Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine最新文献_第6页

Experience in using computer programs as part of bloodstain examinations 有使用计算机程序作为血迹检查的一部分的经验

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.17816/fm752

Sergey Leonov

{"title":"Experience in using computer programs as part of bloodstain examinations","authors":"Sergey Leonov","doi":"10.17816/fm752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm752","url":null,"abstract":"Background: еxamination of bloodstains is appointed in cases where it is necessary to assess the trace pattern at the scene of the incident and establish the features of the mechanism of their formation. Examination of multiple traces of blood is a rather laborious and lengthy process. At the same time, in foreign countries it has already been partially switched to automatic mode using computer programs. The development of the computer program Autodesk AutoCAD in our country has allowed the use of a specialized application Elcovision Forensic, with the help of which the location of the blood source, the distance to it, its size, etc. are evaluated by marked traces of blood recorded at the scene, as well as by three-dimensional models that can be built in software or used objects already built in other three-dimensional reconstruction programs. \u0000Case presentation: the article presents the experience of using the computer program Elcovision Forensic on two examples from expert practice. In both cases, according to the traces of blood recorded at the scene, it was necessary to reconstruct individual stages of the incident. In one of the cases, the possibilities of working with three-dimensional models recreated from photographs from the scene are shown. In the second case, the analysis of blood traces was carried out directly from digital photographs. \u0000Conclusion: the main stages of work and functions of the computer program are shown on the examples of bloodstain examinations. The use of Elcovision Forensic in the framework of specific examinations allowed to solve situational issues, to establish individual circumstances of damage.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133867422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

REVIEW OF THE TEXTBOOK "FORENSIC MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY" V.A. KLEVNO, V.V. FROLOV, I.A. FROLOVA 审查《创伤性脑损伤的法医评估》教材v.a.克莱诺、v.v.弗罗洛夫、i.a.弗罗洛娃

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.17816/fm1098

Aleksander Maksimov

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Forensic medical characteristics of fractures of the bones of the hand 手部骨折的法医学特征

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.17816/fm732

S. Indiaminov, Iskandar Baxtiyorovich Shopulatov

{"title":"Forensic medical characteristics of fractures of the bones of the hand","authors":"S. Indiaminov, Iskandar Baxtiyorovich Shopulatov","doi":"10.17816/fm732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm732","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale. The study of forensic aspects of fractures of the bones of the hand is of particular interest in connection with the need to establish the nature, mechanism of occurrence, severity and duration of these injuries. The purpose of the study was to assess the severity of the harm caused to health based on the study of the formation, course and outcomes of fractures of the bones of the hand. Research materials. Fractures of the bones of the wrist (24) and metacarpal bones (218) have been studied in persons affected by the impact of blunt objects. Results. It was found that fractures of the scaphoid bone (81.8%) are most often formed on the side of the carpal structure, fractures of other carpal bones are detected relatively less frequently (18.2%). With fractures of the navicular bone, especially in cases of late seeking medical help, complications can occur in the form of a false joint and aseptic necrosis, causing a pronounced dysfunction of the wrist joint. In the metacarpal bones, periarticular fractures of the proximal epiphysis (49.1%) are often noted, then intraarticular fractures (26.6%), periarticular diaphyseal fractures of the body (20.6%). Complications in the form of contracture of the fingers in the long-term period of fractures of the metacarpal bones were most observed in intra-articular, comminuted with mixing and transverse fractures. Conclusion. Isolated uncomplicated fractures of the bones of the wrist are classified as moderate. At the same time, fractures of the scaphoid bone, complicated by a false joint and aseptic necrosis, causing severe dysfunction of the wrist joint, up to immobility in a functionally disadvantageous position, according to the criterion for the loss of permanent loss of total disability over 1/3 (35-40%), is classified as severe injuries.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123012791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Review of the guide for doctors "Rules for the formulation of forensic and pathoanatomical diagnoses, selection and coding of causes of death according to ICD-10", edited by Professor V.A. Klevno, Professor O.V. Zairati. 审查由V.A. Klevno教授、O.V. Zairati教授编辑的医生指南"根据ICD-10制定法医和病理解剖诊断、选择和编码死因的规则"。

