Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"DEATH OF A CHILD FROM INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION OF CEFTRIAXONE ON THE BACKGROUND OF LIDOCAINE AS A REASON FOR APPOINING A COMMISSION FORENSIC EXPERTISE","authors":"E. Travenko","doi":"10.17816/fm670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm670","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In clinical and expert practice, there are cases of the development of pathological processes for the administration of the local anesthetic lidocaine in the form of toxic reactions and anaphylaxis. The morphological signs revealed in this case are considered nonspecific. Description of expert observation. The case of the death of a child from intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone in 2% lidocaine solution is considered, which served as the basis for the commission of a forensic medical examination. Conclusion. Objectification of expert conclusions about the toxic effect or the development of anaphylactic shock on the intramuscular administration of ceftriaxone in 2% lidocaine solution due to the low specificity of manifestations, at the same time, it can be based on a detectable complex of pathomorphological changes in combination with the mandatory forensic chemical determination of the concentration of these agents in the internal organs and blood, assessment of the sequence of development of the clinical picture, taking into account the route of administration of drugs. The considered problem requires further in-depth study.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123013379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIABETIC COMAS IN THE STRUCTURE OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS","authors":"Pavel Akimov, E. Barinov, Natalya A Terekhina","doi":"10.17816/fm410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm410","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Statistics on the causes of death of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) do not correspond to real indicators due to the insufficient level of diagnosis at the postmortem stage of research in most regions of the country. \u0000Aims. The aim of the study was a statistical analysis of the mortality of patients with diabetes as a result of diabetic comas for 2017-2020. \u0000Material and methods. The objects of the study were the blood and vitreous body of the eye (VB) from 4444 patients with diabetes who were registered with this disease during their lifetime. The content of glycohemoglobin in the blood, glucose, lactate and acetoacetate in the VB was determined. The diagnosis of diabetic coms was carried out taking into account previously developed criteria. \u0000Results. When analyzing the structure of mortality in patients with DM, it was found that 692 people died as a result of diabetic comas, which was 15.6%. In the structure of mortality of patients with DM, diabetic comas occupy a much larger percentage of cases than is available in statistical data. This situation is due to the insufficient implementation of laboratory tests at the postmortem stage of diagnosis, as well as the restriction of coding the cause of death of patients with DM as a result of diabetic comas. The developed methods for diagnosing diabetic comas are easy to perform, guarantee high accuracy and reliability of the result, and are available for any specialized laboratory. \u0000Conclusion. The most common hyperosmolar non-ketoacidotic coma. In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce mortality as a result of diabetic comas.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127183785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHOFUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE NEURONAL ENVIRONMENT IN SUICIDE","authors":"M. Kislov, D. S. Trusova, K. N. Krupin, M. S. Zhiganova, P. Dudina, A. Maksimov","doi":"10.17816/fm723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm723","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of the development of suicidal behavior has remained relevant for many years. Every year there are more and more reports of new morphological changes in brain tissue. The presented analytical review of the literature concerns the state of the issue of studying the morphology of macroglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and the blood-brain barrier in suicide. Determining the characteristic morphology of death due to suicide can potentially become an evidence base for confirming or excluding factors of suicide development when assessing the causes of death. Further research is needed to form a clearer picture of the changes in relation to the practice of forensic medical examination.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132217174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of human sex by odontometric characteristics using equations of logistic regression","authors":"Anar Sh. Ibragimov, Shakir M. Musayev","doi":"10.17816/fm446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm446","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The development of methods for identifying a person based on bone remains, which are adapted for diagnosing the population of Azerbaijan, is a priority in view of the incompleteness of solving this problem. In this situation, a new way to quickly determine the sex by teeth appears to be in demand because it should increase the efficiency of the work of forensic doctors. \u0000AIM: To develop a modern technique for diagnosing a persons sex using odontometric signs. