{"title":"ITC India 2020 Table of Contents","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/itcindia49857.2020.9171781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itcindia49857.2020.9171781","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129856577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ITC India 2020 Keyword Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/itcindia49857.2020.9171787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itcindia49857.2020.9171787","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128295611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sourav K. Ghosh, Dolan Maity, Arijit Chowdhury, S. Roy, C. Giri
{"title":"Efficient Fault Detection and Diagnosis of Digital Microfluidic Biochip Using Multiple Electrodes Actuation","authors":"Sourav K. Ghosh, Dolan Maity, Arijit Chowdhury, S. Roy, C. Giri","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171793","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, Digital Microfluidic biochip (DMFB) is a promising platform where we can concurrently execute complex bioassay operations. This automated, integrated chip is used in Many safety-critical applications like air-quality monitoring, point-of-care health assessment, automated drug discovery, parallel DNA analysis and this is possible only by deploying a robust testing mechanism. Some of the earlier reported testing and diagnosis algorithms are mostly concentrated on single fault localization or take a significant amount of time for multiple faults detection. Even in some cases, a non-faulty electrode incorrectly classified as a faulty electrode. Thus in this work, we have proposed a multiple electrodes actuation method for correct localization of the defective electrode(s) within very less time. Moreover, when some other bioassay operations are running in a biochip then also our proposed method can diagnose the faults of the biochip.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130861888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Efficient Hardware Trojan Detection Approach adopting Testability based Features","authors":"M. Priyadharshini, P. Saravanan","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171786","url":null,"abstract":"Insertion of Hardware Trojan (HT) by adversaries is a major security concern and detection of HT continues to stay as a topic of research. In a typical VLSI design flow, design and fabrication phases are the highly prone stages for HT insertion. The proposed work makes use of testability measures for HT detection since most of the trojan nets are governed by their testability measures. This approach experiments Knearest neighbor and SVM-based machine learning algorithms with SANDIA Controllability Observability Analysis Program (SCOAP) parameters, COP (Controllability/Observability Program) parameters and circuit size as the key features for training and classification. The proposed method is able to achieve 100% TPR (True positive rate) and TNR (True negative rate) values in various Trust-HUB combinational benchmark circuits and outperforms the existing methods in literature.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132842723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource Optimal Realization of Fault-Tolerant Quantum Circuit","authors":"Abhoy Kole, I. Sengupta","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171796","url":null,"abstract":"Encoding of quantum information and carrying out computation on encoded state is an essential requirement for improving the reliability of a quantum computer. Resource limitation in today’s noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) processors further restricts carrying out fault-tolerant quantum gate operations on such systems. Recent experiments conducted on physical qubits of superconducting transmon type and trapped atomic ions using the fault-tolerant scheme based on [[4, 2, 2]] code have shown a systematic improvement in the fidelity of all logical quantum gate operations except the logical controlled-NOT (CNOT) operation that requires 3 physical SWAP operations for fault-tolerant realization.In this present work we propose an optimal realization of logical CNOT operations on a single or two separate [[4, 2, 2]] code-words using 4 physical CNOT operations and an additional qubit. We further introduce logical two-qubit positive and negative controlled-phase operations with varying rotation angle, and also propose the fault-tolerant realization of logical 2-controlled-phase $(C^{2}Z)$ and 2-controlled-NOT (C2 NOT) operations that are required for universal computation using [[4, 2, 2]] encoding. The implementation requires less number of encoded operations and one additional qubit. Through experiments conducted on the 15-qubit IBM Quantum Experience processor and QASM simulator the fidelity and validity of all these proposed gate operations have been verified.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"64 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133117637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Critical Engineering Dissection of LOS and LOC At-speed Test Approaches","authors":"K. Pandey","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171794","url":null,"abstract":"At-speed or delay fault models such as transition, small delay defects, and path delay require combination of two vectors to achieve delay fault excitation. The first vector is known as initialization vector $(mathrm{V}_{I})$ and second vector is known as transition launch $(mathrm{V}_{L})$ vector. The ability to find pair of VI and VL is very critical for transition launch and eventually for successful fault detection. The Launch Off Shift (LOS) and Launch Off Capture (LOC) are two widely deployed schemes for this purpose in test community. This paper performs in-depth analysis to understand strengths and weaknesses of LOS and LOC at-speed test approaches for industrial chips. The LOS scheme heavily relies on scan chain order to get desired $mathrm{V}_{I}-mathrm{V}_{L}$ pairs whereas LOC scheme heavily relies on functional design logic to get desired $mathrm{V}_{I}-mathrm{V}_{L}$ pairs. This analysis indicates a large number of delay faults can be detected by both LOS and LOC schemes. The interesting fact that has emerged is about 2% to 5% faults are uniquely detected by each scheme that cannot be detected by other scheme without adding test points. The LOC performance was much inferior to LOS performance around 15 years ago. But this has changed over the time and presently LOC outperforms LOS on important parameters like pattern count and test coverage. Moreover high implementation cost and large IR drop make LOS unviable for high speed (more than 1 GHz) designs.