[The avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: a new feeding and eating disorder in the diagnostic systems].

Q4 Medicine
Psychiatria Hungarica Pub Date : 2025-01-01
Orsolya Demetrovics, Zsolt Demetrovics
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Avoidant-restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) was included in the fifth edition of the DSM in 2013 and in the BNO-11 diagnostic manual in 2019. Prior to this, the problem was often unrecognised or diagnosed as an eating disorder not otherwise specified or feeding and eating disorders of infancy or early childhood. The new diagnosis allows for better targeting of patients who have not been diagnosed earlier, as well as for the diagnosis of patients over the age of six. The authors, in their review, describe the diagnostic features and symptom profile of ARFID, and they discuss the role of the main etiological factors involved in its development, such as sensory hypersensitivity, congenitally strong aversive and neophobic reactions, cognitive rigidity, high levels of anxiety, relative insensitivity to interoceptive cues of hunger, and characteristic taste and smell preferences. Different treatment options are also discussed. Although there are still gaps in evidence-based treatments due to the short history of the diagnosis, some existing therapies with some modifications or newer approaches may be well suited to treat ARFID. In addition to cognitive behavioural therapy, exposure therapy, and family-based treatment approaches with modifications, the importance of psychoeducation of parents and a family-tailored treatment plan is emphasised. The authors highlight that effective approaches to ARFID are often counter-intuitive, making it of paramount importance to gain the trust and cooperation of parents.

[回避/限制性食物摄入障碍:诊断系统中的一种新的进食障碍]。
回避-限制性食物摄入障碍(ARFID)于2013年被列入第五版DSM,并于2019年被列入BNO-11诊断手册。在此之前,这个问题经常被忽视或诊断为没有特别说明的饮食失调或婴儿期或幼儿期的喂养和饮食失调。新的诊断允许更好地针对那些没有被早期诊断的患者,以及对6岁以上患者的诊断。作者在他们的综述中描述了ARFID的诊断特征和症状特征,并讨论了其发展中涉及的主要病因因素的作用,例如感觉超敏反应,先天性强烈的厌恶和新事物反应,认知僵化,高度焦虑,对饥饿的内感受性线索相对不敏感,以及特征的味觉和嗅觉偏好。还讨论了不同的治疗方案。尽管由于诊断历史较短,在循证治疗方面仍存在差距,但一些现有的治疗方法经过一些修改或更新的方法可能非常适合治疗ARFID。除了认知行为疗法、暴露疗法和以家庭为基础的治疗方法外,还强调了父母心理教育和家庭定制治疗计划的重要性。作者强调,ARFID的有效方法往往是反直觉的,因此获得父母的信任和合作至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Psychiatria Hungarica
Psychiatria Hungarica Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
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