环境科学最新文献

{"title":"[Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors of Major Carbon Emission Enterprises in the Yellow River Basin].","authors":"Pei-Yu Jia, Xiao-Yu Ren, Jie Yang, Zong-Shan Li, Hai-Bin Liang, Rui-Dong Zhao, Lei Gong","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The major carbon emission enterprises in the Yellow River Basin have the dual attributes of promoting economic growth and generating carbon emissions, which are important carriers to achieve high-quality development of the regional economy and the goal of the \"dual-carbon\" target. Based on the spatial location and socio-economic development data of the major carbon emission enterprises in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020, the evolution of spatial distribution, characteristics of agglomeration patterns, and spatial evolution of agglomeration of the major carbon emission enterprises were studied by using various spatial analysis methods, such as the standard deviation ellipse, kernel density estimation, Ripley's <i>K</i> function, etc. This was combined with the panel data regression model, and the effects of the basic, convenient, and elemental conditions on the spatial distribution of the major carbon emission enterprises were also explored. The results showed that： ① From 2001 to 2020, the number of the major carbon emission enterprises in the Yellow River Basin continued to grow, and their spatial distribution tended to expand in a single direction. The major carbon emission enterprises were closely clustered around the trunk and tributaries of the Yellow River, and the degree of agglomeration was different under different observation distances. The spatial morphological characteristics were presented as the 'monocenter and multi-zone' or 'multicenter and multi-zone,' which were conducive to the implementation of differentiated regulation policies in regard to the 'dual-carbon' target. ② From the perspective of the three types of conditions affecting the location selection of major carbon emission enterprises in the Yellow River Basin, the basic conditions dominated their spatial distribution, and the convenient conditions were conducive to their development. In the future, the elemental conditions would become the key variables to guide the reasonable growth of major carbon emission enterprises in the whole basin. These results suggest that structural adjustment and innovation promotion should be continuously strengthened to achieve the carbon control and reduction targets in the Yellow River Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2069-2077"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Multiple Drivers of Fractional Vegetation Cover Evolution in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Based on the Optimal Parameters Geographical Detector].","authors":"Kai Shi, Feng Yan, Zong-Chao Wang, Peng-Fei Tian, Yue-Bing Liang, Ya-Heng Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A clear understanding of the driving mechanisms behind spatial and temporal vegetation dynamics is of great significance in guiding the protection and restoration of ecological environments. The spatial and temporal distribution pattern of fractional vegetation cover （FVC） and its multiple driving mechanisms in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei were investigated using long-term NDVI data from 2002 to 2020. A total of 25 specific variables were selected to represent the influencing factors of topography, climate, geotechnical type, and human activities. The selected variables were combined with the methods of metric dichotomies, trend analyses, biased correlation analyses, and optimal parameter geodetectors. The results indicated that： ① The FVC in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei over the past 20 years exhibited a general downward trend, with an average decline rate of approximately 0.002 4 per annum. The FVC levels in the northern and southern regions were relatively high, while those in the western and central regions were relatively low. Approximately 28.73% of the areas exhibited a significant decreasing trend （<i>P</i>&lt;0.01）, with the greatest decline observed in the southern, eastern, and central regions of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei. ② The main factors driving the evolution of FVC （<i>Q</i>&gt;0.15） were identified as natural factors, including evapotranspiration, cumulative precipitation, soil type, topography, and human activities, such as financial income, GDP per capita, nighttime light intensity, and population density. These factors were found to interact with each other. The enhancement effect on FVC was found to be nonlinear, with a bilinear enhancement effect observed when the combination of LST and ET was considered. This was followed by the combination of solar radiation and ET, which demonstrated the highest explanatory power （<i>Q</i>&gt;0.81）. The FVC was highest for the combination of LST and ET （<i>Q</i>&gt;0.83） and second highest for the combination of solar radiation and ET （<i>Q</i>&gt;0.81）. ③ Evapotranspiration ranged from 572 to 772 mm, cumulative precipitation ranged from 461 to 514 mm, and radiation ranged from 1 980 to 2 030 W·m^-2. When LST was between 5.5 and 12 ℃, average temperature was between -0.902 and 3.74 ℃, altitude was between 1 560 and 2 180 m, terrain type was large undulating middle mountain, soil type was leaching