Journal of Dairy Science最新文献

{"title":"Early postpartum estrous characteristics: Unveiling their predictive potential for fertility in dairy cows.","authors":"Ricardo C Chebel, Ahmadreza Mirzaei, Haipeng Yu, Glaucio Lopes, Rafael S Bisinotto","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-27175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-27175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the associations among early postpartum estrous characteristics (EPEC) and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows fitted with automated monitoring devices (AMD). We hypothesized that EPEC within 41 DIM reflects cows' physiological resilience and serve as predictors of subsequent fertility. Furthermore, we trained and tested algorithms predicting the fertility potential of cows and compared the reproductive performance of cows classified as low, moderate, and high fertility. The study was conducted using data from 4,578 Holstein cows across 3 commercial dairy herds. Data regarding calving characteristics, postpartum health, milk yield, EPEC (estrus events, duration, rumination nadir, activity peak, and heat index), and the environment were collected. Reproductive outcomes of interest included pregnancy 77 ± 14 d after the first service, fertility class (high-fertility [HFERT] = pregnant to first service; low-fertility [LFERT] = nonpregnant after the first 3 services), and hazard of pregnancy up to 250 DIM. Using a training dataset, we developed an algorithm that was applied to the training and testing datasets to classify cows into bottom, moderate, and top fertility; the reproductive performance of these cows was then compared. Statistical analyses included logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard regression. Overall, 38% of cows were pregnant 77 ± 14 d after first service, with a cumulative pregnancy of 67% by the third service. Cows with at least 1 estrus event within 41 DIM had greater odds of pregnancy to the first service (0 = referent, 1 = 1.20 [95% CI = 1.01-1.44], ≥2 = 1.16 [95% CI = 0.89-1.52]) and of a cow being HFERT (0 = referent, 1 = 1.26 [95% CI = 1.00-1.59], ≥2 = 1.09 [95% CI = 0.78-1.54]). However, more than 1 estrus event did not further improve fertility outcomes. The positive association between estrus within 41 DIM and hazard of pregnancy was reflected in shorter days open (0 = 115.0 d, 1 = 94.0 d, ≥2 = 89.0 d). Lower rumination nadir was associated with increased odds of pregnancy to the first service and of a cow being HFERT. Similarly, cows in the lowest tertile of rumination nadir had the greatest hazard of pregnancy by 250 DIM. Cows in the testing dataset classified as bottom and top 25% percentiles of fertility had a 23-d difference in median days open (127 d vs. 104 d) and a 5.3-percentage point difference in censoring by 250 DIM (28.6% vs. 23.3%). This study demonstrates that EPEC are valuable indicators of reproductive potential in dairy cows. Integrating health, genetic, and environmental data with EPEC improves the prediction of fertility outcomes, providing opportunities to optimize reproductive management and efficiency in dairy herds. Finally, the results of our algorithms demonstrate the potential of EPEC to predict long-term reproductive performance of lactating Holstein cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals developmental dynamics and cellular heterogeneity in the mammary gland of young fillies and adult Mongolian mares.","authors":"Halima Jafari, Zhaofei Wang, Cong Li, Ge Yang, Qiwen Yang, Jiale Han, Qiaoyan Hu, Chuzhao Lei, Ruihua Dang","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-26480","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mongolian horses are famous for their lactation traits. Their milk contains a high protein content and low levels of fatty acids. Given their superior milk composition and historical use in dairy production across Inner Mongolia and Central Asia, Mongolian horses serve as a valuable model for understanding lactational biology. Multiple factors regulate the lactation process; however, a detailed study of this biological process has not been performed with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) technology. Insights gained from snRNA-seq of their mammary glands can inform molecular strategies to enhance milk production both in Mongolian horses and in other less productive equine breeds. These findings may aid in selective breeding, nutritional interventions, and health management practices aimed at improving lactational efficiency, as snRNA-seq of frozen mammary gland tissue samples from young fillies and adult Mongolian mares provides high-resolution insights into the transcriptional dynamics and cellular heterogeneity associated with mammary gland development. In this study, we employed snRNA-seq and histological analyses to map the cellular landscape of the mammary gland in Mongolian mares across 4 physiological stages: 6-mo-old weanlings (6M), 2-yr-old-yearlings (2Y), 4-yr-old-lactating adults (L), and 4-yr-old nonlactating adults (NL). Frozen parenchymal mammary gland tissues were surgically collected and processed for snRNA-seq via iodixanol gradient-based nuclei isolation, enabling high-resolution transcriptomic profiling, and complementary tissues were processed for histology. This study employed integrated analysis to reveal stage-specific shifts in epithelial, stromal, and immune cell populations, to