{"title":"Dendrite-preventive additive (DPA) for lead-acid batteries","authors":"G. Mayer","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905104","url":null,"abstract":"Many lead-acid batteries of both flooded and starved electrolyte design have been observed to develop \"soft shorts\" in float service. BTC has developed a battery additive that mitigates or prevents this.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121913200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Layered cobalt and nickel oxide cathodes: a comparison of their structural and chemical stabilities","authors":"A. Manthiram, R. Chebiam, F. Prado","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905137","url":null,"abstract":"Layered LiNi/sub 0.85/Co/sub 0.15/O/sub 2/ cathodes have drawn much attention recently due to its higher capacity compared to the currently used layered LiCoO/sub 2/ cathode. However, the structural and chemical stabilities of the LiNi/sub 0.85/Co/sub 0.15/O/sub 2/ cathodes during long-term cycling in lithium-ion cells have not been fully assessed. From a systematic investigation, the structural and chemical stabilities of the two systems are compared. Wet-chemical analysis of chemically delithiated Li/sub 1-x/CoO/sub 2/ and Li/sub 1-x/Ni/sub 0.85/Co/sub 0.15/O/sub 2/ establish that the former system tends to lose oxygen from the lattice for (1-x)<0.5, which limits its capacity to 140 mAh/g, while the latter system does not suffer from oxygen loss at least for 0.3/spl les/(1-x)/spl les/1. However, the nickel oxide system suffers from structural instability under mild heat (T>50/spl deg/C) due to a migration of Ni/sup 3+/ ions from the nickel layer to the lithium layer. The differences in the structural and chemical stabilities between the two systems are explained based on crystal field stabilization energies and the relative positions of metal:3d and O:2p bands.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128192941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Absorbency of separators under compression","authors":"A. Kallmes, P. Kallmes","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905103","url":null,"abstract":"Separator absorption is an important parameter in batteries of all chemistries. The ability of a separator to absorb, hold, and release electrolyte affects cell performance, particularly in areas of rate capability. To quantify separator absorption, a gravimetric absorbency tester was developed as a possible characterization tool. The absorptive characteristics of separators were tested in uncompressed and compressed states. Total mass absorption and absorption rate data were collected. Volume changes (under ambient and high-pressure environments) were also noted.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125781164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equalization requirements for series VRLA batteries","authors":"P. Krein, S. West, C. Papenfuss","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.2001.905111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.2001.905111","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-charge (SOC) balance is a necessary task in any high-rate series battery system. This equalization task is evaluated here through cycling and hybrid vehicle platform tests of valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries. It is shown that when voltage matching is used as the basis for SOC equalization, voltage differences must be kept small. An upper limit of 15 mV/cell was found from the tests, although a limit of 10 mV/cell is more realistic for a practical system. A diffusion model is developed for voltage-based equalization processes. A switched-capacitor equalization approach introduced previously is shown to be a low-cost way to meet the accuracy requirements while allowing the charge diffusion process to be accelerated. The tests show that switched-capacitor equalization supports lifetime extension in series strings.","PeriodicalId":360008,"journal":{"name":"Sixteenth Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances. Proceedings of the Conference (Cat. No.01TH8533)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121037224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}