Physics Open最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of the volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient in an L-shaped pulsed sieve plate extraction column","authors":"Vahid Rafiei,&nbsp;Sadegh Moradi","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The volumetric overall mass transfer coefficient (K_oca) in an L-shaped pulsed sieve plate extraction column (LPSPC) was experimentally characterized, optimized, and correlated using two EFCE standard chemical systems (toluene-acetone-water, TAW; n-butyl acetate-acetone-water, BAW). Pulsation intensity was identified as the dominant operating parameter, enhancing K_oca by up to 121% across the investigated operating range. New dimensionless correlations predicted K_oca with AARE values of 5.8% and 7.1% for the horizontal and vertical sections, respectively, whereas published correlations yielded errors of 34–61%. A strong correlation (R = 0.96–0.97) between specific interfacial area and K_oca confirmed the dominant role of interfacial area in governing mass transfer performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148776491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic performance of a spherical-design large-format streak tube","authors":"Yanhua Xue,&nbsp;Hang Li,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou,&nbsp;Shaohui Li,&nbsp;Shuai Yang,&nbsp;Jianping He,&nbsp;Yateng Quan,&nbsp;Xiangyan Xu,&nbsp;Xiru Chen,&nbsp;Duan Luo,&nbsp;Wei Zhao,&nbsp;Jinshou Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Streak camera enables ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution. However, the limited format and degraded edge resolution of the streak tube restrict image quality and field of view, limiting its performance in large-FOV applications such as inertial confinement fusion experiments. To address this, we propose a large-format streak tube featuring a large circular grid electrode, a spherical cathode, and a spherical phosphor screen, which significantly enlarges the detection area while maintaining high spatial resolution. Simulations show that within an effective photocathode diameter of Φ35 mm, the dynamic spatial resolution is better than 20 lp/mm and the time distortion is below 42 ps. Tests of the manufactured streak tube demonstrate a temporal resolution better than 75 ps and a dynamic spatial resolution better than 12 lp/mm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148642536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal and solutal diffusion analysis in slip flow of Second-Grade material over a stretchable Riga plate under double stratification effects","authors":"Gohar Rehman,&nbsp;Muhammad,&nbsp;Ibrahim Alraddadi,&nbsp;Masood Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The results demonstrate that careful tuning of governing parameters can effectively control momentum, heat, and mass transport in viscoelastic electrically conducting fluids, which is important for industrial and engineering applications such as coating processes, polymer extrusion, and thermal management systems. This study investigates the steady flow and heat transfer characteristics of a non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid over a two-dimensional surface. The analysis includes double-stratification boundary conditions, suction or injection effects, thermal radiation, and finite-speed heat and mass diffusion modeled using the Cattaneo-Christov framework. The governing PDEs are converted into a system of nonlinear ODEs using appropriate similarity variables and then solved numerically to examine the effects of various physical parameters. The results demonstrate how profiles are influenced by viscoelasticity, velocity slip, thermal radiation, heat stratification, solute stratification, chemical reactions, and Prandtl numbers. The findings indicate that velocity slip and suction reduce the MBL, while viscoelastic effects increase the fluid velocity. Thermal stratification and higher Prandtl numbers decrease thermal diffusion, whereas thermal relaxation and radiation enhance temperature distribution. Stronger chemical reactions and mass relaxation elevate concentration profile, whereas mass stratification causes it to decline. Furthermore, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers increase with greater thermal radiation, heat generation, chemical reactions, and mass diffusion, while skin friction diminishes with increased slip effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148843618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional nonlocal Maxwell–Bloch dynamics: Soliton propagation, optical memory effects, and chaotic electromagnetic interactions in photonic media","authors":"Kolade M. Owolabi,&nbsp;Sonal Jain,&nbsp;Eben Mare","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classical Maxwell–Bloch models are often inadequate for describing electromagnetic wave propagation in complex optical media where memory effects, anomalous relaxation processes, and long-range electromagnetic interactions are important. To address these limitations, this work develops a fractional nonlocal Maxwell–Bloch framework that simultaneously incorporates Caputo fractional temporal memory and nonlocal electromagnetic coupling. The principal novelty lies in the unified treatment of temporal memory and spatial nonlocality within the Maxwell–Bloch framework, together with the corresponding analysis of their effects on optical-wave dynamics. The proposed model captures hereditary polarization dynamics and spatially distributed electromagnetic interactions that are not represented in the standard local integer-order formulation. The analytical part establishes the well-posedness structure of the governing system, including existence, boundedness, and stability properties of solutions in appropriate functional spaces. A spectral stability analysis is further employed to characterize fractional instability thresholds and transitions in the resulting wave propagation. Numerical simulations demonstrate the emergence of localized fractional optical structures, memory-dependent pulse propagation, nonlinear wave interactions, and complex dynamical regimes. A systematic parametric study further shows that variations in the fractional order significantly modify the electric-field profile, energy evolution, and pulse amplitude. The results demonstrate that the combined effects of fractional temporal memory and spatial nonlocality can substantially alter the propagation and stability of electromagnetic waves compared with the classical Maxwell–Bloch limit. The framework therefore provides a unified mathematical and computational basis for investigating memory-dependent and spatially