Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Chronobiotics as potential geroprotectors.]","authors":"I A Solovev, D A Golubev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article analyses the impact of chronobiotics on aging processes and their potential role in geroprotection. Key mechanisms of circadian regulation and their association with age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative and metabolic disorders, are examined. Based on existing scientific data, promising chronobiotics such as melatonin, resveratrol, and their analogs are analysed in terms of their alignment with geroprotector criteria. The main challenges in implementing chronobiotics in clinical practice, including individual chronotypes, genetic factors, and the lack of standardized application protocols, are discussed. In conclusion, promising research directions and recommendations for integrating chronobiotics into healthy aging strategies are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"371-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Association between depression syndromе and functional disorders in elderly residents of the European North of Russia.]","authors":"A N Galushin, L V Poskotinova, E A Krieger, O A Kharkova, E V Krivonogova, O V Krivonogova, R N Zelentsov, A A Moiseeva, I A Novikova, A V Kudryavtsev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression syndrome is one of the most common syndromes among the elderly and is directly associated with functional independence and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the association between the severity of depression syndrome and functional disorders among individuals aged 60 to 74 years. In 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted on arandom-samplein Arkhangelsk (n=611). Participants were examined for depression syndrome using the Beck Depression Scale. Functional disorders were evaluated using hand dynamometry, the Short Physical Performance Battery, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, visual and hearing acuity tests. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was used to analyze the associations between the severity of depression syndrome and functional disorders. After adjustment for age, education, marital status, financial difficulties, low physical activity, and all functional disorders, higher depression syndrome severity was associated with preasthenia gravis (an early stage of frailty) in both men and women and with hearing loss in women only. These findings underscore the importance of taking a gender-sensitive approach to screening for and preventing depression syndrome in older adults, especially those with complex age-related functional disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"528-538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Projectional anatomy of the kidneys in older age groups: comparative analysis of somatotypes.]","authors":"Y K Delalov, I U Vagabov, H M Bataev, K A Abduvosidov, Y V Dovgyallo, E S Kafarov, S T Huseynova, I N Yashina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the projection anatomy of the kidneys in older individuals of various somatotypes with the determination of morphometric patterns and topographic and anatomical features to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic measures in geriatric practice. The study was carried out in accordance with the design of a one-stage cross-sectional study with a prospective recruitment of 516 participants aged 45-59 years. Somatotyping was carried out using the modified Heath-Carter method with a comprehensive assessment of endomorphy, mesomorphy and ectomorphy. The main visualization method was multispiral computed tomography with a slice thickness of 0,625-1,25 mm in native mode and with contrast enhancement. For a detailed analysis, specialized 3D Slicer software with automatic segmentation of the renal parenchyma and construction of three-dimensional models was used. Statistical analysis was performed using parametric and nonparametric methods depending on the nature of the data distribution. The results demonstrated statistically significant differences in the projection anatomy of the kidneys between somatotypes. The endomorphic type was characterized by maximum values of the angles of inclination of the renal axis with an average of 10,4±3,2° and a pronounced tendency towards age-related prolapse of the organ. The ectomorphic type demonstrated the greatest stability of anatomical relationships with minimum deviation angles of 7,8±1,9°. Progressive age-related dynamics of the angular parameters of the inclination of the renal axis was established with an increase in average values from 8,3±2,1° in mature age to 11,2±3,4° in old age. Significant gender differences in the nature of age-related changes were revealed with greater stability of morphometric parameters in men and more pronounced age-related transformation in women. The established morphometric patterns substantiate the need to take into account somatotypical features when interpreting radiation diagnostic data and planning surgical interventions in patients of older age groups. The results obtained can serve as a basis for developing personalized approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of urinary system diseases, taking into account the individual typological characteristics of the body.