Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Markers of inflammation with decreased functionality in the cognitive and psychological domains of individual vitality in middle-aged and elderly patients with metabolic syndrome.]","authors":"M V Chupakha, O N Belousova, K I Proshchaev, A N Ilnitsky, E V Fesenko, A A Klyuchnikova, N V Fomchenkova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic syndrome is a group of disorders that are closely related to both the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, and generally leading to the phenomenon of premature aging of the body. Excessive accumulation of adipose tissue contributes to the development of chronic immune inflammation and oxidative stress, which are both precursors to various disorders, such as insulin resistance, arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, but also trigger inflammatory processes in patients. An increasing number of studies support the importance of chronic immune inflammation in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, as pro-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and growth of vascular endothelium. Among a wide range of cytokines, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 is considered one of the most important chemokines, which activates monocytes and other immune cells actively involved in inflammation. Another important point of chronic immune inflammation is its impact on the mental health of patients with metabolic syndrome. Increased levels of anxiety and depression are associated with levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by adipose tissue, which ultimately has an adverse effect on the cognitive status of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 1-2","pages":"138-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impaired hemostasis in elderly and senile patients with mesenteric thrombosis in COVID-19.]","authors":"R V Kadnikov, M V Vasilchenko, A S Rukavishnikov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the treatment of coronavirus infections, it is important not only to understand the course of the disease, but also to understand what is happening in the human body, especially in the circulatory system, that is, which disorders lead to deterioration and further complications. Hemostasis disorder in COVID-19 plays an important role in the etiology and clinical manifestations of the disease. The ability to identify factors and risk groups for the development of thrombotic complications, the ability to dynamically interpret peripheral blood parameters and coagulograms, knowledge of diagnostic criteria for possible hemostasis disorders (for example, DIC syndrome, sepsis-associated coagulopathy, antiphospholipids, hemophagocytosis and hypercoagulation syndrome) are necessary to determine the indications for the test. Differentiated prescribing of clinically justified therapy (including anticoagulants and blood components) is important, which determines the complexity of treatment and prognosis for patients with COVID-19. This article is a review of the literature on the topic of hemostasis disorders in elderly and senile patients with mesenteric thrombosis in COVID 19 over the past few years.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 1-2","pages":"149-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring social well-being among the older adults: introducing a composite index.","authors":"S H Mohaqeqi Kamal, S M Alamdari, M Basakha, N Zanjari, G G Harouni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assessing and monitoring social policies designed to enhance the well-being of older adults necessitates a comprehensive metric that encompasses all facets of their lives. In 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out in Tehran, Iran, involving interviews with 1 280 older individuals to gauge their well-being. The Older Adults' Social Well-being Index (OSWI) was formulated following the composite indicator construction methodology advocated by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. The study revealed that physical health, living standards, insurance coverage, subjective well-being, and social relationships collectively accounted for 54, 67% of the variation in social well-being. District 22 emerged as the most favorable locale in terms of OSWI, while District 18 lagged behind as the least suitable. The municipal districts of Tehran can be categorized into five distinct groups based on the well-being of their residents. By employing OSWI, the study succinctly encapsulates critical dimensions of older adults' lives, uncovering significant disparities in social well-being across Tehran's districts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 3","pages":"187-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hyaluronan receptors: role in aging and age-associated processes.]","authors":"V N Khabarov, A O Drobintseva, T V Kvetnaya, E S Mironova, T S Zubareva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review describes the involvement of various hyaluronic acid receptors, including CD44, RHAMM, HARE, TLR, LYVE-1, in maintaining normal homeostasis and aging, as well as in the development of age-associated inflammatory processes (inflamaging) and malignant tumors. The association of CD44 receptor activation with immune cells and the development of coronary heart disease has been shown. In addition, a link between the CD44 receptor and osteoarthritis has been shown, via TLR2 and TLR4. The oncogenic potential of RHAMM in relation to breast, prostate, leukemia, pancreas, lung and glioblastoma cancers has been described, with the strongest expression observed in metastatic tumors. In vivo and in vitro experiments, it was found that fragments of hyaluronic acid with a length of 4 to 25 disaccharides can contribute to the proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells and lymphangiogenesis. Thus, hyaluronic acid receptors play an important role in the aging process through the regulation of inflamaging and in the development of malignant neoplasms.