Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Using of biotechnical and medical systems of mechanical circulatory support in patients, including elderly patients, based on the analysis of the prevalence of heart failure and its cronicity in Russian Federation and globally.]","authors":"A A Zhukov, N G Lukyanov, K L Kozlov, S V Ermolaeva, V V Mishagin","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.006","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure, including chronic heart failure (CHF) is an inevitable progressive disease worldwide. In the developed countries the amount of patient with such disease is approximately 2% of total adult population. Besides the prevalence is increased from year to year, owing also to population ageing (increasing part of the elder people in total population). The article presents and analyzes data of morbidity and prevalence of heart failure (CHF) in patients including elderly patients in Russian Federation and globally. This review study aims to systematize the available modern scientific information about prevalence of heart failure (CHF) and evaluate requirements of using biotechnical and medical systems of mechanically circulatory support - LVAD in patients with CHF and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 1","pages":"64-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Peptide bioregulation in the treatment of atherosclerosis and prevention of restenosis of the arteries of the lower extremities.]","authors":"N V Susanin, O I Kudryavtsev, V V Zavatsky, N G Lukyanov, Y M Gavrilova, A V Borodulin, A G Sopromadze, K L Kozlov","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.009","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall, which involves both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. With the development and progression of atherosclerosis, there is a violation of the process regulation the tone of the vascular wall. Regulatory peptides are substances that can restore the tone of the vascular bed and reduce the risks of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this review is to combine modern concepts of the effect of peptides on various components of the vascular wall. In addition, the potential for the use of regulatory peptides to reduce the risk of restenosis after interventions on the vessels of the lower extremities is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 1","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Sirtuins as geroprotectors and epigenetic regulators of cell cycle.]","authors":"Y I Belova, V N Khabarov, T V Kvetnaya","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and regulation by non-coding RNAs, play a key role in cell cycle and cell senescence control. A special place among epigenetic regulators is occupied by sirtuins, NAD⁺-dependent deacetylases involved in maintaining genomic stability, DNA repair, and transcription regulation. In this article, we consider the role of sirtuins (SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT6, SIRT7) as integrators of epigenetic signals affecting the passage of the cell cycle and cell aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"398-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Features of the course and tactics of management of myocardial infarction in long-livers.]","authors":"A A Zhelnina, E N Lobanova, V M Starovoitova, O A Kozyrev","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-lived individuals are systematically excluded from large studies, creating a gap in the evidence base for managing myocardial infarction (MI) in this age group. Aim - to research the features of MI course and outcomes in long-lived patients depending on treatment strategies. Retrospective analysis of 32 medical records of long-lived patients (≥90 years) with MI. Clinical, laboratory, instrumental data, and treatment outcomes were evaluated. The mortality rate was 37,5%. Characteristic features included high comorbidity (100% - hypertension, 50% - atrial fibrillation). The most unfavorable prognostic factors were acute heart failure, atrial fibrillation, as well as elevated creatinine and leukocyte levels. Mortality in the percutaneous coronary intervention group was lower than in the conservative treatment group (27% vs. 43%). MI in long-lived patients occurs against a background of high comorbidity. Percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with lower mortality; however, this issue requires further prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"458-465"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The experience of clinical and psychological support of the process of formation of readiness for age-related changes in elderly Tuvinians. Part 2.]","authors":"H M Kuular, O G Barinova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.001","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the first part of the article, we present the theoretical and methodological foundations and practical prerequisites for creating an author's program that implements an integrated approach to supporting the process of developing readiness for age-related changes in elderly Tuvinians with cognitive impairments. The structure, components, and adaptive capabilities of the program for its performance in a different traditional culture of the elderly are described. Methodological support for the effective implementation of the program is presented. In the second part of the article, the reader is presented with the results of the testing of the maintenance program in the form of a description of the data obtained from the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of experimental work. It was found that the values of the indicators of readiness for