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: Teeth sizes were studied at the craniological collection of Azerbaijanis. On the seven teeth of the upper and seven teeth of the lower jaw, three parameters were measured (while symmetrical teeth were considered a single array). Each of the 14 anatomical teeth was represented by 80 male and 80 female teeth. A digital caliper (Mutitouyo; accuracy 10 microns) was used for odontometric procedures. Odontometry results were analyzed by statistical methods using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. Mathematical modeling was conducted using the MATLAB statistical software package. \u0000RESULTS: With the help of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the data obtained in the course of odontometry were studied. Six odontometric signs were related to sex. The most sex-related parameters were the buccolingual diameter of the upper canine, heights of the crowns of the second lower molar, lower incisors, lower canine, and upper central incisor. Using mathematical modeling, six logistic regression equations have been implemented, which help determining the sex of an individual by the size of his teeth possible. The predictive potential of the equations was also assessed using the ROC analysis. \u0000CONCLUSION: Based on odontometric indicators and ROC analysis, diagnostic equations for determining the sex of a person by the teeth size were obtained. The equations have not yet been verified on independent samples; therefore, they cannot yet be unconditionally recommended for practice. Nevertheless, the authors count on the high legitimacy of their models because they used a fairly powerful mathematical apparatus.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117112474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage to neurons of the cerebral cortex in acute poisoning with baclofen and its combination with ethanol","authors":"O. Romanova, A. M. Golubev, A. Churilov, D. Sundukov, M. Kislov, A. Ershov","doi":"10.17816/fm431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm431","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The number of poisoning with a muscle relaxant baclofen has increased recently. The brain is one of the target organs in baclofen poisoning. \u0000AIM: To identify and quantify cerebral cortex neuron damage in baclofen and baclofen ethanol poisoning. \u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS: A histological study of rat cerebral cortex was performed. The controls (n = 5) received neither baclofen nor ethanol. Groups 1 and 3 received baclofen (85 mg/kg), whereas groups 2 and 4 received baclofen (85 mg/kg) and ethanol (7 ml/kg). Groups 1 and 3 were euthanized 4 h after the drug administration, whereas groups 2 and 4 were euthanized after 24 h. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and by the Nissl method and examined by light microscopy (400). The number of damaged neurons was calculated. Statistical processing was performed by the nonparametric MannWhitney method. \u0000RESULTS: Neurons with reversible and irreversible changes in the controls accounted for 13% and 9%, respectively. At 4 h after baclofen administration, neurons with reversible and irreversible changes accounted for 22% and 21%; 4 h after baclofen and ethanol administration, 24% and 29%; 24 h after baclofen administration, 25% and 37%, respectively. Baclofen and ethanol administration caused an increase in the share of neurons with reversible (27%) and irreversible (41%) changes. The differences between group 3 and the control group were significant, and the difference was significant when group 4 was compared with the control group and group 3. \u0000CONCLUSION: Understanding the processes in the brain during baclofen and baclofen ethanol administration will allow the provision of medical care to this category of patients more effectively. The signs of brain neuron damage, along with the results of forensic chemical analysis, can be used to establish the immediate cause of death.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133858504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENDER FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF DEATH RATES \u0000IN SUICIDES","authors":"Zaynitdin Giyasov","doi":"10.17816/fm673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm673","url":null,"abstract":"Justification. The increase in the number of completed suicides associated with multiple risk factors is of concern in many countries around the world. Cases of completed suicide in groups of both sexes vary significantly according to different researchers. THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: to investigate the gender characteristics of death rates of completed suicide. RESEARCH MATERIALS: the analysis of mortality rates was carried out by the method of retrospective statistical analysis of information from official reports on the activities of forensic medical institutions of the country for the period 1992-2019. RESULTS: the results of the analysis of the dynamics of suicide mortality rates indicate that suicides as a phenomenon have their own natural features of development a cyclical change in the states of indicators - rise, decline, wave-like flow, characterized by a certain periodicity, constancy (stability of the occurrence of the phenomenon on a national scale). conclusion: The results of the study of completed suicides in Uzbekistan for the period 1992-2019 allow us to assert that completed suicides as a phenomenon have their own natural features of development. These are: 1) the constancy of changes - the stability of the occurrence of the phenomenon; 2) cyclicity - the cyclic change of the states of indicators - rise, decline, wave-like flow, characterized by a certain periodicity.Keywords: suicide, examination of a corpse, gender characteristics, mortality rates.For citation: Giyasov Z.A., Makhsumkhonov K.A., Bakhriev I.I. Gender implications of the dynamics of death rates in suicides. Forensic medicine. 