遗传 Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-178

Xiao-Cheng Zhu, Yi-Wen Wang, Hong-Wen Zhou

{"title":"The mechanism and related research progress of GLP-1 receptor agonists in treating Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Xiao-Cheng Zhu, Yi-Wen Wang, Hong-Wen Zhou","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-178","url":null,"abstract":"GLP-1 receptor agonists are primarily used clinically for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and have the potential for weight loss, while they are currently expanding their horizons in the treatment of hypertension, non-alcoholic liver disease, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a large number of animal models and a handful of clinical studies have demonstrated the potential efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists, making it highly probable that they will become a new entrant in the drug list for Alzheimer's disease. At present, the research on the mechanism of GLP-1 receptor agonist in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease is mainly based on in-depth analysis of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and exploration of the mechanism of its comorbidity with diabetes. This article mainly reviews the latest advances in the mechanism of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, introduces the latest achievements in animal studies and clinical studies, and aims to provide reference for the subsequent relevant basic research and clinical application.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 12","pages":"1017-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II large subunit: simple repeats are not simple. RNA聚合酶ⅱ大亚基羧基末端结构域：简单重复序列并不简单。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-200

Qi Li, Zhi-Cheng Dong, Min Liu

引用次数: 0

Progress on molecular mechanisms of bacterial transcription termination. 细菌转录终止的分子机制研究进展。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-244

Lin-Lin You, Yu Zhang

引用次数: 0

Research progresses on non-coding DNA regulatory elements in the evolution of animal adaptive traits. 非编码DNA调控元件在动物适应性状进化中的研究进展。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-272

Xiu-Hong Wu, Ya-Jun Wang, Li-Feng Che, Xiao-Ping Wang

引用次数: 0

Design and practice of educational experiments on genetic epistasis. 遗传表观性教育实验的设计与实践。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-248

Yi Shi, Yao Yu, Yi-Lin Lü, Hong Lü

{"title":"Design and practice of educational experiments on genetic epistasis.","authors":"Yi Shi, Yao Yu, Yi-Lin Lü, Hong Lü","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-248","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-248","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic epistasis is a fundamental concept in genetics that describes how interactions between genes determine phenotypic traits. To enhance students' understanding and practical application of genetic epistasis, this experiment is designed and conducted using gene mutations in the adenine biosynthesis pathway of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast). S. cerevisiae is a classic model organism for genetic teaching experiments. In its adenine biosynthesis pathway, a mutation in the ADE2 gene leads to the accumulation of the intermediate 5'-phosphoribosylaminoimidazole (AIR), causing the cells to appear red. However, if a gene upstream of ADE2 in the adenine biosynthesis pathway (such as ADE8) is defective, the red phenotype of yeast will disappear. Conversely, a defect in a gene downstream of ADE2 (such as ADE1) does not alter the red phenotype. Therefore, ADE8 is epistatic to ADE2. In this experiment, the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology is employed, allowing students to perform single knockout of ade2Δ, as well as double knockouts of ade2Δade8Δ and ade2Δade1Δ in S. cerevisiae. By observing the phenotypic changes in yeast mutants from white to red and back to white, students gain a profound understanding of the basic genetic theory of how genes determine phenotypes and the concept of epistasis in gene interactions. This experiment also enables students to master fundamental yeast genetic techniques, significantly enhancing their ability to design and conduct experiments in real research environments. This is of great significance for their future research work and academic development.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"958-970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and functional characterization of CD209 homologous genes in zebrafish. 斑马鱼 CD209 同源基因的鉴定和功能表征

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-181

Xiao-Jun Yang, Zhen-Han Huang, Wei Liu, Wen-Qing Zhang, Zhi-Bin Huang

{"title":"Identification and functional characterization of CD209 homologous genes in zebrafish.","authors":"Xiao-Jun Yang, Zhen-Han Huang, Wei Liu, Wen-Qing Zhang, Zhi-Bin Huang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-181","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-181","url":null,"abstract":"Innate immune responses play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, their initiation closely related to pattern recognition receptors or damage-associated molecules on the surface of innate immune cells. CD209, a pattern recognition receptor on the surface of macrophages or dendritic cells, plays an important role in immune functions. However, the impact of CD209 on innate immune cells such as macrophages or neutrophils in vivo remains unclear. In this study, through multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree construction, three genes homologous to human CD209 were found in zebrafish. These are cd209(Ensembl ID:ENSDARG00000029461), zgc:174904(Ensembl ID:ENSDARG00000059049) and si:dkey-187I7.2(Ensembl ID: ENSDARG00000096624).Compared to the cd209 and si:dkey-187i8.2 genes in the Ensembl database, zgc:174904 is more similar to human CD209 in sequence. Using whole-mount in situ hybridization and fluorescence co-localization experiments, it was found that zgc:174904 is mainly expressed in macrophages. Further morpholino knockdown experiments showed that knocking down zgc:174904 leads to an upregulation of M1-type macrophage-related genes and a decrease in the number of mature neutrophils, indicating that zgc:174904 is functionally more similar to CD209. These findings not only reveal the potential role of CD209 in regulating macrophage function and neutrophil development but also provide significant insights for research into the mechanisms of innate immunity.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"947-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progress on the mining of functional genes of Lonicera japonica. 忍冬功能基因的挖掘进展。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-190