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.17816/fm770

Vladimir V Chochlov

{"title":"Review of the guide for doctors \"Rules for the formulation of forensic and pathoanatomical diagnoses, selection and coding of causes of death according to ICD-10\", edited by Professor V.A. Klevno, Professor O.V. Zairati.","authors":"Vladimir V Chochlov","doi":"10.17816/fm770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm770","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an analysis of the book \"Rules for the formulation of forensic and pathoanatomical diagnoses, selection and coding of causes of death according to ICD-10, edited by Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Aleksandrovich Klevno and Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Oleg Vadimovich Zayratyants. The purpose of the review is to give an objective assessment of the information presented in a scientific publication and determine their value for science and practice. The authors note that this publication is essentially a national guide for doctors in the Russian Federation on the formulation of forensic and pathoanatomical diagnoses, the choice and coding of causes of death in accordance with the requirements of ICD-10, as well as on the issuance of a medical death certificate in order to improve statistics population mortality. The authors focus their attention on the fact that the manual contains unified rules for the formulation of forensic and pathoanatomical diagnoses, selection and coding of causes of death, registration of the MIA in accordance with the provision of the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323 - FZ \"On the Fundamentals of Protecting the Health of Citizens in the Russian Federation, the requirements of ICD-10, as well as orders and guidelines of the Ministry of Health of Russia, clinical and guidelines of the Russian Society of Pathologists and the Association of Forensic Experts. \u0000It can be said with absolute certainty that the book will retain its for a long time. It complies with all regulatory requirements, significantly simplifies the work of a doctor, and may well become a reference book for a practicing specialist.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129447297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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AN ESSAY ON THE HISTORY OF FORENSIC MEDICINE OF THE YENISEI PROVINCE TO THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF ITS FORMATION 叶尼塞省法医学成立200周年的历史述评

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.17816/fm768

A. Karachev, Yulia V. Karacheva

引用次数: 0

BLIND PENETRATING WOUND OF THE SKULL BY A NAIL AS A METHOD OF SUICIDE 钉伤:用钉子在头骨上刺穿的一种自杀方式

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.17816/fm757

Mechukaev Mechukaev, Aminat Sarakaeva

{"title":"BLIND PENETRATING WOUND OF THE SKULL BY A NAIL AS A METHOD OF SUICIDE","authors":"Mechukaev Mechukaev, Aminat Sarakaeva","doi":"10.17816/fm757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm757","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The issue of suicide and auto-aggressive behavior is becoming one of the most urgent problems of current time. That is why the problem of suicide prevention are now of particular importance, and the study of the problem of suicide is of great scientific and practical interest for specialists in various specialties, including forensic experts. \u0000Description of the expert case: The morphological features of damage to the structures of the head during a completed suicide by driving a building fastener - a metal nail, 15 cm long into the cranial cavity are described. The nature of the morphological changes in the anatomical structures along the wound channel had typical features: perforated fractures of the bones of the skull, with a cone-shaped expanding defect in the bones of the inner walls of the perforated fracture. Brain structures were damaged along the wound channel. The stab wound was blind. \u0000Conclusion: Ways of causing self-harm in suicide can be of a diverse nature, including very unusual ones. In this case, during the performance of the examination in the absence of operational-investigative information, it was not possible to understand the circumstances of the death, to unambiguously assume the type of death.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122590948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic medical examination in case of suspicion of improper provision of toxicological care (a case from practice) 在怀疑毒理学治疗提供不当的情况下进行法医检查(来自实践的案例)

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-09 DOI: 10.17816/fm764

S. Kuznetsov, Bogdan Sergeevich Litvincev, Yu A Molin, Dmitrij Stanislavovich Yatsenko, A. A. Kuznetsova

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CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS AS A CAUSE OF FATAL OUTCOMES IN FORENSIC MEDICAL PRACTICE 海绵状窦血栓形成在法医实践中的致命后果

