环境科学最新文献

{"title":"[Optimization of Carbon Balance Zoning and Pattern in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Counties].","authors":"Jiao Pang, Xue-Han Huang, Jing Shan, Zi-Han Miao, Feng Yan, Yan-Rui Ding, Lin Shen, Yong-Xia Chen, Chun-Chun Yang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important \"capital city economic circle,\" the determination of county carbon balance zones in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei counties is of great significance to its regional low-carbon development and achievement of the \"dual-carbon\" strategy. This study explores the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of carbon emissions and sequestration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei counties from 2002 to 2020 based on the China carbon accounting database （CAD） and net ecosystem productivity （NEP） data. It further introduces the economy contributive coefficient （ECC） and ecological support coefficient （ESC） to analyze the energy efficiency and carbon sequestration capacity of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei counties, followed by the integration of the main functional areas （MFAs） of the territorial spatial planning. In this study, the carbon balance zoning of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei counties was optimized. The results showed that： ① In 2002, 2011, and 2020, the carbon emissions in the counties of Beijing and Tianjin showed a spatial distribution of \"high in the southeast and low in the northwest,\" and the areas with high carbon sequestration were concentrated in the northwestern part of the counties of Zhangjiakou and Chengde. ② The ECC and ESC exhibited distinctive spatial heterogeneity in their spatial distribution, with ECC showing a decrease from Beijing to the surrounding area and the coefficient increasing with passing years. ESC showed a high spatial distribution in the north and low in the south, which showed improvement with passing years with the implementation of the sustainable development strategy. ③ The county carbon balance zoning after integrating the main function zoning was further refined into 16 sub-zones, where the low-carbon maintenance zone-key ecological function zone was mainly concentrated in the northwest, with a wider distribution but decreasing trend in quantity. Further, the distribution of the economic development zone-agricultural products and the carbon sink development zone-agricultural products main production zone was relatively stable, and the comprehensive optimization zone-agricultural products main production zone was mainly located in the southeastern part of the region, with a the number being the largest. These findings provides accurate data supporting the control of carbon emissions and economic development zoning in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei counties.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"1974-1984"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecosystem Service Value and Its Driving Factors in the Aksu River Basin].","authors":"Jie Yang, Fan Gao, Hai-Liang Xu, Kun Liu, Fang-Hong Han","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ecological preservation and sustainable development of the Aksu River Basin, a key node in the \"Belt and Road\" plan, have a significant influence on the regional economy. Investigating the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service value （ESV） and the factors that drive it in the Aksu River Basin is crucial for maximizing the health of the regional ecosystem, encouraging the coordinated growth of the ecological economy and construction, and fostering peaceful coexistence between humans and the natural world. The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of ESV in the study area were analyzed using the land use transfer matrix, revised equivalent factor method, sensitivity analysis, ESV tradeoff collaborative analysis, and geographic detector based on five periods of land use data from 2000 to 2020 in the Aksu River Basin. The outcome demonstrates that：① Between 2000 and 2020, grassland and unused land were the main land use types in the Aksu River Basin, accounting for more than 80% of the total land use area. The largest outflow area was grassland （1 373.22 km²）, while the largest inflow area was arable land （2 141.51 km²）. ② The ESV in the study area exhibited a fluctuating downward trend from 2000 to 2020, with the total value of ESV in 2020 decreasing by 15.96% compared to that in 2000. The ESV generally exhibited a declining trend from the northern region to the southern region. ③ The synergistic relationship was the primary association among ecosystem service functions in the study area, while the tradeoff relationship primarily existed between food, raw material production, and other service functions.④Temperature and precipitation were the dominant factors affecting the change of ESV in the study area, and the influence of climatic factors on ESV was generally high. The interactive detection results showed that the multi-factor synergistic effect affects the change of ESV in the Aksu River Basin. The q value of the interaction between annual precipitation, temperature, and ground temperature was generally high （up to 0.54）, and the interaction between any two driving factors was stronger than the effect of a single factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2385-2397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Variation and Trade-off Synergistic Relationship of Ecosystem Services in Gannan Prefecture].","authors":"Jie Zhou, Jie Yang, Wen-Liu Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403255","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, situated in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin, serves