2021.....","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131670813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHARACTERISTICS OF INJURIES IN CYCLISTS INJURED WHEN OTHER VEHICLES COLLIDE WITH THE SIDE OF THE BODY OF MOVING BICYCLES","authors":"S. Indiaminov","doi":"10.17816/fm725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm725","url":null,"abstract":"Bicycle injuries, as a separate type of traffic accidents, require forensic medical examinations to establish the mechanism, duration and severity of injuries. The forensic medical aspects of cycling injury are insufficiently covered in the literature. The purpose of the study is to study the nature and features of the formation of injuries in cyclists who were injured when other vehicles hit the side of moving bicycles. Materials and research methods. The results of forensic medical examinations in relation to 51 cyclists who died as a result of a side collision of vehicles with moving bicycles were analyzed. Results. The most frequently observed injuries in cyclists are traumatic brain injury - (21.56%) and combined injuries: head and chest (15.68%); lower extremities with trauma to the head, chest (11.76%). Damage to the structure of the head was revealed in almost all (96.0%) of the dead cyclists and was characterized by the formation of a severe contusion of the brain with fractures of the parietotemporal and occipital bones. Damage to the structure of the chest and organs of the chest cavity was also observed frequently - 50.69%. Rib fractures were noted in 74.2% of cases. Injuries to the abdominal organs were detected in 20.15% of cases, in the form of liver rupture and hemorrhage in the ligaments of organs. Also observed diaphyseal comminuted fractures of the bones of the lower leg, femur. Conclusion. The most common types of injuries in dead cyclists in a side collision of other vehicles with a moving bicycle are TBI, as well as ST of the head, chest and fractures of the bones of the lower extremities in combination with a head and chest injury. Damage to the structure of the head was characterized by the formation of linear, depressed-comminuted fractures of the parietal-temporal and occipital bones. Damage to the structure of the chest was characterized by the occurrence of fractures of the upper ribs and bruises of the lungs. Damage to the skin, resembling a picture of a \"road rash\", was noted on the anterolateral parts of the body.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122014865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE STUDY OF CUTTING AND STABBING DAMAGES CAUSED BY THE KNIFE IMPACT WITH VARIOUS SPINE THICKNESS","authors":"T. Potankina, V. Klevno, Oleg Lysenko","doi":"10.17816/fm696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm696","url":null,"abstract":"Injuries caused by pointed or bladed articles cover the biggest part of all the injuries caused by sharp objects. Last decades of scientific studies in forensic medicine have been dedicated to the questions of forensic medicolegal traumatology due to a steady growth of a number of forensic examinations connected with mechanical injuries. The data about the morphology, mechanism and biomechanical causation of \u0000cutting and stabbing damages have been studied over and summarized. There have been found some morphological features of cutting and stabbing damages of osseous tissue appearing according to the theory of material cutting. There have been studied the possibilities of forensic identification of pointed or bladed articles according to the features of injuries on human tissues and clothes. The analysis results of scientific literature show that nowadays a spine of a knife is considered a traumatic part of a blade. In the course of an identification examination of pointed or bladed trace - forming articles a notion a spine zone is used. There has been overviewed an influence on a process of trace-formation of the edges of a knife. However, the morphology of pointed or bladed injuries of bones according to the thickness of a blade has not been examined deeply. Aiming to improve forensic research of injuries of flat bones (os planum) caused by pointed or bladed articles on the base of a complex of morphological features, it is needed to organize experimental researches using a cadaveric material.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115963896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"II scientific and practical conference of the Interregional Thanatoradiological Society \"Radiological diagnostics for pathological anatomy and forensic medicine: from lifetime to postmortem\"","authors":"A. Shchegolev, U. Tumanova","doi":"10.17816/fm759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm759","url":null,"abstract":"Brief report on the II scientific and practical conference of the Interregional Thanatoradiological Society \"Radiological diagnostics for pathological anatomy and forensic medicine: from lifetime to postmortem\", which took place on October 7-8, 2022 in Moscow on the basis of the Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121374690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA: A RARE CASE FROM PRACTICE","authors":"Z. Davydova","doi":"10.17816/fm733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm733","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most serious complications of modern anesthesia is malignant hyperthermia, which is a pharmacogenetic disease, phenotypically manifested by skeletal muscle hypermetabolism and rhabdomyolysis during or after general anesthesia with the use of inhalation anesthetics. In Russia, the problem of malignant hyperthermia currently remains unresolved. We present a case of malignant hyperthermia in a 19-year-old girl who was operated on for nasal breathing disorders and received Sevoran anesthesia as support. The patient died 1 hour and 25 minutes later. after the end of the operation during withdrawal from anesthesia due to the development of a clinically confirmed syndrome of malignant hyperthermia. At the forensic autopsy, this diagnosis was confirmed. A description of the morphological changes in the skeletal muscles using both plain and elective histological stains is given.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121614818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}