{"title":"Superplastic nano/microforming of bulk metallic glasses and the application to micromachines","authors":"Y. Saotome","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249878","url":null,"abstract":"Bulk metallic glasses as second-generation amorphous alloys exhibit Newtonian viscous flow under very low stresses in the supercooled liquid temperature range and furthermore, the materials exhibit superior micro/nano formability and good geometrical transferability of die. These alloys are therefore expected to become some of the most useful materials for fabricating nano-/micro-machines (MEMS) and devices. The present paper demonstrates the macroscopic and microscopic deformation behavior of La-, Zr-, Pd- and Pt-based bulk metallic glasses, as well as micromachine production methods for the materials. Nano/microforming techniques are shown as follows: microextrusion with microdies made of laser-micromachined polyimide and of Ni by UV-LIGA (lithography and electroforming) process, submicron imprinting with silicon die fabricated by EB lithography and etching, microforging of microgear of 10 /spl mu/m in module with Ni-microdie fabricated by UV-LIGA process, microforging of micro cantilever with laser-micromachined polyimide die. As a result, bulk metallic glasses are highly useful for realizing high-performance micro-actuators and microstructures due to their excellent characteristics as functional or structural materials, including isotropic homogeneity free from crystalline anisotropy on micrometer and nanometer scales.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115009787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel type of micropump using SMA actuator for microflow application","authors":"Shuxiang Guo, Jun Oohira, T. Fukuda","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249908","url":null,"abstract":"In the medical field and in biotechnology, a new type of micropump that can supply micro liquid flow has urgently been demanded. It is our purpose to develop a type of micropump that has the characteristics of flexibility, driven by a low voltage, good response and safety in body. In this paper, we propose a new prototype model of a micropump using SMA (shape memory alloy) coil actuator as the servo actuator. This paper describes the new structure and the motion mechanism of a micropump using SMA actuator and discusses the possibility of the micropump. This micropump consists of two diffusers (inlet) as one-way valve, a pump chamber made of elastic tube, and a casing. The overall size of this micropump prototype is 16 mm in diameter and 74 mm in length. Characteristics of the micropump are measured. The experimental results indicate that the micropump has the satisfactory responses, and the proposed micropump is able to make a microflow and is suitable for the use in medical applications and in biotechnology.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127133914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A humanoid robotic hand performing the sign language motions","authors":"K. Hoshino, I. Kawabuchi","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249915","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, studies have been made in five for the purpose of realization of the robot hand that is capable of conveying feelings and sensitivities by finger movement. First, a small-sized and light-weight robot hand was developed to be used as the humanoid according to the concept of extracting required minimum motor functions and mounting them to the robot. Second, basic characteristics of movements were checked by experiments, simple feedforward control mechanism was designed based on speed control, and a system capable of tracking joint time-series change command with arbitrary shape was realized. Third, tracking performances with regard to sinusoidal input with different frequencies were studied for evaluation of the system thus realized, and space- and time-related accuracy were investigated. Fourth, finger character movements by signal language were generated as examples of information transmission by finger movements. A series of results thus obtained indicated that this robot hand is capable of transmitting information promptly with comparatively high accuracy through movements. Finally, the remote control was enabled through data glove with regressive model obtained by the singular value decomposition.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125130851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ran Liu, Xiaohao Wang, Zhaoying Zhou, J.D. Williams
{"title":"Microneedles array for fluid extraction and drug delivery","authors":"Ran Liu, Xiaohao Wang, Zhaoying Zhou, J.D. Williams","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249939","url":null,"abstract":"Micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) are rapidly growing area of interest for a broad spectrum of applications. One particularly fast-growing area is biomedical applications for micromachining technologies. One application of interest to the biomedical industry is the development of microneedles. MEMS technology brings new means for biomedical field. The design and fabrication of the microneedle array for fluid extraction or drug delivery are presented in this paper. The hollow SU-8 microneedle array is fabricated on a glass substrate, by UV-LIGA techniques. The fabricated hollow microneedles is 300 /spl mu/m in length and 80 /spl mu/m in diameter. The microneedle provide novel biomedical analyzing method with efficiency, safety and no pain to the human skin. The microneedle array, which may be built with no-board fluid pumps, have potential applications in the chemical and biomedical fields for localized chemical analysis, programmable drug-delivery systems, and very small, precise fluids sampling.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128223305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of the H infinity control and a zippering machine modeling for replication process of double stranded DNA","authors":"H. Hirohumi","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249919","url":null,"abstract":"Separation process of base pairs in a double stranded DNA by a DNA Helicase has been described by a discrete model firstly proposed by Zimmerman (1969). The instantaneous probability of k successive pairs of separated unbound base pairs on the template sites are obtained and their temporal changes were given by linear sequential differential equations. We applied the H infinity control for biological noise minimizing strategy during the replication period.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130599950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Baba, K. Makino, T. Kakinaga, O. Tabata, Y. Isono, J. Korvink
