hypermetabolism, physical rehabilitation, and the presence of anabolic resistance in older and frail patients. The inadequacy of nutritional intake in post-ICU settings is consistently reported, particularly among patients relying solely on oral nutrition. Barriers such as appetite dysregulation, dysphagia, post-intensive care syndrome, and systemic issues including rigid food service structures further compromise recovery. Innovative strategies, including the use of indirect calorimetry, targeted supplementation, and personalized nutritional interventions, are essential to bridge this “nutritional gap.” This review underscores the need for structured post-ICU nutritional care pathways, interdisciplinary coordination, and continued research to define evidence-based targets for energy and protein intake during convalescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"K. Mallon ,&nbsp;C. McBride ,&nbsp;C. O’Morain ,&nbsp;G.A. Doherty ,&nbsp;R. Burns","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Existing evidence indicates that diet is a modifiable risk factor for IBD. However, data on certain nutrients, food groups and individual food items and their associations with IBD is still lacking. This review aims to systematically assess which dietary factors are associated with the onset of IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Computerised bibliographic searches of Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register) were conducted. Studies were included if they were case-control, cohort studies or randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the association between dietary risk factors and onset of IBD and if they included patients with a diagnosis of IBD (including Crohn's Disease [CD] and/or Ulcerative Colitis [UC]), defined and measured according to clinical symptoms, endoscopy, and histology. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using random effects models to provide risk estimates for the associations between dietary factors and IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty eligible studies were identified and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, encompassing 10 case-control and 10 cohort studies, with no RCTs identified. A total of 4,332 patients with IBD were included (1554 CD; 2550 UC; 225 IBD; 3 IBD unclassified [IBDU]). Nine significant predictors of IBD risk were identified. Pooled analysis highlighted a decreased risk of overall IBD was associated with high intakes of fruit (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.45–0.96), vegetables (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.19–0.78), carbohydrates (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.89), rice (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.32–0.97), milk (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25–0.62), dairy (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.38–0.97), vitamin C (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.35–0.96) and vitamin D (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.46–0.97). High protein intake was associated with a 4.1-fold (RR 4.07, 95% CI 1.51–6.62) increased risk of IBD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the potential role of diet as a modifiable risk factor for IBD. From a patient management perspective, our results may aid clinicians and dietary practitioners in guiding dietary interventions and modifications, particularly in those at a high-risk of developing the disease. Moreover, our results provide novel data on specific food items and vitamins which may confer a protective effect against IBD, of which evidence has previously been lacking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 12-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic role of malnutrition in pulmonary hypertension","authors":"Arif Albulushi ,&nbsp;Morgan Newlun ,&nbsp;Amanda Sooter ,&nbsp;Lauren Grieb ,&nbsp;Radha Kanneganti Perue","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malnutrition is a common yet underrecognized comorbidity in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and may adversely affect patient outcomes. This study evaluated the prognostic impact of malnutrition in PH patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort of 350 PH patients treated at a U.S. tertiary center between January 2017 and December 2023 was analyzed. Patients were stratified into four groups based on nutritional status. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox regression identified predictors of mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 350 patients, 22.8% had severe malnutrition, which was significantly associated with lower median survival (18 vs. 36 months, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). In adjusted models, severe malnutrition independently predicted increased mortality (HR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.8–3.6; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Other predictors included age (HR: 1.03), NYHA class III-IV (HR: 1.8), elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (HR: 1.05), low serum albumin (HR: 0.6), and comorbidities (HR: 1.4).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Severe malnutrition is a strong, independent predictor of mortality in PH patients. Routine nutritional assessment and early intervention may improve survival and clinical outcomes in this high-risk population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of lead acetate-induced testicular dysfunction in male wistar rats: A possible role for combined extracts of Syzygium aromaticum and Xylopia aethiopica seeds","authors":"Emmanuel Nnaemeka Uhuo,&nbsp;Paulinus Chinedu Nwuke,&nbsp;Chiemeziem Adnma Obike,&nbsp;Prince Ogochukwu Alaebo,&nbsp;Becky Chinyere Odili","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lead acetate poisoning induces testicular dysfunction through the enhancement of oxidative stress and morphological abnormalities in the testes. Phytoconstituents exhibit antioxidative effects that enhance sperm parameters. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of a combination extract of <em>Syzygium aromaticum</em> and <em>Xylopia aethiopica</em> seeds (1:1 ratio) in mitigating lead-induced testicular dysfunction in Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n=5): (i) Normal Control (NC), (ii) Lead Acetate Control (PbC), (iii) Lead Acetate + 200 mg/Kg (Pb-200), and (iv) Lead Acetate + 400 mg/Kg (Pb-400). Groups ii-iv received 60 mg/kg of lead acetate orally, followed by the administration of the extract after a 30-minute interval per day for 28 days. Subsequently, relative weight, testicular weight, sperm parameters, reproductive hormones, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes, and lipid profile were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Testicular and associated weight exhibited a substantial reduction (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in NC compared to PbC. A comparable trend was observed in Pb-200 and Pb-400 relative to NC. The percentage of aberrant morphology considerably rose (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in PbC and decreased in Pb-200 and Pb-400. A reduction in pH was observed in PbC compared to NC and the treatment groups. Sperm count, motility, and viability were decreased (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in PbC compared to Pb-200 and Pb-400.Likewise, serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and glutathione exhibited a similar pattern. A notable reduction (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in malondialdehyde, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was seen in PbC compared to the treatment groups and NC. A reduction in these parameters was recorded in Pb-400 compared to Pb-200. Moreover, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase exhibited a substantial reduction (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05) in PbC compared to Pb-200, Pb-400, and NC. The activity of these enzymes was elevated in Pb-400 relative to Pb-200.