soil, and vegetation type was forest land, with FVC performing the best. The results of this study can assist the regional government in making accurate policy decisions regarding the protection and restoration of the vegetation ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2337-2351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Physiological and Ecological Response Characteristics and Transcriptomic Change Characteristics of Rice （<i>Oryza sativa</i>）Under Different Microplastic Stresses].","authors":"Sheng Lai, Lan-Lan Qiu, Hui-Lin Yang, Shu-Li Liu, Xiao-Ling Chen, Min-Fei Jian","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401125","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Traditional plastics are difficult to degrade in the environment after use and disposal, but they are prone to aging and forming microplastics （MPs）, which are emerging environmental contaminants, posing a serious threat to global ecological security and human health. To mitigate the ecological impact caused by traditional plastic products, the use of biodegradable plastics is gaining widespread attention. However, the ecological risks of biodegradable materials to the soil remain unclear. Furthermore, biodegradable plastics are highly susceptible to aging behaviors such as pyrolysis, weathering, and exposure to light in the environment and turn into smaller MPs. To reduce the pollution problems caused by the disposal of traditional plastics, biodegradable plastics have been continuously developed and are increasingly utilized, garnering considerable attention. However, degradable plastics are susceptible to degradation through aging in the environment after use, yet there has been limited reporting on the impact of degradable plastics on ecosystems post-aging and degradation. Additionally, the risks to the ecosystem after the aging of degradable plastics are not very clear. To further elucidate the ecological effects of different MPs on plants, rice （&lt;i&gt;Oryz sativa&lt;/i&gt;） was taken as the research subject in this study. Fresh degradable polylactic acid MPs （PLA-MPs, PLA）, aged-degradable polylactic acid MPs （aged-PLA-MPs, APLA）, and traditional polyethylene MPs were also selected to study the physiological and ecological response characteristics and transcriptomic change characteristics of rice under different MP stresses. The results indicated that rice exhibited varying ecological responses to different MP stresses, and PLA and APLA induced more severe oxidative stress in rice compared to PE-MPs. Compared with that of the CK group, the rice SOD contents of the PE treatment groups and aged PLA-MPs treatment groups were significantly increased by 17.41% and 36.48%, respectively. The rice POD contents of the PE and PLA groups were significantly increased by 21.91% and 48.65%, respectively. The CAT levels in the PLA and APLA groups were significantly increased by 29.34% and 24.91%, respectively. The MDA contents in the PLA and APLA groups were significantly increased by 70.52% and 135.94%, respectively. Under the stress of different MP exposure, significant changes were observed in chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in rice. The chlorophyll contents in the rice were significantly reduced by 21.28% and 12.77% in the PLA group and aged PLA-MPs, respectively. The maximum optical quantum yield （&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;v&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;） was significantly reduced by 13.95% and 44.19%, respectively. Non-photochemical fluorescence quenching （NPQ_Lss） significantly increased by 222.64% and 143.40%, respectively. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that exposure to MPs led to enrichment of tetrapyrrole binding, heme binding, oxido","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2590-2599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Ecological Environment Quality in the Taihang Mountain Area].","authors":"Yong-Hao Xu, Ting-Bin Zhang, Gui-Hua Yi, Xiao-Juan Bie, Jing-Ji Li, Wei-Yang Dang, Lan-Xing Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mastery of the spatio-temporal variations in the ecological environment quality of the Taihang Mountain area and its influencing factors are of significant importance for the coordinated development of ecological environment protection and socio-economic development in the Taihang Mountain Region. Based on the Google Earth Engine （GEE） and remote sensing ecological index （RSEI）, the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of ecological environment quality in the Taihang Mountain area from 2001 to 2021 were studied, and a structural equation model was used to quantify the direct and indirect impacts of the natural environment and anthropogenic activities on ecological environment quality in this area. The results indicated that the ecological environment quality in the study area was mainly at moderate and good levels, showing a spatial distribution pattern of high quality in the south and low in north. From 2001 to 2021, the changes in ecological environment quality in the Taihang Mountain area primarily involved improvements, with an improvement area of 6.5×10⁴ km², accounting for 47.82% of the total study area. The Hurst index exhibited a mean value of 0.44, and the proportion of areas with values less than 0.5 was 75.81%, indicating anti-persistence, where the future trend was opposite to that from 2001 to 2021. Precipitation had the most significant direct impact on the ecological environment quality of the Taihang Mountain area, followed by anthropogenic activity factors, while elevation indirectly affected the ecological environment quality by influencing temperature, slope, anthropogenic activities, and vegetation types.