Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine最新文献

{"title":"ON THE SEVENTH ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION «DECEMBER READINGS IN FORENSIC MEDICINE AT PEOPLES’ FRIENDSHIP UNIVERSITY OF RUSSIA: THE MAIN ISSUES OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND MEDICAL CRIMINOLOGY»","authors":"A. V. Smirnov, D. Sundukov, Evgeniy H. Barinov","doi":"10.17816/fm16118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16118","url":null,"abstract":"On December 22rd, 2023 the Seventh All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation «December Readings in Forensic Medicine at Peoples’ Friendship University Of Russia: The Main Issues of Forensic Medicine and Medical Criminology» took place. The conference was held at the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Medical Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba. The conference traditionally covers a wide range of topics related to organizational and procedural, theoretical and practical issues of forensic medicine, medical criminology and medical law. Among its participants are both Russian and foreign specialists, postgraduate students, residents and students.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postmortem Characteristics of Drowning Death in Freshwater: A Systematic Review","authors":"I. Aflanie, Gusti Muhammad Fuad Suharto, P. W. Nurikhwan","doi":"10.17816/fm16113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16113","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drowning is the third leading cause of death by unintentional injury, accounting for 7% of all injury-related deaths worldwide. The latest World Health Organization Global Health Estimates estimate that 236,000 people died from drowning in 2019. \u0000Objective: This study used a systematic review to examine the clinical, laboratory, and other postmortem characteristics associated with death from drowning in freshwater areas. \u0000Method: A systematic search of PubMed, Epistemonikos, and Cochrane Library databases was performed with no restrictions to find relevant literature. After removal of duplicates, articles were reviewed, and information on clinical, laboratory, and other postmortem characteristics of freshwater drowning deaths was extracted. \u0000Result: Of 493 articles found, 73 papers were considered relevant for full-text review. Of these, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria for the review. Most of the drowning deaths occurred in fresh water and only one case was described as a drowning in a freshwater area. Victims were male, with a male-to-female ratio of 8:3. External clinical characteristics that were found only in the freshwater drowning case were washerwoman's hand and pink teeth. Internal clinical findings unique to the freshwater drowning case were debris in the airways and Neil’s sign. \u0000Conclusion: Our study suggests that washerwoman's hand, pink teeth, debris in airways, and Neil’s sign are associated with drowning death in freshwater areas.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of self-mutilation and suicide among persons serving sentences in correctional institutions of minimum security of the penal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Bauyrzhan Turekhanovich Urazalin, Y. Begaliyev, Malik Rsbaevich Mukanov, Berik Mazhitovich Imashev","doi":"10.17816/fm16084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16084","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The article discusses the possibilities of preventing self-harm and suicide among convicts in conditions of minimum security institutions of the penal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The statistics of annual cases of self-mutilation and the commission of acts of suicide confirm the need to find directions in the work to prevent them using various tools: psychological, technical and legislative.The purpose of the study is to determine the possibilities of preventing self-mutilation and suicide among persons serving sentences in correctional institutions of minimum security of the penal system of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. In the course of the research, general scientific methods such as analysis, induction, deduction, comparison were used, as well as the logical method and the method of generalization. The principles of the methodology of systemic and structural-functional approaches are applied to identify cause-and-effect relationships. Such a method of visualization of concepts as drawing up an intelligence map is used, organizational and managerial conditions for the implementation of psychological work with convicts are highlighted.The results of the study. Autoaggression is most often singled out as the most relevant destructive form of behavior in correctional institutions of the penal system. To understand the phenomenon of autodestructive behavior, the paper presents an intelligence map of this concept, which displays its specifics, areas of its research and study, types, and also highlights areas for the prevention of such behavior.Discussion of the results. The paper presents an example of psychological work to reduce cases of self-harm and suicidal risks, taking into account the individual psychological characteristics of the convicts' personality. The use of traditional measures and new scientific and technological achievements, in particular, chipping, contributes to the effectiveness of control and supervision of convicts prone to suicide and self-harm. The expediency of applying measures of a criminal executive nature is also being considered. Of fundamental importance is the mandatory assignment of responsibility for the implementation of measures to prevent self-harm and suicide of convicts to all services of the correctional institution.Conclusion. The author concludes that the implementation of the formulated proposals, as well as the control and coordination of activities to prevent self-harm and suicide among convicts by the management staff will reduce them to a minimum. This, in turn, will positively affect the elimination of one of the threats to the personal safety of convicts.