as a crucial ecological function area and an environmental fragile zone. Therefore, studying the changes in ecosystem services and their associated trade-offs in this region is important for sustainable development. This study focuses on the Gannan Prefecture, utilizing the InVEST model to analyze the spatio-temporal shifts in land use types from 1990 to 2020. The research evaluates four key ecosystem services within this region： soil conservation, water yield, habitat quality, and carbon storage. Furthermore, it explores the trade-off synergies among these services. The results showed that： ① Between 1990 and 2020, the Gannan Prefecture experienced significant shifts in land use patterns. Construction land, low-coverage grassland, water bodies, and arable land exhibited an increase, while forest land, medium-coverage grassland, high-coverage grassland, and unused land showed a decline. These transformations were widespread across the counties and districts of the Gannan Prefecture, with notable concentrations observed in its northern regions, such as Xiahe, Hezuo, and Zhuoni, and southern areas, including Maqu and Zhouqu. Specifically, arable land underwent predominant conversion into high-coverage grassland, while forest land similarly transitioned into high-coverage grassland. Conversely, high-coverage grassland was converted into forest land, and medium-coverage grassland transitioned into low-coverage grassland. ② Over the past three decades, substantial advancements have been observed in soil conservation and water yield, with increases of 2.90×10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; t and 72.17×10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;. However, changes in habitat quality and carbon storage have been minimal. Spatially, the high values of these four ecosystem services were primarily located in vegetated areas such as forests and grasslands, with counties like Diebu, Zhouqu, Maqu, and Zhuoni serving as primary examples. Between 1990 and 2000, soil conservation and water yield declined in most regions, with the exception of the Maqu County. However, post-2000, a significant increase was noted in soil conservation and water yield in counties and districts such as Xiahe, Luqu, Maqu, and Lintan. Carbon storage remained relatively consistent in counties like Maqu, Diebu, and Zhouqu, with the primary reductions observed in the Xiahe County and Hezuo City. Between 1990 and 2020, habitat quality was found to be deficient in the majority of areas, particularly in counties and districts such as Xiahe, Hezuo, Luqu, and Diebu. Furthermore, progressive expansion of regions experiencing a decline in habitat quality has been observed over time. ③ At spatial scales of 1, 5, and 10 km, a synergistic relationship existed among the four ecosystem services, with soil conservation and carbon storage showing robust synergy. Spatial trade-offs were predominantly observed in regions such as ","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2398-2409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Seasonal Variation in DOM Spectral Characteristics and Sources in Different Types of Lakes].","authors":"Jing-Tian Gao, Shi-Ke Tang, Wen-Li Liu, Feng-Ping Yu, Peng Zhang, Wei-Ping Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To study the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and sources of dissolved organic matter （DOM） in different types of lakes, water samples were collected from the Wuliangsuhai Lake, Daihai Lake, and Nanhai Lake in Inner Mongolia in April and July 2023. The spectral characteristics and composition of DOM in the three lakes were analyzed using UV-vis spectroscopy, 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, and parallel factor analysis. Additionally, the response of DOM to water quality factors was explored. The results showed that the Daihai Lake had the highest DOM content among the three lakes. Compared to that during spring, the average concentration of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） during summer in the Wuliangsuhai Lake, Daihai Lake, and Nanhai Lake increased by 69.57%, 14.68%, and 85.88%, respectively. Additionally, the highest concentration of DOC in the Wuliangsuhai Lake increased from 15.32 mg·L^-1 in the northern region during spring to 25.73 mg·L^-1 in the central region during summer. The highest DOM concentration in the Daihai Lake was in the central region during spring with 56.12 mg·L^-1 DOC but in the western region during summer with 64.12 mg·L^-1 DOC. In the Nanhai Lake, the DOM in the inlet area was higher during spring, whereas it doubled in the outlet area during summer. Moreover, DOM in the Wuliangsuhai Lake showed the highest aromaticity and hydrophobicity, but lowest values were found in the Nanhai Lake. In addition, the humus of the three lakes mainly comprised fulvic acid. As for source, DOM was mainly endogenous during spring and exogenous during summer in the Wuliangsuhai Lake, while it was endogenous in the Daihai Lake and Nanhai Lake. Furthermore, the exogenous characteristics of DOM in the Daihai Lake were enhanced, while the endogenous characteristics of DOM in the Nanhai Lake were enhanced from spring to summer. Significant correlations were observed between DOM and TN, TP, and DO in the three lakes. The increase in TN, TP, and Chl-a in the Wuliangsuhai Lake and TN, TP, and COD in the Daihai Lake weakened the endogenous characteristics of DOM, whereas the increase in TN, Chl-a, DO, and COD in the Nanhai Lake enhanced the endogenous characteristics of DOM. The seasonal variation of spatial distribution and sources of DOM in different types of lakes were markedly influenced by hydrological conditions, external water input, biological activities, and human impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2154-2164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Graded Utilization Path of Coal Gangue in China].","authors":"Xin-Ru Cui, Xue-Ping Huo, Bing-Jie Zhou, Yun-Yao Hu, Yan-Qun Yang, Feng-Ling Yang, Zi-Chen Di","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China produces 600-800 million tons of coal gangue annually, and the utilization rate is maintained at approximately 70%, while the cumulative storage has reached 60-70 billion tons and is still increasing year by year, posing potential environmental risks. Because of the different lithology and mineral composition of coal-bearing strata deposited in different coal-forming stages, the properties of coal gangue exhibit significant regional differences. However, the current research and utilization process pays less attention to the regional heterogeneity of coal gangue, becoming a key issue restricting further increase in the utilization rate of coal gangue. From the perspectives of industrial policies, spatial heterogeneity, and technological potential, the current utilization status and utilization potential of coal gangue were systematically analyzed in this study, leading to the proposal of a regionalized grading and utilization scheme for coal gangue. The results indicate that, in the key directions encouraged for coal gangue utilization, because of economic and utilization constraints, policies and related research have gradually been shifting from focusing on power generation and production of building materials to eco-friendly disposal techniques such as underground filling and land reclamation. Over the past decade, the comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue has increased from 61.9% to 72.2%, with the main growth contribution coming from filling disposal, while utilization in power generation and building material production has remained stable at 21.6% and 7.5%, respectively. Eco-friendly disposal of coal gangue will be the main growth point for its utilization nationwide. In regions with large coal gangue production, such as Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Inner Mongolia, where coal gangue concentration is high, comprehensive utilization plans focusing on filling disposal as the primary method and processing utilization as secondary should be established. Among these regions, Inner Mongolia's coal gangue mainly consists of alumina-rich rock gangue, which should be prioritized for alumina extraction and building material production； Shanxi's coal gangue is mainly sandstone gangue with high calorific value, suitable for power generation and building material preparation； the coal gangue in the eastern region mainly comprises claystone and calcareous rock gangue, with relatively low production levels, and the local building material market is sufficient to cover the gangue output, making it a priority utilization direction； and in some mining areas in Shandong and Hebei, where the proportion of coal mining under \"three conditions\" is relatively high, extending the service life of mines can be achieved through \"coal-for-gangue\" substitution, with a focus on the development of underground filling technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2281-2291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Temporal and Spatial Relationship Between Ecological Resilience and Land Use Intensity in the Xi'an City].","authors":"Bo-Wen Zhang, Xiang-Long Tang, Jie-Xin Cui","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202405115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202405115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study of the temporal and spatial relationship between ecological resilience and land use intensity is of great value for solving the ecological security problems caused by rapid urban expansion. Based on the three dimensions of resistance, adaptability, and resilience, the ecological resilience evaluation system was constructed, and the spatial and temporal change pattern of ecological resilience and land use intensity in Xi'an from 1990 to 2020 was analyzed by using the ecosystem service value equivalent factor, ecological resilience, landscape stability, and land use intensity models. Finally, we used bivariate spatial autocorrelation, geographical weighted regression, and other methods to explore the spatio-temporal relationship between the two. The results showed that： ① From 1990 to 2020, the ecological resilience of Xi'an showed a general decline in time and a low distribution pattern in the middle and northern parts of Xi'an and a high distribution pattern in the south. The ecological resilience of the northern urban center was the lowest, and the distribution area continued to increase. From the perspectives of resistance, adaptability, and resilience, except for adaptability, the distribution pattern was high in the south and low in the north, and the adaptability was low in the southern mountainous area because of the impact of landscape pattern fragmentation. ② From 1990 to 2020, the land use intensity in the northern urban center of Xi'an and the area with intensive human activities continued to increase. In other areas, land use intensity did not change significantly over time, showing a spatial pattern of high in the middle and north and low in the south. ③ The ecological toughness of Xi'an was negatively correlated with land use intensity, and the area where land use intensity had a greater impact on ecological toughness gradually moved southward over time. In 1990, the regression coefficient between ecological toughness and land use intensity was low, and the correlation was not obvious. The concentration of high land use intensity and low ecological toughness was dominant in the