IET Smart Cities最新文献

{"title":"A Plug&Play approach for modeling and simulating applications in the era of internet of social things","authors":"Zakaria Maamar,&nbsp;Mohamed Sellami,&nbsp;Fatma Masmoudi,&nbsp;Muhammad Asim,&nbsp;Abdul Haseeb,&nbsp;Thar Baker,&nbsp;Fadwa Yahya","doi":"10.1049/smc2.12005","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.12005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents an approach to model and simulate Plug&amp;Play social things. Confined into silos, existing (not social) things are restricted to basic operations like sensing and actuating, which deprive them from participating in the satisfaction of complex business applications. Contrarily, social things are expected to engage in collaborative scenarios and to tap into specific relations that connect them to peers when achieving these scenarios. These relations are referred to as complimentary, antagonism, and competition, and allow to develop networks of things. To capitalize on such networks, the approach to model and simulate Plug&amp;Play social things puts forward four stages that are referred to as connecting to demystify social relations between things, influencing to examine the impact of social relations on things, playing to make things perform while considering influence, and incentivizing to reward things based on their performance. A smart system for elderly the care centers has been developed to showcase the technical doability of Plug&amp;Play social things. The system is an integrated development environment allowing IoT engineers to define the collaboration of social things, thanks to a set of drag&amp;drop operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"3 1","pages":"29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.12005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47964120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest editorial: Selected papers from the International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health","authors":"Hamdi Aloulou,&nbsp;Mohamed Jmaiel,&nbsp;Mounir Mokhtari,&nbsp;Bessam Abdulrazak,&nbsp;Slim Kallel","doi":"10.1049/smc2.12007","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.12007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The International Conference on Smart Living and Public Health (ICOST, www.icost-society.org) provides a premier venue for the presentation and discussion of research in the design, development, deployment, and evaluation of artificial intelligence (AI) for health, smart urban environments, assistive technologies, chronic disease management, and coaching and health telematics systems. ICOST focuses on analysing the impact of ICTs on public health and the wellbeing of citizens all over the world. For more than a decade and a half, the ICOST conference has succeeded in bringing together a community from different continents and has raised awareness about frail and dependent people's quality of life in our societies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This special issue presents extended versions of selected papers from the 18th edition of the ICOST conference. The issue contains four papers presented at the conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, Internet of Things and AI solutions for E-health and Wellbeing Technologies topics.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Khriji et al. in their paper entitled “Automatic heart disease class detection using convolutional neural network architecture-based various optimizers-networks” propose a deep learning architecture for automatic classification of the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) signal into a specific class according to American National Standards Institute – Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standards. This enables automatic arrhythmia heart disease detection at an early stage, which is of high interest because it helps to reduce the mortality rate for cardiac disease patients. The proposed approach is validated through different ECG databases. Experimental results show high achievement compared with state-of-the-art models. Implementation on graphical processing units confirms the low computational complexity of the system and its possible use in detecting disease events in real time, which makes it a good candidate for portable health care devices.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ben Ida et al. in their paper “Adaptative vital signs monitoring system based on the early warning scoring approach in smart hospital context” present an edge-based early warning score (EWS) that respects a risk evaluation approach named NEWS2. The proposed approach allows the prediction of patients' risk level based on collected vital signs data. The paper proposes an adaptative configuration of the vital signs monitoring process depending on variations in the patient’s health status and the medical staff’s decisions. The authors also propose an intelligent notification mechanism that reduces the delay of medical staff intervention in case of risk detection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sellami et al. in their paper entitled “A Plug&amp;Play Approach for Modelling and Simulating Applications in the Era of Internet of Social Things” presents an approach to model and simulate Plug&amp;Play social things. Social things engage in collaborative scenarios that expose specific relations connectin","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.12007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45318444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptative vital signs monitoring system based on the early warning score approach in smart hospital context","authors":"Imen Ben Ida,&nbsp;Moez Balti,&nbsp;Sondes Chaabane,&nbsp;Abderrazak Jemai","doi":"10.1049/smc2.12004","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.12004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Changes in vital signs are an important indicator of physiological decline and provide opportunities for early recognition and intervention. The collected vital signs data can be evaluated using several approaches such as the Early warning score (EWS) approach to predict the risk level of patients. By exploring the Internet of things (IoT), vital signs monitoring solutions are automated based on various medical devices and sensors. However, there is a lack of efficient tools that enable an adaptative monitoring depending on the patient situations. This article explores the IoT technologies to provide an EWS system in smart hospital situation. The proposed solution presents an adaptative configuration of the vital signs monitoring process depending on the patient’s health status variation and the medical staff decisions. Also, an intelligent notification mechanism that reduces the delay of the medical staff intervention in the case of risk detection is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"3 1","pages":"16-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.12004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48703715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orchestration-based mechanism for sampling adaptation in sensing-based applications","authors":"H. Harb,&nbsp;H. Baalbaki,&nbsp;C. Abou