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"553-561"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The extracellular matrix of senescent stromal cells decreased secretion of SDF-1 and HGF by endothelium.]","authors":"D K Matveeva, D N Kashirina, A Y Ratushnyy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) senescence is accompanied by alterations in their extracellular matrix (ECM), which has the potential to compromise cellular interactions within the perivascular niche. In this study, the effect of the ECM of senescent MSCs obtained in a «stress-induced model» on the paracrine activity of endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro was investigated. Senescent MSCs exhibited reduced production of structural and adhesive ECM proteins (including type I collagens, fibulins, perlecan, et al.) and increased deposition of senescence-associated molecules (PAI-1, GDF-15). When ECs were cultured on decellularized ECM of senescent MSCs, a significant decrease in the secretion of angiogenic and chemoattractant factors (SDF-1, HGF) was observed compared to young ECM. These findings highlight a potential role of ECM-mediated mechanisms in the development of age-related vascular pathologies and may provide a foundation for the design of anti-senescent therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"595-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Inflamaging in elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity.]","authors":"O A Osipova, E V Gosteva, S Y Popov, P G Osipov, M A Kuptsov, N I Klyushnikov, Y A Mezentsev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (C-RP), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the presence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) among elderly patients. Out of 380 elderly participants, 46 had SO, accounting for 12,1% of those examined. Of these, 69,6% were female and 30,4% were male. The comparison group included 52 elderly individuals without SO. Patients with SO were more likely to experience chronic non-communicable diseases, reduced physical activity, falls, cognitive impairments such as age-related memory loss, smoke more frequently, and drink alcohol less frequently. A significant increase in PLR and CRP values was associated with the SO status. A strong correlation between PLR and CRP indices was found (p=0,735, p<0,001). CRP had a negative association with muscle mass, walking speed, hand compression strength, and overall performance. The PLR index also had a negative correlation with these variables. A positive relationship was found between pbf and both CRP and PLR. ROC analysis allowed us to identify the PLR index as a predictor of SO with an AUC of 0,862 and a threshold value of 217. The sensitivity of the model was 86,4% and the specificity was 88,5%. The diagnostic effectiveness was 87,5%. Therefore, the PLR index can serve as an accessible marker for identifying elderly patients at high risk of SO when combined with CRP assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"503-509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of phytocomposition with nootropic properties on the quality of life and psychoemotional state of middle-age and early elderly people.]","authors":"O V Filatova, D D Mamyshev, E I Romashko, I Y Voronina, N A Shishkina, E V Kutseva, R I Khalimov, D N Sherbakov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of nootropic drugs is one of the approaches to improving the mental health of older people and preventing at least some cognitive disorders. The study participants were volunteers - conditionally healthy individuals. Volunteers (n=35, average age 53,4±1,21 years) took the phytocomposition «Memoris» 1 capsule 2 times a day for two weeks. Participants in the comparison group (n=35, average age 53,8±1,12 years) received a placebo (maltodextrin). The severity of anxiety/depression was assessed using the HADS questionnaire. A specialized questionnaire to determine well-being, activity, mood was used to assess the psychosomatic state. The quality of life was studied using the standardized SF-36 questionnaire. Under the influence of the phytocomposition «Memoris» statistically significantly decreased the results on anxiety scale (from 7,4±0,64 to 5,7±0,56 points, p<0,001) and depression scale (from 5,9±0,52 to 4,4±0,46 points, p<0,001), increased the results on well-being scale (from 4,9±0,19 to 5,5±0,16 points, p<0,001), as well as mood scale (from 5,5±0,16 to 5,8±0,16 points, p=0,009). After taking the phytocomposition «Memoris» an increase in scores was registered in all categories of the SF-36 questionnaire. Thus, the obtained results indicate a positive effect of the phytocomposition «Memoris» on the indicators of anxiety and depression, well-being, mood and a significant increase in the quality of life of respondents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"131-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Method of treating obesity in elderly and senile patients (1st stage).]","authors":"D N Bobunov, E O Bilyk, Y O Dudar, T P Zavyalova, E V Vaganova, A V Dolba, D M Gebekova, A R Protsenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of the method of treating obesity in elderly and senile patients. The patients were offered 2 nutrition programs, one based on the obtained data (insulin resistance, biliary dyskinesia, type 2 diabetes, etc.) and the final diagnosis in connection with the concomitant disease, and the second based on their taste preferences. The peculiarity of the development of the dietary program was to prepare a menu based on lean body mass, and not the total mass obtained from the results of bioimpedancemetry. The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates (in grams per kg of lean body mass is 1:1:2(3). Based on stress echo and