Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Long-term care system in Russia: Achievements and prospects (overview).]","authors":"A S Bashkireva, N P Baranova, D Y Bogdanova, P P Anikeev, A V Shishko, M A Sevastyanov, T V Bondarenko, G M Podoprigora","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.008","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the phased implementation of the long-term care system (LTCS) in Russia. The relevance of the topic is due to the increase in the number of elderly and disabled citizens in need of medical, social and psychological assistance. The analysis of existing approaches to the organization of long-term care for the elderly, the disabled and other categories of citizens in need of constant support is carried out. The article includes an assessment of the legislative framework, tasks, advantages and disadvantages of the introduction of LTCS in Russian Federation. The strategic barriers related to financing, functioning, and coordination between different levels of government and organizations involved in the implementation of LTCS in Russia are convincingly shown. Significant differences have been identified in the implementation of LTCS in the subjects of the Russian Federation due to different levels of economic development, budgetary provision, human resources, geographical features, etc. The importance of organizing interdepartmental interaction within the framework of LTCS has been emphasized. The expediency of using successful social innovations, projects and practices in the implementation of LTCS is proved. The prospects for the further development of the LTCS in the context of the digital transformation of the social sphere are outlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 5","pages":"691-705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of plant essential oils on older adults with anxiety and depression.]","authors":"A M Yarosh, I A Batura, V V Tonkovtseva, A V Sinitsyn, E S Koval, E E V Ogarkova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of essential oils (EO) of 25 species and varieties of essential oil plants on elderly people (average age over 70 years) was studied when they inhaled air containing EO vapors at a concentration of 1 mg/m3. It was found that an anxiolytic effect lasting more than 30 minutes was provided by EO of Siberian fir and peppermint of the Prilutskaya variety, more than 20 minutes - EO of common basil, Transcaucasian catnip, catnip, narrow-leaved lavender, noble laurel, long-leaved mint of the Oksamitova variety, peppermint of the Ukrainian variety, essential oil rose of the Crimean red variety, medicinal rosemary, garden savory. The antidepressant effect of EO is noticeably weaker than the anxiolytic effect. A stable effect for more than 30 minutes was not found in any EO. The effect observed after 20 minutes of exposure was given by only three EO: garden savory, thyme and peppermint of the Udaychanka variety.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"450-456"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Results of medical care for centenarians with acute cholecystitis in a multidisciplinary inpatient geriatric facility.]","authors":"N I Glushkov, K N Movchan, T L Gorshenin, M B Kvetniy, A V Andrusenko, G S Gugalev, M M Yartsev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The results of medical care provided to 177 patients of Hospital for War Veterans in 2015-2022 for acute cholecystitis are presented. The age of 79 patients exceeded 90 years (long-livers). As a control, the main parameters of medical care in comparison were studied in a group of 98 patients with acute cholecystitis, aged 18-59 years (patients of the so-called young and mature cohort of the population). When analyzing information about the features of examination and treatment results of patients in the studied age cohorts, it was found that cases of acute cholecystitis observed in the group of centenarians are not a rare pathology. It was also stated that in patients of the older age cohorts of the population, against the background of the predominance of calculous forms of the disease, the possibilities of diagnosing acute cholecystitis are characterized by difficulties due to the latent course and atypical manifestations of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cognitive impairments and decision-making abilities in elderly and senile patients.]","authors":"O A Osipova, E V Gosteva, Y O Shakhunova, N I Klyushnikov, P G Osipov, V I Fedotov, S Y Popov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical and legal professionals face the challenge of assessing capacity and ability to make medical, legal and financial decisions in dementia patients who have a disrupted decision-making process. While such assessments have traditionally focused on the capacity for complex reasoning and executive functions, research in decision-making has shown that motivational and metacognitive processes are also important. With the number of dementia patients expected to rise in the next few decades, there needs to be an understanding of how dementia patients are disrupting decision-making. Physicians who treat older adults need to know which health care decision-making tasks are the most challenging for such patients to maximize decision-making when possible. For people with dementia, clearer criteria for determining medical and legal capacity are needed. Different levels of impairment of decision-making ability are not linear. There needs to be a balance of support and empowerment, and a balance of raising awareness and opportunity for harm. In patients at risk of developing disability, decision-makers who are in the best interests of the patient should be identified beforehand.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[On the question of the bioelement theory of aging.]","authors":"E A Lugovaya, K I Ageenko","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.017","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.5.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents the author's principles of the bioelement theory of aging, which considers the imbalance of essential macro- and microelements - so-called primary bioelements - as a key trigger for specific aging mechanisms. These elements perform structural, electrolytic, enzymatic, and other biochemical functions in the body. In the classification of bioelementome, primary simple bioelements include essential chemical elements in their simplest atomic or ionic forms. An imbalance of these bioelements disrupts metabolic homeostasis and thus serves as a trigger for numerous mechanisms of age-related dysfunction, including oxidative stress, proteostasis disruption, apoptosis, extracellular matrix damage, neurodegenerative processes, and other pathological transformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 5","pages":"770-778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bioelement signature in the life cycle of the far north population: A cross-age analysis.]","authors":"E M Stepanova, E A Lugovaya","doi":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.6.005","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2025.38.6.