{"title":"La nouvelle articulation salaire, profit, rente dans le capitalisme cognitif","authors":"C. Vercellone","doi":"10.3166/EJESS.20.45-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/EJESS.20.45-64","url":null,"abstract":"Dans le passage au capitalisme cognitif, les transformations de l'organisation sociale de la production sont etroitement associees a celles de la repartition du revenu. Au centre de cette evolution se trouve le retour en force et la multiplication des formes de la rente. Cet article propose une lecture marxiste du sens et des enjeux de ces mutations. L'analyse s'articulera en deux parties. Dans la premiere partie, nous reviendrons tout d'abord sur la definition marxienne du salaire, de la rente et du profit. Puis nous porterons notre attention sur certains developpements de Marx dans le livre III du Capital lorsqu'il ebauche une theorie du devenir rente du capital, theorie qui peut etre mise en relation et donner un eclairage nouveau a l'actualite de l'hypothese du general intellect. Sur cette base theorique, dans la deuxieme partie, nous developperons une analyse des transformations du rapport capital-travail qui, dans la transition du capitalisme industriel vers le capitalisme cognitif, ont conduit a la fois a une montee en puissance de la rente et a un effritement de la distinction entre rente et profit.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114718122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolutionary Dynamics of the Transitions across the Nash equilibria of a Tacit Coordination Game","authors":"Jasmina Arifovic","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001100","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate evolutionary adaptation in a repeated coor- dination game with strategic uncertainty. The game is characterized by multiplicity of stationary and cyclical Nash equilibria. Monomorphic equilibria of the game are neutrally stable. The results of simulations in which players use the genetic algorithm to update their strategies show that, regardless of the number of players that participate in the game, any equilibrium can be reached. However, the time spent in high eort equilibria is negatively related to the number of players. Finally, regardless of the group size, players play best response actions most of the time. The dynamics of our model capture the main features of the behavior observed in the experiments with human subjects. As the evolutionary dynamics generate persistent fluctuations in the level of eort, these results are also relevant for macroeconomic models with strategic complementarities where fluctuations in economic activity can occur as a result of shifts in agents' expectations. Classication Codes. D0, E32, E39, Z00.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114956250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collective Learning and the Theory of the Firm","authors":"N. Lazaric, Edward N. Lorenz","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121197626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Debt level and company efficiency: independence or implication? An evaluation of fuzzy implications","authors":"A. Couturier, B. Fioleau","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000105","url":null,"abstract":"This paper suggests a way of measuring the strength of an implica- tion to evaluate the influence of the financing structure chosen by company on its effi- ciency and profitability. The first part describes the semantics of the fuzzy implication applied to continuous variables. The results of three single implication measurements between two criteria are then analyzed on a sample population of 140 companies.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123326366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A model of market-making","authors":"N. Vriend","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001104","url":null,"abstract":"The two essential features of a decentralized economy taken into account are, first, that individual agents need some information about other agents in order to meet potential trading partners, which requires some communication or interaction between these agents, and second, that in general agents will face trading uncertainty. We consider trade in a homogeneous commodity. Firms decide upon their effective supplies, and may create their own markets by sending information signals communicating their willingness to sell. Meeting of potential trading partners is arranged in the form of shopping by consumers. The questions to be considered are: How do firms compete in such markets? And what are the properties of an equilibrium? We establish existence conditions for a symmetric Nash equilibrium in the firms' strategies, and analyze its characteristics. The developed framework appears to lend itself well to study many typical phenomena of decentralized economies, such as the emergence of central markets, the role of middlemen, and price-making.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125514620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the qualitative properties in system dynamics models","authors":"J. Aracil","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:1999100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:1999100","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes that the concept of 'qualitative' developed around the qualitative theory of nonlinear dynamical systems be applied to the field of system dynamics in order to provide a more solid foundation for the use of the qualitative in this field. The advantages of the use of qualitative concepts are ana- lyzed both from a conceptual and an operational point of view. A preliminary stage in the world modeling process is used to illustrate this proposal.