环境科学最新文献

{"title":"[Crisis Transformation of the Coupling Effect of Building Carbon Reduction-Environmental Protection-Economic Development System in China].","authors":"Qing Yang, Jin-Mei Wang, Xing-Xing Liu, Ling-Mei Fu, Zhao-Lin Duan, Chan-Yuan Wu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring the spatio-temporal evolution and coordinated developmental level of the building carbon reduction-environmental protection-economic development system and analyzing the risks and opportunities of building carbon emission management are crucial for achieving the goals of realizing carbon peak and carbon neutrality. A comprehensive evaluation index system and coupled coordinated development, state space, and crisis transformation degree models were constructed to study the coupling effects of the building carbon reduction-environmental protection-economic development system in China from 2010 to 2020. The results showed that： ① The comprehensive evaluation value of the environmental protection system increased steadily, from 0.44 in 2010 to 0.49 in 2020, with an overall increase of 9.82%, whereas the regional differences were gradually decreasing. The comprehensive evaluation value of the economic development system was the lowest, rising from 0.14 in 2010 to 0.24 in 2020, with an overall increase of 43.16%. Although the growth rate was large, considerable regional differences were observed. The comprehensive evaluation value of the building carbon reduction system showed a decelerating trend, from 0.45 in 2010 to 0.44 in 2020, with an overall decrease of 2.27%, and achieving building carbon peaks in a short time was difficult for the provinces. ② The national coupled coordinated development index was still at a low level, concentrated between 0.3 and 0.4, and marked regional differences were observed, with only a few provinces in the more coordinated developmental level. Overall, the country has shown a growing trend, and the uncoordinated development has gradually evolved into general coordinated development, but the extremely coordinated developmental area is still lacking and has the potential for improvement. The transformation degree of crisis was also at a low level, concentrated between 0.3 and 0.5, with an increase of 49.22% in 2020 compared with that in 2006, and a multi-level differentiation trend was observed. ③ The coupled coordinated development index of most provinces was higher than the crisis transformation degree, making it difficult to judge that their multi-systems were in a state of high development, based on the high coordinated developmental level. Improving the coupled coordination index would not necessarily improve the crisis transformation degree. Comprehensive judgment of the state distribution of the provinces according to the crisis transformation degree, analysis of the crisis, turning the crisis into an opportunity, and optimization of the developmental path are necessary. ④ The realization of building carbon reduction-environmental protection-economic development system crisis transformation requires comprehensive consideration of multi-agent, multi-stage, multi-system, and all-round efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2035-2046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Obstacle Factors of the Coupling Synergy Between New-type Urbanization and Low-carbonization of the Living Energy Consumption of Urban Residents].","authors":"Qing-Xiang Yu, Jun-Song Jia, Han-Zhi Huang, Di-Lan Chen, Shu-Ting Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clarifying the dynamics and mechanism of the coupling and coordination relationship between new-type urbanization and the low-carbonization of the living energy consumption of urban residents can provide basic data and theoretical support for the national low-carbon economy and other high-quality development strategies from the perspective of urbanization. The entropy method, coupling coordination model, kernel density estimation, and obstacle model were used to investigate the spatial and temporal characteristics, coupling coordination, and obstacle factors of the two systems of China's new-type urbanization and the low-carbonization of the living energy consumption of urban residents from 2005 to 2021. The results showed that： ① The overall level of new-type urbanization and low-carbonization of the living energy consumption of urban residents showed an upward trend, and both had obvious spatial differentiation characteristics. ② The coupling coordination degree of new-type urbanization and the low-carbonization of the living energy consumption of urban residents showed a clear upward trend, increasing from 0.553 in 2005 to 0.714 in 2021. The overall spatial pattern of the coupling coordination degree exhibited a strong positive correlation, spatial correlation was enhanced, local spatial structure and dependence of the direction of the fluctuation were weak, and certain path dependent characteristics were observed. ③ Economic urbanization was the dimension with the biggest obstacle in the guideline layer of the new-type urbanization system, with an average obstacle degree of 34.77%； the built-up area ratio was the indicator with the biggest obstacle degree in the system, with an average obstacle degree of 23.48%. In the system of low-carbonization of the living energy consumption of urban residents, the indicator of carbon emission per unit of energy consumption had the strongest barrier effect, with an average barrier degree