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combined extracts of S. <em>aromaticum</em> and <em>X. aethiopica</em> seeds mitigate lead acetate-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats through their antioxidant capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 246-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional interventions and barriers for patients early after burn injury: A retrospective evaluation of medical records","authors":"Josefin Dimander ,&nbsp;Agneta Andersson ,&nbsp;Fredrik Huss ,&nbsp;Catarina Lindqvist","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Inadequate intake and barriers to nutritional therapy are challenges in burn care. Post-burn injury nutritional care practices are rarely reported, particularly after minor injuries. The aim of this study was to describe nutritional interventions, identify barriers to nutritional intervention, and compare the documentation of nutrition for patients after minor and major burn injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective single-centre medical record review was conducted on patients aged 18 and older who were admitted for more than 72 h between 2017 and 2019 at one of Sweden's two national burn centres. A content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data, and differences were explored between patients with minor and major burn injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 134 patients were included in the study: 90 patients had minor burn injuries (mean total burn surface area (TBSA) 8.1 % ± 5.0), and 44 patients had major burn injuries (mean TBSA 37.8 % ± 17.2). Nutritional supplement therapy (93 %) and nutrition prescription (91 %) were the most common interventions. Interventions targeting meals and snacks (43 %) and meal support (40 %), were documented less frequently. Fasting (93 %) and gastrointestinal symptoms (49 %) were the most common barriers.</div><div>Significantly more interventions (including enteral/parenteral nutrition, and vitamin/mineral supplementation) and barriers (primarily related to enteral nutrition and fasting) were documented for patients with major burn injuries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study concludes that while most patients have oral intake, vitamin and mineral supplementation and medical nutritional therapy were more frequently documented than meal/snack interventions and meal support. The lack of dietary interventions, whether unperformed or undocumented, needs further investigation. Frequent documentation of barriers to nutritional interventions suggests that patients post-burn injury are at risk of inadequate energy and protein intake. Therefore, emphasising nutritional therapy and its documentation in post-burn care is crucial, regardless of burn severity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 218-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144563297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of central parenteral nutrition with a 1:1 ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in postsurgical gastric cancer patients: A pilot randomized controlled trial","authors":"Ju-Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Sang-Yong Son ,&nbsp;Dong-Seok Han ,&nbsp;Han Hong Lee ,&nbsp;Hoon Hur ,&nbsp;Seung Wan Ryu ,&nbsp;Do Joong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been reported to exert clinical benefits including anti-inflammatory effects, immune modulation, and improved postoperative recovery. This study aimed to investigate the effects of central parenteral nutrition (CPN) with a 1:1 ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs on postoperative morbidity and lipid profile in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty gastric cancer patients undergoing elective gastrectomy were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=31) and control (n=29) groups. The experimental group received CPN with a 1:1 ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs and taurine during the postoperative nil-per-os period (days 1–3), while the control group received CPN with a 1:2 ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs. Adverse drug reactions, overall adverse events, nitrogen balance, inflammatory indicators (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), nutrition parameters (hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, prealbumin, transferrin), and fatty acid parameters (linoleic acid [LA, n-6], arachidonic acid [n-6], eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA, n-3], docosahexaenoic acid [DHA, n-3]) were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No adverse drug reactions were observed in either group. Overall adverse event rates were similar between the groups. No significant differences were observed between the groups in changes in nutritional indicators or inflammatory markers. While the experimental group showed a trend toward improvement in nitrogen balance compared to the control group (0.63±2.37 vs. -1.24±4.57 g/day), this difference did not remain statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Among the measured fatty acids, only the increase in EPA levels reached statistical significance after correction (57.50±31.45 μg/mL vs. 35.79±14.94 μg/mL, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001). Increases in DHA levels and attenuation of LA increase showed favorable trends in the experimental group but were not statistically significant when accounting for multiple testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parenteral nutrition with a 1:1 ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFAs appears to be safe and may help modify fatty acid profiles in postoperative gastric cancer patients. Further large-scale studies are needed to validate these findings and evaluate their clinical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration number and date</h3><div><span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (NCT05299099); March 28, 2022.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 233-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}