Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Cultivated Land NPP in the Shandong Area Around the Bohai Sea].","authors":"Ying Song, Ming-Xiu Gao, Zhuo-Ran Wang, Jia-Fan Wang, Ze-Xin Xu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Bohai Rim Plain is an important grain-producing area in China. The cultivated land resources have great potential for production, but there are many influencing factors. Understanding the spatiotemporal change characteristics and driving factors of the net primary productivity （NPP） of cultivated land vegetation in this region is of great significance to improve the regional cultivated land production conditions, excavate and enhance the production capacity of cultivated land, and ensure national food security. In this study, Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall significance test, Hurst index, and other methods were used to explore the spatiotemporal change characteristics, stability, and sustainability of regional cultivated land NPP. The influence of driving factors on the spatial heterogeneity of cultivated land NPP was analyzed by using optical parameters-based geographical detectors. The results showed that： ① From 2001 to 2019, due to the expansion of construction land during industrialization and urbanization, the cumulative decrease in the area of cultivated land in the Shandong area around the Bohai Sea was 2 004.51 km². ② During the selected research period, the interannual variation of average cultivated land NPP showed a fluctuating and increasing trend. In terms of spatial distribution, the NPP of cultivated land was bounded by the Dongying District, with the spatial heterogeneity in the north being significantly lower than that in the south. ③ The area with increasing NPP of cultivated land accounted for 88.06% of the total area of cultivated land, mainly with low and medium fluctuations. The NPP of cultivated land will maintain an overall sustained trend of increase across the region in the future. ④ The average annual relative humidity study area had the strongest explanatory power for the spatial variability of NPP in cropland, with a <i>q</i>-value of 0.26, followed by surface soil salinity and subsoil salinity, with <i>q</i>-values greater than 0.2. The interactions between the different drivers all showed either nonlinear enhancement or bifactorial enhancement. The results of this study will help to reveal the characteristics of the changes in cultivated land production capacity and its driving forces in the Bohai Sea region and also provide a theoretical basis for the ecological protection and sustainable development of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sensitivity Analysis of Atmospheric Ozone and Source Apportionment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Yinchuan City].","authors":"Li-Rong Yang, Meng Xu, Xue-Zhe Xu, Chen-Bing Yan, Xue Yu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202308052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202308052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the observation data of O₃ concentration in Yinchuan in 2022, the monthly variation characteristics of O₃ concentrations were analyzed. Further, based on the observation data of meteorological elements, conventional pollutants, and volatile organic compounds （VOCs） concentrations at an urban site in Yinchuan from May to July, the difference in meteorological elements and precursor concentrations between the polluted days and the non-polluted days were compared. Then, the O₃ sensitivity and the VOCs sources were discussed using the Framework for 0-D Atmospheric Modeling （F0AM） and positive matrix factorization （PMF） model, respectively. The results showed that： ① The O₃ pollution occurred from May to July in 2022, and the concentrations of O₃-8h_-90per were 156 μg·m^-3, 170 μg·m^-3, and 174 μg·m^-3, respectively, with exceeding standard rates of 9.7%, 26.7%, and 29.0%, respectively. ② Compared with those on the non-polluted days, the hourly mean values of temperature, total solar radiation, and concentrations of various precursors on the O₃-polluted days increased, including the volume concentrations of propane, isobutane, ethane, <i>n</i>-butane, and dichloromethane, which increased significantly by 33.1%, 29.1%, 25.0%, 22.7%, and 21.3%, respectively. The results showed that the combined increase in pollutant emissions and adverse meteorological conditions contributed to the formation of O₃. ③ From May to July 2022, the top five VOCs species in terms of ozone formation potential （OFP） value on whole, non-polluted, and polluted days were the same. They were acetaldehyde, <i>m</i>/<i>p</i>-xylene, ethylene, isoprene, and toluene, mainly from solvent use sources, natural sources, and chemical industry emissions. ④ The local O₃ production was mostly controlled by VOCs, and the relative incremental reactivity （RIR） results revealed that O₃ production showed strong positive sensitivity to alkene and aromatic hydrocarbon but showed negative sensitivity to NO<i>_x</i> on both polluted and non-polluted days. The relative contributions of active species such as acetone, ethylene, and isobutane to O₃ production were high, and the implementation of an emission reduction scheme with the ratio of VOCs to NO<i>_x</i> emission reduction much greater than 1 could effectively reduce the local O₃ concentration. ⑤ The main sources of atmospheric VOCs in Yinchuan were motor vehicle emission sources （32.3%）, process sources （20.7%）, combustion sources （19.2%）, solvent use sources （12.7%）, gasoline volatile sources （9.1%）, and natural sources （6%）, and the contribution rate of motor vehicle emission sources on polluted days increased by 4.6% compared with that on non-polluted days, indicating that the motor vehicle emission source was an important object of summer VOCs control","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Estimation of Regional Background