Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Prognostic factors in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and their treatment results.]","authors":"L O Ametova, V B Kaliberdenko, A A Yatsenko, G R Asanova, D A Yakushev, E S Syskova, A S Goncharova, M I Shlapak, P V Nevedomskaya, M V Prutin, A V Tupikin, D A Kerimova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Treatment of elderly patients with NHL has always been a challenge; however, treatment statistics have begun to show favorable results similar to those of younger patients with DLBCL, thanks to new treatment protocols. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of prognostic factors on survival and efficacy of therapy in elderly patients with DLBCL in the Republic of Crimea. This study included 87 patients diagnosed with DLBCL who were treated in the Department of Hematology and Chemotherapy of the N.A. Semashko Republican Clinical Hospital from 2008 to 2024. The mean age was 72 (65-89) years, and 13 (14,9%) patients were over 80 years old. The median follow-up time was 42 months, and 45 patients (51,7%) died during the follow-up period. The median overall survival (OS) was 55 months, and the median progression-free survival was calculated as 27 months. Sixty-three patients (72,4%) received standard therapy R-CHOP. Complete response was achieved in 46 patients (52,9%). The median survival for patients with complete response was 136 months (p<0,001); however, OS was not statistically different between elderly (>80 years) and young patients (p=0,236). According to our results, we believe that the opportunity to undergo standard therapy R-CHOP is vital for the survival of elderly patients with DLBCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Tumor necrosis factor in fibroblasts of human dermis in the process of physiological aging.]","authors":"A G Gunin, N N Golubtzova, T G Denisova, E V Miheeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work was to examine the content of tumor necrosis factor in fibroblasts of human dermis from the development until 85 years old, and defining of a role of this protein age-dependent changes in the number of fibroblasts in the dermis. Tumor necrosis factor, proliferating cells nuclear antigen (PCNA), marker of fibroblasts vimentin were detected with indirect immunohistochemical staining. Results showed that portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for tumor necrosis factor in the dermis is increased from 20 weeks of pregnancy until 60 years old followed by a little decrease in age interval 61-85 years old. Common number and percent of PCNA positive fibroblasts in dermis are decreased with age with more expressed changes until 40 years old. Correlation analysis showed that age dependent decrease in the number of fibroblasts and their proliferative activity is significantly associated with increase in the number of dermal fibroblasts positively stained for tumor necrosis factor. Results obtained allow to suggest that tumor necrosis factor plays a role in age dependent decrease in the number of fibroblasts and their proliferation in human dermis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"229-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of personality and interpersonal relations of older people in a multicultural art therapeutic educational space.]","authors":"V I Dolgova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preservation of personality, development of needs and abilities of an elderly person, and his spiritual elevation imply maximum use of the entire system of spiritual values and enormous spiritual potential that can manifest itself in late creativity. The subjectivity that arises in connection with late creativity focuses on active and rejuvenating aging, creativity is an arena in which age relations are negotiated and regulated. An analysis of the subject cultures that arise from creativity in later life shows how creative practice develops a certain self-image focused on productivity and maintaining a person's social positions. The purpose of the study proposed in the article is to show the features of the use of art therapy methods in working with older people in different living conditions (remote and insufficient).</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"398-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experience of using teledermatology for elderly patients: a study in the Republic of Bashkortostan.]","authors":"A R Nasyrova, E R Khusainova, T V Gritsenko, A A Medvedeva, A G Aznabaeva, D R Chumarin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of teledermatology in primary care for the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases in patients of all age groups, with a focus on the population over 60 years. The study, conducted in Ufa from September 2023 to September 2024, included 1 590 patients over 60 years old with 3 214 registered skin lesions. The results demonstrate that teledermatology consultations allowed GPs to independently manage 67% of cases (2 153/3 214), minimizing the need for referral to a dermatologist. Indications for an in-person consultation with a dermatologist and biopsy were 42,80% (681/1 590) and 8,23% (131/1 590) of cases, respectively. The dominant diagnoses were seborrheic keratosis, solar lentigo, onychomycosis, melanocytic nevi, benign skin lesions, actinic keratosis, epidermoid cysts, leukoderma and viral warts. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between patient age and the incidence of skin malignancies requiring biopsy. Emollients were the most frequently prescribed group of drugs (30,90%, 275/890). The findings suggest the potential of teledermatology to optimize patient routing, reduce the workload of dermatologists and increase the availability of specialized dermatological care, especially for elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"413-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect of semaglutide treatment on the body weight and the glucose, insulin and thyroid hormone levels in aging rats with diet-induced obesity.]","authors":"K V Derkach, I V Fedorchuk, N E Basova, A O Shpakov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated thyroid diseases are most common among elderly patients. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1-R) agonists, including semaglutide, are a promising approach for their treatment, but their effects on metabolic and hormonal parameters, including the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone levels, during aging have not been studied. The aim of the work was to study the effect of semaglutide on the body and adipose tissue weight, glucose homeostasis, insulin levels and hormonal status of the thyroid system in aging rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity in comparison with age-matched control animals. Treatment of aged obese rats (18 months) with semaglutide (60 μg/kg/day, 4 weeks) resulted in a decrease in body weight and adipose tissue by an average of 10,5 and 34,9% compared to the untreated group (OB), improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, as indicated by a decrease in glucose levels 120 min after a glucose load in the OB+Sem group compared to OB group (6,400,53 vs. 8,120,56 mM, p<0,05) and in the insulin resistance index, which did not differ from the control group (C). Semaglutide restored the level of free triiodothyronine reduced in obesity (3±0,16 pM in OB+Sem vs. 2,11±0,09 pM in OB, p<0,05) and normalized the integral thyroid index (fT3+fT4/TSH), demonstrating the restoration of thyrocyte sensitivity to TSH. It also increased the peripheral conversion index (fT3/fT4), as an indicator of the conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine (0,125±0,006 rel. units in OB+Sem vs. 0,099±0,002 rel. units in OB, p<0,05). Semaglutide had no significant effect on the thyroid status in aging non-obese rats (C+Sem), except for an increase in the peripheral conversion index compared to the control (0,133±0,004 vs. 0,114±0,005 rel. units, p<0,05). This indicates the prospects for the use of semaglutide for the correction of hypothyroidism in elderly patients with obesity caused by an unbalanced diet.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"580-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of retroelements on the relationship between aging and neurodegenerative diseases.]","authors":"R N Mustafin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During physiological aging, pathological activation of retroelements with accumulation and aggregation of beta-amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein, and TDP-43 proteins is observed in the brain, which may be the cause of progressive decline in cognitive abilities with age. In neurodegenerative diseases, these processes are enhanced by hereditary predisposition (disease-associated polymorphisms are localized mainly in intronic and intergenic regions where retroelements are located) and specific viral infections. This leads to hyperactivation of retroelements, which is reflected in changes in epigenetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, since the same viruses that cause activation and aggregation of beta-amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein and TDP-43 stimulate transcription of retroelements. The resulting aggregates cause derepression of retroelements, since these proteins normally inhibit transcription of retroelements. The listed processes occur at the epigenetic level, since they do not affect DNA sequences, and the key participants are retroelements, which are drivers of epigenetic regulation. Therefore, for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, it may be promising to develop therapeutic interventions aimed at the activity of retroelements, which has already shown its effectiveness in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, in which persistent inflammation and demyelination processes lead to the onset of neurodegeneration with proven involvement of retroelements in the pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"71-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vasosspastic angina: current concepts about pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment (literature review).]","authors":"A V Barsukov, E V Borisova, I A Vasilyeva, D V Glukhovskoy, M V Kuznetsov, G B Saraev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The review examines risk factors, triggers, diagnostic approaches, treatment and preventive strategies for vasospastic angina (VSA). Transient coronary spasm plays an important role in the pathogenesis of stable angina and acute coronary syndromes. Among the factors in the pathogenesis of VSA, the most relevant are sympatho-vagal imbalance, endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility of smooth muscle cells of the coronary arteries, intravascular and perivascular inflammation, and genetic predisposition. The review provides diagnostic criteria for VSA based on clinical manifestations, electrocardiographic data and angiographic documentation of coronary spasm. Indications and contraindications for intracoronary administration of vasospasm provoking agents are described. Current ideas about traditional and innovative (including interventional) approaches to the treatment and prevention of VSA are revealed. Insufficient study of the problem of VSA in elderly and senile patients has been noted. The factors that have the most adverse impact on the quality of life and prognosis in patients with recurrent coronary spasm are identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"36-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and functional model of long-term care for older aged persons.]","authors":"S B Maltsev, D S Medvedev, K L Kozlov, G I Gurko, V O Polyakova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A feature of the older age groups is not only an increase in the frequency of chronic non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, neurodegenerative, musculoskeletal), but also the development of senile asthenia syndrome, leading to the loss of autonomy and the need for comprehensive medical and social support. The purpose of the study was to test the clinical and functional model of long-term care for older age groups, based on the stratification of patients by the degree of loss of autonomy and preservation of