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2428-2438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Silicon-zinc Interaction on Growth and Physiological Parameters of Maize Under Cadmium Stress].","authors":"Chang Wei, Yao-Wu Ma, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Qi-Yu Zhang, Tian-Ci Wu, Qiu-Juan Jiao, Feng-Min Shen, Fang Liu, Ying Zhao, Ying Jiang, Hai-Tao Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effects of exogenous Si and Zn on the root architecture and physiological effects of maize under Cd stress, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 1 mmol·L^-1 Si and 100 μmol·L^-1 Zn on the growth, photosynthetic system, Cd concentration, absorption kinetics, malondialdehyde （MDA） content, and antioxidant of maize seedlings （Zhengdan 958） under 50 μmol·L^-1 Cd stress, which were evaluated using principal component analysis. The results showed that Cd stress significantly inhibited the growth of maize seedlings. The main root length, plant height, and biomass decreased significantly； root development and photosynthetic system were inhibited； and MDA and antioxidant content increased significantly. Under Cd stress, the application of exogenous Si and Zn could effectively reduce the maximum absorption rate of Cd in seedlings and reduce oxidative stress by improving the AsA-GSH cycle, decreasing MDA content, and enhancing photosynthesis, which effectively improved the growth status of maize seedlings. The main root length and plant height were increased by 9.19%-40.88% and 14.35%-18.92%, respectively. The dry weight of the root and shoot were increased by 51.76%-151.76% and 53.11%-84.31%, respectively, and the alleviation effect of Si-Zn interaction on Cd toxicity was slightly better than that of Si or Zn alone. Among them, Si played an important role in inhibiting Cd uptake by maize. The Cd concentration in the underground and aboveground parts was significantly reduced by 43.55% and 80.43%, respectively. The results showed that exogenous application of Si and Zn could alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stress by regulating the content of antioxidant, enhancing photosynthesis, promoting the growth of maize seedlings, and effectively improving the tolerance of maize seedlings to Cd toxicity, which was conducive to the rational utilization of heavy metal-contaminated farmland and food security production.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2557-2570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of Wood Vinegar on Cadmium Enrichment and Transport of Gramineous Crops in Cd-contaminated Farmland].","authors":"Jing Duo, Jia-Run Ye, Dong-Xia Yang, Yu-Hao Liu, Yi Li, Shi-Liang Liu, Xiao-Lei Jie, Fang Liu, Ying Zhao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the effect of wood vinegar on the enrichment and transport of heavy metal Cadmium （Cd） in gramineous crops （wheat, barley, and oat） in Cd-contaminated farmland, a field plot experiment was conducted involving nine treatments. The effects of wood vinegar on the growth of gramineous crops （wheat, barley, and oat） and the enrichment and transport of Cd in crops were studied by measuring the Cd content in plants and rhizosphere of the soil. The results showed that wood vinegar increased the biomass of crops （wheat, barley, and oats biomasses were 0-6.73%, 14.45%-15.91%, and 19.48%-21.97%, respectively, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05） and the Cd content of straw （those of wheat, barley, and oat were 12.32%-45.74%, 7.02%-42.11%, and 19.90%-25.00%, respectively, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05）. On applying wood vinegar diluted 400 times, the Cd content in roots of wheat and barley decreased by 7.77% and 29.26%, respectively, and that of oats increased by 28.74%. The translocation factor （TF） root-straw of wheat and barley increased by 58.30% and 100.87%, whereas the TF straw-grain decreased significantly by 30.40% and 32.20%, respectively. The TF root-straw of oat decreased by 3.14%, whereas the TF straw-grain decreased by 21.02%. The difference in Cd content before and after planting of barley and oats was significantly higher than that of wheat at the harvest stage. Among them, the Cd content of barley D-T1 and oat E-T2 decreased by 18.53% and 19.59% compared with that before planting. Based on the comprehensive analysis of Cd accumulation, transport coefficient, and Cd content in different parts of wheat, barley, and oat, the risk coefficient of Cd content in barley grain was the lowest, which was suitable for planting in moderate and mild Cd-contaminated farmland and could be remediated during production by leaving the straw in the field to realize the safe cultivation of moderately and mildly Cd-contaminated farmland.