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.17816/fm765

M. Muzikin, D. Ilyasov, A. Iordanishvili, E. Barinov

{"title":"CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS AS A CAUSE OF FATAL OUTCOMES IN FORENSIC MEDICAL PRACTICE","authors":"M. Muzikin, D. Ilyasov, A. Iordanishvili, E. Barinov","doi":"10.17816/fm765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm765","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance.Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a dangerous, life-threatening condition developing as a result of a blockage of the cavernous sinus by a blood clot. This pathology occurs extremely rarely, but carries a serious danger to life at any age. The information about cases of death from cavernous sinus thrombosis is few and sketchy in the special forensic medical literature. \u0000 \u0000The purpose of the study was examination and differential diagnosis of the cause of the 35-year-old womans death. \u0000 \u0000The materials for this study were based on the results of the forensic medical examination of the 35-year-old womans corpse. \u0000 \u0000The results of the study were presented with an indication of all stages of treatment and observation of the patient. The development and progression of the disease, which eventually led to a fatal outcome, were described in stages. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion. Based on the conducted research and the above material, it can be concluded about the cause of the death. Cavernous sinus thrombosis, as well as other cerebral sinus thrombosis, being a complication of the main, timely undiagnosed and untreated disease is a significant problem even in modern multidisciplinary medical institutions and often causes deaths in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"33 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114028246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE TESTS OF WHITE RATS AND HUMAN IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATIONS 急性和慢性酒精中毒大鼠和人的形态学变化

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.17816/fm729

V. Ulanov, Babanin Anattolij

{"title":"MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE TESTS OF WHITE RATS AND HUMAN IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC ALCOHOLIC INTOXICATIONS","authors":"V. Ulanov, Babanin Anattolij","doi":"10.17816/fm729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm729","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Of particular interest is the study of the effect of ethyl alcohol, narcotic drugs on the male reproductive apparatus. There are practically no studies of morphological transformations in the testicles during alcohol intoxication, which, at the current level of ethanol consumption by men of reproductive age, is both a social and medical problem that is far from being solved. \u0000Aims. In the course of an acute and chronic experiment, to study the severity and dynamics of morphological changes in the gonads during alcohol intoxication in mature rats and compare with those in individuals who died with the phenomena of one of the forms of alcoholic disease and severe alcohol catamnesis. \u0000Material and methods. The material for the study was the testicles of sexually mature rats that were subjected to acute and chronic alcohol intoxication (from 2 weeks to 6 months), as well as the testicles of persons who died in the blood of which ethyl alcohol was found (at least 5 promile), and there was alcohol catamnesis. \u0000Results. Both in the experimental and sectional material, the stroma of the testicles was characterized by severe circulatory disorders with plethora and stasis in postcapillaries and small veins, edema, and phenomena of perivascular and interstitial sclerosis. The inhibition of spermatogenesis in the sectional material was more pronounced and indicated that it was alcohol that was the main etiopathological factor in the changes found. \u0000Conclusion. Chronic alcohol intoxication (both in rats and men) manifests itself as a damaging effect both directly, with changes in the stroma and testicular parenchyma, and indirectly on the overlying links of the reproductive supersystem (hypothalamus and pituitary gland). The neurotoxic, microangiopathic and disenergetic effects of ethanol inhibit normal spermatogenesis. Ultimately, the negative effect of alcohol from the standpoint of morphological analysis is realized here in the form of hypotesticular conditions, morphological manifestations of the testicular wasting syndrome.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130952345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of damage to the ribs by a blade with a defect in the point. 肋骨被刀尖上有缺陷的刀片损伤的特征。

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.17816/fm734

V. Gurov

{"title":"Features of damage to the ribs by a blade with a defect in the point.","authors":"V. Gurov","doi":"10.17816/fm734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/fm734","url":null,"abstract":"Stab wounds are a common injury in the practice of a forensic pathologist. In addition, such damage often occurs in domestic conditions, for example, in the kitchen during a quarrel, where knives are always at hand. It should be noted that the young, able-bodied part of the population suffers, which makes the problem socially significant. \u0000Knives that have been in use for a long time are rarely in perfect condition; operational defects occur on them. For example, as a result of repeated sharpening, the tip of the blade is rounded. Also, during operation, the tip of the click can bend or even break off. But before studying the impact of such blades on flat bones, it is necessary to study the history of the issue, to familiarize yourself with the work of other scientists. \u0000In the course of studying the scientific literature, it was found that in the study of stab-cut injuries, the authors focus more on damage to the skin and clothing. Morphological features of skeletal bone injuries and the possibility of identification studies on them until the 21st century were described rather poorly. \u0000In order to improve the forensic medical diagnosis of rib injuries caused by blades with point defects based on the study of a complex of morphological features, it is necessary to conduct experimental studies on cadaveric material. \u0000Key words: experimental studies, point defects, stab injuries, forensic medicine.","PeriodicalId":346404,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133081111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0