Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science最新文献

{"title":"[Key Issues and Challenges in Establishing Regionally Differentiated Water Quality Standard in China].","authors":"Ying-Cai Tang, Dong-Bin Wei, Yin-Hu Wu, Zhuo Chen, Yun Lu, Hua-Nan Gao, An-Ran Liao, Nan Huang, Hong-Wei Xu, Zi-Tong Liao, Ren Ding, Han Yan, Zhuo-Wei Zhang, Hong-Ying Hu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of environmental management in China is transitioning from pollution control to the improvement of ecological quality. The establishment of regional differential water quality standards can better adapt to the ecological characteristics and development needs of different regions. Given the shortcomings of current water quality standards and the needs of technological development, this study analyzed the causes and influencing factors of regional differences in water quality standards and summarized China's regional variations in areas such as the characteristics of receiving water bodies, social attributes, climate conditions, physicochemical properties of water, and aquatic biotic populations. It also examined the impact of regional characteristics on the assessment of biological toxicity. Based on these analyses, the study identified key scientific questions that may arise in the development of regional differential water quality standards in China and outlined future critical research directions in this field. These directions include developing theories and methods for determining the effluent dilution coefficient, establishing methods for identifying regional key water quality indicators and assessing their impact on water quality standards, determining regional characteristic species and their influence on water quality standards, and formulating theories and methods for categorizing different regions across the country. The aim of the study was to provide a reference for the scientific establishment of water quality standards in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Microplastics on Soil N₂O Emission and Nitrogen Transformations from Tropical Agricultural Soils].","authors":"Xiao-Tong Wang, You-Feng Leng, Jun-Jiao Wang, Xiao-Min Huang, Ya-Jun Fu, Chang-Hua Fan, Wen-Long Gao, Wen Zhang, Zi-Yu Ning, Miao Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A widespread concern had been there regarding soil ecological and environmental problems caused by microplastic pollution in agricultural soils. A controlled laboratory incubation experiment was performed to examine the effects of different types of microplastics on soil properties, N₂O emissions, and nitrogen （N） transformations in tropical arable soils from a pepper-corn cropping system in Hainan Province. Three treatments were done： soil without microplastics （CK） and soil amended with 5% of polyethylene （PE） or with 5% of polybutylene adipate co-terephthalate （PBAT）. The results showed that both types of microplastic addition increased soil pH, soil organic carbon （SOC）, and dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents, with stronger treatment effects observed for PBAT than those for the PE treatment. In addition, the PE and PBAT treatments increased soil ammonium nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N） contents by 66.07% and 119.65% and decreased nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N） contents by 8.56% and 29.68%, respectively. Compared to those in the CK treatment, the addition of PBAT significantly increased soil N₂O emissions by 254.92% （<i>P</i> < 0.05）, whereas that of PE produced no significant effects. Furthermore, both the PE and PBAT treatments increased soil net nitrogen mineralization rate （NMR） and decreased soil net nitrification rate （NNR）, with more obvious treatment effects observed in PBAT than in the PE treatment. PBAT addition increased the abundance of <i>ureC</i>, while PE had no significant effects. Microplastic addition reduced the abundance of nitrifying gene abundances （AOA-<i>amoA</i>, AOB-<i>amoA</i>, and <i>nxrA</i>）, with more obvious treatment effects found in the PBAT treatment. Further, PBAT addition significantly increased the gene abundances of <i>nirK</i>, <i>nirS</i>, <i>nosZ</i>, and fungal <i>nirK</i> （<i>P</i> < 0.05）, whereas the addition of PE had no significant effect on those gene abundances. Soil N₂O emissions had positive relationships with NH₄⁺-N intensity, pH, DOC, SOC, and <i>nirS</i> abundance. In conclusion, biodegradable microplastics addition produced stronger influences on soil properties and N transformations than the non-biodegradable one in tropical arable soils and aggravated soil N₂O emissions mainly by promoting denitrification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Construction of Cross-basin Ecological Security Patterns Based on Carbon Sinks and Landscape Connectivity].","authors":"Meng-Wei Han, Shuai-Pu Zhang, Qin-Xue Xu, Jun-Feng Dai, Guang-Ling