of 29.13%, whereas the indicator of carbon emission density had the weakest barrier effect, with an average barrier degree of 3.34%. Therefore, each province is recommended to construct development plans according to local conditions, establish a cross-regional and multi-dimensional synergy and cooperation mechanism, and promote the construction of new-type urbanization in an orderly manner, to facilitate the realization of the \"dual-carbon\" goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2078-2088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Accumulation Characteristics, Pollution Risk, and Source Analysis of Soil Heavy Metals Around a Coal Mining Area in the Baiyin Section of the Upper Yellow River].","authors":"Jun Li, Zhan-Dong Gao, Li-Bang Ma, Xin-Ying Tuo, Fa-Yuan Zhou, Xu Li, Xiao-Hong Ma, Fei Zang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404060","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To quantitatively assess and accurately ascertain the characteristics, sources, and ecological risks of soil heavy metal pollution in the arid and semi-arid coal mining areas of the upper Yellow River Basin, the Wangjiashan coal mining area in Pingchuan of the Baiyin City was selected for this study. Based on the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the soils of the urban areas and agricultural lands around the coal mining region, the geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, modified Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, and comprehensive ecological risk index were employed to systematically quantify the levels of soil heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risks. Furthermore, cluster analysis and the positive matrix factorization receptor model were jointly utilized to quantitatively explore the sources of soil heavy metals and their respective contribution rates. The results showed： ① The contents of the eight heavy metals in the urban soils around the study area were below the risk screening values for Type I construction land in the \"Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Pollution of Construction Land （Trial）\" （GB 36600-2018）. However, the contents of Pb, Hg, Cd, Zn, Cu, As, and Cr exceeded the soil background values of Gansu Province in 100%, 88.89%, 44.44%, 22.22%, 16.67%, 13.89%, and 2.78% of the samples, respectively. The contents of the eight heavy metals in the agricultural soils were below the screening values for soils with pH &gt; 7.5 in the \"Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Pollution of Agricultural Land （Trial）\" （GB 15618-2018）. Yet, the concentrations of Pb, Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, As, and Ni exceeded the soil background values of the Gansu Province in 100%, 89.74%, 38.46%, 25.64%, 23.09%, 23.08%, and 17.95% of the examined samples, respectively. ② The soil pollution in the surrounding areas was predominantly characterized by Hg and Pb, overall presenting a moderate level of contamination. However, the degree of comprehensive pollution in urban soils exceeded that of agricultural soils. The urban soils were in a state of relatively high ecological risk, whereas the agricultural soils exhibited a moderate ecological risk. Notably, Hg was the principal hazardous element contributing to the ecological risk of the soils around the study area. ③ In the surrounding soils, the presence of As was impacted by coal combustion-agricultural sources and natural sources, contributing 40.73% and 26.68%, respectively. Cd originated from industrial and transportation sources, with contribution rates of 37.07% and 26.17%, respectively. Cr was affected by natural sources at 35.37%. Cu and Zn were influenced by the combined effects of coal combustion-agricultural sources and transportation sources, with respective contribution rates of 29.94% and 41.19% for Cu and 31.41% and 40.32% for Zn. Hg was predominantly influenced by coal mining activities, accounting for 99.99% of its s","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2475-2485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Level of Typical Antibiotics in Effluent from Beijing Wastewater Treatment Plants].","authors":"Fan Wang, Ya-Lin Wu, Jing-Xu Xu, Gui-Zhong Liu, Chang-Hong Sun, Wen-Cui Ling","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the concentration level of antibiotics in the effluent of Beijing's wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs）, ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS） was used to detect antibiotics in the effluent of nine WWTPs in Beijing, and the effects of the WWTPs process and the years of construction and other factors on the antibiotic level were analyzed. The correlation between antibiotics and conventional water quality indicators, anionic active agents, and heavy metals was analyzed. The results showed that a total of 13 antibiotics in four categories were detected in nine WWTPs, with total concentrations ranging from 16.18 to 330.02 ng·L^-1, among which sulfapyridine, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin were detected at a rate of 100%； sulfadimethoxine was detected at a rate of 88.9%； and sulfadoxine, sulfachloropyridazine, and ofloxacin were detected at a rate of 77.8%. In terms of the average detection concentration, the highest were ofloxacin, roxithromycin, and sulfapyridine, respectively, at 43.83, 13.89, and 7.51 ng·L^-1. Compared with other WWTPs in China and abroad, the concentration levels of sulfonamides and quinolones