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2571-2579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Long-term Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on N₂O Emissions from Black Soils].","authors":"Hao Wang, Rong-Gui Hu, Shan Lin, Hong-Jun Gao, Ming-Gang Xu, Wen-Ju Zhang, Lei Wu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401053","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As an important grain production area in China, the Northeast Black Soil Region has experienced many problems, such as soil degradation, fertility decline, and grain yield reduction, in recent years. Optimizing fertilizer management is an important measure to maintain and enhance soil fertility. However, improper fertilizer application could aggravate nutrient losses and greenhouse gas N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions, thus leading to soil degradation and environmental pollution. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the response of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission from black soil to long-term application of organic and chemical fertilizers and the key controlling factors. Soil samples （0-20 cm） were collected from a total of nine treatments, including organic fertilizer as the primary treatment （M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;- no organic fertilizer； M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;- low organic fertilizer； M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;- high organic fertilizer） and chemical fertilizer as the secondary treatment （CK- no fertilizer； N- chemical nitrogen fertilizer； NPK- chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer）, in a long-term experiment （32 years） on the black soil of Gongzhuling, Jilin Province. The soil samples were incubated at 25℃ with 65% field water holding capacity for 21 days, and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission and soil physico-chemical biological properties were determined. The results showed that long-term application of organic and chemical fertilizers notably increased N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions from black soil. Compared to those from the M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;CK treatment [（0.25±0.01） mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, in terms of N, the same as below], the cumulative N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions from the only organic fertilizer treatment significantly increased by 361%-456% [（1.17±0.02） mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and （1.41±0.02） mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for the M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;CK and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CK treatments, respectively]. Furthermore, the N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions strongly increased with increasing organic fertilizer application amounts. Cumulative N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions were significantly higher in the chemical fertilizer treatments by 96%-236% [（0.49±0.01） mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and （0.84±0.03） mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for the M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;N and M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;NPK treatments, respectively] compared to those in the M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;CK treatments. Moreover, the increased N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emissions due to fertilizers application were significantly larger in the M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;NPK relative to M&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;N treatments. The positive effects of chemical fertilizer application on N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission decreased under organic fertilizer amendments （M&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and M&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;）, indicating that organic fertilizer application alleviated increased N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O emission because of chemical fertilization. The application of organic fertilizers significantly increased bulk soil, aggregate organic carbon （SOC）, total nitrogen （TN）, and soil microbial carbon and nitrogen contents. The application of organic combined with chemical ferti","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2621-2628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Occurrence Characteristics and Annual Epidemic Pattern of Typical Diarrhea Viruses in Municipal Wastewater in Tianjin, China].","authors":"Liang Peng, Feng-Xia Yang, Da-Qing Mao, Yi Luo","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the characteristics and annual epidemic patterns of diarrheal viruses in municipal wastewater, this study conducted a comprehensive year-long investigation utilizing two sizeable municipal wastewater treatment plants in Tianjin. This study applied the electronegatively charged membranes and polyethylene glycol sodium chloride （PEG-NaCl） methods to concentrate viral particles efficiently. A real-time quantitative PCR method was employed to detect common diarrheal viruses within wastewater, specifically targeting Norovirus GI, GII, Rotavirus （RoV）, Astrovirus （HAstV）, Sapovirus （SaV）, Enterovirus （EnV）, Hepatitis A virus （HAV）, and Adenovirus （HAdV）. The goal of the study was to ascertain the annual prevalence of viral gastroenteritis within Tianjin's wastewater in China. The findings unveiled the seven targeted viruses across both A and B municipal wastewater treatment plants, with Norovirus GII