highlight dynamic changes in mammary gland development and function. A total of 28,287 nuclei were profiled via transcriptome sequencing and categorized into 8 major cell types: basal myoepithelial, luminal secretory, luminal hormone-sensing, endothelial, fibroblasts, macrophages, T cells, and B cells. The L-group samples (11,136) exhibited the greatest nuclei diversity and expansion, particularly in the luminal compartments, compared with the other stages, 6M (3,067 nuclei), 2Y (5,654 nuclei), and adult NL (8,430 nuclei), which shows the structure and maturation of the mammary gland. Hematoxylin and eosin staining confirmed structural remodeling during lactation, including increased epithelial thickness and ductal complexity. Pseudotime analysis revealed a dynamic transition from basal progenitors to differentiated luminal cells, identifying 3 major epithelial branches. Expression analysis of key genes and functional enrichment (Gene Ontology [GO] and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes [KEGG]) was performed using the entire data set across all physiological stages to capture shared transcriptional programs. To further investigate stage-specific responses, pathway enrichment and intercellular signaling analyses were conducted sep","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qula-derived Limosilactobacillus fermentum TD-3 and Lactococcus lactis MQ1-1 alleviate aging-related intestinal barrier dysfunction via microbiota-short-chain fatty acid-AMPK/MLCK-tight junction axis.","authors":"Xiaolin Liu, Kaifang Guan, Chunhong Liu, Yue Sun, Ying Ma, Kaidong Mao, Qiming Li, Rongchun Wang, Weihong Lu","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-26740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aging process is associated with detrimental effects on the integrity of the intestinal barrier, consequently elevating susceptibility to various diseases. Qula exhibits outstanding nutritional composition and has a characteristic taste profile, positioning it as a prime candidate for probiotic exploration given its rich reservoir of probiotic potential. In the present study, a probiotics screening strategy was developed based on the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) to reverse aging-related intestinal barrier dysfunction. After screening, Limosilactobacillus fermentum TD-3 and Lactococcus lactis MQ1-1 isolated from traditional dairy product Qula were selected based on their acid and bile salt resistance, adhesion, and antibacterial properties. In the aging mice, the combination of probiotic mixture (PM) of Lb. fermentum TD-3 and Lc. lactis MQ1-1 enhanced intestinal barrier integrity by activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, which suppressed myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) activity to increase the expression of tight junctions. Meanwhile, PM decreased colon oxidative stress (SOD, GSH-Px, and malondialdehyde) and inflammation (IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-10), and restored the composition of the intestinal microbiota composition. Specifically, PM enriched the relative abundance of SCFAs producing bacteria, including g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae and g__Limosilactobacillus, g__Bifidobacterium, and g__Allobaculum, thereby increasing the acetic acid and butyric acid production. Thus, the combination of Lb. fermentum TD-3 and Lc. lactis MQ1-1 activated the AMPK signaling pathway by regulating the gut microbiota and metabolites. This study innovatively established a precision screening system for probiotics targeting SCFA, and isolated and identified a PM from traditional fermented dairy products (Qula) to relieve aging-associated intestinal barrier dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of kiwifruit addition on the physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of fermented goat milk by different strains.","authors":"Zhezhe Yu, Meiqin Wang, Jinqi Rong, Jingyi Ma, Beisenbayeva Kamila, Jiaqi Guo, Mohamedelfatieh Ismael, Xin Lü","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-26897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermented goat milk with kiwifruit (FGMK) and without kiwifruit (FGML) were prepared using 8 isolated lactic acid bacteria strains. Both FGML and FGMK samples showed viable cell counts of 5.70 to 7.14 log cfu/mL and 5.74 to 7.23 log cfu/mL, respectively. After fermentation, milk became brighter and greener. The pH and water-holding capacity results indicated that combining isolated strains and commercial starter cultures gave fermented goat milk good acidification and coagulation properties. Additionally, the incorporation of kiwifruit lowered pH value, increased the titratable acidity, and promoted ketones and esters generation during fermentation. Overall, Latilactobacillus curvatus 142 exhibited superior fermentation performance and excellent flavor score among 8 lactic acid bacteria strains. The electronic nose effectively differentiated goat milk, FGML, and FGMK samples. In addition, the contents of hexanoic, octanoic, and decanoic acid associated with the goaty flavor in K126, K142, K143, and K145 were notably lower than those in L126, L142, L143, and L145, respectively (P < 0.05). Kiwifruit can improve both the flavor and texture of fermented milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product on clinical outcomes in dairy cows during challenge with Streptococcus