Huang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial water system creation and land use changes have great effects on ecosystems. The construction of cross-basin ecological security patterns based on carbon sinks and landscape connectivity plays a key role in regional ecological environment protection. The linkage area between the Xiang River and the Li River was selected as the research object. Based on the land use data from 2000 to 2020, this study examined the ecological security network of the Xiang-Li connected region using the InVEST model combined with morphological spatial pattern analysis （MSPA） and evaluated the temporal and spatial evolution of carbon storage and ecological security patterns. The results showed that： ① From 2000 to 2020, the land cover types of the Xiang-Li linkage area were mainly forest land and arable land. The changes of land use types were characterized by decreases in arable land, forest land, and grassland and by increases in watersheds and construction land. ② The carbon storage in the Xiang-Li linkage area was characterized by a blocky distribution, and the high and medium areas were dominant. The carbon stock increased slowly from 2000 to 2010 and decreased dramatically from 2010 to 2020, with a cumulative decrease of 18.32×10³ t due to the influence of land use changes. ③ The area of ecological sources （five in total） decreased firstly and then increased, whereas the length of ecological corridors （ten in total） increased firstly and then decreased in the Xiang-Li linkage area. Overall, in the process of urbanization, the distribution of the high ecological resistance value in the Xiang-Li linkage area gradually shifted to the northeast with an expansion, whereas the barycenter of the ecological safety pattern shifted to the southwest. Determining the dynamic distribution and stability of ecological sources by coupling carbon storage patches and landscape patterns can provide a new way to construct ecological security patterns in cross-basin ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial-temporal Change and Driving Force of Carbon Storage in Three-River-Source National Park Based on PLUS-InVEST-Geodector Model].","authors":"Tian-Chao Jia, Xi-Wu Hu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exploring the spatial-temporal changes, driving forces, and future development tendency of the carbon sequestration service function of the Three-River-Source National Park ecosystem has great significance for regional ecological protection and sustainable development. Historical land-use data of Three-River-Source National Park from 1990 to 2020 were selected at five-year intervals, and based on the PLUS-InVEST-Geodector model, the spatial-temporal changes of historical carbon storage were analyzed, and the driving forces of spatial-temporal variation were explored combined with multiple factors. The carbon storage of Three-River-Source National Park in 2030 was predicted under the scenarios of natural development and ecological protection. The results showed that： ① The carbon storage of Three-River-Source National Park showed a fluctuating characteristic of increase-decrease-increase-decrease from 1990 to 2020, the carbon storage was increased by 41.85×10⁶ t overall, and the grassland took the largest contribution. ② The spatial distribution characteristics of carbon storage in Three-River-Source National Park had little change between 1990 to 2020, and the evolution of the spatial distribution was relatively stable. The contribution ratio of the Yangtze River source park, Lancang River source park, and Yellow River source park was 7∶1∶2, which was roughly equivalent to the park area. ③ The major driving factors of the spatial-temporal variation of carbon storage in Three-River-Source National Park from 1990 to 2020 were： FVC, soil type, and annual precipitation. The interactive detection of each driving factor showed dual-factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement. ④ The carbon storage of Three-River-Source National Park was predicted to decrease by 4.87% and 3.98% from 2020 to 2030 under the scenarios of natural development and ecological protection, respectively, and the carbon storage reduction under the ecological protection scenario had a significant inhibitory effect. The findings can provide data support for national spatial planning of Three-River-Source National Park and the enhancement of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Greenhouse Gas Emissions Characteristics and Driving Factors Analysis in the Eutrophic Saline Lake Daihai Lake].","authors":"Zong-Fu Lu, Xiao-Hong Shi, Guo-Hua Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the greenhouse gas emission characteristics and driving factors of eutrophic saline lakes in northern China, considering Daihai Lake in Inner Mongolia as an example, 10 monitoring sites were selected based on hydrological distribution