Ozone in Henan Province from 2019 to 2021].","authors":"Xiao-Yong Liu, Jun Yan, Hang Liu, Fang-Cheng Su, Dan Yao, Ji-Qiang Niu, Jun-Hui Yan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202308191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202308191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clarifying the regional transmission and local generation contributions of ozone （O₃） is important for controlling O₃ pollution. To quantify the regional background and spatial-temporal variations of O₃, a comprehensive study was conducted using multiple methods including principal component analysis （PCA） and TCEQ, with Henan Province as a case study. Based on monitoring data from 59 national sites in Henan Province during 2019-2021, four methods were employed to estimate the regional background of O₃. Method 1 was the traditional method, performing O₃ univariate-multisite PCA analysis. Method 2 was a multivariate-single-site PCA analysis considering nitrogen dioxide and meteorological conditions as constraints. Method 3 combined PCA and multiple linear regression （MLR） to determine regional background contributions, drawing on the idea of source apportionment. Method 4 was the TCEQ method that used the lowest measured O₃-8h concentration as the regional background. The estimation results showed that Methods 1 and 2 were basically equal, and Methods 3 and 4 were approximately 37-60 μg·m^-3 lower than Method 1. From 2019 to 2021, the changes in regional background <i>ρ</i>（O₃-8h） estimated by Methods 1-4 were 1.6, -13.4, 5.9, and -3.5 μg·m^-3, respectively. The average estimations derived from multiple methods showed that the regional background <i>ρ</i>（O₃-8h） in Henan Province from 2019 to 2021 concentrations were 82.0, 79.0, and 79.7 μg·m^-3, accounting for 75.9%, 76.4%, and 78.7% of the total regional O₃-8h, respectively. The regional background O₃-8h estimated by the four methods showed obvious seasonal changes, characterized by summer &gt; spring &gt; fall &gt; winter.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics and Source Analysis of VOCs Pollution During Emergency Response in Tianjin].","authors":"Lu Yao, Zhong-Wei Luo, Kun Hua, Ya-Fei Li, Yao Gu, Li-Lai Song, Shen-Yu Bi, Si-Han Yin, Ming-Qi Kou, Xiao-Hui Bi, Yu-Fen Zhang, Yin-Chang Feng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202308117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202308117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the characteristics of VOCs chemical components during heavy pollution episodes, hourly online VOCs data derived from 11 heavy pollution events in Tianjin from 2019 to 2020 were employed. The positive matrix factorization （PMF） and conditional bivariate probability function （CBPF） were employed to analyze the sources of VOCs during heavy pollution episodes. The results indicated that the average VOCs volume fraction during these episodes was recorded at 35.7×10^-9. Furthermore, it was observed that during the winter emergency response period, there was a discernible increase in the volume fraction of VOCs when compared to that during the autumn season. Specifically, there was a notable upswing of 48% in the olefins category, whereas alkanes registered a 4% increase. Additionally, the VOCs component structure changed significantly during the heavy pollution episodes. During the orange warning period, the proportion of alkanes increased by 36%, and the proportion of acetylene decreased by 32%. During the yellow warning period, the proportion of alkanes increased by 14%, and the proportion of acetylene decreased by 5%. During the emergency response period, motor vehicle emission sources, natural gas evaporative sources, and solvent use sources were the main contributors of VOCs in environmental receptors, contributing 17.5%, 15.4%, and 15.2%, respectively. Compared with that during the period antecedent to the emergency response, the contribution of vehicle emission sources and diesel volatile sources to VOCs in environmental receptors decreased by 2.0% to 5.5% and 2.1% to 6.6%, respectively, and the contribution of solvent use sources decreased by 0.2% to 2.4% during the yellow warning period. During the orange warning period, the contribution of motor vehicle emission sources was reduced by 0.1% to 8.3%, and the contribution of solvent use sources was reduced by 0.5% to 6.2%.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of 40 Years of Fertilizer Application on the Characteristics of Soil Enzymatic Stoichiometry in Black Soil].","authors":"Hui-Yu Deng, Xing-Zhu Ma, Zi-Kai Liu, Yan-Ji Liu, Xiao-Yu Hao, Yue Zhao, Ji-Zheng He, Ju-Pei Shen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microorganisms produce extracellular enzymes to meet elemental requirements and cope with stoichiometric imbalances of resources. To gain insights into the cycling of C, N, and P, the activities of the C∶N∶P acquisition enzymes have been extensively investigated. To detect the effects of long-term fertilization practices on soil nutrient balance and characteristics of soil enzymatic stoichiometry in black soil, four different fertilization treatments were selected： no fertilization （CK）, nitrogen fertilizer （N）, phosphorus fertilizer （P）, and combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers （NP）. Soil samples were collected in both April 2021 and April 2022 to determine soil enzyme activities and their stoichiometric characteristics. The results showed that soil acid phosphatase and <i>β</i>-D-glucosidase activities were significantly higher in the N and NP treatments than in CK by 68%-158% and 26%-222%, respectively. Soil <i>β</i>-N-acetylaminoglucosidase activities were significantly higher in the P and NP treatments, with the highest around 75.48 nmol·（g·h）^-1 and 106.81 nmol·（g·h）^-1, respectively. Two-way ANOVA analysis showed that N and P inputs had a great impact on soil enzyme activities. Redundancy analysis showed