Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"The effects of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic syndrome risk factors; A comprehensive review","authors":"Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani ,&nbsp;Hanieh Barghchi ,&nbsp;Alireza Hatami ,&nbsp;Mehdi Barati ,&nbsp;Ali Heydari ,&nbsp;Zohreh Abdi Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Vahedi Fard ,&nbsp;Kimia Mohammadhasani ,&nbsp;Hamidreza Miri ,&nbsp;Saeedeh Talebi ,&nbsp;Naseh Pahlavani","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Flax (also called Linum Usitatissimum) is a flowering plant with tiny seeds that are rich in fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, phenolic acids, and phytoestrogens. Recent studies have investigated the health benefits of flaxseed supplementation because of its components and antioxidant capacity. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multi-factorial disorder associated with a wide range of chronic diseases. The present comprehensive review aims to summarize the effect of flaxseed supplementation on MetS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Flaxseed supplementation has positive effects on different health markers associated with MetS. It was associated with lower body mass index (BMI), visceral fat, and total body fat. Additionally, flaxseed supplementation reduces blood pressure (BP) by improving vasodilation. In terms of lipid profile, it attenuates low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG). Flaxseed supplementation can also improve glycemic indices, such as fasting blood sugar (FBS), Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI). Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of flaxseeds improve oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, while increasing anti-inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Flaxseed supplementation may improve MetS by affecting anthropometric indices, BP, lipid profile, glycemic indices, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 262-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginger's nutritional implication on gastrointestinal health","authors":"Lemlem Gebremariam Aregawi ,&nbsp;Csiki Zoltan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Ginger is a root that is high in nutritional and bioactive compounds that offer significant health benefits. Ginger has been used for centuries in traditional and alternative medicine to aid digestion, reduce nausea and provide other gastro-protective benefits. This review aims to summarize ginger's nutritional implications on gastrointestinal health and to update the current developments.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical trials published in English were searched in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial databases with keywords from inception to December 2023. The search protocol was performed under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA,2009) guidelines. Due to the small sample size and the heterogeneity of studies, a narrative synthesis without meta-analysis is reported.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the current review, evidence of ginger's nutritional implications on gastrointestinal health is reported. A daily dose of 2000 mg of ginger is beneficial for reducing dyspepsia, colorectal cancer, bowel disorders and gastric ulceration in the digestive tract of patients with gastrointestinal disorders. Because of the heterogeneity and limited number of studies, the results may not be as powerful as finding significant results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite the small number of studies and the large heterogeneity, the majority of the studies have shown ginger's nutritional implications on gastrointestinal health.</div></div><div><h3>PROSPERO registration number</h3><div>CRD42022378544.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ultra-processed foods on obesity risk: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis","authors":"Richard Osei Agjei ,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Samson Balogun ,&nbsp;Sunday Adewale Olaleye ,&nbsp;Prince Owusu Adoma ,&nbsp;Michael Afari-Baidoo ,&nbsp;Frank Adusei-Mensah","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to analyze the research landscape pertaining to the impact of ultra-processed foods and their potential association with the risk of obesity. To achieve this objective, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the relevant literature published between 2013 and 2022 was conducted. The study primarily examined the prevailing research patterns, scholarly output, and thematic emphasis within scientific literature pertaining to processed foods and its association with the risk of obesity. A bibliometric methodology was utilized to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the data to obtain a thorough understanding of the patterns, thematic emphasis, and scholarly output pertaining to ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and its association with the risk of obesity. The findings derived from this bibliometric research demonstrate a dual contribution to the existing corpus of knowledge. This analysis encompasses several aspects such as current areas of focus, trends in vaccine development, and prospective avenues for future research. The research on ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and its association with obesity has been widely acknowledged and extensively explored, considering the findings reported in this study. The results of this study present potential avenues for further investigation in the realm of research collaboration among governmental/non-governmental organizations and scholars. Additionally, there is a need to broaden the scope of inquiry to explore the connections between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and additional health-related consequences, such as diabetes and malnutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 26-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic approaches for managing heartburn symptoms in patients with superficial gastritis via a comprehensive dietary approach inspired by baby