characteristics in April, July, and October 2023. Using headspace gas chromatography and modeling methods, dissolved concentrations and exchange fluxes of carbon dioxide （CO₂）, methane （CH₄）, and nitrous oxide （N₂O） were determined in the nearshore zone, open lake area, and lake center surface water. During the study period, Daihai Lake exhibited significant seasonal variations in greenhouse gas concentration and flux. The average concentrations of CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O in surface water were （26.52 ± 17.58） μmol·L^-1, （282.30 ± 172.30） nmol·L^-1, and （9.09 ± 1.64） nmol·L^-1, respectively. The average fluxes were （5.29 ± 11.98） mmol·（m²·d）^-1, （178.24 ± 63.34） μmol·（m²·d）^-1, and （-0.74 ± 1.28） μmol·（m²·d）^-1, with cumulative emissions of 50 770.77, 543.52, -4.21 kg·km^-2 and a global warming potential （expressed in CO₂-equivalent） of 50 770.77, 15 218.49, -1 254.48 kg·km^-2. Daihai Lake acted as a source of atmospheric CO₂ and CH₄ but a sink for N₂O during the study period. Correlation and stepwise regression analyses revealed that pH and total dissolved solids （TDS） influenced CO₂ concentration and flux, while the factors affecting CH₄ were water temperature （WT）, water depth （WD）, wind speed （WS）, oxidation-reduction potential （ORP）, and total nitrogen （TN）. For N₂O, the influencing factors were WT, WS, and TN. Additionally, Daihai Lake's eutrophication and salinity characteristics influenced the generation and emission of greenhouse gases. This study provides insights into the greenhouse gas dynamics and environmental factors in eutrophic saline lakes like Daihai Lake.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Predictive Model for O₃ in Shanghai Based on the KZ Filtering Technique and LSTM].","authors":"Ling-Xia Wu, Jun-Lin An, Dan Jin","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a Kolmogorov-Zurbenko （KZ） filter was proposed to decompose the original ozone （O₃） sequence to improve the accuracy of ozone long-term series prediction and select relevant meteorological features. Furthermore, the enhanced maximal minimal redundancy （mRMR） feature selection technique was combined with the support vector regression （SVR） approach to select the most illuminating meteorological features. Subsequently, from May to August 2023, during high ozone concentration periods, a long short-term memory network （LSTM） was utilized to assess and predict high ozone concentration periods at the monitoring stations of Jingan （urban area）, Pudong-Chuansha （suburban area）, and Dianshan Lake （suburban area） in Shanghai. The results showed that pressure, temperature, humidity, boundary layer height, and wind direction were the best combinations of O₃ baseline and short-term components, as chosen by feature screening. The <i>R</i>² values for Jingan Station, Pudong-Chuansha Station, and Dianshan Lake Station were 0.86, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively. The RMSE values were 18.26, 18.74, and 20.02 μg·m^-3, respectively. These findings suggest that decomposing the original O₃ sequence improved the prediction accuracy of ozone concentrations. Additionally, as indicated by the <i>R</i>² and RMSE values found for every monitoring station, feature screening preserved the model's predictive performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Path of Co-control of Pollution and Carbon Emissions Reduction in Typical Parks of Pharmaceutical and Health Industry in Beijing].","authors":"Xu Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The agglomeration of carbon emissions from the pharmaceutical and health industry has been growing gradually in Beijing. Conducting research on the path of co-control of pollution and carbon emission reduction in industrial parks is essential to realize synergy between economic development, pollution reduction, and green low-carbon. Based on the production activity data in 2020 of two typical parks of manufacturing and R&D, we selected six measures for co-control of pollution and carbon emission reduction and set up a synergistic development scenario to explore the collaborative development path of different types of parks. The results showed that： ① The primary carbon emission source in the two parks was energy consumption, such as natural gas and electricity, whereas the major pollution source was from key polluting enterprises. The emissions in the R&D park were significantly lower than those in manufacturing parks, with atmospheric pollutant emissions accounting for 25% of the manufacturing park's emissions. ② Energy structure and intensity, along with pollutant emission reduction measures, contributed 62.6% and 37.4% to pollution and carbon emission reduction for the R&D park and 81.6% and 13.5% for manufacturing park, respectively. ③ Adjusting the energy structure of the park and prioritizing the management of key polluting enterprises could achieve synergistic