that the main factors controlling enzyme activities were soil pH, microbial biomass phosphorus, and soil available P content. It was found that N inputs significantly increased enzyme vector length, which was ranged from 1.32 to 1.52, and the enzyme vector angles were all larger than 45°, suggesting C and P co-limited in the black soils. These findings suggest that 40 years of fertilization have had a great impact on soil enzymes and the related resource use strategy, which provides great implications for assessing soil nutrients balance and soil sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Landscape Pattern on Water Quality at Different Spatial and Temporal Scales in Wuding River Basin and Yanhe River Basin].","authors":"Xu-da Zhang, Xu Han, Chang-Shun Sun, Jia-Wei Zhang, Jing-Xiang Hu, Zhen-Yu Huang, Bao-Zhu Pan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202307031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202307031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the relationship between land use and water quality in basins with different land use patterns at different spatial and temporal scales, the Wuding River Basin and Yanhe River Basin were taken as research objects. Based on land use data in 2020 and water quality monitoring data during two periods, the redundancy analysis method was adopted to quantitatively explore the impact of land use on water quality at multiple scales. The results showed that： ① The main land use types in the two basins were cultivated land and grassland, and the difference was mainly in the proportion of bare land and forest land. ② The water quality in spring was better than that in autumn, and the water quality in the middle and lower reaches was worse. ③ The interpretation rate of land use on the riparian scale was the highest in the two basins. ④ The effect of land use on water quality was more significant in the Wuding River Basin in autumn than in spring, whereas the Yanhe River Basin showed the opposite trend. ⑤ Different land uses had different impacts on water quality. Bare land, cultivated land, and Shannon diversity index （SHDI） in the Wuding River Basin had significant impacts on water quality, whereas grassland, cultivated land, artificial surface, patch density （PD）, and SHDI were significant in the Yanhe River Basin. Cultivated land and artificial surfaces in the Wuding River Basin had a negative impact on water quality. Grassland and bare land had a negative correlation with most chemical indicators. Artificial surfaces and grasslands in the Yanhe River Basin had a negative impact on water quality, whereas forest land had a significant purification effect. The research results provide important information for sustainable land use and multi-scale landscape planning, which can be used to improve water quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Meteorological Conditions in Summer and Early Autumn on PM_2.5 and O₃ Pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Surrounding Areas].","authors":"Bo-Wen Li, Kai Zhang, Jian Gao, Qing-Xian Gao, Yu-Qian Luo, Ying-Xin Li, Jia-Hao Ren, Zhi-Chun Cha","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202306068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202306068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PM_2.5 pollution remains prominent in autumn, whereas O₃ pollution gradually manifests in summer. To understand the dual high characteristics and meteorological effects of PM_2.5 and O₃ in the summer and early autumn of 2021 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations, as well as meteorological conditions, subtropical high index, and weather situation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas were analyzed. The results showed that PM_2.5 concentration and DPO₃ （O₃ daily maximum 8h mean minus O₃ concentration at 06：00） from June to September 2021 decreased compared with those in the same period in 2020 and 2022, and high concentrations were mainly occurring in June. The overall PM_2.5 concentration and DPO₃ showed a gradual decrease from the middle to the north and south, with synchronous spatiotemporal changes. The hourly value of PM_2.5 concentration presented a multimodal distribution, reaching the peak at 07：00-10：00 and 22：00-24：00. O₃ concentration showed an opposite trend of change with PM_2.5 concentration, reaching their peak from 14：00-16：00. When DPO₃ and the concentration of PM_2.5 were high, the characteristics of near-surface meteorological elements were characterized by temperatures ranging from 24.0-28.0℃, relative humidity concentrated at 58.4%-76.3%, and wind speeds ranging from 1.5-3 m·s^-1. There was a high lag correlation between the subtropical high index and DPO₃. When the subtropical high was farther and stronger from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, DPO₃ was higher. The major weather patterns with both high PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations in the study area were near surface low-pressure front, high-pressure type, and frontal type. The high altitude was controlled by high-pressure ridges, and the subtropical high ridge line was stable between 21°-28°N.