in the effluent of Beijing's WWTPs were significantly lower. Among the macrolide antibiotics, clarithromycin was detected at a relatively low concentration level, and the remaining types were comparable to those of other WWTPs. Correlation analysis of antibiotic concentrations with conventional water quality indicators, anionic active agents, and heavy metals showed that sulfonamide antibiotics had no significant correlation with most of the indicators mentioned above, whereas macrolide antibiotics were positively correlated with TP, BOD, anionic active agents, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2263-2270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial and Temporal Differences and Influencing Factors of Mobile Genetic Elements in Urban and Suburban River Sediments in Shijiazhuang City].","authors":"Hao-da Chen, Sai Gao, Lin-Jing Wang, Bo Zhao, Meng-Qi Lu, Yuan-Meng Song, Jian-Sheng Cui, Lu-Lu Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the widespread use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture, the spread of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） in the environment has become a serious threat to ecological balance and human health, particularly for its role in facilitating the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The study of riverine environments as a major transmission route for ARGs and closely related mobile genetic elements （MGEs） is of great importance. MGEs exacerbate the spread of resistance genes by facilitating the horizontal transfer of ARGs in bacterial populations. Although studies have been conducted to explore the interactions between MGEs and ARGs, there is still a relative lack of research on the spatial and temporal differences in the distribution of MGEs in rivers and their drivers. This study selected two rural rivers （with a total of six sampling points） and three urban rivers （with a total of nine sampling points） within Shijiazhuang as research subjects, and sediment samples were collected in December 2020 and April 2021. By employing metagenomic sequencing technology, this study comprehensively compared and analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of MGEs in the sediment of urban and rural rivers. The results showed that： ① In December, 1 738 types of MGEs （60572 RPKM） and 1 604 types of MGEs （26916 RPKM） were detected in urban and rural rivers, respectively. In April, 1 790 types of MGEs （74354 RPKM） and 1 631 types of MGEs （32062 RPKM） were detected in urban and rural rivers, respectively. ② The types and abundance of MGEs in urban rivers were greater than those in rural rivers, and the types and abundance of MGEs in April were greater than those in December. ③ <i>ISPa38</i>, <i>IS26</i>, and <i>tnpA</i> were the most significantly different typical MGEs among the rivers in urban and suburban Shijiazhuang. ④ PCoA and NMDS analyses showed significant spatiotemporal differences in MGEs between urban and rural rivers. ⑤ Correlation analysis and co-occurrence results indicated that the abundance of MGEs in urban rivers was significantly positively correlated with antibiotic concentration, industrial enterprises, sewage treatment plants, total population, livestock farming, and aquaculture. In suburban rivers, the abundance of MGEs was mainly significantly positively correlated with antibiotic concentration, livestock farming, aquaculture, and total population. Overall, by comparing the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of MGEs in urban and rural rivers and identifying the main driving factors of MGEs in urban and suburban rivers, this study provides data support for subsequent risk management and control of antibiotic resistance in different rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2250-2262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Yangtze River Basin and Its Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Activities].","authors":"Zi-Han Zhang, Xing Chen, Hai-Bin Li, Fa-Zhi Xie, Xin-Yi Fu, Tian-Qi Ma, Xiang Dong, Xi He, Liu-Gen Zheng","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dissolved organic matter （DOM） is involved in many biogeochemical processes and plays an important role in aquatic ecosystems. Notable differences appear in land use types in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the distribution characteristics and optical properties of DOM and its response to natural and anthropogenic activities vary greatly in long-distance transport. This study systematically collected 84 water samples from the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin and used ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy （UV-vis）, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy combined with fluorescence region integration （FRI）, and parallel factor analysis （PARAFAC） to analyze the distributional and compositional characteristics of DOM in the Yangtze River Basin and to explore the response of DOM to natural and anthropogenic activities. The results showed that： ① The average DOC concentration in the Yangtze River Basin was 3.17 mg·L^-1, and the average DOC concentrations in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the river were 2.75, 3.24, and 4.83 mg·L^-1, respectively, showing an upward trend. ② The FRI showed that humic acid-like fractions （P_Ⅴ） accounted for the highest percentage of DOM in the Yangtze River Basin, with an average value of 60.77%, and PARAFAC resolved three fluorescent components, namely C1 （UAC-like