rehabilitation potential. The study included elderly individuals who were in a social hospital and underwent a comprehensive clinical and functional assessment using standardized scales for cognitive, emotional, and motor status. The study used methods of variance and correlation analysis to identify the relationships between cognitive and motor impairments, which reflect the phenomenon of cognitive-motor interference. The results showed that the proposed model allows for a quantitative assessment of the level of autonomy, the determination of rehabilitation potential, and the identification of cognitive, motor, and mixed recovery profiles. The use of a stratification approach ensures the objectification of long-term care processes, increases the effectiveness of preventive and rehabilitation measures, and facilitates the implementation of personalized care and rehabilitation programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 5","pages":"729-733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk factors for lethal outcomes in elderly and senile patients with acute coronary syndrome: An analysis of a large vascular center registry.]","authors":"A N Bogomolov, O N Kurochkina, K L Kozlov, I A Solovev, V N Toropov, I B Oleksyuk","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective - to identify key risk factors for in-hospital mortality in elderly and senile patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) based on an analysis of a large vascular center registry. A prospective analysis of 14 321 ACS cases from 2016-2024 at the Alexandrovskaya Hospital (Saint-Petersburg) was conducted. Patients were stratified by age: <60 years, 60-74 years, 75-89 years, and ≥90 years. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and instrumental parameters were assessed, including the Charlson Comorbidity Index. Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis were used for statistical evaluation. The study found that with increasing age, there was a progressive rise in the proportion of women (from 25,5 to 89,9%), comorbidity (Charlson Index - 3,1±1,2 vs. 7,9±1,5 points), myocardial injury severity (elevated troponin levels - 29,1 vs. 52,3%), and complication rates (in-hospital mortality - 2,2 vs. 29,7%, respectively). Despite comparable rates of coronary angiography (90,9-93,3%) and percutaneous interventions (74,2-76,7%) across all groups, patients aged ≥75 years had significantly higher incidences of cardiogenic shock (18,4 vs. 2,5%), pulmonary edema (11,6 vs. 1,1%), and cardiac arrest (27,2 vs. 1,6%). Multivariate analysis revealed age-dependent predictors of mortality:1) <60 years: Killip class IV (OR=40,5), reduced LVEF (OR=0,93); 2) 60-74 years: low systolic BP (OR=0,94), hypercreatininemia (OR=1,01);3) ≥75 years: STEMI (OR=23,3), renal dysfunction (OR=1,01). The prognostic models demonstrated high accuracy (AUC=0,865-0,944) and specificity (0,910-0,999). Senile patients with ACS exhibit unique risk factors, including comorbidity, renal insufficiency, and hemodynamic instability. The findings underscore the need for an individualized treatment approach that accounts for age-associated risks. The developed models may be useful for patient stratification in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 5","pages":"714-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Vascular dysfunction: Processes Caused by aging, approaches to restorative therapy and prevention (part 2).]","authors":"T V Shushpanova, I N Smirnova, E V Gameeva, A M Stepanova, A A Zaitsev, E V Titskaya, T N Zaripova, T P Novozheeva, S M Safronov, R G Boev, E V Markova, O A Vasilieva, V V Udut","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The second part of the review is devoted to the prospects for using diets containing plant products and the development of biologically active additives and products of plant and natural origin based on peat compounds, which have a wide raw material base in Russia, in the rehabilitation therapy and prevention of vascular dysfunction. Measures aimed at eliminating vascular dysfunction and, in particular, endothelial dysfunction lead to a decrease in the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Epidemiological studies have found that diets that include plant products with a high content of antioxidants: polyphenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, are associated with a decrease in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. Flavanols are the main class of flavonoids, are bioactive substances, their consumption improves the function of the cardiovascular system, since products rich in flavanols stimulate endothelial function, providing a vasodilatory effect, which is mediated by NO-synthase (NOS)-dependent production of nitric oxide (NO). Among such sources of flavanols, cocoa bean products imported to Russia are widely known, but the therapeutic efficacy of humic acids (HA) and products based on them deserve special attention, since they are a source of biologically active substances belonging to different classes of chemical compounds. In the process of peat formation, complex organic compounds are formed - humic substances. HA make up the predominant fraction of humic substances. HA are promising in the field of «green» chemistry as an accessible and cheap source of raw materials for the production of drugs. GC-based drugs have a wide range of biological activity, beneficially affecting the human body in various pathological conditions, the basis of which is vascular dysfunction. The widespread use of natural sources of GC for the production of which in Russia has unlimited potential, has not been sufficiently studied and used in domestic medicine. Given the cause-and-effect events that lead from endothelial dysfunction to the development of atherosclerosis, primary and secondary preventive therapy aimed at normalizing endothelial function is an important task of clinical research and new therapeutic strategies, including the creation of new biologically active products and drugs of natural and plant origin to achieve this goal.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 5","pages":"663-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}