Psychiatria Hungarica最新文献

{"title":"[A national survey of the practice of adjudication of the legality of involuntary psychiatric admissions].","authors":"Brigitta Baran, Laura Lencse, Alíz Szabó, Ferenc Ádám Szabó, Gábor Gazdag","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The non-litigation legal proceeding, known as \"judicial review\" is intended to ensure that people receiving psychiatric treatment in Hungary are not subject to any discrimination and that their freedom is restricted only within the limits of the law. At the same time, this proceeding constitutes the legal framework for involuntary psychiatric treatment of patients who, as a result of their acute mental disorder, exhibit so-called \"direct threatening behavior\". The vast majority of complaints about psychiatric care are understandably related to the judicial review and the resulting treatment or the lack thereof. Over the past decade, the problems with the judicial review have attracted particular attention from the Hungarian psychiatric profession, the courts, and NGOs dealing with patients' rights, resulting in complaints to, and subsequent investigations by the Ombudsman. The authors assessed the staff provision and the current practice of the judicial review in acute psychiatric wards providing involuntary treatment in Hungary.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors sent a 23-item questionnaire on all aspects of the practice of the judicial review to all acute psychiatric wards (n=48).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three (77%) of the 48 psychiatric wards returned the completed questionnaires. The survey revealed a need for change and standardization in a number of areas, including staffing conditions and the whole practice of the judicial review.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high response rate and the comments on the local characteristics of the judicial review indicate the high level of professional interest of the Hungarian psychiatric community in the judicial review of involuntary treatment and the expressed need for change resulting in its modernization and standardization. The authors set out the steps to be taken by all parties (psychiatric profession, courts, legislators) to ensure that the judicial review can fully achieve its objective: the protection of the fundamental rights of psychiatric patients and the possibility of their lawful treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"40 1","pages":"19-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Phenomenology of Redeployed Psychiatric Nurses].","authors":"Ilona Liliána Birtalan, József Rácz, Oguz Kelemen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global coronavirus outbreak posed a threat to healthcare providers. This study explored how psychiatric nurses (PNs) perceived their redeployment experiences.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Using a phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with PNs deployed to care for COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Our findings suggest that three themes emerge from the data: (1) Awareness of the mental health perspective, as a reference (2) Operating inside the community as opposed to maximizing functioning (3) Professional understanding of evidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To enhance future healthcare responses, it's vital to recognize psychiatric nurses' expertise in managing mental health crises, delirium, and altered mental states, ensuring comprehensive emergency care.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"40 1","pages":"60-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Escape from Personality: The Life, Work, and Illness of John Berryman].","authors":"József Gerevich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The psychobiographical analysis of John Berryman's life story aims to bridge the gap between his life's work and his life story; to shed light on the psychological background of his dream songs and other poems, to make his confession intelligible, and to explore whether his psychiatric-dictatorial illness contributed to the genesis and thematic content of his works. It was also questioned whether his literary activity influenced his illness in any direction. The compulsive recollection of his father's suicide was a significant source of motivation for the creation of many of his poems. He was in conflict with his mother over the death of his father. His attachment phobia was due to the traumatogenic influence of his parents; he was unable to dissolve with his wife in any of his three marriages. Although his poetry became more precise as he grew older, his poetry did not contribute to an effective elaboration of early trauma. Part of the reason for this was that he saw literary creation as an escape from his personality, not as an expression of himself. His personality was characterised by a fatal attraction to self-destruction. The dichotomy of the boisterous and the quiet Berryman runs through his biography, until at the end of his life his boisterousness gradually disappeared. From the life history data, the dynamics of a progressive, increasingly severe alcoholism emerge. Alcohol helped him to escape from his personality and to maintain the proximity to death that drove his creativity. His alcoholism and his poetry grew out of the same roots, drinking and writing dream songs were two manifestations of the same compulsion. Her illness was dominated by the self-destructive triad (trait-aggression, bipolar illness, addiction) observed in Sylvia Plath, Robert Lowell and Ann Sexton. At the end of his life, he was converted in AA and came closer to the image of God he had constructed. He only got to the fourth of the twelve steps of AA. His unresolved traumas, alco holism and the lyricism of near death contributed to his suicide. Berryman's literary self-revelations shared with his readers behaviours, fantasies and biographical events that are usually surrounded by a sense of shame. In this sense, many of his poems can be seen as confessional.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"40 1","pages":"84-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Fathers and Their Adult Autistic Sons. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of a Lifelong Experience].","authors":"Borbála Gabriella Koltai, Eszter Pados, József Rácz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Autism is a unique pathway of human development, rooted in the atypical development and functioning of the neurocognitive system. Its lifelong nature affects not only the individual but also the lives of family members. Although an increasing number of studies address the experiences of parents raising autistic children, the fathers' perspective - particularly in the context of adult autistic children - remains underexplored. This study aims to explore the experiences and meaning-making processes of fathers raising autistic children, from early childhood through adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with ten fathers whose sons had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and had reached the age of 18. The interview data were analysed using the method of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four main group experiential themes were identified, revealing experiences that deeply influenced participants' parental roles and identities: (1) Dual control: A revolving cycle around losing and regaining control; (2) Crossing boundaries: accep ting and adapting; (3) Being in the world as a father: experiences of eternality and liminality; and (4) Personal growth through pervading experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fathers' experiences were fundamentally shaped by the unpredictability of the future and the lack of systemic support. Our findings may inform the development of support services that are sensitively attuned to the specific needs of fathers raising autistic children.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"40 1","pages":"32-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[What is adult ADHD after all?]","authors":"Tünde Kilencz, Sára Bálint, Beatrix Mersich, Szilvia Papp, Ákos Ferencz, Lívia Balogh, Attila József Pulay, Kinga Farkas, János Réthelyi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset mental disorder, demonstrates genetical effects, and is characterized by attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. While ADHD was previously only considered a childhood disorder, longitudinal studies over the past decades have proven that in a significant number of cases, the symptoms of the disorder can also be detected in adulthood, and therefore affects 2-4% of the adult population. In Hungary, adult ADHD programs started about 20 years ago and has been able to provide help to many adults living with ADHD. However, this form of care needs further development in many aspects and suffers from capacity deficits at the national level. On July 4-6, 2023 we organized a CME course on adult ADHD at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Semmelweis University. The objective of this course was to deepen the knowledge of participants and alleviate care difficulties in the long term through the sharing of information and good practices. As part of this, a narrative review was written, which touches on the current issues of diagnosing and treating ADHD in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 1","pages":"80-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Munchausen by proxy qualitative case analysis].","authors":"Petra N Tamás, Anna Lisincki, Éva Jekkel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 1977, Meadow coined the term Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP) to describe a situation in which a parent or caregiver fabricates or induces illness in a child, leading to painful diagnostic procedures and hospital treatments. This can result in both short- and long-term psychological and physiological damage, with potentially severe consequences.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The aim of this study, beyond summarizing the existing literature, is to explore the underlying personality traits, psychological mechanisms, motives, and dynamics associated with MSBP through two case analyses. These analyses are based on a thematic content analysis of exploratory interview material and the results of psychological personality tests (Rorschach, MMPI, SCID-II).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The thematic analysis of the two interviews identified the following common main themes: Background and pre-existing life events (e.g., loss as a traumatic event); Indicators of Munchausen by Proxy (e.g., manipulation of medical records or samples); Personality traits (e.g., theatricality, manipulative behavior, trivialization, relationship dependency, egocentricity); Motivating factors and consequences of Munchausen by Proxy (e.g., illness-related secondary gain).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both cases shared a history of multiple traumatic events prior to the onset of MSBP-such as bereavement, miscarriage, and abuse - which likely had a significant impact on their personality and emotional state. Another common factor was the close, intense, and symbiotic relationship with the child. However, the cases differed in the degree of aggression involved in inducing illness in the child. In both cases, a diagnosis of personality disorder was confirmed, predominantly with histrionic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 4","pages":"381-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Introduction of the Low and Medium Security Psychiatry Unit at the Nyírô Gyula National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictology].","authors":"Luca Caspar, Péter Srádi, Gábor Gaszner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under the direction of the National Directorate General for Hospitals, and based on British examples and methodology, a new inpatient psychiatric ward with a high security level started operating at the National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictology in October 2023. As a new, independent unit, the High Security Psychiatry is a niche in Hungarian psychiatric care. The aim of the project was to reduce the burden on the whole mental health care system in Hungary, to increase public confidence in care and the safety of society through organizing of a specialised care team operating in an appropriate infrastructural environment. The creation of the department was preceded by a process that started in 2017, including the drafting of the necessary legislation to ensure operation, the creation of the