Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Techno-economic assessment of 1TW Solar and wind system with thermal and pumped hydro energy storage in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Mazen A. Ba-abbad ,&nbsp;Ezzeddine Touti ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Alrougy ,&nbsp;Fahad Alalweet","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saudi Arabia boasts abundant solar and wind energy resources spread across its vast geography, offering renewable energy at lower costs compared to many parts of the world. However, achieving 100% utilization of these resources faces significant challenges due to daily and seasonal variability. While daily and hourly variations can be managed with energy storage batteries, seasonal variations are particularly challenging, making it difficult to incorporate these renewable sources at a high percentage in the energy mix.</div><div>This study explores Saudi Arabia’s potential to export 100% renewable energy, focusing on solar and wind power, by leveraging Pumped Hydro Energy Storage (PHES) and Thermal Energy Storage (TES). It evaluates the country’s wind and solar resources, estimates freshwater needs for large-scale PV projects, and assesses the feasibility of PHES across various provinces. The authors propose preliminary sizing for a 1 TW solar and wind system that integrates both thermal and pumped hydro storage, optimizing solar site selection and capacity to minimize monthly variations.</div><div>The research includes assessments of wind and solar resources in Saudi Arabia, storage methods for large solar and wind energy fractions, and a cost and startup-time comparison of utility-scale storage methods. It also identifies potential PHES locations and provides preliminary sizing for the 1 TW solar and wind system, including optimized solar site and capacity selection to minimize monthly variation. Additionally, the study offers an optimized arrangement of the daily operations of the proposed solar, wind, TES, and PHES system to achieve the lowest possible cost.</div><div>The findings suggest that Saudi Arabia can export nearly 100% of its solar and wind energy, even during nationwide rain or dust storms, with minimal biofuel use. It has the potential to export 1 TW of continuous renewable electricity, equivalent to over 24 million oil barrels, at a cost of less than $36.83 per equivalent oil barrel. The required land area for solar is approximately 137,000 km² (6.4% of total land), and for wind, it is about 73,333 km² (3.4% of total land), which can be integrated with solar fields. The water needed for washing solar panels is around 13.7 million cubic meters per day. The land requirement for PHES ranges from 1000 to 3000 km², with water needs between 1 and 3 million cubic meters per day, depending on elevation differences. The land requirements for Thermal Energy Storage are much smaller and can be easily integrated within the solar and wind farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100871"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticles released during metal-processing operations: A systematic review","authors":"Noemi Paulin ,&nbsp;Roberta Pernetti ,&nbsp;Enrico Bergamaschi ,&nbsp;Enrico Oddone","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal manufacturing processes can incidentally release particles in nanosized range, increasing the likelihood of inhalation exposure to workers. Despite the widespread diffusion of these technologies, there is still a lack of standard occupational exposure values for airborne nanoparticles. Moreover, the limited and fragmented results from in-field monitoring entail a reduced level of awareness of this potential health risk. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the status of knowledge dealing with occupational exposure to incidental metal nanoparticles.</div><div>The main inclusion criterion was the availability of monitored data of nanoparticle incidental release in industrial or experimental settings. By applying the PRISMA workflow, 46 articles were included in the study. The main analyzed processes leading to NPs release were welding, additive manufacturing, plasma cutting and laser cutting. The analyzed works showed a noteworthy nanoparticles release, with measured concentrations significantly higher than the pre-process conditions. Variability in magnitude and pattern was affected by the features of the adopted technology, the processed materials and the monitoring conditions. In general, welding showed the highest average airborne particle concentrations among the analyzed processes. Additive manufacturing was found to be particularly critical during printing and cleaning operations, where, depending on the technology utilized, the average particle concentrations were comparable to those observed in welding.</div><div>The results of the review highlight the relevance of the potential occupational exposure associated to the analyzed technologies and the importance of comparable data from in-field monitoring to define specific benchmarks for controlling the process release and to protect worker's health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarities and contrasts: A comparative study of student perceptions of sustainability in the USA and Germany","authors":"Annett Gabi Grossmann ,&nbsp;Manh Duc Tran ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Liu ,&nbsp;Thomas Kriehn","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the adoption of hybrid electric and hydrogen vehicles in Indonesia: A multi-criteria and total cost of ownership approach","authors":"Hendri Bhirowo ,&nbsp;Indrawati ,&nbsp;Handrea Bernando Tambunan ,&nbsp;Indra Ardhanayudha Aditya ,&nbsp;Refi Rifaldi Windya Giri ,&nbsp;Fasa Maulidan Hakim ,&nbsp;Fayza Najeela Pakutandang","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indonesia faces mounting challenges from climate change and environmental degradation, underscoring the need for sustainable transportation solutions. This study evaluates factors influencing the adoption of Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles (HFCV) using Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) approaches. Eight key factors were analyzed: safety, operational and maintenance costs, initial cost, government incentives, charging speed, resale value, and environmental