uberis.","authors":"Q K Kolar, K C Krogstad, T H Swartz, L K Mamedova, V Mavangira, I Yoon, B J Bradford, P L Ruegg","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-26541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Streptococcus uberis is a common mastitis pathogen that lacks an effective vaccine in the United States and often requires antibiotic therapy. Supplementation of feed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) has been associated with decreased SCC in dairy cows. The objective of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with SCFP on clinical and production outcomes in lactating dairy cows in response to intramammary challenge with Streptococcus uberis. Healthy cows (n = 42; parities 1-5; >120 DIM) were enrolled if their pretrial test day SCC was <200,000 cells/mL and they had no history of clinical mastitis in the preceding 60 d. Four cohorts of cows were blocked based on bovine leukemia virus infection status, parity group, milk yield, and DIM then randomly pre-assigned to receive a challenge in one quarter before being assigned to receive a treatment or control diet during a 45-d prechallenge phase, 5- to 7-d challenge phase, and 45-d postchallenge phase. Diets of cows assigned to treatment were top-dressed with 19 g/d SCFP for 45 d, and the control cows received 19 g/d of ground corn. During the prechallenge phase, quarter milk samples were collected weekly and used to determine SCC and IMI. Cows that did not develop IMI during the prechallenge phase (n = 37) were challenged with ∼2,000 cfu of S. uberis 0140J in one rear mammary gland; quarter milk samples were collected daily until antibiotic treatment (d 5 or 7) and data collection continued for another 45 d. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models. Supplementation with SCFP did not affect DMI, milk production, or milk components during the prechallenge, challenge, or postchallenge phases. During the challenge week, there was no effect of SCFP on number of colonies of S. uberis or SCC in milk. The mean time from intramammary challenge with S. uberis until onset of clinical mastitis was 3.88 ± 0.42 d and 4.84 ± 0.44 d for cows in the control group and SCFP treated groups, respectively. The mean days to bacteriological cure were 25.9 ± 3.5 (control cows) and 22.5 ± 3.1 (SCFP treated). As compared with values in control cows, supplementation with SCFP did not affect milk yield, DMI, or SCC of cows that received an intramammary challenge with S. uberis 0140J. Interestingly in a subset of animals that were infected with bovine leukemia virus, but not lymphocytic, before challenge supplementation with SCFP increased DMI 1.3 kg ± 0.6 and increased milk production by 2.3 ± 0.9 kg/ d. This study was performed using a challenge model and a single pathogen type, future studies focusing on naturally occurring mastitis may be of value.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144937967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERPRETIVE SUMMARIES, SEPTEMBER 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0022-0302(25)00640-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0022-0302(25)00640-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 9","pages":"Pages x-xx"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of phosphorus intake on phosphorus balance and serum concentrations of carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks during the final 4 weeks of gestation and the first 8 weeks of lactation in dairy cows","authors":"P. Keanthao ,&nbsp;R.M.A. Goselink ,&nbsp;J. Dijkstra ,&nbsp;A. Bannink ,&nbsp;J.T. Schonewille","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10410","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 9","pages":"Page 10410"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to “Screening of a potential probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NUC08 and its synergistic effects with yogurt starter” (J. Dairy Sci. 108:2760–2773)","authors":"Zhendong Cai ,&nbsp;Yingqi Guo ,&nbsp;Qing Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhenmin Liu ,&nbsp;Guowei Zhong ,&nbsp;Liping Zeng ,&nbsp;Mingquan Huang ,&nbsp;Daodong Pan ,&nbsp;Zhen Wu","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10413","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 9","pages":"Pages 10413-10415"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Partially substituting cheese base with plant proteins to produce processed cheese: Textural, rheological, microstructural and sensory properties” (J. Dairy Sci. 108:4638–4658)","authors":"Anastasiia A. Ushkalova,&nbsp;Ru Zhao,&nbsp;Yu Gu,&nbsp;Cuina Wang,&nbsp;Tiehua Zhang","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10411","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 9","pages":"Pages 10411-10412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Effects of different doses of 3-nitrooxypropanol combined with varying forage composition on feed intake, methane emission, and milk production in dairy cows” (J. Dairy Sci. 108:2489–2502)","authors":"Morten Maigaard ,&nbsp;Martin R. Weisbjerg ,&nbsp;Christer Ohlsson ,&nbsp;Nicola Walker ,&nbsp;Peter Lund","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10416","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2025-108-9-10416","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 9","pages":"Pages 10416-10417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}