Human Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes in carries of rs174544 polymorphism of FADS1 gene and rs174583 polymorphism of FADS2 gene from central region of the Russian Federation before and after supplementation of their diet with ω-3 PUFAs","authors":"Nataliya Mikhailovna Shilina , Elena Yurievna Sorokina , Mariia Andreevna Makarenko , Vladimir Vladimirovich Bessonov","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous publications have demonstrated that polymorphisms in <em>FADS1</em> and <em>FADS2</em> gene cluster influence the levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC PUFAs) synthesized in the body from essential precursors. They can be consumed through the diet as well. These LC PUFAs perform important plastic and regulatory functions in the body. The associations between the polymorphisms of <em>FADS</em> genes and the fatty acid (FA) composition of the body with some inflammatory and chronic diseases were shown. To date, very few studies in the Russian Federation researched the distribution of polymorphic variants in <em>FADS1</em> and <em>FADS2</em> genes and no studies examined the effects of these polymorphisms on the level of FAs in tissues.</p><p>So, the <em>purpose</em> of this paper was to study the frequency of genotypes and alleles of the <em>rs</em>174544 polymorphism of the <em>FADS1</em> gene and the <em>rs</em>174583 polymorphism of the <em>FADS2</em> gene and their influence on the FA composition of erythrocyte membranes in residents of the Central region of the Russian Federation (RF). Additionally, the effect of ω-3 PUFAs fortified food products on this composition was examined.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study included 70 volunteers aged 23–69 years from Moscow region who provided informed consent. They were genotyped for <em>rs</em>174544 polymorphism of <em>FADS1</em> gene and <em>rs</em>174583 polymorphism of <em>FADS2</em> gene by real-time PCR. The participants of the study consumed fruit or vegetable smoothies enriched with either vegetable (chia seeds flour) or animal (fish oil flour) sources of ω-3 PUFAs for 1 month. The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes in some of the volunteers was analysed using gas-chromatography before and after fortification of their diet with ω-3 PUFAs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The frequency of genotypes and alleles of polymorphisms studied were similar to those published for the European region. For <em>rs</em>174544, the genotype frequencies were CC (61%), CA (29%), and AA (10%), frequency of allele A was 24%. For <em>rs</em>174583, the genotype frequencies were CC (51%), CT (39%), and TT (10%), frequency of allele T was 29%. Carriers of minor alleles of both polymorphisms studied had significantly higher levels of ω-6 and ω-3 LC PUFAs in erythrocyte membranes compared to those carrying other genotypes. This differs from the results of other studies where carriers of minor alleles as were shown to be slow converters of precursors to LC PUFAs. The reason of the discrepancy was most likely associated with the obesity and dietary preferences of our study participants who carry the minor alleles. Over the period of one-month consumption of food sources providing an additional intake of either 2 g/day ω-3 PUFAs from fish oil or 6.5 g/day of ω-3 PUFAs from chia seed flour markedly reduced the incorpora","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 200269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000318/pdfft?md5=43c15ad6729bc2830768b79b104aaf5b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000318-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the long-term effectiveness of a culinary nutrition education intervention on children's dietary practices and variety","authors":"Choon Ming Ng ,&nbsp;Satvinder Kaur ,&nbsp;Hui Chin Koo ,&nbsp;Firdaus Mukhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a culinary nutrition education program at a 3-month follow-up, in terms of children's dietary practices and variety. The randomized-controlled trial was conducted among Malaysian children aged 10–11 years, in a school-based setting. The main intervention components include a parent-child session on the home food environment, followed by 5 experiential healthy meal preparation sessions, conducted fortnightly with each session lasting an hour. Dietary data were collected using an adapted guided form, in line with the Malaysian Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents at baseline, post-intervention, and a 3-month follow-up (intervention: n = 41, control: n = 42, drop-out rate: 15.3 %). Overall, the children recruited were mainly from low-to middle-income households (76 %) whose families attained at least secondary or tertiary education (95 %). At the 3-month follow-up, significant group and time interaction effect (p &lt; 0.001) revealed that the intervention group consumed whole grains (F-stat = 24.04), fruits (F-stat = 30.45), and vegetables (F-stat = 77.69) more frequently, while the frequency consumption of the control group remained relatively stable over time. Similarly, desirable change was seen favoring the intervention group (p &lt; 0.001) for refined grains (F-stat = 30.96), processed foods (F-stat = 49.74), and sweetened beverages consumption (F-stat = 40.78). Further, the intervention group had good diet variety during dinnertime, compared to the controls (χ² = 5.655, p = 0.017). Findings highlighted the prospect of experiential culinary nutrition programs in advocating healthy eating behavior among children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000288/pdfft?md5=56951037b0202251bdabc6d2a2608e2a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000288-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140638340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of nutritional status, anthropometry and sleep patterns of the obese patients during pre and post COVID-19 illness","authors":"Luxita Sharma ,&nbsp;Akanksha Yadav ,&nbsp;Dhananjay Sharma ,&nbsp;Kajal Dhama","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Until COVID-19, obesity was the main pandemic