food","authors":"Dan Li ,&nbsp;Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Dandan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gastritis presents a multifaceted clinical conundrum, frequently exacerbated by adverse reactions associated with established therapeutic regimes. In an innovative leap, this research proposes a dietary regimen inspired by baby nutrition principles—emphasizing digestibility, balanced nutrient intake, and minimal food additives through predominantly steamed or boiled culinary methods. This regimen aims not just to alleviate gastric distress but also to potentially foster mucosal healing. Over the course of a one-month observational study, 24 subjects diagnosed with superficial gastritis were transitioned to this specialized diet. The program offers bespoke nutritional advice, which includes judicious food selection, regulation of meal sizes, and the adoption of cooking practices designed to mitigate acid reflux. Preliminary evidence, as suggested by salivary pH metrics, points towards a decrease in gastroesophageal acid exposure. Concurrently, patient's glycemic and lipid profiles exhibited stability throughout the intervention period. Remarkably, participants also reported a significant decline in depressive symptomatology, highlighting the far-reaching advantages of this avant-garde nutritional approach. This confluence of gastrointestinal and psychological benefits underscores the holistic potential of the dietary strategy in managing gastritis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 163-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical experience with enteral tube nutrition and Nutrison® range of enteral tubes in patients with specific enteral feeding requirements in Spain: The NUTRECONSONDA study","authors":"M.D. Ballesteros-Pomar ,&nbsp;J.J. Alfaro-Martínez ,&nbsp;J.M. Guardia-Baena ,&nbsp;M. Riestra Fernández ,&nbsp;B. Vega-Piñero","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Enteral nutrition (EN) is a critical medical nutritional treatment designed to meet the specific micro- and macronutrient requirements of patients unable to achieve adequate nutrition through oral intake. The aim of this study is to review the use of EN by tube in routine clinical practice, focusing on its management in patients with specific nutritional requirements, and to evaluate the effectiveness, tolerability, and quality of life improvements associated with the Nutrison® range of enteral tube enteral formulas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>NUTRECONSONDA was a nationwide, multicentre, cross-sectional ecological study. Aggregated data were collected from the experience and knowledge of 142 physicians with experience treating patients with EN through an online survey.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to the physicians, the main indications to EN were neoplasms (43.3 %) and neuromotor disorders (36.4 %), the most common administration techniques were percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (35.6 %) and nasogastric tube (29.2 %), the most common type of feeding was bolus feeding (52.1 %), and most frequent symptoms were diarrhoea (29.2 %), nausea (21.7 %), regurgitation (21.4 %) and abdominal distension (21.1 %). Moreover, 82.8 % of patients reported good tolerance to enteral formulas and these were effective in 91.4 % of patients in terms of nutritional requirements. The most important criteria considered for the selection of an enteral formula of the Nutrison® range in patients with specific EN requirements were patient's energy and nutritional needs (score: 8.8), nutritional formula composition (score: 8.5) and tolerability of the formula (score: 8.3). Nutrison® enteral formulas were effective in terms of nutritional requirements in 92.5 % of patients, had good tolerability in 86.9 %, improved quality of life in 67.1 % and improved general health status in 75.1 %. Most patients were also satisfied with Nutrison® enteral formulas (87.2 %) and their delivery system (87.5 %). Furthermore, the most representative lipid profile benefits in patients treated with Nutrison® enteral formulas were a higher EPA and DHA intake (54.9 %) and a higher combination of medium chain triglycerides (45.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The key factors influencing formula selection were patient energy requirements, formula composition, and tolerance. Enteral formulas of the Nutrison® range were effective, safe and improved quality of life and lipid profile in most of the patients with specific nutritional requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 200-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated factors of hyperuricemia in patients with CKD stages 3–5 and its relation with hemoglobin: A cross-sectional study from Syria","authors":"Mohammad Alsultan ,&nbsp;Jia Batha ,&nbsp;Mohamed Taher Anan ,&nbsp;Marwa Kliea ,&nbsp;Baraa Abdulkader ,&nbsp;Reem Kazkaz ,&nbsp;Nour Kasem ,&nbsp;Jood Barram ,&nbsp;Razan Khalaf ,&nbsp;Sally almattny ,&nbsp;Mohamad Al Masri ,&nbsp;Kassem Basha ,&nbsp;Qussai Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hyperuricemia and anemia are associated with several comorbidities in Chronic-Kidney-Disease (CKD) patients. This study aims to determine the factors related to uric acid (UA) and the relationship between UA and hemoglobin (Hb) in a sample of CKD stages 3–5.