{"title":"Verification of etching rule in CAES","authors":"N. Baba, K. Makino, T. Kakinaga, O. Tabata, Y. Isono, J. Korvink","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249948","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a relation between a removal probability in CAES and a calculated silicon etching rate was clarified. In order to verify the relation precisely, the number of removal probabilities utilized in CAES were increased from four to nine and simulation of etching rates were carried out with changing the removal probabilities. From these simulation results, the effects of removal probabilities on etching rates were clarified. Based on the obtained relation, experimentally obtained etching rates on various crystallographic planes were fitted by the CAES simulation. Although the experimental data was possible to fit mostly by CAES simulation, the accuracy of simulation was limited.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114795288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Wakimoto, J. Nakajima, M. Takata, T. Kanda, K. Suzumori
{"title":"A micro snake-like robot for small pipe inspection","authors":"S. Wakimoto, J. Nakajima, M. Takata, T. Kanda, K. Suzumori","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249959","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this research is development of a micro robot which can negotiate pipes whose diameter varies widely. The robot mechanism is based on \"snaking drive\". First, in section 1 to 4, basic characteristics of the snaking drive are discussed: the principle of the snaking drive is shown, theoretical fundamental formulas are derived, and the motions of the robot are simulated. Second, in section 5, a micro robot was designed, fabricated and tested. And fundamental experiments of the robot are shown. Third, in section 6, two application experiments are shown: one is a stabilization of camera image, and the other is a robot steering at branches. The robot moved in pipes whose diameter varies between 18 mm to 100 mm with the maximum speed of 36 mm/s. And the robot could negotiate T-branches and L-bends of pipes.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115498234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and fabrication of a coupled microneedle array and insertion guide array for safe penetration through skin","authors":"S. Khumpuang, R. Maeda, S. Sugiyama","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249938","url":null,"abstract":"Ordinary flat hollow tip, microneedles have been designed and fabricated for biomedical MEMS applications. With the facilitation of an insertion guide, the needles can be pushed down through the viable-epidermis with less bending. The microneedle array has the ability of integration with microfluidic devices since the needles are hollow so that the liquid can flow through the holes. 100 microneedles are contained in a 5 /spl times/ 5 mm/sup 2/ array chip and the same size of another array chip contains 100 insertion guide holes. A standard silicon micromachining process was employed to fabricate both arrays. The shape of microneedle is as simple as a tube so that the designed theories and simulations can be more precise than the complicated shape. The result of testing shows that there was no microneedle broken during the penetration to the skin via the guiding holes. The finite-element analyses of stresses and deformed shapes have been carried out with the explanation of deformed shape and stress occurred in the needle structure.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124154477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of operation speed for the legged robot with wheels by intelligent motion control","authors":"A. Sugiura, T. Oomichi","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249964","url":null,"abstract":"Actuator miniaturizations for reducing robot weight have been mainly discussed as an improvement of operation speed of the robot. However, it only expects the performance improving of actuator, so it is difficult to point contribution of robotics technology such as intelligent control. We have been trying to design the actuator small, examining the motion pattern and detail torque and necessary power for the movement of the robot, and we aim at the miniaturization of the robot. Furthermore, we proposed the design method using maximum torque of motor instead of using allowable continuous torque. In case of the proposed technique, the motor torque is higher than allowable continuous torque, and the temperature of the motor rises more than the tolerance. Therefore, motor temperature-rise should be estimated if the operation is possible under the allowable temperature of the motor. It means the motor temperature-rise is needed to estimate before operation. Then, the estimation method of the temperature-rise was proposed when the robot was operated. The method was also applied for the 4-legged robot with 6 wheels. The task model of five terrain floors and mission model of integrated terrain floors simulated for a power plant were chosen for the movement object of the robot, and computer simulation was done for that. In addition, the experiment was done to verify the computer simulation using the experiment equipment of the temperature-rise. As a result, we showed the proposed the model of the motor temperature-rise. As a result, we showed the proposed the model of the motor temperature-rise was useful, and we could design using maximum motor torque. When the motor temperature-rise was assumed to be 40/spl deg/C for the mission model, the improvement of the robot operation speed was 4.4 times. When the motor temperature-rise was assumed to be 20/spl deg/C, the improvement of the robot operation speed was 1.6 times.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hasebe, J. Ogawa, T. Toriyama, S. Sugiyama, H. Ueno, K. Itoigawa
{"title":"Design and fabrication of flexible thermopile for power generation","authors":"S. Hasebe, J. Ogawa, T. Toriyama, S. Sugiyama, H. Ueno, K. Itoigawa","doi":"10.1109/MHS.2003.1249950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MHS.2003.1249950","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a flexible thermoelectric power generator has been proposed. The proposed thermoelectric power generator is composed of a polyimide sheet, a Ni-Cu thermopile on a polyimide sheet, and heat sink and heat absorber sheets. The flexible thermoelectric power generator has 60mm-length, 45mm-width and 3mm-height. The flexible thermoelectric power generator may be possible to apply on a free form surface. As a result of characteristic evaluation, Seebeck voltage of 15.4/spl mu/V/K per thermocouple was obtained, and a prospect for practical application was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":358698,"journal":{"name":"MHS2003. Proceedings of 2003 International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (IEEE Cat. No.03TH8717)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128412319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}