of 21 century. To date, there have been 767984989 confirmed cases, and 6943390 include death cases of COVID-19 (WHO). To find the prevalence of Obesity among adults, to adjudge the attitude and behavior of selected subjects towards eating healthy and weight loss during pre- and post-COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><p>Subject selection was done through non-probability judgemental sampling. Initially, 70 young adults between 18 and 39 years of age were selected from different localities of Delhi (NCR). The study was conducted based on a questionnaire developed for the survey. Based on the inclusion criteria only 50 subjects were selected for further study. The study was constructed into three phases and the arrangement of subjects was elaborated as under. Phase 1 includes field study, clinical examination, and biochemical analysis, phase II includes the division of experimental and control groups, whereas Phase III includes the pre&amp; post-COVID nutritional status, anthropometric assessment, beverage consumption, and sleep patterns were also assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The nutrition intervention in E3 (balanced diet + nutrient supplement) showed a significant difference with the control group followed by E2 (nutrient supplement) and E1 (balanced diet). Our findings showed that the subjects have Calorie, protein, fat, carbohydrates, sodium, and potassium intake significantly decreased (P= &lt;0.001) during post-intervention, whereas, the fiber, vitamin A, vitamin C, and iron (P= &lt;0.001), and calcium (p = 0.006), intake significantly increased during post-intervention. The changes in anthropometric parameters such as waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and fat% for pre-COVID-19 were higher for both men and women, but after following the dietary recommendation and physical activity found a significant reduction in WHR, BMI, and fat% (P= &lt;0.001) for both men and women. The p-value for subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, and daytime dysfunction appears to be less than 0.05 which shows that it is significant. The daily consumption of various beverages listed above with a comparison of pre-post intervention, which shows that only for kada the p-value is 0.001 which is less than 0.05 hence it seems significant. The p-value for people with no comorbidity appears less than 0.05, indicating it is significant. majority of participants (12 %) with diabetes took comparatively longer than the participants suffering from other comorbidities followed by Hypertension (7 %), Hyperthyroidism (4 %), Hypothyroidism, and polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) (3 % each) respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the present study, we provided survey data about the key aspects of the nutritional management of COVID-19 (pre-and-post), based on the current knowledge.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000276/pdfft?md5=5e08908fcceb8c4b2588cb9a2a0512ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000276-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140618044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional considerations for vegetarian athletes: A narrative review","authors":"Fernando Luna ,&nbsp;Eugenio Viviani Rossi ,&nbsp;Ezequiel Martín Arrieta","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent times, we have witnessed a growing interest in vegetarian diets among the sports community. Athletes follow these dietary patterns for various reasons, including health benefits, sustainability, animal welfare and spirituality. However, because some studies have shown a negative effect of vegetarian diets on physical performance, there is a prevailing concern that a vegetarian diet may not fully meet athletes'nutritional requirements. Therefore, in this narrative review, we comprehensively examine the nutritional considerations relevant to athletes adhering to various types of vegetarian diets. In particular, we analyze the evidence regarding energy, macronutrients, micronutrients and creatine. The current evidence suggests that well-planned vegetarian diets, which may include eggs and dairy, are suitable for meeting the specific requirements of athletes and allow performance levels similar to those observed in athletes with other well-planned dietary patterns. In addition, there is evidence highlighting the potential of vegetarian diets in reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and some cancers. However, vegetarian athletes need to be mindful of their dietary planning to avoid deficiencies in certain critical nutrients present in lower concentrations in vegetarian diets or whose absorption is hindered by certain chemical compounds found in plants. Thus, further research is needed in order to clarify some aspects of vegetarian nutrition in athletes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 200267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266614972400029X/pdfft?md5=d9a7ac269dc17647dde5fb66a4b00b21&pid=1-s2.0-S266614972400029X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140644998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleolithic diet as a potential dietary management option for type 2 diabetes: A scoping review","authors":"Ruolin Yan ,&nbsp;Jimmy Chun Yu Louie","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Despite its prevalence in the media, uncertainty surrounds the effectiveness of the paleolithic diet for the management of type 2 diabetes. Our scoping review aims to assess the efficacy of the paleolithic diet in managing body weight, glycemia, and lipidemia in comparison to recommended diets for type 2 diabetes management.