nonlocal optical dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QORE: An opacity-maturity framework for atmospheres from M dwarfs to exoplanets","authors":"Ramarao Tata","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric retrievals of M dwarfs, brown dwarfs, and exoplanets depend on molecular opacities whose quality varies widely across species, and that variation is not yet routinely quantified. This work introduces QORE (Quantum-validated Opacity Retrieval Engine), an opacity-maturity layer that scores each opacity product on five components (provenance, temperature coverage, pressure broadening, completeness, experimental refinement), combines them by a geometric mean, and folds the scored opacities into one forward model. The two least-mature members of a six-species demonstration set are treated with quantum chemistry: for the transition-metal oxides FeO and CrO, absent from standard line-list databases, double-shell CASSCF/NEVPT2 supplies provisional ground-state vibrational anchors (CrO harmonic frequency to 1.8%); for dimethyl sulphide and disulphide (DMS/DMDS) a VPT2 temperature–pressure grid replaces the single-condition cross section in current use. The upgrades raise the maturity of this six-species demonstration set from 0.25 to 0.58, a conclusion insensitive to the component weighting and to one-tier score reassignments. These values grade the selected opacity products only and are not a general quality score for QORE or for any atmospheric retrieval. All production opacities are computed classically; the electronic-structure workflow behind the new products is separately exercised end to end on quantum-computing hardware as a supporting certification, and no quantum advantage is claimed. The scored opacities fit the M8.5–Y4 emission sequence, matching the regime-appropriate Sonora grids in raw fit quality at the coldest objects while trailing them, on raw fit and on information criteria, at the warmer ones, and fit the JWST transmission spectra of K2-18 b and WASP-39 b; in a controlled K2-18 b test within QORE’s simplified transmission branch, the temperature- and pressure-resolved opacity lowers the DMS Bayes factor from <span><math><mo>ln</mo></math></span>BF <span><math><mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>4.08</mn></mrow></math></span> to near zero. The score is a heuristic input-quality diagnostic, not a detection statistic or an uncertainty estimate, and the retrieval results are model-conditional.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled thermal and nonlinear momentum dissipative effects in thin film pseudoplastic trihybrid nanofluid dynamic","authors":"Musharafa Saleem,&nbsp;Arwa Zahid","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research investigates numerical solutions of the flow of pseudoplastic trihybrid nanofluid (PTHNF) thin-film subjected to various conditions such as viscous dissipation, non-linear momentum dissipation (Darcy-Forchheimer), and thermal radiation, as well as the impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), chemical reactions, and heat source/sink and Joule heating on the same flow. THNF model consists of three different types of nanoparticles, which are titanium oxide (TiO₂), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu), while sodium alginate acts as the base fluid. The effects of heat source/sink and Joule heating on the temperature distribution are noteworthy since high values of thermal conductivity enhance the thermal properties. By applying similarity transformations to the derived rheological system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), we arrive at a system of nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), which we can then solve using the well-known (RK-4) method through MATLAB software. The study graphically discusses and illustrates the rheological effects of the power-law index, solid volume fraction, film thickness, Eckert number, and Prandtl number on momentum, thermal and concentrations fields. For the titanium oxide nanoparticle, the local sensitivity analysis reveals that the Sherwood number is the most sensitive response, followed by the Nusselt number and the skin-friction coefficient, while the wall velocity gradient is the least sensitive. For the silver nanoparticle, the sensitivity analysis identifies the Sherwood number as the most influential response, followed by the Nusselt number and the skin-friction coefficient, while the wall velocity gradient remains the least sensitive among the considered physical quantities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148731339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting dynamical behaviors of solitary waves in the M-fractional Konopelchenko–Dubrovsky system with stability and sensitivity analysis","authors":"M. Mohiuddin,&nbsp;Md Enamul Karim,&nbsp;Md. Ruhul Amin,&nbsp;Khalifa Mohammad Helal,&nbsp;Md. Joni Alam,&nbsp;Ruma Akter,&nbsp;Mohammad Safi Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigate the solitary wave profiles of the Konopelchenko–Dubrovsky equation with the truncated M-fractional derivative. We employed the specific wave transformation to transform the studied partial differential equation (PDE) into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE), and then using the generalized Riccati equation mapping method to obtain various solitary wave profiles such as dark breather waves, bright breather waves, periodically oscillating waves, kink waves, etc., which are demonstrated graphically by two-dimensional (2D), three-dimensional (3D), and contour diagrams. The memory or hereditary effect in the model is discussed by varying the fractional derivative parameter. Moreover, we also discuss the stability, multistability, and sensitivity analysis of this model. All graphical illustrations are created using MATLAB and Maple. The observed solitary wave profiles demonstrate that this study is novel, reliable, simple, and could be applied straightforwardly across many scientific disciplines to understand the underlying complex wave interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148731340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On a local hidden-variable model for postselected EPR correlations","authors":"Daniele Cenni","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A theoretical and numerical analysis of a Bell-type experiment is presented, where linear polarization measurements on nonmaximally entangled two-qubit states are modeled through a sigmoid-based threshold mechanism that violates the fair-sampling assumption required by the CHSH inequality. Numerical simulations characterize how closely this local construction can reproduce quantum-like