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 198 patients. Hyperuricemia was defined as a UA level of &gt;7 mgdL in males and &gt;6 mg/dL in females, while was anemia defined as Hb&lt; 11.5 g/dL. Data were compared between two UA groups [the normal UA group (UA1) and the hyperuricemic group (UA2)]. We used linear regression to determine the relationship between UA and variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Hyperuricemia was reported in 55.5% of patients, where males and older patients demonstrated higher UA levels. UA2 group demonstrated higher levels of WBCs, Neutrophils percentage (NP), and phosphorus (phos) (<em>P</em> = 0.005, 0.03, and 0.002; respectively), while lymphocytes percentage (LP) showed a lower level (<em>P</em> = 0.04). Also, urea (Ur), creatinine (Cr), and lipid profiles showed non-significant higher levels in UA2 group. In regression analysis, UA showed positive relations with WBCs (<em>P</em> = 0.003), NP (<em>P</em> = 0.002), Ur (<em>P</em> = 0.01), Phos (<em>P</em> &lt;0.0001), TG (<em>P</em> = 0.01), and Chol (<em>P</em> = 0.02). UA showed negative relations with HDL (<em>P</em>= 0.002), and LP (<em>P</em> = 0.002). There was no correlation between UA and Hb even after subgroup analysis based on GFR and cut-off values of UA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study supported the inflammatory background associated with hyperuricemia. UA correlated with lipids profile in CKD-patients stages 3–5. There was no relation between UA and Hb in CKD patients in addition to previous conflicting data, future studies were required to establish this relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 236-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dietetic practice of prescribing amino acid-based formulas in paediatrics patients without cow's milk allergy: A single centre retrospective study","authors":"Graeme O'Connor ,&nbsp;Melissa Mansell","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Although there is a comprehensive pathway for prescribing amino acid-based (elemental) formulas (AAF) in paediatric patients with cow's milk allergy (CMA), there is a paucity of evidence-based practice for prescribing AAFs in patients without CMA. Gastrointestinal symptoms are some complications that can occur in enteral tube-fed patients, to mitigate these symptoms an AAF may be prescribed. AAFs contain macronutrients that have been enzymatically hydrolysed, requiring minimal digestion and promoting optimal absorption. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to ascertain the dietetic practice of prescribing AAFs to enteral tube-fed paediatric patients without CMA. Secondary outcomes measured weight change at 1 month and 6 months after AAF was prescribed and the incidence of hypophosphatemia at 6 months.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This is a single-centre, retrospective review of paediatric patients prescribed an AAF at a tertiary paediatric hospital between July 2023 and July 2024. Ethical approval was granted by ANONYMISED Audit, Quality Improvement and Service Evaluation Committee: registration number GOSH2024/3834. Inclusion criteria were patients aged between 0 and 16 years old who had been prescribed an AAF as part of their enteral nutrition, providing at least 80% of their estimated energy requirements for any condition other than allergic disease. Exclusion criteria were patients with confirmed immunoglobulin (Ig)E or non-IgE mediated CMA or multiple food allergies, eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, and Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome. Data were collected on demographics, anthropometrics, feed regimens, gastrointestinal symptoms, proton pump inhibitor use and serum phosphate concentration.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;203 children were prescribed an AAF during the data collection period, of these, 154 of 203 (76%) patients had no allergies. Patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common reason for commencing an AAF, 76 of 154 (49%) patients. The median age of patients prescribed AAF was 5.5 (IQR 1.3–9.8) years old. Patients displaying upper or lower gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common reason dietitians prescribed an AAF, 76 of 154 (49%) patients. 44 of 154 (28%) patients prescribed an AAF had a neurological impairment as a primary diagnosis. Dietitians prescribed AAFs as a first-line formula to transition patients off parenteral nutrition in 26 of 154 (17%) patients. 23 of 154 (15%) patients were prescribed an AAF after developing mucositis post high-dose chemotherapy. AAF was also prescribed in patients post cardiac and gastrointestinal surgery, protein-losing enteropathy, and gastrointestinal dystonia. The mean weight-for-age Z-score significantly improved in patients prescribed AAF from -3.7 (1.6SD) at baseline to -2.5 (1.5SD) at 6 months (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;-value 0.001). After 6 months of receiving an AAF, there was no increased probabili","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of dysgeusia on sensory perception, appetite, and texture during oral nutritional supplement consumption in head and neck cancer and multiple myeloma patients","authors":"Ghias Kulsoom ,&nbsp;Krawczyk Janusz ,&nbsp;Gupta Ananya","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dysgeusia, an altered taste perception commonly experienced by cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy, significantly impacts their sensory perception, appetite, and compliance with oral nutritional supplements (ONS), essential for managing malnutrition. This unique study investigates how dysgeusia affects taste and texture perceptions during ONS consumption in this cohort, employing Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS) and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) methods to capture dynamic sensory responses. Sixty-one cancer patients (31 with dysgeusia, 30 without) evaluated five sequential sips of a neutral-flavoured ONS, rating taste and texture using CATA and assessing liking, thirst, hunger, and fullness on hedonic and Visual Analogue Scales.</div><div>Our findings indicate that dysgeusia patients reported heightened perceptions of sweet, caramel, vanilla, and creamy attributes, while non-dysgeusia patients favoured more fluid and neutral textures like runny and viscous. Dysgeusia patients consistently selected more intense flavours and smoother textures, correlating with reduced hunger and increased thirst across sips, suggesting a sensory-specific response to repeated ONS intake (p &lt; 0.05). Notably, dysgeusia patients demonstrated a heightened perception for creamy and silky textures, potentially alleviating sensory discomfort associated with unpleasant metallic or bitter aftertastes. Dysgeusia also influenced fullness and hunger perceptions, impacting overall appetite regulation and adherence to ONS (p &lt; 0.05).