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 3","pages":"259-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Physical rehabilitation for degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the hip joint in elderly and senile people (3rd stage).]","authors":"D N Bobunov, S S Zotova, A S Kordyuk, Y A Bozhko, P A Miroshnikova, E S Volkov, E O Parysheva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the numerous non-drug treatment options, a clear strategy for medical rehabilitation of patients with hip osteoarthritis has not been developed. Long-term physical inactivity associated with exacerbation of the disease, with limb immobilization due to injury or joint surgery leads to the development of secondary changes: muscle atrophy, contractures, osteoporosis and other changes in the tissues of the musculoskeletal system, which significantly complicate the restoration of motor function. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of a modernized method of therapeutic exercise at the third stage of rehabilitation in elderly and senile patients with hip osteoarthritis. Patients received complex therapy, including myostimulation, massage, manual therapy and therapeutic exercise in groups. In addition to the traditional complex, patients of the main group received a method of therapeutic exercise according to the declared method. The use of a gymnastic ball and a medicine ball in exercises during squats allows strengthening the muscles of the thigh and buttocks without injury. The use of a gymnastic hemisphere and TRX loops in exercises allows safe training of balance, coordination and stabilizing muscles of the thigh and back, as well as helping the patient to adapt faster to everyday loads, and most importantly, to avoid fixing a pathological motor stereotype. The developed set of exercises has proven its effectiveness and demand among elderly and senile patients according to the total Leken algo-functional index, according to the visual analogue scale at rest and when walking, the WOMAC index, and can be used among other groups of the population as a method of treating and preventing osteoarthritis. The use of therapeutic physical training by patients in a fitness center or at home according to a given method at the 3rd stage of rehabilitation accelerates the processes of restoration of the hip joint by an average of 3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 6","pages":"704-713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The relationship of exudative age-related macular degeneration with lacrimal fluid chemokines in elderly patients.]","authors":"N M Agarkov, N V Popova, E N Korovin, M L Kurzin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), along with other age-associated ophthalmologies, is a significant cause of loss of visual functions among the elderly, but the relationship of exudative AMD with lacrimal fluid chemokines has not been sufficiently studied. The aim of the work was to study the relationship of exudative AMD with lacrimal fluid chemokines in elderly patients. The content of chemokines in the lacrimal fluid was studied in 92 patients (184 eyes) 60-74 years old with exudative AMD and 84 patients (168 eyes) 60-74 years old without ophthalmopathology using a certified MAGRIX (USA) immunoassay device with Luminex technology on the xMAX platform. AMD diagnosis was performed based on the results of a comprehensive ophthalmological examination and in accordance with the classification criteria (Age-Related Eye Disease Study). Regression analysis and the program Statistica 10.0 were used in the processing of the obtained data. An increase in the production of most of the considered chemokines in patients with exudative AMD in lacrimal fluid was found in relation to representatives of the same age without ophthalmopathology, namely: MCP-1/CCL2 to 712,4±3,4 pg/ml reference 598,6±3,1 pg/ml (p<0,01), IP-10/CXCL10 to 37,9±2,6 pg/ml reference 11,3±2,3 pg/ml (p<0,001), SDF-1α/CXCL12 to 262,5±4,3 pg/ml reference 208,2±4,7 pg/ml (p<0,001), Eotaxin/CCL11 to 6,2±0,4 pg/ml reference 4,3±0,6 pg/ml (p<0,01), RANTES/CCL5 to 1,7±0,3 versus 0,6±0,2 pg/ml (p<0,001). On the contrary, the content of MIP-1a/CCL3 chemokines decreased to 2±0,3 versus 4,1±0,5 pg/ml (p<0,001), GROa/CXCL1 to 7,2±0,9 versus 15,8±2,1 pg/ml (p<0,001). The coefficients of the performed multidimensional regression analysis turned out to be the highest for IP-10/CXCL10 (β=+3,538), RANTES/CCL5 - (β=+2,859) and GROa/CXCL1 - (β=-2,419), which indicates the greatest association of these lacrimal fluid chemokines with the development of exudative AMD. These lacrimal fluid chemokines can be used as additional diagnostic markers of exudative AMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 4","pages":"430-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Age-associated dynamics in blood pressure and dispersion mapping of the electrocardiogram in comparison with the incidence of mortality from circulation system diseases in residents of Magadan.]","authors":"A N Loskutova, I V Averyanova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research assessed blood pressure and dispersion mapping in reliance on age (Myocardium and Rhythm indices), the incidence of their deviations from the standard values in comparison with the tendency in mortality from diseases of the blood circulation system. For this purpose, we studied test results of 602 men and 776 women (total 1 378 people) aged 17-90 years who permanently inhabited Magadan city and underwent medical examination in 2016-2019, and mortality rates from circulatory system diseases during this period were estimated. The research showed a strong link of the increasing age to the growth in the blood pressure variables, with hypertensive focus, and the deviations in the ECG dispersion characteristics of the Myocardium and Rhythm indices tended to grow bigger. Regardless of the subjective gender, the highest frequency of changes in the ECG dispersion mapping was observed owing to disorders in the atrial depolarization phase (G1-G2) and ventricular hypertrophy (G9). The incidence of deviations that showed changes in the repolarization of the myocardium of the right