impact. Findings reveal that safety concerns, particularly for hydrogen vehicles, rank as the highest priority for consumers, followed by cost efficiency and government support. Environmental considerations, while significant, were lower in priority. The study highlights the importance of targeted subsidies, enhanced safety features, and infrastructure investments to overcome barriers to adoption. By providing actionable recommendations, such as raising public awareness of the long-term benefits of environmentally friendly vehicles, this research supports policymakers in driving the transition to sustainable transportation in Indonesia. These insights contribute to addressing rising vehicle emissions and fostering the adoption of HEV⁵, BEV², and HFCV⁶, aligning with Indonesia's broader climate goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100893"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of parameters for the extraction of β-amylase from sweet potato via liquid biphasic floatation","authors":"Avvari Sai Divya ,&nbsp;Clement Yek Kee Chee ,&nbsp;Ng Yan Jer ,&nbsp;Revathy Sankaran ,&nbsp;Angela Paul Peter ,&nbsp;Show Pau Loke","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the application of liquid biphasic flotation (LBF) for the extraction of β-amylase from sweet potato (<em>Ipomoea batatas</em>), aiming to provide a greener and more sustainable alternative to traditional extraction methods. The LBF method combines solvent sublation with liquid biphasic systems, offering potential advantages in terms of energy-efficient extraction, reduced environmental impact, and improved resource efficiency. Experimental investigations were conducted to assess the effects of salt concentration, solvent amount, and flotation time on β-amylase extraction efficiency and separation performance. Results indicate that optimal conditions for β-amylase extraction were achieved at a salt concentration of 0.3 g/mL, a solvent amount of 60 mL, and a flotation time of 15 min with a salt/solvent combination of trisodium citrate and tert-butanol. These optimal conditions resulted in an amylase yield of 18.29%, with a separation efficiency of 0.06% and a purification factor of 291.90. Comparative analysis with liquid biphasic systems (LBS) revealed that the LBF method provided higher efficiency and yield, contributing to more sustainable practices in enzyme extraction. The LBF method shows promise due to its improved performance and potential for reducing the environmental footprint of industrial processes, supporting both innovation and environmental sustainability. This research also studied the effect of various parameters on phase formation and separation efficiency, offering a more thorough understanding of the LBF system that can be applied to future studies with broader sustainability goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing efficiency and sustainability in waste collection fleet operations: A fleet optimization and electrification perspective in a real case study","authors":"M. Ghoreishi ,&nbsp;F. Santori ,&nbsp;L. Carloni ,&nbsp;M. Cresta ,&nbsp;A. Geri ,&nbsp;T. Bragatto","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optimization of municipal solid waste collection presents a dual challenge of improving operational efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. This study addresses these challenges by developing an optimized distribution plan incorporating sustainable development principles within a capacitated vehicle routing problem framework. This research addresses the gap in evaluating the operational cost and environmental impacts of MSW management, particularly focusing on optimizing fleet electrification and waste collection processes. This study aims to fill this gap by proposing an optimization model for waste collection, integrating fleet electrification to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and operational costs. In addition, the optimized fleet routes are utilized in this study to evaluate five electrification scenarios (20%–100% electrification) to analyze economic and environmental impacts using MATLAB. This research focuses on a case study in Narni, Italy, where ASM Terni S.p.A. manages waste collection operations as a multi-utility in Italy. Electrification scenarios show significant reductions in fuel costs and emissions, even exploiting a decision support system that optimally manage charging sessions of the Electric Vehicles after the daily waste collection using available Charging Stations in the headquarters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143097508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-induced texturing: A sustainable approach to self-cleaning mechanisms in solar panel","authors":"Rahool Rai ,&nbsp;Mahadzir Ishak ,&nbsp;Aiman Bin Mohd Halil ,&nbsp;M.M. Quazi ,&nbsp;Sudhakar Kumarasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review paper discusses the application of laser surface texturing as a novel approach for inducing self-cleaning properties in solar panels, with a particular focus on glass surfaces. Despite the limitation in literature on this specific topic, this study integrates available information to provide a comprehensive overview. Apparently, the challenges posed by sunlight reflection and dust accumulation on photovoltaic panels are addressed through the application of anti-reflective and self-cleaning coatings. But coatings consists of hazardous chemicals such as: TiO₂, SiO₂, ZnO, Si₃N₄,MgF₂ and ZrO₂. Therefore, the focus here shifts towards the modern use of laser technology for surface modification. The literature shows involvement of optimization of laser processing parameters, including laser power, scanning speed, repetition rate and their interdependent relation, to achieve super-hydrophobic surfaces. Therefore, emphasis on the significance of understanding the effects of laser parameters on the resulting surface characteristics, such as water contact angle, self-cleaning efficiency, and opacity of the glass is discussed. Several studies conducted for metals show the effectiveness of laser-textured surfaces in mitigating dust accumulation. The discussion also touches upon the challenges and advantages of laser-based texturing, due to cost-effectiveness, precision, and speed. Specifically addressing laser surface texturing for solar