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>We conducted searches in Medline, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL to identify pertinent randomized controlled trials up to Mar 2024. Our review incorporated 3 reports from 2 randomized controlled trials involving 37 Caucasian participants. Comparative analysis of the paleolithic diet against recommended diabetic diets revealed encouraging outcomes, manifesting in the improvement of glycemic and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes patients. However, there were mixed results in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Paleolithic diet hints at potentially favorable effects on type 2 diabetes, but evidence is severely limited. Rigorously designed larger trials evaluating distinct paleolithic diets on clinical outcomes while monitoring safety and feasibility are critically needed before making recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><p>This scoping review has been registered at <span>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero</span><svg><path></path></svg> as CRD42021226788.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000264/pdfft?md5=c69e3d2e7e8739ada5ad1fd5780f36a3&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000264-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140551214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the impact of wild type and derived DBP allelic variants detected in the Turkish population on serum vitamin D levels by bioinformatics analysis","authors":"Ahmet Efe Köseoğlu ,&nbsp;Ahsen Zerin ,&nbsp;İlknur Tunç ,&nbsp;Yusuf Şeflekçi ,&nbsp;Gülsüm Deniz Köseoğlu ,&nbsp;Buminhan Özgültekin ,&nbsp;Lütfiye Karcıoğlu Batur","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000252/pdfft?md5=85cba95c1f79f250915aa2a1ffbdd13a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000252-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and dietary fatty acid intake among children from low-income households in Sabah: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Alice Chen,&nbsp;Nur Batrisyia Rafiz Azuan,&nbsp;Nur’Ain Mardhiyah Harun,&nbsp;Yasmin Beng Houi Ooi,&nbsp;Ban-Hock Khor","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and dietary fatty acid intake among children from low-income households in Sabah, Malaysia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 in Kota Kinabalu and Tawau. A total of 182 children aged 5–12 years from low-income households (less than RM 4850 per month) were recruited. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height, and body mass index. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h diet recall and the fatty acid (FA) intakes were analyzed using a database with FA content for local foods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of children was 8.8 ± 1.8 years, with a majority being girls (53.8%) and of Bajau ethnicity (53.3%). Based on the anthropometric measurements, 16.5% of children were stunted, 7.1% were thin, and 21.4% were overweight or obese. Intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and <em>trans</em> fatty acids as a percentage of total energy were 29.3%, 12.3%, 12.6%, 4.0%, and 0.05%, respectively. 77.5% of children exceeded the recommendation for SFA and 63.2% of children did not meet the recommendation for <em>n</em>-3 PUFA. All children did not meet the recommendation for ⍺-linolenic. Children from Tawau had greater consumption of <em>n</em>-3 PUFA (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) while children from Kota Kinabalu had greater intakes of total fat (<em>p</em> = 0.020), MUFA (<em>p</em> = 0.005), <em>n</em>-6 PUFA (<em>p</em> = 0.015), and <em>trans</em> fatty acid (<em>p</em> = 0.001). None of the dietary fatty acids was associated with anthropometric indices.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There was a high prevalence of stunting and overweight or obesity among children from low-income households in Sabah. Most of the children failed to meet the recommendations for SFA and <em>n</em>-3 PUFAs. These findings indicate a compelling need for the implementation of nutritional strategies to enhance adherence to dietary recommendations for fatty acids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000227/pdfft?md5=0ecd4807c8f338c5c3bce59d848ba9fb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000227-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of nutritional status and associated factors on the quality of life among COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Ahlam B. El Shikieri ,&nbsp;Ahmad H. Hafiz ,&nbsp;Opeyemi E. Adewumi ,&nbsp;Oluwatobi E. Fijabi","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>COVID-19 adversely affects the nutritional characteristics of patients which may negatively impact their quality of life (QOL). The current study determined the association between the nutritional status of COVID-19 patients, its impact on their QOL, and the factors that affected patients' QOL.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Al Madinah Al Munawarah in Saudi Arabia. Patients confirmed with COVID-19 infection by a nucleic acid-positive test and identified as acute severe or acute non-severely ill were enrolled. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO-BREF QOL) was used to assess the patients' QOL, and nutritional status was assessed using the Malnutrition Screening Tool. Demographic characteristics, food intake, and body mass index (BMI) were also assessed. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 28.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>515 patients were enrolled, with 391 (76%) having acute non-severe symptoms. Patients (15%) were malnourished and suffered from loss of appetite (32%), low food intake (19.4%) and weight loss (16%). Most patients were satisfied or very satisfied with their health (80.2%), and 76.2% rated their QOL as good or very good. Loss of appetite negatively impacted the physical (p = 0.004, 95% CI 0.086, 0.458) and psychological (p = 0.021, 95% CI 0.034, 0.405) QOL domains. Also, decreased food intake affected patients' physical (p = 0.034, 95% CI 0.018, 0.458) QOL domain. Greater weight loss influenced the psychological (p = 0.005.95% CI 0.002, 0.049) QOL domain.