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study establishes a direct link between population health and the specific biogeochemical conditions of the Far North, enabling the identification of key risk groups and facilitating the development of targeted, gender-oriented nutritional support programs to correct the identified elemental disbalances. Analysis of the dynamics of the elemental status (macroelements, microelements) among residents of Magadan in the context of age-related transformation, with the development of digital risk profiles and predictive models of disbalance. The elemental composition of hair in 1016 residents of Magadan of different genders 0-81 years was studied using atomic emission and mass spectrometry and inductively coupled argon plasma. Evaluation tables of bioelement disbalance at different stages of the life cycle were constructed. The study proposes a reinterpretation of pediatric data, interpreting «superretention» as an adaptive mechanism rather than excess. This shift in perspective transforms diagnostic approaches and prevents unnecessary medical interventions when the organism is capable of autonomous adaptation. Adolescents and young adults demonstrated a high prevalence of deficiency states, whereas middle-aged and elderly populations exhibited accumulation of essential elements (K, Mn, Se, Zn). Notably, excessive levels of these nutrients may contribute to age-related pathology similarly to deficiencies. The combined excess of K, Mn, Se, and Zn disrupts mineral homeostasis, triggering cascading metabolic disgomeostasis and multiorgan dysfunction that primarily manifests as life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, with additional significant impacts on neurological and gastrointestinal systems. The elemental status population of the Far North exhibits distinct age and gender specificity, shaped by regional biogeochemical factors. The obtained data enable the identification of at-risk groups (adolescents, elderly women) and establish a foundation for long-term scientific programs aimed at understanding human adaptation mechanisms to specific environmental conditions. This understanding is critically important for planning sustainable development in these territories and preserving the health of future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 6","pages":"834-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medical and hygienic training of the population in the issues of gerontology as a way of ensuring resilience.]","authors":"N I Shvarckopf, E V Fesenko, E V Vaevskaia, V V Stepchenkova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of global population aging and increasing life expectancy, it is of particular importance to inform and educate citizens on health, disease prevention and healthy lifestyle. Literacy in the field of longevity medicine contributes to prolonging the active period of life, preserving cognitive functions and the ability to self-care. This article examines the historical aspects of medical and hygienic education, analyzes modern methods of educating the population and suggests promising strategies using new technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chronic heart failure in elderly and senile patients with postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm: issues of epidemiology, etiology, surgical treatment.]","authors":"V V Mishagin, N G Lukyanov, K L Kozlov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With age, the frequency of cardiovascular diseases increases, which makes сhronic heart failure (CHF) one of the most common pathologies in the elderly. CHF in elderly and senile patients, complicated by postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm (LVA), is a serious problem in clinical practice. Postinfarction aneurysm of the left ventricle, which occurs after a myocardial infarction, significantly worsens the prognosis, leading to a violation of heart function and an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The article presents an overview of publications on the epidemiology of chronic heart failure in patients with LVA, including age and gender aspects. Based on the analysis of available publications, modern views on the problem of the emergence of LVA are highlighted. The data testifying to the prognostic significance of LVA as a factor associated with the aggravation of the course and the development of cardiovascular complications in patients with CHF are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"181-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sirtuins: molecular-cellular mechanisms of chondrocyte aging.]","authors":"V N Khabarov, E S Mironova, D Ngoc Hop","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More and more studies are focused on the functions of sirtuin proteins in the pathogenesis of joint diseases. Numerous experimental data illustrate the biological functions of sirtuins in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis in terms of inflammation and cellular aging. The literature also mentions the role of sirtuins in the regulation of circadian rhythms, which have recently been recognized as one of the key aspects in the development of joint pathologies. Some representatives of the sirtuin protein family can participate in the regulation of mitochondrial functions. Over the past three decades, evidence has been obtained that sirtuins are not only important energy sensors, but also have protective properties against metabolic stress and premature aging of cells. Sirtuins regulate metabolism, inhibit apoptosis and autophagy of chondrocytes, and prevent aging of cartilage tissue by exhibiting their deacetylating function. This review shows the role and participation of sirtuins in various molecular signaling events that are associated with the suppression of the functional activity of chondrocytes with increasing age. Modern studies demonstrate the positive effect of sirtuins on the functional activity of chondrocytes and cartilage anabolism. The development of possible ways to regulate sirtuin activity is of considerable interest, which can lead to progress in the treatment of joint pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 2","pages":"213-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Implementation of the gerontological approach to informational and educational support of senior citizens.]","authors":"S V Tarasov, A V Shabrov, G A Bordovsky, A V Finagentov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The publication substantiates the use of the gerontological approach in the process of information and educational support for the provision of comprehensive assistance to senior citizens within the framework of the formation of the national project 'Long and Active Life' and the regional program of Saint-Petersburg «Silver Age». Suggestions to the development of an interdepartmental program of information and educational support for senior citizens, which would contribute to increasing the information accessibility, demand and effectiveness of social services through active cooperation between senior citizens - recipients of services with the staff of government agencies providing them, the introduction of innovative information, educational and geronto-technologies, and the involvement of public organizations, commercial structures and volunteer centers in supporting senior citizens. The structure and plot of the program are considered, as well as, the algorithm for its implementation, the organization of a pilot project in the territory of Saint-Petersburg, using the experience, developments and creative potential of social institutions, scientific and educational centers of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 1","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}