Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effectiveness of omega-3 supplementation in reducing the degree of steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction in adults” [Clinical Nutrition Open Science 64 (2025) 255–265]","authors":"María Dolores Mondéjar Barrios , Karem Justhin Rodas Trujillo , Juana Olga Espíritu Aguirre , Matilde Anais Matos Inga , Sandra Lisseth Mori Díaz , Luis Alberto Cabanillas Chirinos","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multicenter study evaluating the gastrointestinal tolerance and acceptability of a novel high-energy, high-protein, plant-based enteral tube feed for adults","authors":"James Evans ,&nbsp;Antonino Salvia ,&nbsp;Rosa Maria Burgos ,&nbsp;Fernanda Mucarzel ,&nbsp;Sharan Saduera","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>In 2023, 2.6 million Europeans were estimated to be vegan, approximately 3 % of the European population. Few plant-based products exist for patients who need tube feeding. Furthermore, the tube-fed population often have gastrointestinal intolerance to milk-based proteins due to underlying pathology. A plant-based feed may be better tolerated. This study aimed to evaluate acceptability, compliance and gastrointestinal tolerance of a novel high-energy, high-protein, plant-based enteral tube feed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-arm, prospective study in three centers was conducted. Adults ≥16 years, established on a tube feed for disease-related malnutrition which provided ≥50 % of energy requirements were included. Patients were swapped from their usual feed to the study product Compleat® plant protein 1.6 (a plant-based, high-energy, high-protein tube feed) for seven days. Acceptability (patient satisfaction), compliance (volume of feed taken versus prescribed) and gastrointestinal tolerance (diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, nausea) were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. This included multiple-choice questions, Likert scales and free text comments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one patients were recruited, of which five withdrew, two due to worsening gastrointestinal symptoms with the study product. Sixteen patients completed data collection, mean age 53.3 years, 44 % female, 56 % had cancer, 75 % had a gastrostomy. Mean daily volume of Compleat® plant protein 1.6 consumed versus prescribed was 992 mL v 1058 mL (94 % compliance). Mean calorie and protein intake was 1555 kcals and 82.6 g respectively and 69 % tolerated the study feed with no change in gastrointestinal symptoms compared to baseline, whilst 25 % reported significant improvements in their gastrointestinal symptoms. Forty four percent were satisfied with the new feed, 38 % were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Compleat® plant protein 1.6 was very acceptable to patients and associated with high levels of compliance and good gastrointestinal tolerance. For patients who follow a plant-based diet Compleat® plant protein 1.6 offers an innovative enteral tube feed that does not contain added milk or soya ingredients. Clinicians could consider this feed when patients have gastrointestinal intolerance to a milk-based feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of nutritional and lifestyle counselling on anthropometrics of pre-diabetic subjects","authors":"Deepashri C.V. ,&nbsp;M.S. Hemalatha ,&nbsp;Chhavi Mehra ,&nbsp;Shivtosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Annie Mattilda Raymond","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediabetes is an important intermediate stage in the transition to type 2 diabetes mellitus and relates to increased cardio metabolic burden. Nutritional counselling represents a potential intervention to alleviate low metabolic health; however, its effect on anthropometric indices in pre-diabetics needs to be further elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of nutritional counselling on key anthropometric markers, including weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in a cohort of prediabetes patients. 499 subjects were remotely recruited between the age of 20 and 60 years via a partnering healthcare organization who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were instructed through standardized videos (pre-recorded) and protocols on how to correctly assess their weight, height and waist circumference (working with digital scales and non-elastic measuring tapes). Data were obtained through an online diabetic reversal platform, which included a 24-hour food recall personalized nutrition counselling and physical activity. All anthropometric indices were calculated and classified according to the Asian specific cut points. Participants who completed the nutritional counselling intervention demonstrated significant improvements from baseline in all anthropometric measures, including weight, BMI, and waist circumference. These improvements were also significantly greater than those observed in a non-intervention control group of non-completers. Males had the maximum decrease in weight in the age group of 20–30 years (mean loss −2.63 kg), while females had the maximum weight loss in 50–60-year group (mean loss −2.97 kg). Similar reductions in BMI, WC and Waist Height Ratio were noted, though many subjects remained above recommended thresholds for increased cardio metabolic