central and northern regions, while the concentration of low land use intensity and high ecological toughness was dominant in the southern region and showed a trend of initial decrease and subsequent increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2463-2474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Distribution, Influencing Factors, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil Profile of Farmland in the Guanzhong Plain].","authors":"Shu Zhu, Shu-Yi Li, Yang Yu, Yuan-Jun Zhu, Jiang-Bo Qiao, Ming-An Shao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to understand the spatial distribution, influencing factors, ecological risk characteristics, and sources of heavy metals in the soil profile （0-1 m） of farmland in the Guanzhong Plain, soil samples of 0-1 m were collected from 124 sites in the Guanzhong Plain. The contents of heavy metals （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn） in soil were analyzed at different depths （0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, and 60-100 cm）. The study generated the spatial distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals based on geostatistics and investigated the influencing factors of heavy metals based on structural equation modeling （SEM）. In addition, the ecological environmental risks of soil heavy metals were evaluated using the methods of index of geo-accumulation （<i>I</i>_geo）, single factor contaminant index （<i>P_i</i>）, and potential ecological risk index （<i>E_i</i>）. Finally, the sources of soil heavy metals were analyzed using the PMF model. The results showed that the average heavy metal content of <i>ω</i>（As）, <i>ω</i>（Cd）, <i>ω</i>（Cr）, <i>ω</i>（Cu）, <i>ω</i>（Ni）, <i>ω</i>（Pb）, and <i>ω</i>（Zn） in the 0-10 cm were 19.57, 0.71, 69.65, 21.91, 28.67, 17.54, and 73.77 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The average values of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn exceeded the background values. With the increasing soil depth, all heavy metals showed a decreasing trend except for Cd and Ni. The spatial distribution indicated that different heavy metals in the same soil layer had different spatial distributions, and the spatial distribution of heavy metals also varied at different depths. The structural equation model showed that the factors affecting the distribution of heavy metals at different depths were deeply dependent. The ecological risk assessment showed that Cd at different depths had higher ecological risks, while the rest were considered minor risks. The sources of 0-40 cm soil layer were consistent, and the main sources were pesticides and herbicides, organic fertilizers and fertilizers, natural sources, and traffic-induced atmospheric subsidence and industrial sources； the sources of 40-100 cm were consistent, and the main sources were pesticides and herbicides, organic fertilizers and fertilizers, natural sources, and traffic-induced atmospheric subsidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2501-2511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Meta-analysis of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Active Fractions in Response to Straw and Film Mulching].","authors":"Na Yang, Xiao-Han Mao, Yan Li, Hong-Yu Hao, Zhao-Hui Wang, Zi-Yan Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to study the differences in the effects of mulching measures on soil organic carbon （SOC） and carbon fractions under different environments and farmland management measures, the Meta-quantitative analysis method was used to analyze the changes in SOC and carbon fractions under straw and film mulching, and the environmental and farmland management measures at the test sites were grouped to explore their change characteristics under different environments. Compared with film mulching, straw mulching was more beneficial to increase SOC, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） contents. The SOC percentage change rate under straw mulching was 14.93% higher than that under film mulching when the mean annual temperature was higher than 10℃, and the SOC percentage change rate under film mulching was 6.47% higher than that under straw mulching when the mean annual temperature was lower than 10℃. The difference in MBC percentage change rate between different mean annual precipitation amounts reached 27.02%. Crop rotation was conducive to increasing SOC and carbon fractions under straw mulching, but the percentage change rate of SOC under film mulching without crop rotation decreased by 4.52%. There was a significant positive correlation between DOC response ratio and SOC response ratio, but no significant correlation between MBC response ratio and SOC response ratio, and the film mulching time had a significant negative correlation with SOC response ratio. Compared with film mulching, straw mulching was more conducive to increasing SOC and active carbon fractions content under various environmental and management measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2292-2300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Source Apportionment and Ecological Risk of Soil Heavy Metals in Typical Vanadium-titanium Magnetite Mining Areas Affected by Intensive Transportation Activities in Chengde].","authors":"Hou-Yun Sun, Feng Ma, Zi-Ran Chen, Xi Zhu, Xiao-Feng Wei","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 895 surface soil samples （0-20 cm） and five road-dust samples were collected in a typical vanadium-titanium magnetite mining area of Hongqi-Damiao catchment in the Chengde City and analyzed for 12 heavy metals （Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Hg, V, Ti, Mn, As, and Co） and their chemical speciation. The accumulation and ecological risk characteristics of soil heavy metals （HMs） were