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123567448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Built-In Self-Repair for Manufacturing and Runtime TSV Defects in 3D ICs","authors":"D. K. Maity, S. Roy, C. Giri","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171797","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional Integrated Circuit (3DIC) based on Through Silicon Vias (TSVs) has various benefits of wire length, power consumption, heterogeneous integration as compared to 2DIC. However, defects in TSVs due to manufacturing processes reduce the reliability of the 3DIC. Several state-of-art approaches have proposed to overcome these defects. However, TSVs can be failed during field operation due to Electromigration (EM), which becomes a major reliability concern in 3DICs. Therefore, detection and repair are crucial in the presence of EM failures. This paper presents a runtime dynamic Built-In Self-Repair (BISR) approach to enhance runtime reliability. BISR consists of a test scheme to pinpoint runtime defects as well as manufacturing defects and a repair scheme that replace defective TSVs with neighbor fault-free TSVs. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method reduces the overall cost in terms of test time and area overhead significantly. The delay overhead of the repair solution is reasonable for 0.5 ns critical path latency.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116905179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavelet Transform based fault diagnosis in analog circuits with SVM classifier","authors":"S. Srimani, K. Ghosh, H. Rahaman","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171798","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the diagnosis of hard and soft faults in analog circuits has been addressed using Wavelet Transform as a preprocessor and Support Vector Machine (SVM) as a classifier. Test circuits have been excited with random analog signal and the output responses have been analyzed with Daubechies Wavelet Transform. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been implemented to reduce the dimension of extracted features and faults are classified in principal component spaces with the help of supervised machine learning. The proposed algorithm is validated for two benchmark circuits (simulated with UMC-180nm PDK in CADENCE Virtuoso and processed using MATLAB 2019): Two Stage OPAMP and second-order Sallen-Key band-pass filter. The use of a random signal in the proposed method minimizes the cost of the generation of the test signal. The potentiality of Wavelet Transform for time-frequency analysis of output responses has been utilized for characterization and subsequent fault diagnosis of the circuits. The accuracy and other performance parameters have been measured to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121399647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sameer Chillarige, Anil Malik, M. Amodeo, Atul Chabbra, Bharath Nandakumar, Robert Redburn, Nicholai L’ Esperance, Jeff Zimmerman, Adisun Wheelock
{"title":"Machine Learning Driven Throughput Optimization of Volume Diagnosis Methodology","authors":"Sameer Chillarige, Anil Malik, M. Amodeo, Atul Chabbra, Bharath Nandakumar, Robert Redburn, Nicholai L’ Esperance, Jeff Zimmerman, Adisun Wheelock","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171800","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous areas of VLSI Design and Automation including test and diagnosis have already started benefiting from machine learning based approaches. In this paper, we focus on application of machine learning techniques in the context of Volume Diagnosis methodology which aims at improving the yield analysis and management process. Specifically, we apply machine learning to monitor and predict throughput bottlenecks in diagnosis process that impede the pace of yield analysis. In the proposed supervised machine learning technique, diagnosis features extracted from thousands of devices are used to train a random forest regression model and features causing greatest impact on run times are predicted. This technique has resulted in identifying a class of faults (labelled “hyperactive faults”) to be strongly correlated to diagnosis run time. Based on this finding, we propose improvements to volume diagnosis methodology to identify and mask hyperactive faults in advance from volume diagnosis process. Experimental results using proposed improvements on large industrial designs demonstrate up to ~8% reduction in volume diagnosis run time with no loss of accuracy and resolution.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and Test Generation for Combinational Hardware Trojans","authors":"Manisha Vinta, S. Sivanantham","doi":"10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITCIndia49857.2020.9171791","url":null,"abstract":"Because of globalization in the semiconductor industry and manufacturing processes, integrated circuits are more exposed to harmful attacks called hardware Trojan. This can be considered as a serious threat to the Integrated circuits. Due to the inclusion of hardware Trojan into the existing circuit, it causes the possible effects like changing the functionality of the circuit and discharges some-secret information to the attacker. In this paper, we designed a hardware Trojan, which consists of two parts namely Trigger used to activate Trojan and payload, which changes the functionality of the chip normally the payload is an XOR gate. 2K×(K-1) Trojans are generated for a one-line trigger merged with one payload line for a circuit with K signal lines. The Trojan is detected by generating test patterns by using standard ATPG Tools which detects conditional stuck-at faults-and allows us to find the Trojan coverage and in addition to that this model is effective in finding out the real Trojans.","PeriodicalId":346727,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE International Test Conference India","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133907363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}