infrastructural background, the training of specialised staff, the development of a professional protocol and a risk assessment and referral system, and the establishment of a funding mechanism. In this paper, we would like to describe the professional and environmental conditions and patient care arrangements in our department, looking at the operation of similar forms of care in other countries, mentioning our experience to date and our hopes for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 3","pages":"242-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The effects of changes in attitudes toward masculinity in the psychotherapy of depression].","authors":"Bence Szerdahelyi, Zsuzsanna Almássy, Anita Szemán-Nagy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent decades, serious changes have been observed in social gender roles. More and more publications have been published regarding the connection between masculinity and mental disorders. Most of the professional guidelines related to major depression have not been adapted yet to social changes in gender roles, or only to a small extent.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The authors of the article present the possible influence of masculinity on psychotherapies, focusing on clients suffering from major depressive disorder.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In our manuscript, we first summarize the psychosocial changes that affect the male gender role in Western societies. After that, we review the possible impact of this transformation on psychotherapies. We mainly deal with the relationship between the onset of major depressive disorder and the male gender role. At the end of our publication, we make recommendations on how to integrate our knowledge of masculinity into the context of therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individual socialization differences related to the male gender role and social expectations can greatly influence the appearance of mental illnesses. Internalized and externalized symptoms should also be taken into account in the recognition and treatment of major depressive disorder. Positive masculinity as a therapeutic framework can be successfully combined with specific psychotherapies in order to personalize the healing process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In recent years, mental health care sensitive to gender roles has gained more and more space. Although we already have more and more information about how masculinization affects the clinical picture of mental illness, such as major depressive disorder, further studies are needed for more effective diagnosis and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 2","pages":"180-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Psychological interventions in the field of neurotraumatology during the acute care].","authors":"Noémi Mónika Szeifert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurotrauma means head or spine injury caused by an external force. Neurotraumatology care requires coordinated teamwork on the part of specialists, including psychological care as part of the multidisciplinary treatment team. Psychological interventions in the field of neurotraumatology aim to address the psychological consequences and challenges associated with head or spine injury. These interventions play a vital role in crisis intervention, promoting recovery, enhancing quality of life, and supporting individuals and their families in coping with the psychological impact of neurotrauma. Serious physical injuries always cause severe psychological consequences, both in short and long term. A critical accident is a sudden, unexpected, often directly life-threatening event that exceeds the individual's ability to respond and can create a potential crisis response, including suicidal risk, as well as the development of psychological disorders, in most cases acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological interventions in neurotraumatology are often provided by a multidisciplinary team that may include psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and other healthcare professionals. These interventions are tailored to the unique needs and circumstances of each individual, with the goal of reducing psychological symptomps, promoting psychological well-being, adjustment, and overall recovery following neurotrauma. It is essential that not only patients who have experienced severe physical trauma, but also their family members have access to expert psychological support. This study summarizes psychological interventions during the treatment of neurotaruma patients at the intensive care unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 2","pages":"142-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the classical to the modern view of suicide. Analysis of Esquirol's work on suicide.","authors":"Mátyás Mészáros, Péter Osváth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 1838, Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol published his book Des Maladies Mentales, which has been widely cited ever since in the literature dealing with the problem of suicide. Based on his clinical experience, he summarized the psychiatric knowledge of his time, and up to that time, devoting a special attention and a chapter to suicide. In this study, we shall be analysing this chapter in the Des Maladies Mentales, which sometimes contradicts itself, in the sense of the criterion system of modern suicide research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We shall be showing the chapters, highlighting the key statements Esquirol did, and showing the modern research of the problems mentioned. Our goal is to demonstrate the parallel nature of the contemporary and the 19th century theories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This comparison shows how Esquirol's work laid the foundation and initiated the development of suicidology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In his approach, which often seems inconsistent and not without contradictions, Esquirol pointed out the complex issues of suicide research with maximum sensitivity and scientific thoroughness.</p>","PeriodicalId":35063,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatria Hungarica","volume":"39 3","pages":"227-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}