IET Smart Cities最新文献

A Framework for Mapping Socio-Ecological Dynamics to Support Sustainable Post-Mining Regional Transitions 社会生态动态绘图框架以支持可持续的采矿后区域转型

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70016

Yuliang Jiang, Elisa Palazzo, Simit Raval

{"title":"A Framework for Mapping Socio-Ecological Dynamics to Support Sustainable Post-Mining Regional Transitions","authors":"Yuliang Jiang, Elisa Palazzo, Simit Raval","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/smc2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"Mapping socio-ecological dynamics reveals how human and natural systems interact over time, supporting informed planning and balanced regional development. By detecting patterns in these interactions, mapping supports policymakers in navigating complex transitions and guiding sustainable regional planning. These transitions are particularly evident in regions experiencing synchronised coal mine and coal-fired power plant closures. Despite ongoing rehabilitation efforts worldwide, few studies explore how socio-ecological factors interact and evolve or employ mapping as an integrative tool. Directly addressing this gap, this study innovatively introduces a framework that treats coal mines and power plants as a connected nexus, analysing their regional impacts through an integrated mapping approach. This framework combines geospatial mapping with exploratory, causal, and predictive modelling to analyse spatiotemporal shifts in post-mining landscapes. Applied to the Latrobe Valley in Australia, the framework reveals the closure caused sharp declines in income and nighttime light intensity, with no immediate recovery in native vegetation. Projections indicate that without early intervention, the Valley risks deepening regional socioeconomic decline. Translating multifaceted data into an analytical format enables stakeholders to see through complexity, understand interconnected socio-ecological dynamics across phases, and coordinate governance to manage regional changes for balanced development strategies.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards Sustainable Human-Centred Smart Cities—Design Framework and Case Studies for Hong Kong and Riyadh 迈向可持续的以人为本的智慧城市——香港与利雅得的设计框架及个案研究

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70010

Christine Yip, Zhao Yang Dong, Yuechuan Tao, Shuying Lai

{"title":"Towards Sustainable Human-Centred Smart Cities—Design Framework and Case Studies for Hong Kong and Riyadh","authors":"Christine Yip, Zhao Yang Dong, Yuechuan Tao, Shuying Lai","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/smc2.70010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a hybrid human-centred sustainable smart city framework that integrates three key dimensions: Sustainability, Health & Wellbeing and Technologies. The proposed framework uses a hybrid index to evaluate smart city performance across these dimensions, applying a quantitative methodology based on min–max normalisation. By conducting an in-depth comparative analysis of smart city initiatives in Hong Kong and Riyadh, the study illustrates the adaptability of the hybrid framework in distinct urban contexts. Hong Kong’s efforts in integrating (Internet of Things) IoT-based monitoring systems, digital health platforms, and active transportation highlight the focus on health and wellbeing in space-constrained urban environments. In contrast, Saudi Vision 2030 emphasises renewable energy deployment, large-scale smart infrastructure projects, and sustainability measures in Riyadh. Despite the differences in economic and regulatory environments, both cities demonstrate the effectiveness of embedding human-centred principles in urban development. The findings underscore that a balanced integration of technology, sustainability and wellbeing is essential for building resilient, inclusive, and sustainable smart cities, serving as a model for future urban development globally.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145366498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Architecture and Realisation of a Smart City Digital Twin With eHealth Case Studies 智慧城市数字孪生的架构与实现与电子健康案例研究

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70006

Nandana Jayachandran, Atef Abdrabou, Mohammad Al Bataineh, Kamarul Ariffin Noordin

{"title":"An Architecture and Realisation of a Smart City Digital Twin With eHealth Case Studies","authors":"Nandana Jayachandran, Atef Abdrabou, Mohammad Al Bataineh, Kamarul Ariffin Noordin","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"Digital twinning is an advanced technology that involves creating virtual replicas of various physical systems. In smart cities, digital twins serve as digital representations that model and simulate various urban elements, such as environment protection (e.g., air quality), critical infrastructure, transportation networks and other urban management processes. It has recently gained considerable attention for its transformative potential, enabling city authorities to visualise and analyse complex city dynamics for better-informed decision-making. Therefore, this paper proposes a simplified layered architecture for smart city digital twins. The layers of the proposed architecture cover the range of operations required by the functionality of the digital twin and the interaction between them, from data transfer or synthesis to big data streaming and intelligent analytics. The paper also introduces an open-source software tool that realises the proposed architecture, with each layer designed as an independent Python module for easy integration and maintenance. Three case studies are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the tool. One use case addresses short-term forecasting of the air quality index, whereas the other use case targets the detection of an individual's respiratory condition based on data received from wearable devices. The third case combines the other two cases to offer a warning system for residents with medical conditions based on air quality. The results of the case studies show the tool's ability to effectively handle environment and eHealth-related use cases and combine them for the welfare of smart city residents, leading to a more resilient health-focused urban landscape.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145101813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of Analysis System for Driving Behaviour at Bus Stops 公交车站驾驶行为分析系统的设计