emission reduction, with the rate of emission reduction primarily reflecting atmospheric pollutants. Reducing energy intensity could also facilitate synergistic emission reduction, with a rapid rate of carbon emission reduction. Optimizing the industrial structure could lead to different degrees of pollution and carbon emissions increasing synergistically or not synergistically, owing to the particularity of the industrial structure of the park. ④ Applying measures to adjust the energy structure and reduce energy intensity and pollutant emissions into the collaborative path should be a priority. The governance scope of key polluting enterprises should be appropriately expanded in manufacturing parks. The synergistic effect of public environmental protection facilities of R&D parks should be focused on, in addition to reducing corporate pollutant emissions. Measures to optimize industrial structure at the park level should be adjusted to local conditions and scientifically guide industrial transformation and the settlement of high-tech enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Measures on N₂O Emissions in Wheat-maize Rotation System].","authors":"Lian-Feng Cai, Xue-Xia Wang, Jia-Chen Wang, Bing Cao, Dan Wei, Li-Na Liang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311180","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To investigate the response of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions from farmland soil to different nitrogen application measures and the factors affecting it in the wheat and jade rotation system in North China, we analyzed the results of the one-time application of fertilizer in the following six treatments： without fertilization （CK）, conventional nitrogen application （urea, one instance of follow-up fertilization, U1）, optimized nitrogen application （20% nitrogen reduction, one instance of follow-up fertilization, U2）, one-time fertilization of controlled-release doped fertilizers （50% urea + controlled-release urea 50%, nitrogen reduction 20%, SRU1）, controlled-release fertilizer one-time fertilization （nitrogen reduction 20%, SRU2）, and inhibitor-type controlled-release fertilizer one-time fertilization （nitrogen reduction 20%, ISRU）, and the differences in N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission fluxes and soil physicochemical properties were determined. The results showed that soil N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission fluxes were dynamic during the wheat and jade crop rotation, and the N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission peaks of the CK, U1, and U2 treatments appeared in the corn season at 4-7d of basal fertilizer and 6-10d of fertilizer, and out of the wheat season its emission peaks appeared in the basal fertilizer at 4-8 d and 6-9 d of fertilizer. The emission peaks of SRU1, SRU2, and ISRU appeared in the basal fertilizer at 10-21 d, 12-20 d, and 12-20 d of fertilizer, respectively, in the corn season and the wheat season. At 21 d and 12-20 d, the application of controlled-release fertilizer significantly reduced the peak and frequency of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission. Compared with those in U1, the N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission fluxes of the U2, SRU1, SRU2, and ISRU treatments were significantly reduced by 8.5%, 20.0%, 33.8%, and 43.6%, respectively, and the N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission fluxes were higher in the corn season than in the wheat season, which accounted for 58.1%-65.1% of the whole crop rotation cycle. Yield was reduced by 5.9% and 1.9% for the U2 and SRU1 treatments and increased by 1.7% and 7.0% for the SRU2 and ISRU treatments, respectively, compared to that in U1. In the maize season, the ISRU yield increased by 14.6%, the environmental benefit was $581, and the net economic benefit increased by up to 18.6% compared to that in U1, whereas the wheat season showed a decrease in yield and net economic benefit, which resulted in a one-time application of the inhibitor controlled-release fertilizers being more suitable for the maize season. Correlation analysis of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission fluxes with the physicochemical indices of soil properties revealed that N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O was correlated with moisture, ammonium N, nitrate N, and microbial carbon and nitrate N and nitrogen. N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and moisture, ammonium N, nitrate N, and microbial amount of carbon and nitrogen were significantly positively correlated. Thus, the one-time application of inhibitor-type controlled-release fertilizer","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pollution Characteristics, Risk Assessment, and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in Soil from a Typical Abandoned Antimony Smelting