age-related changes of elderly Tuvinians who participated in the program are significantly higher than those of the respondents in the control group. In addition, older Tuvans who lead an active lifestyle and have healthy habits are more aware of age-related changes, but they are more difficult to accept. It was also revealed that the elderly Tuvans who participated in the program, life satisfaction at the «third age» and subjective experience of happiness have higher rank values than in the control group. The program of clinical and psychological support in this study is an option for the prevention of cognitive impairment in old age. The subjective understanding of the sacredness of objects of Tuvan culture and the guidance of this belief in everyday life is considered in the work as a unique opportunity to preserve the cognitive status of elderly Tuvinians.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 2","pages":"176-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact of intravascular ultrasound on revascularization strategy modification in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing unprotected left main coronary artery stenting.]","authors":"V N Ardeev, K L Kozlov, N G Lukyanov, A L Kaledin, A V Svyatova, V A Solovyov","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.017","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective - to assess the frequency of revascularization strategy modifications under intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance in elderly patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) stenting. This retrospective study included 152 patients aged ≥60 years with NSTE-ACS who underwent ULMCA stenting in 2020-2024 (angiography group - 57, IVUS group - 95). The primary endpoint was the rate of strategy modification (stent diameter/length change, stenting technique switch) based on IVUS findings. The secondary endpoint was the rate of major complications (dissections requiring stenting, stent thrombosis, extravasation). The rate of strategy modification (stent diameter/length change, stenting technique switch) was evaluated based on IVUS findings. Primary endpoint - in the IVUS group, strategy modification was required in 69,5% of cases (stenting technique change) and in 48,4% - stent/balloon size modification. IVUS guidance was associated with higher postdilation pressure (26 [24; 28] vs 20 [18; 24] atm, p<0,001) and longer stent length (40 [30; 56] vs 28 [22; 42] mm, p<0,001). Secondary endpoint - major complication rate was 5,3% in the IVUS group vs. 14% in the angiography group (p=0,057). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, IVUS use remained an independent predictor of revascularization strategy modification (OR=4,2; 95% CI 2,1-8,5; p<0,001) after adjustment for age, sex, prior stenting, and diabetes mellitus. The association of IVUS with a trend toward reduced major complications persisted (OR=0,41; 95% CI 0,16-1,03; p=0,058). IVUS guidance during ULMCA stenting in elderly patients with NSTE-ACS enables personalized revascularization strategy in more than half of cases, supporting its routine use in this age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 2","pages":"294-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Implementation of the calculator of individual goals of therapeutic control of diabetes mellitus in the practice of providing medical care to elderly patients.]","authors":"N A Pervyshin, S V Bulgakova, N S Izmalkov, V V Varlamova, A G Mamedova, T V Smirnova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.003","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective - to evaluate the experience of implementing a digital clinical calculator for individual clinical and metabolic control goals in routine outpatient medical care for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). A cross-sectional observational sample study was performed in a sample of elderly patients with DM2 who sought routine medical care at an outpatient medical organization (n=77); participants were examined according to the standard protocol of outpatient follow-up of an elderly patient with DM2, including 124 clinical and laboratory indicators; a developed digital calculator was used to assess individual therapeutic control goals The frequency of achieving treatment goals and the structure of drug therapy are determined. A high incidence of atherogenic pathology was confirmed: coronary heart disease (41,6%), chronic heart failure (27,3%), hypertension (62,3%), obesity (50,6%), dyslipidemia (46,8%), exceeding population values; an imbalance in achieving therapeutic goals was revealed: indicators glycemic control levels are close to optimal values (HbA1c 7,5±1,5%), while LDL exceeds the target level by 2 times (3,1±0,9 mmol/l); 88% of participants do not achieve the goal of lipidemic control calculated according to regulatory criteria; biguanides predominate in the structure of drug therapy (55,8%). For elderly patients with DM2, diseases associated with increased cardiovascular risk pose the greatest danger; insufficient detection of dyslipidemia in conditions of limited outpatient admission may be due to the complexity of the algorithm for stratifying lipid control goals; the use of digital tools allows to identify reserves for prescribing lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic therapy and optimize the trajectory of drug treatment if the target values of biomarkers of clinical and metabolic control; to focus the doctor's attention on the priority task of increasing the effectiveness of evidence-based risk management.