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70013

Kuei-Jung Hung, Chia-Ming Tsai, Yun-Chu Tsai, Ya-Wen Hsu, Chiao-Sheng Wang, Chia-Yun Li, Jau-Woei Perng

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Smart City Security: An Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning Methods With the UNB CIC IoT 2023 Dataset 增强智慧城市安全：基于UNB CIC物联网2023数据集的机器学习入侵检测系统

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70014

Mehdi Houichi, Faouzi Jaidi, Adel Bouhoula

{"title":"Enhancing Smart City Security: An Intrusion Detection System Using Machine Learning Methods With the UNB CIC IoT 2023 Dataset","authors":"Mehdi Houichi, Faouzi Jaidi, Adel Bouhoula","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"Smart cities, characterised by their extensive use of IoT devices, aim to enhance urban living through improved efficiency, sustainability and quality of life. However, the widespread integration of IoT technology introduces significant cybersecurity challenges, including vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, data breaches and infrastructure resilience issues. Addressing these challenges is critical to realising the full potential of smart city initiatives. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a vital role in safeguarding smart city environments. Numerous studies have explored various IDS methodologies, yet the dynamic and complex nature of smart city IoT networks demands continuous advancements. In this article, we present a novel IDS approach that leverages machine learning techniques to enhance the detection and prevention of cyber threats in smart cities. Utilising the UNB CIC IoT 2023 Dataset, we develop and evaluate multiple models, including Random Forest Classifier, Decision Tree Classifier, KNN and AdaBoost. Our proposed IDS framework emphasises real-time threat detection ensuring both low latency and high accuracy. Through comprehensive data preprocessing and rigorous model training, our system demonstrates exceptional performance in identifying and neutralising cyber threats. The findings from this research reveal significant improvements in the security and privacy of smart city IoT infrastructures highlighting the effectiveness of integrating advanced AI methodologies.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical Risk Traceability in Smart City KPIs Assessment 智慧城市kpi评估中的道德风险可追溯性

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70012

Martina De Sanctis, Ludovico Iovino, Maria Teresa Rossi

{"title":"Ethical Risk Traceability in Smart City KPIs Assessment","authors":"Martina De Sanctis, Ludovico Iovino, Maria Teresa Rossi","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"The interest in smart city initiatives is continuously growing, and so is the interest in measuring their smartness and sustainability. The value of a Smart City is proved by comparing its results with sustainability goals and by measuring the benefits delivered to stakeholders, citizens and city authorities. For this reason, supporting the monitoring and evolution of smart cities is a challenging and crucial task. This can be accomplished by using key performance indicators (KPIs), which, in turn, inform the decision-making processes of smart city governance. However, ethical implications in KPIs evaluation may be hidden within the measurement process. For example, low trustworthiness of data sources used to collect KPIs input parameters can affect evaluation results without KPIs experts being aware of these implications. Ethical implications that could represent a perceived violation of an ethical value should be highlighted when KPIs results are proposed to stakeholders. In this paper, we have integrated an ethical risk traceability mechanism into MIKADO, a tool that we designed for assessing KPIs in smart cities. This mechanism involves both KPIs and ethics experts in the evaluation process, ensuring that the KPI assessment results—presented through dashboards obtained through code generation—include warnings about potential ethical issues. The extended framework has been evaluated by experts in the field during a dedicated focus group, who confirmed its usefulness in identifying ethical implications in the evaluation of smart city KPIs, with the aim of tracing ethical risks, and supporting ethics experts in carrying out this task.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144920550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to ‘Sense (and) the City: From Internet of Things Sensors and Open Data Platforms to Urban Observatories’ 对“感知（和）城市：从物联网传感器和开放数据平台到城市观测站”的修正

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70011

引用次数: 0

Securing Smart City Ecosystems: A Taxonomy-Based Review of Emerging Technologies and Frameworks for Scalable Collaborative Services 保护智慧城市生态系统：基于分类学的新兴技术和可扩展协作服务框架综述