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of SMOTHE to enhance the precision of gender prediction: an investigation of artificial neural networks with cephalometry determination","authors":"Vitria Wuri Handayani, Ahmad Yudianto, Mieke Sylvia M.A.R., R. Rulaningtyas, Muhammad Rasyad Caesarardhi, Ramadhan Hardani Putra","doi":"10.17816/fm16110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: When creating models utilizing artificial neural networks (ANN), it is crucial to consider the quantity of training data and the distribution of data, particularly when making gender predictions. \u0000Objectives: This study seeks to determine the potential impact of using Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) on gender prediction using ANN model. \u0000Material and Method: The current study utilized a dataset consisting of 297 Indonesian cephalometric measurements, comprising 229 samples from females and 68 samples from males. Web ceph is using for measures parameters SNA angle, mandibular length, mandibular angle, and SGA angle and diagnosis. Data processing and model ANN creation were carried out using Python. \u0000Result: The gender identification accuracy of the artificial neural network (ANN) model is 87% for females and 0% for males, resulting in an overall average accuracy of 78%. When using SMOTE, the accuracy is 22%, with 0% accuracy for females and 37% accuracy for males. However, when using SMOTE and normalization, the accuracy increases to 71%, with 82% accuracy for females and 30% accuracy for males. The accuracy of normalization without SMOTE is 76%, with 86% accuracy for females and 14% accuracy for males. \u0000Conclusion: Research has proven the efficacy of SMOTE in improving the classification of malematrices. Nevertheless, the study reveals that the overall accuracy results of SMOTE are suboptimal in comparison to the absence of SMOTE and normalization. The application of data balancing strategies is necessary in order to achieve optimal accuracy in gender prediction when ANN, and other parameters must be applied.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROFESSOR IVAN IVANOVICH NEIDING. THE STROKES TO THE PORTRAIT","authors":"A. V. Smirnov, Evgeniy H. Barinov, Yana A. Voronko","doi":"10.17816/fm16120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16120","url":null,"abstract":"Background. 2024 marks the 120th anniversary of the death of Ivan Ivanovich Neiding, a prominent Russian forensic scientist, professor of the medical faculty of Imperial Moscow University. The stages of the formation of forensic medicine in Russia are inextricably linked with the development of natural history and the success of medical science. An analysis of the history of the forensic medical service also shows its close connection with law and the needs of judicial investigative institutions. It was this interaction that determined the nature of scientific research and the practical orientation of forensic medical examination. A significant contribution to the development of Russian forensic medical science and practice was made by I.I. Neiding, who belonged to the best representatives of the faculty of Moscow University at the end of the XIX century. His name is associated with the period of brilliant scientific flourishing of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine. During his 22 years as head of the department, I.I. Neiding has done a lot to ensure that the teaching of forensic medicine meets the ever-increasing practical demands. The creative path of a scientist can serve as an example for young specialists in the field of forensic medicine. \u0000Aims: the purpose of the study was to recreate the image of the scientist based on the memoirs of his contemporaries and his own speeches. \u0000The materials for this work were literary sources and archival materials. \u0000Results. The article provides information about the life and work of I.I. Neiding. The memoirs of the scientist's contemporaries and his views on forensic medicine are presented. \u0000Conclusions. This study has not only cognitive significance, but also carries the idea of educating young professionals. People like I.I. Neiding make up the color of Russian medicine and pedagogy. Many of the provisions of I.I. Neiding's research have not lost their relevance even today.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ON THE POSSIBILITY OF DETECTING MICROFRAGMENTS OF GLASS IN SCAR TISSUES","authors":"Olga Lavrukova, Igor A. Tolmachev","doi":"10.17816/fm16089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16089","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The identification of the traumatic tool in case of damage caused by sharp objects has always been one of the main issues of interest to the investigating authorities. Currently, forensic medicine has the ability to determine a specific acute traumatic object, including glass fragments. However, in the literature available to us, we did not find information about the possibility of detecting microfragments of glass in the scar. Case description from practice. The man suffered a chest wound. He was taken to the hospital, where the wound was sutured. According to the description of the wound in the medical records, it was determined that the wound was a stab wound and could have been caused by a knife. The accused categorically denied inflicting a knife wound on this person and argued that the victim was in a state of severe alcoholic intoxication and fell repeatedly, including on a sideboard, glass from which was found during an inspection of the scene. Four months later, the victim died from alcohol poisoning. A forensic medical examination was carried out to resolve the issue of the possibility of injury from glass fragments from the sideboard. A scar was identified on the victim's chest. Microparticles were found in the scar tissue, the characteristics of which led to the conclusion that they are microfragments of colorless, transparent glass. Conclusion. The methods used to determine the presence of glass microfragments in scar tissue do not require complex technical equipment and are common in wide expert practice; their use has confirmed the possibility of detecting glass microfragments not only in soft tissues along the wound channel, but also after healing of the wound, in an already formed scar.