</div><div>The study underscores the importance of tailoring ONS formulations to accommodate the altered sensory profiles of cancer patients with dysgeusia, optimizing palatability to improve compliance and nutritional outcomes. Findings also highlight the utility of CATA and TDS in this cancer cohort, providing comprehensive insights into dynamic sensory perceptions and supporting the development of personalized nutritional interventions. This research contributes novel insights into the sensory experience of dysgeusia patients, emphasizing the need for enhanced ONS formulations to meet their unique nutritional requirements and improve their quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 218-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The consumption of fast food and obesity associated with hypertension among restaurant workers in Jordan","authors":"Shayma Taha ,&nbsp;Madi Al-Jaghbir ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abughoush ,&nbsp;Amal Aljanada","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fast food consumption among those who work in restaurants is a regular occurrence. Frequent consumption of high-caloric foods is a leading cause of obesity which is also a modifiable factor of risk for hypertension. Studies predict that the prevalence of hypertension would rise by 7.2% by 2030 compared to 2013 projections, demonstrating the urgent need for treatments to address the etiology of hypertension.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study's primary objective is to investigate how fast-food intake, portion size, obesity, and hypertension are related among Amman, Jordan, restaurant workers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive quantitative cross-sectional design was applied to investigate whether or not there is an association between obesity, regular intake of fast food, and high blood pressure among employees in the food services industry. A convenience sample of 386 restaurant employees was recruited from various restaurants in Amman, Jordan. A self-administered questionnaire that asked about food products, frequency of consumption, and the portion size was used to gather the data. An electric blood pressure monitor was used to track the sample's blood pressure while anthropometric measurements were obtained to determine height and weight. Chi-square test and Spearman rank-ordered correlation approach were used for the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis tests indicate that there is a significant positive correlation between the frequency of fast-food consumption and hypertension (rbp = 0.513, <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). The second correlation test analysis indicates that there is a significant positive correlation between the portion size of fast food and body mass index (rs = 0.529, <em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Moreover, there's a significant positive correlation between the age groups and hypertension (X2=27.686, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), a significant positive association between obesity and the males of the participants (X2=33.134, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001), and a significant positive association between obesity and age groups (X2=32.132, <em>P</em>&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The significant association between fast food, obesity, and hypertension among restaurant workers points out that fast food consumption is related to high rates of developing obesity and hypertension among restaurant workers. Data should be used by both health experts and management in the development of workplace health interventions that put an emphasis on restaurant employees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 141-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary fibre intervention in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients and its impact on the gut microbiota","authors":"Zhang Jiayin ,&nbsp;Zhang Meizhu ,&nbsp;Zhang Yi ,&nbsp;Zhang Jie","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>There is currently a lack of effective methods for treating Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) patients with normal thyroid function. The microbiota is one of the factors affecting the thyroid gland. Dietary fibre (DF) can promote intestinal health and regulate the gut microbiota. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of DF in treating HT and further explored the impact of DF on the gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and study design</h3><div>To investigate the effects of DF supplementation on HT patients, we conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with 70 patients and an exploratory cohort study with 45 patients (included among the 70 patients in the RCT) with HT to investigate the potential impact of DF on the gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After intervention with DF supplements, the antithyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), and IL-10 levels decreased, and the thyrotropin (TSH) level increased. However, the differences in Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were not significant. There was no difference in α-diversity or β-diversity. However, in the DF group, the abundances of <em>Xylanophilum</em> and <em>Parabacteroides</em> increased, whereas the abundance of <em>Erysipelatoclostridium</em> decreased. The functional features differed between the two groups. In the DF group, the composition of the DF group microbiota and metabolic functions changed before and after intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The gut microbiota of HT patients shares common characteristics, but DF can cause changes in some gut microbiota, which are correlated with several clinical indicators. Thyroid hormones also affect the gut microbiota of HT patients and are associated with several predicted functions.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study was registered in the international traditional medicine clinical trial registry (ITMCTR) (registered code: ITMCTR2024000463) (time of registration: 2024/08/24).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 250-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}