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Regional Difference and Spatial Convergence of Land Use Carbon Emissions in Three Urban Agglomerations of Yangtze River Economic Belt].","authors":"Na Zhang, Fang-Cheng Sun, Yu-Ling Hu, Jing Tang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is of great significance to explore the regional differences of land use carbon emission （LUCE） in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the path of coordinated emission reduction for regional sustainable development. Based on the LUCE estimation method, this study scientifically calculated the LUCE of the three major urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt （Yangtze River Delta, middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration） from 2010 to 2020. Kernel density estimation and the spatial convergence model were used to study the dynamic evolution, regional differences, and convergence characteristics of LUCE. The results showed that： ① The carbon absorption of forest land, water areas, grassland, and unused land were relatively small in terms of carbon emissions from cultivated land and construction land. The carbon emission of construction land increased gradually, whereas the carbon absorption of four carbon sinks fluctuated little during the study period. ② The core density curves of different urban agglomerations showed different distribution patterns, extensibility, and polarization characteristics but generally tended to be balanced. ③ From 2010 to 2020, the LUCE of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a whole showed the spatio-temporal characteristics of increasing first and then decreasing and high in the east and low in the west. The LUCE of the central cities of the three urban agglomerations were at the highest level steadily, and stable coupling mechanisms had not been established between the economic development level and the ecological environment. ④ The LUCE of the three urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt all had absolute <i>β</i> convergence and also had conditional <i>β</i> convergence under the model control variables such as economic development level, urbanization level, industrial structure, population density, and environmental regulation, etc., and the conditional convergence speed was greater than the absolute convergence speed in each region. The convergence speed of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration was the slowest. The above conclusions provide support for the coordinated emission reduction path of the three urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and are also conducive to actively and steadily promoting the realization of the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics and Influence of Atmospheric VOCs in Ozone Formation Potential in Suburb of Shanghai During Summer].","authors":"Qian Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202307220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202307220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To help promote ozone pollution control and understand the influence of atmospheric volatile organic compounds （VOCs） on O₃ during the summer ozone pollution season, the analyses of variation characteristics and ozone formation potentials of VOCs during O₃ pollution episodes were carried out based on the online monitoring data of VOCs and O₃, as well as the meteorological parameters in the suburban site of Shanghai. The impact of key meteorological factors and regional transport on O₃ and VOCs was investigated. The results showed that the mean value of atmospheric <i>φ</i>（VOCs） during summer in the suburban area of Shanghai was （20.91 ± 9.82）×10^-9, and the largest proportion of each component was with alkanes and OVOCs, both of which were 30.2%. The mean value of <i>φ</i>（VOCs） on O₃ polluted days was （23.84 ± 9.69）×10^-9, which was 28.1% higher than that on clean days. The OFP of VOCs on polluted days was 126.92 μg·m^-3, which was 31.9% higher than that on clean days. The contribution of olefins to OFP accounted for a significant increase, and species such as propylene and acetone were the most significant compared to on clean days, indicating that these components and species need to be the focus of mitigation. The variation characteristics of the ratio of ethane to acetylene （E/E） and the ratio of <i>m</i>/<i>p</i>-xylene to ethylbenzene（X/E） indicated that there was a significant regional transport influence of the summer air masses in the suburban area of Shanghai, and it occurred mainly in the afternoon and at night. The results of the pollution rose diagram and the backward trajectory of air masses indicated that air masses from the south and southwest directions had the greatest influence on the transport of VOCs in suburban Shanghai. In particular, it is necessary to focus on controlling olefin and OVOCs from southern air masses and aromatic hydrocarbons from southwestern air masses.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis and Optimization Suggestions on Allowance Allocation Methods of the Power Industry in the Carbon Market].","authors":"Chen Lü, Jian-Hui Ruan, Ke Wang, Xiao-Hui Song, Ze-Chen Zhang, Ling Jin, Bo-Feng Cai","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The initial allocation of carbon emission allowances is an important component of the carbon market. An equitable, scientific, and operational quota allocation method and quota management system are the cornerstones for ensuring the healthy operation of the carbon market. Owing to the high emissions, simple process, and good data foundation, the pilot and national carbon market in China have initially included the power industry in allowance management and introduced a common and differentiated quota allocation method. In this study, we compared the allowance allocation methods for the power industry and summarized the methods for key issues such as unit classification, correction factor, product measurement, and quota carry-over. We observed that there were concerns, such as lagging issuance time, lack of carry-over provisions, lack of regulatory mechanisms, and imperfect methods, in the first performance cycle of the national carbon market quota allocation. We improved the allowance allocation system for the power industry in the carbon market from the methodological and management perspectives, including establishing a total allowance constraint, clarifying quota carry-over provisions, improving the quota verification method for co-firing units, optimizing correction factors' selection, and introducing a compensatory distribution system in a timely manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}