and left ventricles of the heart (G5-G6) proved to be more common in women than in men. The cumulative deviations in the G3-G4 and G5-G7 groups indicated that men experienced the development of myocardial ischemia in their 2nd middle age while women exhibited these symptoms later, in an older period of their ontogeny. The picture of the raised variables in blood pressure, Myocardium and Rhythm indices demonstrated the presence of gender-related differences from the normal standards which formed critical periods: in the 2nd middle stage of ontogeny in men, and in older age in women. A peak in mortality from cardiovascular failures in residents of Magadan tended to fall on the above periods of ontogeny. Resulting from the study, prevention activities must be given emphasis and further promoted as health state control methods in order to identify risks for the development of cardiovascular diseases in age-related patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 4","pages":"419-429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Age-related changes in the choroid plexus of the brain include focal fibrosis of its villi.]","authors":"O V Kirik, D A Sufieva, E A Fedorova, I P Grigorev, D E Korzhevskii","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The choroid plexus of the cerebral ventricles is a highly vascularized villous structure that produces cerebrospinal fluid, forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and regulates the exchange of biologically active molecules between blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The purpose of the work was to study the distribution of collagen fibers in the choroid plexus and determine the presence of type IV collagen in their composition. To identify collagen fibers, preparations were stained with aniline blue; the localization of type IV collagen was determined by immunohistochemistry. Collagen fibers in the human choroid plexus were found in a narrow strip of the basement membrane - in all studied samples, regardless of age. A significant portion of collagen fibers includes type IV collagen. At the age of 40-50 years, large accumulations of fibers additionally appear in the stroma of individual villi, a significant part of which is type IV collagen. In such fibrotic villi, blood vessels are not identified. Early fibrosis of part of the villi can result in slowing down filtration processes in the choroid plexus and lead to the development of pathological changes in the brain during aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 4","pages":"392-396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Life expectancy for the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. Part 2: Dynamics of old age threshold.]","authors":"A A Safarova, G L Safarova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper continues the study of the population ageing in the regions of the Northwestern Federal District. It characterized population ageing based on prospective ageing indicators that take into account remaining life expectancy. The dynamics of life expectancy (LE) at birth was analyzed. A computation and comparative analysis of the old age threshold for the regions that are part of the Northwestern Federal District have been carried out. A comparative analysis of ageing indicators - traditional and prospective (the proportion of the elderly and the share of the population above the old age threshold) was carried out. It has been found that there are no fundamental differences in the dynamics of life expectancy in older ages, as well as in the of old age threshold, between the regions considered. It is shown that for the male population in almost all regions in 2021, the value of the old age threshold is below 60 years, while for the female population the opposite inequality is observed. Thus, in 2021, the share of men over the old age threshold exceeds the proportion of the elderly in almost all regions considered, and for the female population, the share of the elderly is expected to be higher than the values of the prospective indicator.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 3","pages":"177-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prognosis of a high risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the long-term period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the elderly and senile.]","authors":"A R Ambartsumyan, K L Kozlov, E D Pyatibrat, A O Pyatibrat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After cholecystectomy, elderly patients require special attention, due to the influence of involution processes in the body on the formation of complications. To identify prognostic criteria for the formation of fatty liver degeneration in the long-term period of minimally invasive cholecystectomy, 159 men were examined. Dysregulation of the biliary tract was determined using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, elastography and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. Microbial markers of the wall microbiome of the intestine were determined using chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relationship between an increase in body mass index and a decrease in the amount of obligate microbiome (r=-0,43, p<0,050), as well as with the formation of fatty liver degeneration in elderly patients, was revealed. The features of vegetative regulation in elderly people with fatty liver degeneration have been determined. It has been proven that in old age, a decrease in the number of obligate anaerobic association of microorganisms of the small intestine (on average from 15 659 to 7 630 in persons of the 2nd age subgroup and from 1 457 to 17 837 in the 3rd) is a predictor of fatty liver degeneration. The prognostic algorithm developed on the basis of the analysis of highly informative signs makes it possible to identify with an accuracy of at least 75% a high risk of fatty liver degeneration in the long-term period of cholecystectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"37 1-2","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141471255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}