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"358-364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Features of medical rehabilitation of elderly patients who underwent hip arthroplasty as a result of a fracture of the proximal femur.]","authors":"N G Smirnova, V A Sorokovikov, M E Puseva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study is to develop a technology and method for evaluating the results of medical rehabilitation in patients with fractures of the proximal femur who underwent hip arthroplasty. The article deals with the epidemiology of low-energy fractures of the proximal femur in elderly patients. The sex and age characteristics of this group of patients were determined, the duration of the period from the trauma to the hip joint endoprosthetic surgery was revealed, the presence and significance of concomitant pathology was analyzed. The development of rehabilitation methods was carried out in a personalized manner, based on individual parameters of the patient's health, taking into account the assessment of rehabilitation prognosis, values of the rehabilitation routing scale, using physical, psychological and medical rehabilitation methods. In the course of the study, the dynamics of recovery of the motor function of the organism, compensation of clinical and laboratory parameters, changes in Barthel index and integral rehabilitation scale values were determined; a functional rehabilitation complex was developed and applied, including clinical, physiotherapeutic locomotor, and psychological methods of rehabilitation of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"421-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Non-drug methods of pain management in the rehabilitation of elderly patients with dorsopathies.]","authors":"S V Ovsyannikova, S G Gorelik, V V Bulynin, V O Dubsky, A N Blinkov, V V Milov, A S Ponomarev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lower back pain is one of the most common complaints presented by elderly patients during outpatient visits. The reason for this circumstance is the increase in degenerative changes in the musculoskeletal system, in particular, the spine with increasing age of patients, as well as a decrease in the metabolic rate. This situation requires the doctor not only to relieve pain, but also to create conditions for the prevention of relapse of painful sensations. The effect of non-drug treatment methods and, in particular, the use of individual orthopedic correction means on the course of pain syndrome in people with deforming dorsopathy of old age has not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, based on literary data, the effect of the use of individual orthopedic correction means (orthopedic insoles, corsets, bandages) in the long-term period on lower back pain as part of complex therapy of dorsopathy in the elderly against the background of their polymorbidity is shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 3","pages":"338-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Predictive ability of cognitive reserve in the formation of motor cognitive risk syndrome.]","authors":"N M Agarkov, V N Agarkova, A S Lysenko, Y A Mezentsev, M L Kurzin, I Y Sharapov, R E Osmanov, A S O Ibiev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cognitive reserve allows the human body to cope with the consequences of diseases and brain injuries. However, the predictive ability of cognitive reserve among patients with brain injuries and visual organ pathology regarding motor-cognitive risk syndrome has not been studied in practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of cognitive reserve in the prevalence of motor-cognitive risk syndrome after traumatic brain injury and eye injury and ophthalmopathology in old age. To achieve this goal, three representative groups of patients aged 60-74 years were formed: group 1 - patients with eye injury and ophthalmopathology (n=108), group 2 - patients with traumatic brain injury (n=112), group 3 - patients with combined traumatic brain injury and eye injury and ophthalmopathology (n=105). In all groups of patients, the level of cognitive reserve and the prevalence of motor cognitive risk syndrome were determined in the first three days, 1 month later, 3 months later, and 6 months after injury. Regression method and using the program Statistica 10.0 mathematical models have been developed to predict the prevalence of motor cognitive risk syndrome depending on the level of cognitive reserve. It was found that in the first three days after receiving eye injury and ophthalmopathology, traumatic brain injury and combined traumatic brain injury and eye injury and ophthalmopathology, the level of cognitive reserve was 81,5±2,3; 64,1±1,9 and 60,8±1,5 points, respectively, and the prevalence of motor cognitive risk syndrome during this period was 23,1±1,4; 48,2±2,7 and 58,1±2,3 per 100 subjects, respectively (p<0,01). In subsequent follow-up periods, there was a significant increase in cognitive reserve in the first and second groups, but the prevalence of motor-cognitive risk syndrome significantly decreased only after 3 months among patients with eye injury and ophthalmopathology and with traumatic brain injury and remained high and unchanged among patients with combined traumatic brain injury and eye injury and ophthalmopathology (p>0,05). Regression models have been developed for patients with eye injury and ophthalmopathology, traumatic brain injury, combined traumatic brain injury and eye injury and ophthalmopathology to predict the prevalence of motor cognitive risk syndrome depending on the level of cognitive reserve. Consequently, the level of cognitive reserve makes it possible to predict the formation of motor-cognitive risk syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"38 4","pages":"488-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}