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Poor nutritional status among COVID-19 patients was associated with adverse health outcomes and impaired QOL. Nutritional interventions should focus on patients with poor nutritional status or nutrition-related parameters such as weight loss, and loss of appetite which will help improve their QOL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000240/pdfft?md5=8fa9868dc42d3e06c233224b2148686a&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000240-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140191665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary zinc intake and absolute lymphocyte counts in advanced stage of nasopharyngeal cancer patients","authors":"Caroline Stella Vania Lay ,&nbsp;Minidian Fasitasari ,&nbsp;Febe Christianto ,&nbsp;Niken Puruhita ,&nbsp;Enny Probosari ,&nbsp;Etisa Adi Murbawani","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nasopharyngeal Cancer (NPC) patients experience a deficiency immune system due to a systemic inflammatory response. Anorexia due to inflammation and dysphagia, as well as the effects of therapy such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy in NPC, causes a decreased intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, including zinc. Long-term zinc deficiency affects both non-specific and specific immune components (lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils). However, research regarding zinc intake and lymphocyte counts is still rarely carried out, especially in NPC patients in Indonesia. The population of Indonesia has a different dietary intake pattern from the population of western countries. Therefore, researchers intend to examine zinc intake and lymphocyte counts in NPC patients at Dr. Kariadi Hospital in Semarang, Indonesia.</p></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><p>To determine the relationship between dietary zinc intake and Absolute Lymphocyte Counts (ALC) in NPC patients.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was a cross-sectional study involving NPC patients undergoing first to third cycles of chemotherapy and aged 18–59 years at Dr Kariadi Semarang in July 2020–October 2022. Patients with hypoalbuminemia, experienced metastases, had other comorbid diseases, and had undergone radiotherapy were excluded from this study. Dietary zinc intake was measured using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for the last 14 days and ALC was measured using a heme analyzer at Dr Kariadi Hospital Laboratory. Statistical analysis used the Pearson and Spearman correlation test to measure the strength of the correlation between dietary zinc intake and ALC, and a one sample T test to determine whether participants' zinc intake differed from the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The sample of this research was 35 subjects [20 male subjects (57.1%) and 15 female subjects (42.1%)]. The average dietary zinc intake of NPC patients undergoing chemotherapy at Dr Kariadi Hospital was 5.18 ± 2.19 mg/day (5.83 ± 1.63 mg/day and 4.32 ± 2.58 mg/day for males and females, respectively). The results showed a positive correlation between dietary zinc intake and ALC in NPC patients (r = 0.41, p = 0.013; p &lt; 0.05). ALC in NPC patients was influenced by zinc intake and protein intake (p &lt; 0.05), but not energy intake, BMI, and age (p &gt; 0.05). The zinc intake of men and women was significantly different compared to the RDA recommendation (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There is a significant and positive correlation between dietary zinc intake and absolute lymphocyte counts in NPC patients undergoing chemotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000239/pdfft?md5=92aca3681fdeeed352b096ba9f74aee5&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000239-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140181079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of gut microbiota derived short chain fatty acid metabolites in modulating female reproductive health","authors":"Ashwitha Acharya ,&nbsp;Shilpa S. Shetty ,&nbsp;Suchetha Kumari N","doi":"10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been linked to women's reproductive health, though to a lesser extent, alteration in the production of SCFA and SCFA-producing bacteria has been associated significantly with pregnancy-related complications, unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, menstrual anomalies, and gynaecological cancer.</p><p>The female reproductive system is a delicate, intricate, hormone-dependent group of tissues required for the continuity of life and the species' survival. Reproductive health impacts the ovarian function to implantation and foetal development. Several environmental and physiological factors contribute to mammalian infertility concerns caused by a change in reproductive health status. Several lifestyle factors have been demonstrated to affect reproductive health, including age, body weight, smoking, alcohol consumption, work stress, exercise, diet, and nutrition. Nutrition influences puberty, the menstrual cycle, ovulation, conception, implantation and early foetal development. This review provides an overview of how intestinal derived SCFAs maintains female reproductive health summarizing the current knowledge and future perspectives. Microbial SCFAs improve human metabolism by interfering with, glucose homeostasis, appetite regulation and lipid metabolism. Also affect host immunity and intestinal barrier integrity via primary by inhibition of Histone deacetylases (HDAC) mechanism. Therefore, SCFAs exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, immunoregulatory, anti-diabetes, anti-cancer, hepatoprotective, cardiovascular protective and neuroprotective properties.</p><p>This review highlights recent findings on SCFA and gynaecological pathologies such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, pregnancy complications, polycystic ovary syndrome, bacterial vaginosis, and endometriosis to describe current knowledge of the relationship between SCFA and reproductive health and disease in women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36125,"journal":{"name":"Human Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 200256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666149724000185/pdfft?md5=6548977dc5fff73f589456c3a8fc9804&pid=1-s2.0-S2666149724000185-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140138534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}