humic acid）, C2 （tryptophan-like）, and C3 （UV-like humic acid）. ③ DOM in the Yangtze River Basin was generally affected by the input of microbial and terrestrial sources together, and the upstream DOM had a low biogenicity index （BIX）, which was dominated by terrestrial inputs. The middle reaches of the DOM had a higher number of aromatic substances, and hydrophobicity components were more abundant, showing strong humus and weakly neophytic autochthonous source characteristics. The downstream DOM had small relative molecular mass and obvious autochthonous source characteristics and was substantially affected by microbial activities. The results of this study can help to identify the biogeochemical cycles of DOM on a regional scale and provide a basis for water resource management and water environment protection in the Yangtze River Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2135-2144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Remediation Potential of <i>Pueraria thomsonii</i> Benth. on Farmland Soil Contaminated by Cd, As, and Pb].","authors":"Xiao-Bing Lin, Jian-Rong He, Duo-Ji Wu, Juan Yao, Li-Jun Zhou, Jun Peng, Bin-Qiang Wang, Shao-Lang He, Shang-Shu Huang, Lin Wu, Jian-Fu Wu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the growth, enrichment characteristics, and remediation potential of <i>Pueraria thomsonii</i> Benth. （\"Hua ye ge\" and \"Gan ge er hao\"） on cadmium （Cd）, arsenic （As）, and lead （Pb）-contaminated soils, the remediation potential of <i>P. thomsonii</i> in a large field experiment under different trial fields. The results showed that the whole plant biomass （dry weight） of <i>P. thomsonii</i> was 4.58-12.45 t·hm^-2, and the biomass of \"Hua ye ge\" was higher than that of \"Gan ge er hao.\" The contents of Cd, As, and Pb in different parts of <i>P. thomsonii</i> were 1.63-17.04, 0.15-20.97, and 0.40-231.12 mg·kg^-1, respectively. The accumulations of Cd, As, and Pb of <i>P. thomsonii</i> were 14.01-109.06, 4.10-27.59, and 49.97-305.69 g·hm^-2, respectively. The removal rates of Cd, As, and Pb of <i>P. thomsonii</i> were 0.40%-2.57%, 0.02%-0.08%, and 0.06%-0.09%, respectively. The bioconcentration factors of <i>P. thomsonii</i> for Cd, As, and Pb were 0.09-13.12, 0.01-0.38, and 0.01-0.76, respectively, and the translocation factors were 0.50-4.72, 1.27-15.89, and 1.19-35.68, respectively. Among them, the contents of Cd, As, and Pb in the main vine and the As accumulation and removal rate of \"Hua ye ge\" were all significantly higher than that of \"Gan ge er hao\" （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05）. The biomass was mainly concentrated in the tuber, while the heavy metal content and accumulation was mainly concentrated in the stem and leaf. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between soil Cd content and Cd content in the main vine and leaf of <i>P. thomsonii</i> （<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05）. A significant positive correlation was observed between soil Pb content and Pb content in all parts of <i>P. thomsonii</i> （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. Except for \"Hua ye ge\" in Xiangdong, the content of heavy metals in the commercial <i>P. thomsonii</i> portion （arrowroot） was lower than the standard limit for medicinal plants. In summary, the <i>P. thomsonii</i> showed strong absorption and transport capacity for Cd, As, and Pb. \"Hua ye ge\" was selected as a potential enrichment plant source for the remediation of severe Cd-based combined contaminated soil. Additionally, \"Gan ge er hao\" （used as <i>Pueraria</i> powder） was selected as a potential enrichment plant for the remediation of mild and moderate Cd-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2547-2556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Changes of Land Use and Their Impacts on Ecosystem Service Value in the Agro-pastoral Ecotone of Northern China].","authors":"Zhi-Yu Shi, Wan-Ping Pu, Ji-Hong Dong","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using the geographic information graph method to analyze the spatiotemporal changes of land use/land cover change （LUCC） in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China from 2000 to 2020, the ecosystem service value （ESV） in the study area was calculated based on an improved equivalent factor method, and the response degree between LUCC and ESV change was explored. The results showed that the main land use types in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China were grassland and cultivated land. The land use change rate from 2000 to 2020 was 0.59%. After 2010, the land use change rate decreased, and construction land was the most significant land use type in the study area. The most obvious change in the land use transfer map in the study area was the \"cultivated land → grassland\" map type, followed by the \"grassland → cultivated land\" map type. In the land use increase map of the research area from 2000 to 2020, the newly added grassland area was the largest, followed by newly added cultivated land. In the land use decrease map, the shrinking cultivated land area was the largest, followed by shrinking grassland. The overall spatial pattern of ESV in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China showed a characteristic of \"high in the central region and low in the east-west region,\" showing an increasing trend, mainly manifested as a general increase. The conversion of cultivated land to grassland and forest land, as well as the conversion of grassland to forest land, were the main driving forces for the increase in ESV in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China. The conversion of grassland to cultivated land and water to cultivated land was the main driving force for the decrease in ESV in the study area. The research results reveal the characteristics of land use change in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China, clarify the impact of different types of land use transformation on the value of ecosystem services, and provide scientific basis for optimizing regional land use structure and spatial pattern and enhancing ecosystem services.