Factory].","authors":"Sen Zhang, Ying Cao, Cun-Fu Gao, Tian Meng, Qiang Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202310173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202310173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considering the surface soil （0-20 cm） from a typical abandoned antimony smelting factory area in Dachang Town, Qinglong County, Guizhou Province, as a case study, a total of 14 soil samples were systematically collected from both within and outside the smelting factory area. The analysis focused on the pollution status, distribution characteristics, and potential ecological risks of heavy metals such as Sb, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and V in the soil. Additionally, an evaluation and analysis of pollution sources were conducted. The results showed that the mean concentrations of heavy metals including <i>ω</i>（Sb）, <i>ω</i>（As）, <i>ω</i>（Cd）, <i>ω</i>（Cr）, <i>ω</i>（Pb）, <i>ω</i>（Cu）, <i>ω</i>（Zn）, <i>ω</i>（Ni）, and <i>ω</i>（V） in the surface soil of the abandoned antimony smelting factory ranged from 4.58 to 15 049.33 mg·kg^-1. With the exception of Cr and Ni, all values exceeded the background values of soils in Guizhou province. The single factor pollution indices of Sb and As were 83.61 and 7.01, respectively, indicating severe contamination. In contrast, Pb fell within the non-polluted to slightly polluted range. The comprehensive potential ecological risk of soil heavy metals was characterized by severe potential ecological risk levels for Sb, As, and Cd, while the remaining heavy metals fell within a range of moderate to substantial potential ecological risk levels. The assessment of the geoaccumulation index revealed that the soil in the study area was primarily contaminated by Sb and As, predominantly exhibiting contamination levels ranging from moderate to severe. The results from the RAC method suggested that Sb was the dominant focus for remediation in this abandoned smelting factory. The two primary pollutants, Sb and As, exhibited elevated levels in leachate toxicity, acid-soluble fraction, available fraction, gastric phase, and intestinal phase in terms of bioavailable content, indicating a certain potential hazard. Further, correlation analysis indicated a certain correlation between the total amount of heavy metals and leachate toxicity, available fraction, acid-soluble fraction, reducible fraction, oxidizable fraction, gastric phase extractable fraction, and intestinal phase extractable fraction. The APCS-MLR model indicated that the sources of Sb, As, Zn, Cu, and Cd were primarily industrial, while the sources of Cr and V were mainly natural, and Pb originated mainly from mixed sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Influencing Factors in Cultivated Land in Major Grain-producing Areas： A Case Study of Hebei Province].","authors":"En-Yi Xie, Dong-Heng Yao, Yu-Bo Liao, Wen-Guang Chen, Jing Zhao, Zhen-Ting Zhao, Wei-Quan Zhao, Ying Zhang, Xiang-Bin Kong","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202309140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202309140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing the spatial differentiation characteristics of soil organic carbon （SOC） in cultivated land in major grain-producing areas is important for regional cultivated land quality management and national food security. We investigated 519 soil profiles of cultivated land in Hebei Province （0-120 cm equally divided into six layers）, and obtained 2961 samples. We used geostatistical methods and spatial exploratory analysis to reveal the spatial distribution pattern of SOC in cultivated land in Hebei Province and the impacts of climate, topography, geomorphology, soil properties, and anthropogenic use on the spatial distribution of SOC in cultivated land soils. The results showed that： ① The SOC content of cultivated land in Hebei Province showed a decreasing trend with the increase in soil depth, with the highest mean value of <i>ω</i>（SOC） of 9.57 g·kg^-1 in A1 （0-20 cm） and the lowest mean value of 4.17 g·kg^-1 in A6 （100-120 cm）, and the coefficient of variation showed an increasing trend with the increase in soil depth. ② The SOC at different depths of cultivated land in Hebei Province had similar horizontal spatial distribution characteristics, and in general, showed a trend of being high in the northwest and low in the southeast. ③ Soil texture and topography were the main influencing factors for the spatial variation of SOC in cultivated land in Hebei Province, showing that the more clay-rich the soil texture, the greater the SOC content, and the higher the elevation, the greater the SOC content. Soil pH also influenced the SOC content of the profile. The SOC content of the surface layer is mainly affected by anthropogenic use, whereas the bottom layer is affected by the cumulative temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}