self-cleaning applications. This research gathers current information to highlight the remarkable potential of laser technology in improving the performance and longevity of solar panels by instilling self-cleaning properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of an optimized simplified nonlinear active disturbance rejection controller for rotor current control of DFIG-based wind energy system","authors":"Ahmed Sobhy,&nbsp;Medhat Hegazy Elfar,&nbsp;Ahmed Refaat,&nbsp;Mahmoud Fawzi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comparative analysis of three distinct control strategies for rotor current regulation in a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy system (WES) is introduced in this paper. Due to the inherent nonlinear dynamics of DFIG, which increase the system's complexity, conventional proportional-integral (PI) controllers often face limitations in maintaining optimal performance. To address these challenges, an optimized simplified nonlinear active disturbance rejection (SNADR) control strategy, enhanced through the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for parameter tuning, is proposed. This research fills a critical gap in the selection of parameters for SNADR controllers, which are usually tuned by trial and error. The SNADR controller's performance is evaluated against traditional PI and linear active disturbance rejection (LADR) controllers through MATLAB simulations under different operating conditions. The PSO-optimized SNADR controller demonstrates several key advantages such as superior accuracy in tracking rotor current set points under constant wind speeds, robust performance despite wind speed fluctuations, and enhanced resilience against parameter uncertainties by compensating for system nonlinearities. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the SNADR controller achieves faster dynamic response, reduced overshoot, and minimized steady-state error, making it a highly effective solution for improving the performance and reliability of DFIG-WES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100896"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the synergistic impact of freeze-thaw cycles and deicing salts on the properties of cementitious composites incorporating natural fibers and fly ash","authors":"Ildiko Merta ,&nbsp;Vesna Zalar Serjun ,&nbsp;Alenka Mauko Pranjić ,&nbsp;Aljoša Šajna ,&nbsp;Mateja Štefančič ,&nbsp;Bojan Poletanović ,&nbsp;Farshad Ameri ,&nbsp;Ana Mladenović","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2024.100853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In cold climates, concrete structures confront durability challenges due to harsh conditions. This study evaluates the effects of incorporating natural fibers, such as hemp and flax fibers (at 1 vol%), and partially replacing cement with fly ash (at 25 and 50 wt%) on the properties of cementitious composites subjected to accelerated aging under freeze-thaw cycles and deicing salts.</div><div>Findings reveal that natural fibers enhance the freeze-thaw resistance, reducing deterioration (scaling) to 5–8% after 56 cycles. When mortars were subjected to accelerated freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength of plain mortar significantly decreased (up to 57%). However, adding natural fibers to the matrix substantially reduced its compressive strength loss. In the case of flexural strength, plain mortars experienced 33% loss, while hemp, flax, and polypropylene fiber mortars showed only 13%, 23%, and 10% losses, respectively. Furthermore, mortars experience a notable enhancement in their energy absorption capacity when reinforced with natural fibers, particularly with hemp fibers (up to 348% higher than plain mortar).</div><div>Under harsh conditions, hemp and flax-reinforced mortars, with 25 wt% fly ash replacement, lose the compressive strength significantly however still demonstrate an alternative to synthetic fibers in terms of flexural strength. Even with 25 wt% of fly ash, mortars with natural fiber reinforcement display significantly superior energy absorption capacities compared to plain mortars (up to 48%).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100853"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft computing approaches of direct torque control for DFIM Motor's","authors":"Zakariae Sakhri ,&nbsp;El-Houssine Bekkour ,&nbsp;Badre Bossoufi ,&nbsp;Nicu Bizon ,&nbsp;Mishari Metab Almalki ,&nbsp;Thamer A.H. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alenezi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional Direct Torque Control (DTC) is widely used for torque and speed control in doubly-fed induction machines (DFIM). However, it has notable drawbacks, including high torque and flux ripples, which generate acoustic noise and reduce system performance. To address these limitations, several advanced approaches have emerged. This article provides a critical analysis of the following cutting-edge methods: DTC with Space Vector Modulation (DTC-SVM), DTC based on Fuzzy Logic (DTC-FL), DTC using Artificial Neural Networks (DTC-ANN), DTC optimized by Genetic Algorithms (DTC-GA), DTC with Ant Colony Optimization (DTC-ACO), DTC with rooted tree optimization (DTC-RTO), Sliding Mode Control (DTC-SMC), and Predictive DTC (P-DTC). Our evaluation focuses on various aspects: torque and flux ripple reduction, speed tracking improvement, switching losses minimization, algorithmic complexity simplification, and sensitivity reduction to parameter variations. Results show that DTC-ANN and DTC-SVM stand out for their ripple reduction performance, making them particularly suitable for applications requiring high precision. Additionally, DTC-FL and DTC-SMC excel in robustness against system parameter variations, a valuable asset for evolving industrial environments. Optimization approaches such as DTC-GA, DTC-ACO, and DTC-RTO contribute to reducing switching losses and improving energy efficiency, a crucial aspect for large-scale applications. Finally, P-DTC offers excellent dynamics and precise speed tracking, making it ideal for rapid response systems. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers and engineers seeking to optimize modern DTC system performance according to the specific needs of their applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}