lactate testing, a program of dosed aerobic physical activity was developed for the patient. Training was carried out 3-4 times a week after the last meal, the training time was 90 minutes with the required heart rate (not higher than aerobic threshold). Against the background of using the proposed technique, a reliable decrease in total body mass, body fat mass, total water was observed according to the results of bioimpedancemetry. Also, a reliable decrease in blood parameters: ALT, AST, gamma-GT, glucose, insulin, leptin, an increase in the level of vitamin D. Thus, the selection of a personalized diet in combination with dosed aerobic physical activity and regular monitoring using heart rate monitors will not only reduce weight, but also improve health indicators (reduce weight due to adipose tissue, reduce insulin resistance, increase vitamin D levels, reduce blood pressure, liver transaminases, glucose), and also increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures for obesity, preventing the progression of complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Preservation of elderly people cognitive abilities by means of physical culture.]","authors":"G I Semenova, I V Erkomaishvili, A V Lysenko, D S Lysenko, L M Dmitrenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of distance learning using a modified Pilates system on cognitive abilities and quality of life of the third age people was studied. The set of exercises proposed by the authors contributed to a reliable increase in the indicators of physical, social, intellectual and emotional health, and the psychological status of the experimental group of non-working pensioners. The distance format of combined optimization of the motor regime and correction of cognitive abilities can be recommended to ensure systematic training at any time of the year and in any weather, which is critically important for the age group studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of changes in the intestinal microbiota in the development of metabolic syndrome in the elderly (literature review).]","authors":"E M Ivanova, K O Kosmina, A U Shumkov, A M Zabezhinsky, A M Mayorova, K P Raevskii","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the modern world, considerable attention is paid to cardiovascular diseases, which, according to WHO, remain the leading cause of death. One of the key risk factors for their development is metabolic syndrome (MS), the prevalence of which is steadily increasing. An increase in the number of people with obesity, changes in eating behavior and reduced physical activity contribute to the progression of MS, and also affect the composition and functional state of the intestinal microbiota. In recent years, more and more data indicate that the microbiota plays an important role not only in the pathogenesis of MS, but also in the aging process. Gerontology considers intestinal microflora as one of the targets for action in order to slow down age-related changes and reduce the risk of age-associated diseases, including cardiovascular pathologies. Intestinal dysbiosis can contribute to the development of systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis, which makes the study of its mechanisms in the context of gerontology particularly relevant. The search for new links in the pathogenesis of MS and its relationship with changes in the microbiota opens up prospects for the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies, which, in turn, can contribute to an increase in the duration and quality of life. The purpose of the review is to analyze and systematize modern scientific data on the relationship between intestinal microbiota, metabolic syndrome and aging processes, to identify new pathogenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of age-associated diseases. The work uses publications, mainly for the last 5 years, from the PubMed, eLIBRARY, ScienceDirect databases, including review articles, meta-analyses and clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"243-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vascular aging, vascularity in the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma.]","authors":"Y E Filippova, A N Ilnitskiy, T N Malishevskaya, V V Bashuk, E V Renzyak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the aging of the population, the prevalence of age-associated diseases, including glaucoma, increases. Despite the contribution of vascular disorders to the development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), knowledge about the relationship between the ocular vascular bed and systemic vessels and sensory aging in glaucoma is limited. Objective: to determine how vascular aging and vascularity changes contribute to POAG progression. A total of 177 elderly patients (350 eyes) were examined. All patients underwent standard ophthalmological examination, assessment of sensory aging (Md, PSD indices, GCS indices according to OCT data, age and frailty), assessment of vascular parameters (reactive hyperemia test (RHT), ocular pulse and blood flow in the vessels of the extremities, lipidogram). Data analysis showed statistically significant changes in vascularity and vascular aging in elderly patients with POAG progression. Vascular and sensory aging are risk factors for POAG progression. The most significant predictors of glaucoma progression were identified - hemodynamic disorders, vascularity indices against the background of vascular aging in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"222-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}