risk. Nutritional counselling appears to provide relevant benefits for WC, WHtR, as well as enhancing weight &amp; amp; BMI improvements among pre-diabetics. Notably, however, despite these improvements, a considerable proportion of subjects still have high-risk levels, indicating the importance of continuing and prolonged lifestyle modification to lower the risk of progression to type 2 diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of sarcopenia, sarcopenia obesity and their association with nutritional status among elderly residents in a Hanoi aged care center, Vietnam","authors":"Thuy Linh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Tuan Minh Tran ,&nbsp;Thi Quynh Trang Tran ,&nbsp;Thanh Nga Ta ,&nbsp;Thi Phuong Duong","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are increasingly recognized as important geriatric syndromes, often associated with poor nutritional status and altered body composition. However, data on these conditions among institutionalized elderly in Vietnam remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and SO and to examine their associations with nutritional status in an aged care center in Hanoi, Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 93 residents aged ≥60 years. Sarcopenia and SO were diagnosed based on the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) and the ESPEN/EASO consensus. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment long-form (MNA-LF). Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of sarcopenia and SO was 60.2% and 15.1%, respectively. Individuals with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMI, waist circumference, mid-upper arm circumference, fat mass, fat-free mass, total body water, phase angle, and body protein content (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). In contrast, those with SO had significantly higher BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and visceral fat area, but lower skeletal muscle mass. Overweight status was inversely associated with sarcopenia (aOR = 0.03; 95% CI: 0.002–0.33; <em>P</em> = 0.004), while it significantly increased the odds of SO (aOR = 17.59; 95% CI: 2.05–150.81; <em>P</em> = 0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are highly prevalent among elderly residents in aged care facilities and are closely linked to nutritional status. Routine screening of nutritional status and body composition should be prioritized to support early detection and personalized interventions in this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of excessive fructose consumption on liver health","authors":"Lidianys María Lewis Lujan ,&nbsp;Natalia Madrid Molina ,&nbsp;Diego Emmanuel Guerrero-Magaña ,&nbsp;Annette Pulcherie Iloki Lewis ,&nbsp;Marisol Reséndiz Zarazúa ,&nbsp;Andres Enrique Rivera Vizcarra ,&nbsp;María del Carmen Carranza Peña ,&nbsp;Karla Isabel Moreno López ,&nbsp;Cesar Benjamin Otero Leon ,&nbsp;Simon Bernard Iloki-Assanga","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a group of conditions characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the liver in people with low or no alcohol consumption. The simplest or most common form of this condition is fatty liver, a non-serious condition in which fat is deposited in liver cells, where fructose and glucose play an influential role in this condition, and excessive fructose consumption can lead to lipid accumulation in the liver, which is associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It has been significantly related to the intake of added fructose in the diet, being considered a relevant risk factor for its development, obesity, as well as other liver-related diseases. With the increasing availability of high-calorie foods, the use of fructose as a sweetener has been implicated in the increasing prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD may be benign in many cases, an increasing percentage of patients may progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by inflammation and liver damage. In the context of NAFLD, poor glucose management may contribute to fat accumulation in the liver, one of the key factors in the development of this disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between diet quality and risk of malnutrition in Mexican Community-dwelling older adults: Evidence from a cross-sectional study","authors":"Helen Joceline Vidaña-Espinoza ,&nbsp;Susan B. Roberts ,&nbsp;Omar Yaxmehen Bello-Chavolla ,&nbsp;Mónica Ancira-Moreno ,&nbsp;Ana Paola Jiménez-Reyna ,&nbsp;Miriam Teresa López-Teros","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aim</h3><div>Older adults are at increased risk of consuming unhealthy diets, which may lead to poor nutritional status. This study examined the association between overall diet quality and risk of malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults living in Mexico City.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This secondary analysis used baseline data from the prospective cohort “Frailty, Dynapenia, and Sarcopenia in Mexican Adults (FraDySMex),” conducted in three municipalities in southeast Mexico City: Cuajimalpa, Magdalena Contreras, and Álvaro Obregón. A Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment was performed, including evaluation of nutritional status, dietary intake, and health indicators. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form. Dietary intake was evaluated with a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and overall diet quality was determined using the Healthy Eating Index 2020. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, dependency level, comorbidities, age, and sex. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess associations between diet quality and malnutrition risk, considering body fat percentage as an effect modifier.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 366 participants (mean age 72.6 ± 7.6 years; 78.1% women) were included. Among them, 34.0% were at risk of malnutrition. The mean caloric intake was 2044 ± 555 kcal, and 20.0 % of participants had poor diet quality (≤20th percentile). The regression analyses indicated that fat mass modified the relationship between diet quality and malnutrition risk. A significant association was found among individuals with normal fat mass (odds ratio 4.28; 95 % confidence interval 1.60–11.45) after adjusting for dependency, comorbidity, age, and sex, whereas no significant association was observed among participants with excess fat mass.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low diet quality was associated with malnutrition risk only in older adults without excess body fat. These findings highlight the importance of promoting healthy diets to prevent malnutrition in this rapidly growing population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in taste and smell function during adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer: A prospective cohort study","authors":"K. Beukers ,&nbsp;A.J. van de Wouw ,&nbsp;R.C. Havermans ,&nbsp;M.L.G. Janssen-Heijnen","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2026.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2026.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk stage II or stage III colon cancer improves survival, but frequently induces side effects, including changes in taste (hypogeusia) and smell (hyposmia) function. These alterations in taste and smell function may reduce appetite and nutritional intake, increasing the risk of malnutrition and compromising treatment tolerance and quality of life. Objective data on these changes during chemotherapy are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in taste and smell function during adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this relatively small prospective cohort study, eleven patients with high-risk stage II or III colon cancer receiving capecitabine or CAPOX were included. Taste and smell function were assessed using Taste Strips and Sniffin’ Sticks before, during, and after chemotherapy. Paired-samples t-tests compared taste and smell function at each time point to baseline.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant declines in taste (T1; mean difference = -1.33, p = 0.022) and smell (T1; mean difference = -5.11, p = 0.017) were observed after the first chemotherapy cycle. Baseline hypogeusia and hyposmia were present in 33% and 44% of patients, respectively. During treatment, hypogeusia ranged from 33–44% and hyposmia from 44–78%, with marked inter- and intra-individual variability. While most patients maintained normogeusia, hyposmia was more common at multiple time points.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with clinically relevant, but heterogeneous changes in taste and smell, particularly during the initial phase of chemotherapy. These alterations may impair nutritional intake, highlighting the need for early, individualized dietary interventions. Combining objective and patient-reported assessments may optimize supportive care, enhancing treatment tolerance and quality of life. Despite the small sample size, which substantially limits generalizability, the in-depth analysis highlights significant variability in taste and smell function both between patients and across chemotherapy cycles, highlighting that chemosensory changes are neither uniform nor static.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating obesity through nutrigenetic dietary interventions: Evidence from young Saudi women","authors":"Saba Aljasir ,&nbsp;Noura Eid ,&nbsp;Emanuela V. Volpi ,&nbsp;Nora Mohammad Bin Obaid ,&nbsp;Ihab Tewfik","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nutrigenetic dietary interventions offer personalised strategies for weight management, yet evidence from Middle Eastern populations—particularly young Saudi women—remains limited. This study examined the effect of a three-month nutrigenetic intervention on body weight and adiponectin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-one Saudi women aged 18–24 years with overweight or obesity completed a personalised nutrigenetic intervention informed by variants in six genes (<em>FTO, MC4R, CLOCK, PPARG, LPL, TCF7L2</em>). Anthropometric and biochemical markers were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Weight and adiponectin changes were analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests; genotype-group differences were assessed using Kruskal–Wallis tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Weight significantly decreased (median change: −1.3 kg; p = 0.008). Adiponectin concentrations increased significantly (median change: +1.74 μg/mL; p &lt; 0.001). No significant genotype-specific differences were observed for weight or adiponectin outcomes (all