clarified by geological accumulative index, potential ecological risk index （RI）, risk assessment coding （RAC）, and modified Nemerow integrated ecological risk index （mNIER）. Multiple statistical methods including principal component analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, redundancy analysis, and GIS spatial analysis were used to investigate the spatial variation response of soil HMs to the environmental impact factors （distance to the road network, land use, and soil parent material types）. The sources of HMs were quantitatively analyzed using a positive matrix factorization （PMF） model. The results showed that the over-standard rates of Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 5.70%, 2.79%, 1.01%, 0.67%, 0.11%, and 0.11%, respectively, in comparison to China's soil environmental quality standard risk screening values （GB15618-2018）. The average accumulation index of soil HMs followed the order of Cu&gt;Ti&gt;Cr&gt;V&gt;Co&gt;Ni&gt;Cd&gt;Zn&gt;Mn&gt;As&gt;Hg&gt;Pb, while the average accumulation index of Cu was 1.23 and categorized as moderate accumulation. The accumulation of Cu, Zn, Cr, Mn, V, Ti, Co, and Ni gradually decreased within a distance of 200 m, while the content of Cd in soil was relatively stable within the distance from 25 m to 800 m to the road network, and the accumulation index of Pb, Hg, and As in soil was highest at the 200 m buffer zone. The average RAC value of 12 HMs followed the order of Cd&gt;Mn&gt;Ni&gt;Zn&gt;Hg&gt;Co&gt;Pb&gt;Cu&gt;As&gt;Cr&gt;V&gt;Ti. The average RAC value of the Cd element was 46.45%, showing high biological activity, while the bioavailability RAC value of other elements was generally categorized as low-risk or risk-free level. The potential ecological risk of HMs in soil was relatively low with the RI value range between 51.48 to 1 152.39 （average of 131.2） and the mNIER value range between 10.32 to 745.57, with an average value of 32.85, in which 97.43% of the samples were classified as light to moderate risk. Based on the PMF model, 44.82%, 33.45%, 32.27%, and 24.35% of Pb, Hg, Cd, and Zn in surface soil were contributed by intensive transportation activities, respectively. The main sources of 12 HMs in the study area were the combined sources of natural sources （soil parent materials）, weathering sources of V-Ti-Fe-P deposits, dust deposition from industrial and mining activities and coal combustion, agricultural sources, and traffic sources, with their contribution rates of 27.46%, 21.12%, 19.29%, 17.05%, and 15.08%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2486-2500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Potential and Mechanism of High-temperature Pretreatment Composting of Food Waste for Amendment of Cadmium and Lead-contaminated Soil].","authors":"Lin-Pei Han, Lei Li, Xin-Yi Xu, Wen-Jie Ye, Yun Xu, Yi-Lu Gu, Xu-Ya Peng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the potential of high-temperature pretreatment composting of food waste for the amendment of cadmium （Cd） and lead （Pb）-contaminated soil, food waste subjected to high-temperature pretreatment composting （HC）, traditional composting （TC）, and only high-temperature pretreatment were combined with inorganic passivators （lime/zeolite） for an indoor passivation cultivation experiment. The results indicated that HC combined with the inorganic passivators group （HLZ） exhibited the most effective passivation potential for Cd and Pb in soil, achieving passivation rates of 76.92% and 86.29%, respectively. Additionally, the residual fraction of Cd and Pb in the soil increased by 10.65% and 19.94% compared to that of the control group （CK）. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed that high-temperature pretreatment could facilitate the degradation of organic matter during aerobic composting, thereby improving the humification degree of organic fertilizer. As a result, the produced carboxylic acids and hydroxyl compounds were able to complex with more Cd and Pb ions, reducing their bioavailability and mobility. Moreover, the pH and electrical conductivity （EC） of the soil in the HLZ group significantly increased by 28.23% and 23.80%, respectively （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. Furthermore, the HLZ group exhibited the highest levels of available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients （1.62, 2.94, and 1.34 times higher than in CK）, as well as activities of urease, hydrogen peroxide enzyme, sucrase enzyme, and phosphatase enzyme （7.17, 2.09, 1.83, and 8.36 times higher than in CK）. Notably, phosphatase activity was positively correlated with the passivation rates of Cd and Pb （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. The HLZ group, characterized by high phosphatase activity （23.83 mg·g^-1·d^-1）, exhibited greater potential in passivating heavy metals Cd and Pb and improving soil ecological functions. Redundancy analysis of soil physicochemical indicators and the passivation effect of heavy metals indicated that soil pH, available nitrogen, organic matter, and EC significantly influenced the transformation of Cd and Pb fractions （<i>P</i>&lt;0.01）. The soil in the HLZ group possessed high pH, effective nitrogen, organic matter, and EC and particularly significantly higher levels of effective nitrogen content and EC compared to those in other treatment groups （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）, which could be the primary reason for the optimal potential of HLZ in the amendment of Cd and Pb-contaminated soils. This study provides a feasible application of high-temperature pretreatment compost products from food waste and the amendment of heavy metal-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2537-2546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}