correlations in the postselected detected sample, for both the <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><msub><mrow><mi>Φ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>〉</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><msub><mrow><mi>Ψ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>〉</mo></mrow></math></span> states over a range of entanglement parameters. For the tested configurations, the model produces CHSH-type violations only in the postselected detected sample through a setting-dependent detection mechanism, operating outside the assumptions of both the CHSH inequality and Mermin’s 82.8% efficiency bound. The model is not in conflict with loophole-free Bell experiments, which specifically close the detection loophole exploited here. The CH–Eberhard analysis in the one-detector-per-side configuration yields <span><math><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span> throughout the full range of entanglement parameters, as required for a strictly local model. The model is further extended with a local adaptive-threshold mechanism implementing one-sided memory. A paired comparison shows that this specific memory rule produces a systematic and reproducible shift in the CH–Eberhard parameter <span><math><mi>J</mi></math></span> relative to the fixed-threshold model, while leaving the CH–Eberhard analysis qualitatively unchanged under the tested conditions. The results characterize how a local, setting-dependent postselection mechanism shapes Bell-test statistics across a range of entanglement parameters, within the specific configurations and threshold rules tested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148776488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of TiO2-chitosan nanocomposite via Laggera alata extract and its in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer activities","authors":"Prathik Bohara S,&nbsp;Preethi JD,&nbsp;P.S. Kirtheka,&nbsp;Dharmalingam Kirubakaran,&nbsp;Venugopal Krishnan,&nbsp;Banuppriya Palani,&nbsp;Santhoshkumar Jayakodi,&nbsp;Venkatesh Kaliyamoorthy,&nbsp;Muthupandi Sankar,&nbsp;Hilal Ahmad Rather","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to develop a green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of a TiO₂-chitosan nanocomposite using <em>Laggera alata</em> leaf extract and to evaluate its physicochemical characteristics and potential biomedical activities. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the aqueous leaf extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and carbohydrates, while glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and proteins were not detected. The synthesized TiO₂-chitosan nanocomposite was characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). UV-Visible analysis showed an absorption edge around 450 nm, with estimated optical band-gap energy of 1.89 eV. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic functional groups associated with chitosan and Ti-O/Ti-O-Ti vibrations, while XRD analysis indicated the crystalline nature of the TiO₂ component with an average crystallite size of approximately 23.3 nm. FE-SEM revealed predominantly spherical shape structures with moderate aggregation, while EDX confirmed the elemental composition of the synthesized material. The nanocomposite demonstrated concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assays, with IC₅₀ values of 68.98 and 62.78 μg/mL, respectively. Similarly, concentration-dependent inhibition was observed against α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC₅₀ values of 156.23 and 254.87 μg/mL, respectively. The nanocomposite also exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells, accompanied by morphological alterations and increased apoptotic activity. Overall, the findings demonstrate that <em>L. alata</em>-mediated TiO₂-chitosan nanocomposite possesses promising antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, cytotoxic, and apoptosis-inducing activities. The green synthesis strategy provides a sustainable route for producing a multifunctional nanocomposite; however, further mechanistic, toxicity, and in vivo studies are required to establish its biomedical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver (Ag) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanomaterials impact on heat transfer analysis of water (H2O)-based nanofluid with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux in MHD flow over a vertical cone","authors":"S. Karthik,&nbsp;D. Iranian,&nbsp;Ghada R. Elnaggar,&nbsp;Ilyas Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2026.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the magneto hydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow and double-diffusive heat and mass transfer characteristics of a hybrid nanofluid composed of silver (Ag) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles dispersed in water over a vertically oriented cone with convective surface heating. The novelty of the work lies in the simultaneous incorporation of Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux theories to model non-Fourier heat conduction and non-Fickian mass diffusion in the presence of hybrid nanofluid effects, space-dependent internal heat generation/absorption, and first-order chemical reaction. A uniform transverse magnetic field is applied to examine electromagnetic control of the transport processes. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations describing continuity, momentum, energy, and concentration are transformed into a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity transformations. The resulting system is solved analytically through the Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method (OHAM). The results demonstrate that increasing the magnetic parameter significantly suppresses the velocity field due to the enhanced Lorentz force, while simultaneously elevating the temperature distribution because of resistive heating effects. The inclusion of Ag–MgO hybrid nanoparticles substantially enhances thermal performance, yielding nearly 31.2% improvements in heat transfer rate compared with the base fluid. Furthermore, thermal and solutal relaxation parameters delay heat and mass diffusion, thereby reducing thermal and concentration boundary layer thicknesses. Stronger chemical reaction effects markedly decrease concentration profiles through accelerated species consumption. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid nanofluids in advanced cooling technologies, nuclear energy systems, and high-performance thermal management applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148731338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}