Jaoude,&nbsp;A. Jaber","doi":"10.1049/smc2.12002","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.12002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, the world witnesses a boom in the sensing-based applications where the number of connected devices is becoming higher than the people. Such small sensing devices are now deployed in billions around the world, collecting data about the surroundings and reporting them to the data analysis centres. This fact allows a better understanding of the world and helps to reduce the effects of potential risks. However, while the benefits of such devices are real and significant, sensing-based applications face two major challenges: big data collection and restricted power of sensor battery. In order to overcome these challenges, data reduction and sampling sensor adaptation techniques have been proposed to reduce data collection and to save the sensor energy. The authors propose an orchestration-based mechanism (OM) for adapting the sampling rate of the sensors in the network. OM is two-fold: first, it proposes a data transmission model at the sensor level, based on the clustering and Spearman coefficient, in order to reduce the amount of data transmitted to the sink; second, it proposes a sampling rate mechanism at the cluster-head level that allows searching the similarity between data collected by the neighbouring sensors, and then to adapt their sensing frequencies accordingly. A set of simulations on real sensor data have been conducted to evaluate the efficiency of OM, in terms of data reduction and energy conservation, compared to other exiting techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"3 3","pages":"158-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.12002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43659905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alternative reliability method to evaluate the regional traffic congestion from GPS data obtained from floating cars","authors":"Wubei Yuan,&nbsp;Ping Wang,&nbsp;Jingwen Yang,&nbsp;Yun Meng","doi":"10.1049/smc2.12001","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.12001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fast and reliable evaluation of regional traffic congestion is beneficial to more effective traffic control. Based on data accumulation in modern society, more and more data-driven methods are proposed. However, it is still not easy to process the raw data to an interpretable level in practical applications. In this article, the GPS data are obtained from floating cars covering a large scale region in Xi'an, China. To link the original data to the spatiotemporal relationship of driving behaviour, a pre-processing method with specified time–frequency rules is proposed. Through map matching and landmark mapping, it can be seen that the data dispersion degree has decreased and the quality of the original data has been improved. At the same time, deep learning methods and non-parametric survival analysis methods are used to compare and evaluate traffic congestion. In addition, four different distributions (Exponential, Weibull, Log-normal, and Log-logistic) are tested to fit the accelerated failure time model (AFT), which is then compared with the Cox proportional hazards model (Cox). It is concluded that the most suitable parameter model for the test section of Xi'an South Second Ring Road is AFT (Lognormal). All those methods are tested on a randomly selected segment on the ring road in Xi'an. The results suggest dramatic improvement of data quality and successful evaluation of traffic conditions with high reliability. Potential application could be effective methods for traffic control and management in the smart city.</p>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"3 2","pages":"79-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.12001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43880641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bristol's smart city agenda: vision, strategy, challenges and implementation","authors":"Freyja Lockwood","doi":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0063","DOIUrl":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This case study explores Bristol's goal to create a smart city, anchored by a 30-year city vision and the vital role digital connectivity and smart city technologies play. It describes Bristol's 2050 One City Plan, where city partners are collaboratively shaping the city through place-based leadership, community involvement and co-production, and Bristol City Council's complementary smart city strategy – Connecting Bristol. This digital agenda supports by developing the ‘foundations’ required to become a data-enabled city with world-class connectivity and inclusive public services; elements which enable many One City goals. It examines the importance of a challenge-led, people-focused approach with responsible innovation practices that ensure digital initiatives align with the One City Plan's equitable goals and values. Implementation strategies, including an ‘innovation ambition’ matrix used to manage a portfolio of smart city initiatives, and challenges are described along with the need for inclusive infrastructure and ethical data practices. The emerging role for local government in shaping a trusted smart city is explored. This study ends by discussing Covid-19 and economic recovery, in response to which the Council seeks to become a more agile, streamlined organisation, and concludes by highlighting the need to keep people at the heart of ‘smart’ city development.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"2 4","pages":"208-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46679431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PowerNet: a smart energy forecasting architecture based on neural networks","authors":"Yao Cheng,&nbsp;Chang Xu,&nbsp;Daisuke Mashima,&nbsp;Partha P. Biswas,&nbsp;Geetanjali Chipurupalli,&nbsp;Bin Zhou,&nbsp;Yongdong Wu","doi":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0003","DOIUrl":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Electricity demand forecasting is a critical task for efficient, reliable and economical operation of the power grid, which is one of the most essential building blocks of smart cities. Accurate forecasting allows grid operators to properly maintain the balance of supply and demand as well as to optimize operational cost for generation and transmission. This article proposes a novel neural network architecture <i>PowerNet</i> which can incorporate multiple heterogeneous features such as historical energy consumption data, weather data and calendar information for the demand forecasting task. Using real-world smart meter dataset, we conduct an extensive evaluation to show the advantages of <i>PowerNet</i> over recently-proposed machine learning methods such as Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). <i>PowerNet</i> demonstrates notable performance in reducing both the median and worst-case prediction errors when forecasting demands of individual residential households. We further provide empirical results concerning the two operational considerations that are crucial when using <i>PowerNet</i> in practice: the time horizon the model can predict with a decent accuracy and the frequency of training the model to retain its modeling capability. Finally, we briefly discuss a multi-layer anomaly/electricity-theft detection approach based on <i>PowerNet</i> demand forecasting.