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2373-2384"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of the Grain for Green Program on Ecosystem Services in Northern Shaanxi, China].","authors":"Jian-Ji An, Xue-Feng Yuan, Yue Yang, Qi-Min An, Qiang-Jun Su","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study quantitatively evaluated ecosystem services of carbon storage （CS）, water yield （WY）, soil conservation （SC）, and food supply （FS） in northern Shaanxi and assesses the implementation areas and types of the Grain for Green Program （GFGP）. It examined the impact of GFGP on ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi from the perspectives of spatio-temporal patterns, hot spot distribution, trade-offs and synergies. The results indicated： ① From 2000 to 2020, CS, WY, SC, and FS in northern Shaanxi increased by 19.16 million t （2.63%）, 1 156.11 million m³ （51.35%）, 344.21 million t （26.31%）, and 5.10 million t （60.48%）, respectively. The cumulative implementation area of GFGP reached 4 538.25 km², with cropland-to-forest, cropland-to-grassland, and barren-to-forest/grassland accounting for 22.71%, 73.46%, and 3.83% of the total, respectively. ② In the project implementation areas, the increases in CS and SC were significant, while the increase in WY was relatively small, and FS showed a declining trend. Distinct differences were observed in ecosystem service changes among different types of implementation areas of GFGP. ③A trade-off relationship was observed between most ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi, which gradually weakened from 2000 to 2020, with relatively weaker trade-off relationships observed within the project implementation areas of GFGP. ④ The areas providing multiple ecosystem services in northern Shaanxi significantly increased, with cropland-to-forest playing a prominent role in promoting the emergence of multiple-hot-spots, while barren-to-forest/grassland effectively eliminated zero-hot-spot. ⑤ Future efforts in northern Shaanxi should focus on enhancing the sustainability of food provisioning and alleviating water resource shortages. Strategies should be classified based on the actual situation of ecosystem services, utilizing barren-to-forest/grassland to reduce areas lacking ecosystem services and promoting the synergistic development of multiple ecosystem services through cropland-to-forest.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2410-2427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Detection of the Spatial and Temporal Differentiation and Influencing Factors of Vegetation Changes in the Haihe River Basin].","authors":"Peng-Kai Liu, Liang-Yi Rao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the spatial and temporal variation in vegetation coverage in the Haihe River Basin and its influencing factors can provide a theoretical reference for its ecological protection and construction. Based on the datasets of the normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI）, natural factors, and socioeconomic factors, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the NDVI in the Haihe River Basin from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed by using the maximum value synthesis method, Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, the Mann-Kendall significance test, the Hurst index, and a geographical detector. The factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the NDVI were discussed. The results showed that： ① The NDVI in the Haihe River Basin showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2000 to 2020, with a growth rate of 0.003 2 a^-1. High vegetation coverage and medium-high vegetation coverage accounted for 81.79% of the total area, and vegetation coverage was generally at a high level. The spatial distribution of the NDVI showed obvious differences, which were high in the west and low in Bohai Bay and urban areas. The area of vegetation improvement in the future was 49.68%. ② The <i>q</i> values of the land use type and soil type were 0.254 and 0.222, respectively, which were the dominant factors affecting the spatial variation in the NDVI. Rainfall and temperature were secondary factors, and the <i>q</i> values were 0.164 and 0.147, respectively. The <i>q</i> value of interaction land use type ∩ soil type was the highest （0.442）, followed by the <i>q</i> value of land use type ∩ annual precipitation （0.428）. Vegetation change is the result of the combined effect of various factors. It is necessary to formulate different strategies and managements according to local conditions. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the eco-environmental construction as well as the sustainable development of the Haihe River Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2352-2362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}