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70007

Usama Antuley, Sufian Hameed, Shahbaz Siddiqui, Syed Attique Shah

{"title":"Securing Smart City Ecosystems: A Taxonomy-Based Review of Emerging Technologies and Frameworks for Scalable Collaborative Services","authors":"Usama Antuley, Sufian Hameed, Shahbaz Siddiqui, Syed Attique Shah","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70007","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"The smart city concept integrates various collaborative services to enhance urban living. However, these services introduce significant security concerns, especially in authentication, authorisation, and access control (AAA). To address these security challenges, researchers must design and implement frameworks that safeguard data exchange between smart services. This paper offers a taxonomy-based review of current solutions, focusing on how emerging technologies like Blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), quantum computing, and hybrid approaches address AAA concerns. We evaluate these technologies based on key factors such as confidentiality, integrity, availability (CIA), trust, privacy, and scalability. Through a systematic review of literature from 2017 to 2024, we classify and assess methods that strengthen authentication, optimise access control, and refine authorisation processes to mitigate risks in data sharing. A major contribution of this paper is the integration of case studies, demonstrating real-world applications of these technologies in smart city contexts. Additionally, we explore the applicability of these solutions, highlighting their challenges and future potential. This research also outlines future directions for building secure, efficient, and scalable smart city ecosystems, ultimately facilitating the development of adaptable frameworks for smart city services.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Question Answering System for Smart Cities and Urban Planning With The World Avatar 基于世界化身的智慧城市与城市规划问答系统

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70009

Xinhong Deng, Yi-Kai Tsai, Srishti Ganguly, Dan Tran, Hou Yee Quek, Wilson Ang, Shin Zert Phua, Sebastian Mosbach, Jethro Akroyd, Markus Kraft

{"title":"Question Answering System for Smart Cities and Urban Planning With The World Avatar","authors":"Xinhong Deng, Yi-Kai Tsai, Srishti Ganguly, Dan Tran, Hou Yee Quek, Wilson Ang, Shin Zert Phua, Sebastian Mosbach, Jethro Akroyd, Markus Kraft","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"‘Zaha’ is a retrieval-augmented generation question answering system integrated with The World Avatar knowledge graph, designed to support urban planning and smart city initiatives by enabling intuitive natural language queries for complex urban data. Zaha facilitates the querying of diverse domains within the urban environment, offering an accessible and effective tool for urban data analysis. By simplifying access to complex dataset, Zaha addresses a critical barrier in urban planning and management: the need for technical expertise to query data effectively. Urban data, encompassing geospatial, environmental, and regulatory information, is pivotal in informing decision-making processes. However, challenges such as data silos and the technical complexity of query tools and languages hinder the accessibility and utilisation of urban data. The integration of Zaha with The World Avatar knowledge graph further mitigates the issue of data silos by unifying urban data from diverse sources and formats into a single framework. Leveraging knowledge graph technology, Zaha facilitates efficient data retrieval based on the relationships defined between entities. By bridging the gap between data and users, Zaha empowers urban planners and other stakeholders to access and query complex urban data intuitively, enabling them to make informed decisions without requiring technical expertise.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Management in Smart Cities: Leveraging Social Personality Traits 智慧城市的能源管理：利用社会人格特征

IF 2.3

IET Smart Cities Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1049/smc2.70008

Mohammad Bagher Moradi, Mohammad Hassan Nazari, Mohammad Sadegh Ghazizadeh

{"title":"Energy Management in Smart Cities: Leveraging Social Personality Traits","authors":"Mohammad Bagher Moradi, Mohammad Hassan Nazari, Mohammad Sadegh Ghazizadeh","doi":"10.1049/smc2.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1049/smc2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"Microgrids represent a viable approach for supplying energy at an optimised cost. In residential microgrids, neighbours with different personality traits can collaborate in diverse manners. Further, diverse decision-making among neighbours with varying personality traits can influence their collaborative efforts. This paper investigates how neighbours with diverse personality traits collaborate in residential microgrids as a part of a smart city, facilitating energy sharing and cost optimisation in energy supply. The proposed approach in this paper incorporates social behaviour uncertainties into the model and organises cooperation within a game-theoretic framework. This framework seeks to optimise and equitably distribute energy among neighbours while minimising costs, incentivising cooperation and penalising noncooperation based on individual behavioural traits. Furthermore, the proposed approach is implemented in a residential test microgrid using the GAMS CPLEX solver, analysing two distinct scenarios that account for the influence of energy storage on energy transactions. The proposed method establishes average discount and punishment coefficients, enhancing its adaptability to various microgrid configurations. The study also investigates the tradeoff between utility-set energy prices and optimal pricing for neighbours. Simulations show that cooperation enables neighbours to meet excess demand, reducing overall microgrid costs by up to 80%.","PeriodicalId":34740,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Cities","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/smc2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144716488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0