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129306219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organisational Routines In the Light of 'Old' Evolutionary Economics : Bringing Politics Back into the Study of Organisational Learning","authors":"Edward N. Lorenz","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000117","url":null,"abstract":"Research in organisational behaviour has largely focused on the cognitive features of organisational routines and learning to the neglect of their political determinants. This paper draws inspiration from J.R. Commons' theory of institutional change to develop a more integrated account giving due weight to the political dimension. The first section of the text develops the key analytical distinc- tion Commons makes between habit and custom. Habit, much as the notion of rou- tine, refers to repeated behaviour and to the individual learning processes that account for its emergence. Custom refers to the collective sanctions and pressures which channel such individual learning processes in socially acceptable directions. The paper shows how this distinction allows Commons to analyse the way repeated behaviour at the individual level is embedded in a wider group or social context. The second section of the text turns to Common's theory of dispute resolution. It is argued that his analysis contains the elements of a theory of organisational change, or of the processes which change routines, that involves a constant interplay between centralised intervention and the unplanned local emergence of practices and behaviours.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129904241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Penser la crise et la sortie de crise. Les apports de André Orléan, et au-delà","authors":"Andrea Fumagalli, Stefano Lucarelli","doi":"10.3166/EJESS.24.195-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/EJESS.24.195-210","url":null,"abstract":"Orlean’s research has its first references in the notions of uncertainty, mimetism, convention and self-referentiality of markets. We will discuss the theoretical categories that Orlean used. Secondly, we will present his analysis of the current financial and economic crisis. Finally we will discuss the possible scenarios to overcome the crisis and the emergence of new “financial conventions” based on the predation of the Common. It is strong the need of a democratic process that could lead to new institutional mechanisms towards a collective evaluation that is alternative to the financial logic. We have a close questioning of the political problems posed by scholars from the theoretical tradition of the Italian Workerism when they focus on the “Institution of the Common”.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132123198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Customerized\" innovation through the emergence of a mutually adaptive and learning environment","authors":"S. Harkema, W. Baets","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2001111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2001111","url":null,"abstract":"– This paper describes an experimental approach to model an innovation process on the basis of principles and concepts of complexity theory and its possible implications on the outcome of the innovation process. It is part of ongoing research carried out at the University of Nyenrode in the Netherlands, at the Nyenrode Institute of Virtual Education and Knowledge Management. In this paper the intricate and complex relation underlying the process of new product development and customer response, is the focus of attention. This relation is primarily defined as a process of knowledge management and mutual learning (Baets, 1998). In addition innovation is defined as a process of “manageable chaos” (adapted from Quinn, 1985). This means that innovation is conceptualized as a process of interaction and subsequent knowledge flows between people that are organized in a network and form a complex system. In the sixties Simon, one of the founders of complexity theory, defined a complex system as one made up of many parts that have many intricate interactions. An alternative will be brought forward to model innovation processes. Instead of defining innovation success in terms of organizational characteristics or factors linked to the success rate of a product innovation; the latter will be modeled as the outcome of interaction among a variety of agents that pursue strategies in a co-evolutionary process with each other. Classification Codes: M21.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"5 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131726205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pruning neural networks by minimization of the estimated variance","authors":"P. Morgan, B. Curry, M. Beynon","doi":"10.1051/EJESS:2000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/EJESS:2000104","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a series of results on a method of pruning neural networks. An approximation to the estimated variance of errors, V, is constructed containing a supplementary parameter, a - the estimated variance itself being the limit of the function, V, as a tends to zero. The network weights are fitted using a minimization algorithm with V as objective function. The parameter, a, is reduced successively in the course of fitting. Results are presented using synthetic functions and the well-known airline passenger data. We find, for example, that the network can discover, in the course of being pruned, evidence of redundancy in the variables.","PeriodicalId":352454,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Economic and Social Systems","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130830738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}