and Sapovirus emerging as prevailing strains. Notably, no statistically significant disparity in virus detection between the two WWTPs was observed （<i>P</i>&gt;0.05, Mann-Whitney U test）, implying a uniform distribution within the studied regions. Furthermore, discernible seasonal fluctuations in the presence of diarrheal viruses within municipal wastewater treatment plants were identified, with Astrovirus exhibiting heightened detection rates in autumn, while Enterovirus prevalence peaked during the winter months. Conversely, Norovirus GII, Sapovirus, and Adenovirus displayed consistent levels across seasons （<i>P&gt;</i>0.05）. The notable frequency of diarrheal virus' detection within Tianjin's wastewater network suggests a significant presence of asymptomatic carriers within the local population. Consequently, further investigation is warranted to comprehensively evaluate the potential outbreak risk and prevalence dynamic across different temporal intervals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2271-2280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hyperspectral Inversion of Soil Organic Matter Content in Mountainous Farmland Based on ResNet-MHAM Model].","authors":"Jian-Gao Wu, Hong Wang, Lei Zhang, Long-Shan Yang, Jun-Jie Peng, Ming-Chong Gong","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the lack of accuracy and generalization challenges in predicting soil organic matter （SOM） content in the karst mountainous agricultural soils of the Guizhou Province using hyperspectral remote sensing, a one-dimensional hyperspectral reflectance data model, termed ResNet-MHAM, was proposed. First, soil samples from 188 locations across 13 counties and districts in Guizhou were collected, and their spectral information was analyzed. Second, the ResNet structure was optimized in combination with MHAM across different layers （34, 50, 101, and 152 layers） to construct the model presented in this study. Finally, model validation was conducted using 30% of the dataset and 10-fold cross-validation. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimized version of the model combining 50-layer ResNet structure with MHAM achieved a coefficient of determination （<i>R</i>²） of 0.917 2 and a root mean square error （RMSE） of 7.454 9 g·kg^-1, showcasing superior accuracy and generalization capabilities compared to commonly used models such as BPNN, SVM, PLSR, GPR, and RF. These findings provide a novel and effective approach for hyperspectral prediction of SOM content in the mountainous regions of Guizhou.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2313-2324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Spatial-temporal Variation and Meteorological Driving Factors of Ozone in the Taiyuan Basin from 2020 to 2023].","authors":"Wei Guo, Shi-Ming Yan, Yuan Gao, Lin-Yun Zhu, Jiang Yue, Xiao-Lan Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To study the spatio-temporal variations and influencing factors of ozone （O₃） in the Taiyuan Basin, the main spatial distribution modes, temporal variations, and meteorological drivers of O₃ concentration were analyzed based on the day-by-day maximum O₃-8h concentration data of 11 counties in the Taiyuan Basin from 2020 to 2023 and the meteorological data for the same period using the rotated empirical orthogonal function （REOF） decomposition. The effects of valley wind circulation and regional transport on O₃ concentration in the Taiyuan Basin were further analyzed. The results indicated that the daily maximum O₃-8h 90th percentile concentration in the Taiyuan Basin exhibited fluctuating characteristics, with higher concentrations in 2021 and 2023. The variance interpretation rate of the top three modes of REOF for the concentration of O₃ in the Taiyuan Basin was 75.9%. The spatial distribution characteristics of the first mode of O₃ were \"high in the north and low in the south,\" those of the second mode were \"high in the south and low in the north,\" and those of the third mode were \"low in the north and south and high in the middle.\" The high values of the time coefficients of the first two modes were mostly distributed from the middle of June to end of July. The interannual difference in the time when the high values of the time coefficients of the third mode appeared was large. According to the spatial distribution mode of O₃, the Taiyuan Basin could be divided into three parts： the northern （Taiyuan and Yuci）, southern （Fenyang, Xiaoyi, and Jiexiu）, and central regions. Temperature and wind speed had less influence on the spatial distribution of O₃ in the Taiyuan Basin, and localized transport differences caused by different wind directions were the main meteorological drivers for the formation of different spatial distribution modes of O₃. The proportion of valley wind in the Taiyuan Basin was 34.5%. During the period of valley wind control, O₃ in the basin showed a slightly lower distribution pattern in the north, south, high, and middle parts, and the average concentration was approximately 20 μg·m^-3 higher than that during non-valley wind periods. The impact of different transport trajectories on O₃ in the Taiyuan Basin varied, and pollutant transport from the southeast, south, and west could lead to an increase in O₃ pollution levels in the Taiyuan Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 4","pages":"2125-2134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}