Nan Sun, Lu-Yao Huang, Sheng Yang, Jia Li, Cong-Zhe Hou, Zhen-Hua Liu

{"title":"Progress on the mining of functional genes of Lonicera japonica.","authors":"Nan Sun, Lu-Yao Huang, Sheng Yang, Jia Li, Cong-Zhe Hou, Zhen-Hua Liu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-190","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-190","url":null,"abstract":"Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a semi-evergreen climbing shrub belonging to the Caprifoliaceae family, whose dried flower buds or flowers on the verge of blooming are known as Jin Yin Hua in traditional Chinese medicine. This plant is not only a high-value and widely used medicinal material but also possesses characteristics that make it suitable for both medicinal and culinary purposes. Currently, there is a robust market demand for Jin Yin Hua, yet the breeding technology for new varieties of Lonicera japonica lags behind, necessitating the integration of modern breeding techniques. With the advancement of genomics in Lonicera japonica, an increasing number of functional genes have been identified, amassing a rich reservoir of genetic resources for molecular breeding of this species. In this review, we summarize the progress in Lonicera japonica genomics, functional gene mining, and the establishment of genetic transformation systems. In light of the existing challenges and deficiencies in the research of functional genes and quality breeding of Lonicera japonica, it is imperative to establish a germplasm resource bank, a mutant library, and an efficient genetic transformation system for this plant. Intensive research into the mining and identification of functional genes should be conducted, and molecular markers closely linked to the functional genes of Lonicera japonica should be developed. This will lay a foundational basis for the identification and cultivation of breakthrough varieties with superior qualities in Lonicera japonica.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"920-936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-localization signals enhance mitochondrial targeted presentation of engineered proteins. 双定位信号增强了线粒体对工程蛋白质的定向呈现。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-171

Bing-Qian Zhou, Shang-Pu Li, Xu Wang, Xiang-Yu Meng, Jing-Rong Deng, Jin-Liang Xing, Jian-Gang Wang, Kun Xu

{"title":"Dual-localization signals enhance mitochondrial targeted presentation of engineered proteins.","authors":"Bing-Qian Zhou, Shang-Pu Li, Xu Wang, Xiang-Yu Meng, Jing-Rong Deng, Jin-Liang Xing, Jian-Gang Wang, Kun Xu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-171","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-171","url":null,"abstract":"Effective delivery of engineered proteins into mitochondria is of great significance for developing efficient mitochondrial DNA editing tools and realizing accurate treatment of mitochondrial diseases. Here, the candidate genes, eGFP and Cas9, were engineered with different mitochondrial localization signal (MLS) sequences introduced at their up- or/and down-streams. The corresponding expression vectors for the engineered proteins were constructed respectively, and HEK293T cells were transfected with these vectors. The fluorescence colocalization and Western blotting assays were used to analyze the mitochondrial targeting presentation effect of different engineered proteins. The results demonstrated that the daul-MLS modification of the eGFP and Cas9 proteins significantly improved the efficiency of mitochondrial targeted presentation, compared with the engineered proteins with single MLS added. Hence, it is speculated that dual MLS strategy can enhance the mitochondrial targeting of engineered proteins, which lays a theoretical foundation for the future development of efficient mitochondrial DNA editing tools.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"937-946"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug resistance mechanism of anti-angiogenesis therapy in tumor. 肿瘤抗血管生成治疗的耐药机制。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-110

Xu Yan, Ying Guo, Dong-Lin Sun, Nan Wu, Yan Jin

{"title":"Drug resistance mechanism of anti-angiogenesis therapy in tumor.","authors":"Xu Yan, Ying Guo, Dong-Lin Sun, Nan Wu, Yan Jin","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-110","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-110","url":null,"abstract":"Angiogenesis refers to the process of forming a new network of blood vessels from existing ones through the migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells. This process is crucial for the growth and spread of solid tumors, particularly once the tumor volume exceeds 2 mm3, as the newly formed vascular network provides essential oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors to the tumor. Anti-angiogenesis therapy has become one of the commonly used targeted treatments for cancer in clinical practice. Bevacizumab, the first anti-angiogenesis drug, has been widely applied in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, due to acquired resistance, its efficacy is typically sustained for only 1 to 2 years. Despite the relative genomic stability of endothelial cells, which makes resistance less likely, various types of resistance phenomena have been observed in clinical practice, indicating that resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy remains a challenging research area. This review focuses on the latest advances in the mechanisms of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy in tumors and explores new prospects for anti-tumor angiogenesis treatment, in order to provide strong theoretical support and guidance for clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"911-919"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Processing pipelines and analytical methods for single-cell DNA methylation sequencing data. 单细胞 DNA 甲基化测序数据的处理管道和分析方法。

遗传 Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.16288/j.yczz.24-154

Yan-Ni Wang, Jia Li

引用次数: 0

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