p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This nutrigenetic dietary intervention produced clinically meaningful improvements in weight and metabolic biomarkers independent of genotype. Findings support the feasibility of integrating personalised nutrition into obesity-management strategies for young Saudi women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of nutritional assessment and intervention in lung cancer radiotherapy: Current status and advances","authors":"Yangyang Gong,&nbsp;Yushu Han,&nbsp;Yiyin Liang,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Zhen Jia,&nbsp;Liying Yang,&nbsp;Huojun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and malnutrition during its treatment significantly impacts therapeutic outcomes and patients' quality of life. Radiotherapy, as one of the primary treatment modalities for lung cancer, often leads to a range of side effects such as nausea, esophagitis, and taste alterations, which can result in inadequate nutrient intake and sarcopenia. These conditions exacerbate treatment toxicity and increase the risk of poor prognosis. This article systematically reviews the methods of nutritional assessment, intervention strategies, and their effects on treatment toxicity and survival outcomes in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. By synthesizing existing evidence, this systematic review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing nutritional management in clinical practice, thereby improving survival outcomes and quality of life for lung cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact on ICU patients of new enteral nutrition formula designed to maintain autophagy that is low in carbohydrates and leucine and high in lipids","authors":"Shuhei Maruyama ,&nbsp;Daiki Wada ,&nbsp;Shuji Kanayama ,&nbsp;Hiromu Iwamura ,&nbsp;Junya Shimazaki ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Yoshihara ,&nbsp;Fukuki Saito ,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Yoshiya ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Kagawa ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Akiyama ,&nbsp;Ippei Yamaoka ,&nbsp;Yasushi Nakamori ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Kuwagata","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.100623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.100623","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Given that the ESPEN 2019 guidelines state that “severe hypophosphatemia may lead to death after the initiation of feeding in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU),” we have been developing enteral nutrition (EN) formulas designed to reduce the risk of hypophosphatemia. Preliminary research indicates that high glucose concentrations and leucine-rich peptides are associated with hypophosphatemia across EN formulas with varying nutrient compositions. Additionally, recent randomized controlled trials have shown that high macronutrient doses, irrespective of the delivery route, may be harmful during the acute phase of critical illness, possibly due to the suppression of autophagy and ketogenesis, overfeeding-related hyperglycemia, and increased insulin requirements. EN formulas with lower glucose and leucine contents and higher lipid concentrations may activate autophagy and ketogenesis by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of a newly developed EN formula in critically ill patients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A newly developed EN formula was launched in September 2023. The composition of the new EN product is characterised by being low in carbohydrates, high in protein from peptides with low leucine content, and high in lipids. This single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted in Japan to compare clinical outcomes between the new EN formula and the standard formula. Eligible patients were those admitted to the ICU for at least 10 days and requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for at least 3 days. Patients were categorized into the new EN group or standard EN group based on the enteral formula they received. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included insulin doses and electrolyte levels (potassium, phosphate, and magnesium), bowel movement frequency, and the incidence of bowel ischemia. The baseline characteristics were adjusted using propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Among the 689 eligible patients, 262 were assigned to the new EN group and 427 to the standard EN group. After PSM, 230 patients were included in each group. In IPTW analysis, 682 patients with complete data were included in the weighted population. The doses of insulin and electrolytes (potassium, phosphate, and magnesium) were consistently lower in the new EN group in both PSM and IPTW analyses. The in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the new EN group than in the standard EN group (25 [10.9%] vs. 48 [20.9%], &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.006 after PSM; &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.002 after IPTW). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the new EN formulation was significantly associated with reduced in-hospital mortality both after PSM (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.25–0.80, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/e","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}