{"title":"Smart battery analog front end architecture comparison-integrated voltage-to-frequency vs. analog-to-digital converters","authors":"M. Hamlett, W.B. Bonnett","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905142","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of state-of-charge based battery \"fuel gauging\" analog front end solutions are performed by either an analog-to-digital converter or a continuously integrated voltage-to-frequency converter. Comparable cost solutions are compared from the point of view of performance and difficulty of implementation. Laboratory results from both architectures are shown for common battery charge/discharge profiles.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122241123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling the overcharge process of VRLA batteries","authors":"W. Gu, G.Q. Wang, C.Y. Wang","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905121","url":null,"abstract":"A multiphase, electrochemical and thermal coupled model is developed for valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. Physical phenomena that are involved in the VRLA battery overcharge process, such as gas generation, transport and recombination, electrolyte displacement and capillary flow and the venting event during discharge/rest/charge, are incorporated in the model. The effects of important parameters, including the electrolyte saturation level, interfacial mass transfer coefficient of oxygen, and electrode morphology factor, are extensively studied. An overview of the simulation capabilities of the present comprehensive model is provided.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New light weight battery grids by electroforming","authors":"H. Warlimout","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905124","url":null,"abstract":"A new electroforming process and a new dispersion hardened material to manufacture grids for lead-acid batteries are presented. In combination they provide grids of any desired technically meaningful thickness, fully current optimised and weight minimised design, superior corrosion resistance, and competitive cost. A continuous production process is under development.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"33 6-7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132153420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Lampe-Onnerud, Jie Shi, R. Chamberlain, P. Onnerud
{"title":"Safety studies of Li-ion key components by ARC","authors":"C. Lampe-Onnerud, Jie Shi, R. Chamberlain, P. Onnerud","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905156","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal behaviors of metal cathode material, graphite anode material and electrolyte have been studied using the accelerated rate calorimetry (ARC(R)) technique. The pristine cathode, anode and electrolyte materials are stable up to 200/spl deg/C. The fully lithiated graphite has the lowest thermal stability and highest self-heating rate. The exothermic reactions of Li-ion cells at different states-of-charge have also been studied.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121323918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling grid-connected hybrid electric vehicles using ADVISOR","authors":"T. Markel, K. Wipke","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905095","url":null,"abstract":"The overall system efficiency of a hybrid electric vehicle is highly dependent on the energy management strategy employed. In this paper, an electric utility grid-connected energy management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle is presented. ADVISOR was used as a modeling tool to determine the appropriate size of the hybrid components and the energy management strategy parameter settings. Simulation results demonstrated that with this strategy it is possible to achieve double the fuel economy of a comparable conventional vehicle while satisfying all performance constraints. In addition, the final vehicle design provides an all-electric range capability in excess of 20 miles.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115931089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing power dissipation in portable battery charger applications","authors":"K. King","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905143","url":null,"abstract":"Dissipating battery-charger power outside small portable products makes them operate cooler. Because of their small size, most of these applications have strict limitations on the available space and power dissipation and tend to use lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. This paper describes a charger design topology that moves the bulk of the power dissipation of battery charging out of the portable device but leaves the charger circuit embedded in the application. The performance of a circuit with high-accuracy voltage regulation, battery conditioning, temperature monitoring, and charge-status indication is analyzed for the effects of power dissipation, circuit area, and charging time.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127535703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Timmerman, L. Whitcannak, E. Davies, F. Deligianis
{"title":"Ultra-radiation hard aerospace batteries","authors":"P. Timmerman, L. Whitcannak, E. Davies, F. Deligianis","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905100","url":null,"abstract":"The author describe how the radiation tolerance of aerospace batteries was investigated. The results of a trade study and of radiation testing of the Super Ni-Cad batteries are also described. Because of the age of the test articles, new cell storage data was also generated.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127294197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lessons learned in using ohmic techniques for battery monitoring","authors":"C. Bose, D. Wilkins, S. McCluer, M. J. Model","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905107","url":null,"abstract":"A joint study was conducted by Lucent Technologies Power Systems and Sprint on the use of ohmic meters in predicting the state of health for VRLA batteries. The first part of the results of the study have been presented in an earlier paper. The second part of the results is presented in this paper, where the effects such as the inter cell connectors, the string size and the number of parallel strings on the online battery ohmic value are studied. These effects can have profound influence on the measured values and can lead to erroneous conclusions in determining the state of health of the batteries. Although ohmic techniques are being used widely in screening the state of health condition of a battery, there is no industry standard in using the technique.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121760493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ratnakumar, M. Smart, L. Whitcanack, E. Davies, S. Surampudi
{"title":"Performance and safety of Li-ion cells [in aerospace applications]","authors":"B. Ratnakumar, M. Smart, L. Whitcanack, E. Davies, S. Surampudi","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905159","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given, as follows. Lithium ion batteries have started replacing conventional aerospace batteries, such as nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen and silver-zinc, in NASA's planetary exploration missions, especially in applications where the cycle and active (wet) lives are moderate but the demands for reductions In mass and volume are significant. In addition, these applications require good low temperature performance for the planetary landers and rovers. In this context, NASA had teamed with DoD to form a consortium to develop smart, high-capacity, long-life, aerospace lithium ion batteries for both NASA and DoD needs, with the participation of domestic battery manufacturers. Prototypes of lithium ion cells, in capacities ranging from 4-40 Ah and in either prismatic or cylindrical configuration were made wider this program and are being tested at JPL. In this paper, the authors provide a description of the typical performance characteristics of these prototype lithium ion cells. Also included in the presentation is a brief mention on a couple of safety events experienced at JPL in the course of such extensive evaluation of several (over 200) cells under a variety of test conditions.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125541286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On validation of the modeling of overcharge process in VRLA cells","authors":"B. Liaw, K. Bethune","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905122","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced battery modeling and simulation provide a unique and powerful tool for understanding battery performance and cycle characteristics. Development in advanced battery simulation capability using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques proved that this approach could have significant impacts on almost every aspect of battery design, characterisation, operation and development. Good predictions from the simulation however strongly rely on careful validation of the numerical model and the parameters used. This paper discusses how experimental validation work was conducted to support the simulation effort in valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. Of particular interest is the overcharging regime, where the experimental work is the most difficult and challenging, and the validation is the most needed for careful evaluation of the modeling capability and limitation.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132450794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}