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"2 4","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46926683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARGON – Smart energy domain ontology","authors":"Maliheh Haghgoo,&nbsp;Ilya Sychev,&nbsp;Antonello Monti,&nbsp;Frank H.P. Fitzek","doi":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0049","DOIUrl":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The internet of things (IoT) is a paradigm where the fragmentation of standards, platforms, services, and technologies, often scattered among different vertical domains. Consequently, the smart energy system is one of the vertical domains in which IoT technology is investigated. At the early stages of studying the IoT domains that deal with big data and interoperability, a semantic layer can be served to approach the difficulty of heterogeneity in information and data representation from IoT devices. In 2015, smart appliance reference ontology (SAREF) was introduced to interconnect data of smart devices and facilitate the communication between IoT devices that use different protocols and standards. The modular design of SAREF concedes the definition of any new vertical domain describing functions that the devices perform. In this study, SARGON – SmArt eneRGy dOmain oNtology is offered which extends SAREF to cross-cut domain-specific information representing the smart energy domain and includes building and electrical grid automation together. SARGON ontology is powered by smart energy standards and IoT initiatives, as well as real use cases. It involves classes, properties, and instances explicitly created to cover the building and electrical grid automation domain. This study exhibits the development of SARGON and demonstrates it through a web application.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"2 4","pages":"191-198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45863589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why are smart cities proving to be so hard to deliver?","authors":"David Cleevely CBE FREng","doi":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0084","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;There are no smart cities on our planet. Some may claim to be smart, but none of them come close to implementing a fraction of the technology and systems set out by this journal or indeed by any other journals and organisations dedicated to promoting the concept.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Perhaps it is time we asked ourselves why this is the case. After all the idea has been around for decades and in that time we have seen revolutions sweep through manufacturing, retail and sectors such as telecoms and IT. There are plenty of technologies available for deployment. So are Smart Cities a bad idea? Is it that developing a Smart City just takes time? Or is there something preventing them from emerging?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I think something is preventing us from implementing the ideas embodied in the phrase ‘Smart City’ and unless we address it progress will be painfully slow or non-existent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eric Beinhocker in his book ‘The Origin of Wealth’ sets out three ingredients for economic growth: Technology, Governance and Business Models. He argues that you need all three to make progress. No amount of technology and entrepreneurial ambition will generate wealth if there are no property rights, laws or regulations governing the market. And if the Business Model doesn't make sense then you can't create companies and generate new value. We are missing both the Governance and the Business Models for Smart Cities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Let's look at Governance first. Cities are a complex mess of developers, businesses, private individuals, local government, and public institutions. Many of these interests have narrow goals. The role of Governance in this case is to align these narrow goals and to ensure that each actor bears the true cost and receives the true benefit. Technically this might seem straight forward. After all isn't it obvious that developers impose costs in terms of transport and services and should contribute accordingly?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;It's not so simple. For example, an individual trying to drive to work will not consider the extra congestion they introduce (what economists call an externality). In some cities, congestion charging or other traffic management has been introduced so that the individuals make decisions which are better for the economy and society. In some places (including Cambridge UK where I live) the individual's right to choose to drive has been thought to be more important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We are a long way from having governance models for cities which align incentives and have the various actors paying the true costs and receiving the true benefits. Without the market mechanisms and the regulations and standards by which such markets would operate, it is unlikely that anyone will develop long term viable business models. Without these business models, we will not see the investment needed to create Smart Cities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In telecommunications, where I started my career, the blockages which prevented innovation were solved by creating markets which could operate on agreed standards. Li","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"2 4","pages":"165-166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92301810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decentralised game-theoretic management for a community-based transportation system","authors":"Mohammed Bin Hariz,&nbsp;Dhaou Said,&nbsp;Hussein T. Mouftah","doi":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0046","DOIUrl":"10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The transportation system needs innovative schemes and applications to facilitate mobility in the cities that is user-friendly, easy, enjoyable and convenient according to citizens' constraints. In this study, the authors propose a decentralised architecture-based game-theoretic model for a community-based transportation system. This scheme, which involves multi-transportation forms, allows the user to be an active prosumer who can travel in the city using public and private forms and also make decisions about the trip cost. The authors propose a decentralised game-theoretic transportation algorithm to manage passenger needs, public bus interests, car ride-sharing and bicycle constraints. The simulations prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. The effectiveness of the decentralised game-theoretic transportation model appears more clearly when compared with the multi-mode double dynamic approach in [1], as it gives much better optimisation results.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"2 4","pages":"181-190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/iet-smc.2020.0046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42777088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}