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forensic characteristics of damage caused by spherical striking elements of GMLRS MLRS type ammunition","authors":"Sergey Leonov","doi":"10.17816/fm14223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm14223","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study of forensic aspects of blast injury caused by the damaging elements of GMLRS-type MLRS ammunition is currently of particular interest due to the high frequency of occurrence and the lack of diagnostic criteria. \u0000BACKGROUND: to study the morphological features of damage caused by spherical submunitions of the GMLRS type ammunition for MLRS in conjunction with electron microscopy and elemental analysis of the submunitions. \u0000AIM: The study was carried out using visual, metric methods, X-ray examination, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis using a Hitachi FlexSem1000 II scanning electron microscope and a Bruker Quantax 80 energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. \u0000RESULTS: An analysis of the morphological features of damage caused by the damaging elements of GMLRS type ammunition for MLRS was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis made it possible to identify the characteristic chemical composition of the damaging elements. X-ray examination of the bodies of the dead reveals characteristic round shadows of metallic density. \u0000CONCLUSION: The established morphological features of external and internal damage caused by spherical damaging elements of ammunition of the GMLRS MLRS type, in combination with electron microscopy and elemental analysis, make it possible to establish with high reliability the damage to the human body caused by the striking elements of the specified type of ammunition when solving such expert problems.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141098901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORENSIC MEDICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SUDDEN DEATH IN YOUNG PEOPLE ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE BUREAU OF MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW","authors":"Irina Globa, Evgeniy Barinov, Maxim Kislov, Elizaveta Alekseevna Gritsenko, Aleksej Bychkov","doi":"10.17816/fm15397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm15397","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Sudden death is an urgent problem of modern public health care, occupying the leading positions in terms of prevalence in the Russian Federation. A wide range of its causes, scarcity of morphologic data cause the complexity of diagnosis and interpretation of pathologic changes at autopsy. This article presents an epidemiologic analysis of the causes of sudden death in a group of young people. \u0000Purpose: To provide a forensic medical description of cases of sudden death of young people based on data from forensic autopsies conducted at the Bureau of Medical Examinations of the Moscow City Health Department. \u0000Materials and methods: A sample study of 48 corpses in cases of VS PMV aged from 18 to 44 years was carried out on the basis of the Forensic Medical Examination Bureau of the Moscow Department of Health. We studied in detail the protocols for examining the corpse at the scene of the incident, medical documentation, performed an extended description of the external and internal examination of the corpse, and collected material for histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. \u0000Results: The main cause of death of VS LMV was pathology of the cardiovascular system. In a number of cases of death, an asthenic type of constitution was established with the following signs: high stature, an elongated chest with an acute epigastric angle, poorly defined subcutaneous fatty tissue, weight less than the age norm, narrow shoulders. Pathological changes were identified in the sternum, spine, limbs, dental status and internal organs, which corresponded to the stigma of connective tissue dysplasia. A correlation was noted between VS LMV and asthenic skeletopathy against the background of exposure to extreme factors (physical stress, psycho-emotional stress and previous infectious diseases). In most cases of VS LMV, pathological changes in blood vessels were diagnosed. \u0000Conclusion: Thus, the development of a modern comprehensive scientific and methodological approach is required to assess pathomorphological changes in VS LMV. \u0000Key words: sudden death, young people, cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABOUT THE WORK OF THE XVII SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL \u0000CONFERENCE OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS AND SPECIALISTS \u0000\"FORENSIC-MEDICAL SCIENCE AND PRACTICE\"","authors":"Alexey S. Fokin, Evgeniy H. Barinov","doi":"10.17816/fm16108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16108","url":null,"abstract":"On December 7, 2023, the Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical \u0000Law of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education \u0000in cooperation with the GBUZ BSME DZ of Moscow held the XVII Scientific \u0000and Practical Conference of young scientists and specialists \"Forensic Science \u0000and Practice\".","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140077947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF THE GUIDE FOR DOCTORS \u0000\"FORENSIC NEUROPATHOLOGY. CRANIOCEREBRAL AND SPINAL INJURY\" M.A. KISLOVA","authors":"Aleksander Maksimov","doi":"10.17816/fm16098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm16098","url":null,"abstract":"The author gives a review of the scientific and practical publication prepared by the Doctor of Medical Sciences, associate Professor M.A. Kislov \"Forensic neuropathology. Сraniocerebral and spinal injury\". \u0000The manual contains a deep and accurate analysis of the pathological, physical, biochemical and molecular genetic processes involved in disorders of the nervous system in cases of head and cervical spinal column injuries. \u0000The concept of this scientific work is a timely review of the latest achievements in the field of clinical and forensic neuropathology. \u0000The publication is recommended to doctors of forensic medical experts, pathologists, neuropathologists, neurosurgeons, as well as doctors of other specialties interested in and dealing with problems of disorders of the central nervous system of traumatic genesis.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}