Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Crude oil production and simulation from catalytic fast pyrolysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET)","authors":"E. Avalos-Ortecho ,&nbsp;G. Power-Porto ,&nbsp;S. Ponce Alvarez ,&nbsp;M. Gelmi-Candusso ,&nbsp;C. Pardo-Martinez ,&nbsp;G. Concha-Oblitas","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a thermoplastic polymer, is the main raw material in the manufacturing of clear bottles used mainly for water and soft drinks. In 2022, the world plastics production was 400.3 million tons; around 6.2 % corresponds to PET, and only 10 % of it is recycled. PET waste can only be recycled four times because high temperatures generate chemical and physical degradation. This study aims to apply the principles of circular economy to transform PET waste into crude oil through fast catalytic pyrolysis, under N₂ atmosphere at different temperatures and with different quantities of zeolite as a catalyst. The crude oil was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solution quantitative ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR). To compare the test results, a simulation for the pyrolysis reactor was conducted with CHEMCAD software. The result of FTIR analysis showed the presence of carboxylic acids and aliphatic hydroxyl groups, and ¹³C NMR also shows presence of aromatic C–C and C–O bonds, aliphatic C–O and C–C bonds and carbonyl groups. The experimental results, which were comparable to the simulation, also show that a ratio of 12.5 % zeolite catalyst to waste PET helps the decomposition process and reduces the operating temperature needed in the reactor. There is a positive strong correlation between the reactor temperature and pressure. The highest product yield obtained was 20 % crude oil, 7 % solid powder, 16 % pyrolysis char, and 57 % non-condensable gases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical factors for the selection of phase change materials for asphalt mixtures: A systematic review","authors":"David Salvo-Ulloa ,&nbsp;Irune Indacoechea-Vega ,&nbsp;Felipe Ossio ,&nbsp;Daniel Castro-Fresno","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change materials (PCMs) have emerged as a solution to control the in-service temperature of asphalt pavement, minimizing pavement distress and mitigating the effects of the Urban Heat Island (U.H.I.). This review article provides a comprehensive analysis of the critical factors for selecting, incorporating and evaluating a PCM for asphalt mixtures. It explores the types of existing PCMs (organic, inorganic and eutectic) and the methodologies of incorporation into the asphalt mixture according to the PCM format (direct incorporation, carrier materials or encapsulation) and the moment in which it is combined in the asphalt mixture (wet or dry process). It also emphasizes the importance of performing thermal and mechanical tests to verify the properties of the PCM and the impact on the asphalt mixture, together with the conditions under which the PCM is exposed during manufacture, compaction and commissioning of asphalt mixture for a correct selection of the PCM. The results of this review reflect that the most investigated PCM for an asphalt mixture is polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the format of use of PEG has been two carrier materials, SiO2 and Polyacrylamide, while the most used combination in asphalt mixture is the addition of PCM to bitumen before mixing with aggregates. Finally, this review shows that the temperature reduction ranges from 1.5 °C to 10.5 °C and it is noteworthy there is no single solution on the use of a PCM in the asphalt mixture, since it depends on the purpose and the effect to be generated in the pavement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic and life cycle assessment of power-to-formic acid production using direct air capture and green hydrogen","authors":"Gabriela A. Cuevas-Castillo ,&nbsp;Stavros Michailos ,&nbsp;Kevin Hughes ,&nbsp;Derek Ingham ,&nbsp;Freddy Navarro-Pineda ,&nbsp;Mohamed Pourkashanian","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The chemical industry is responsible for a significant portion of global carbon emissions. Defossilising the chemical industry is crucial for achieving climate change targets. Carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) has emerged as a promising alternative for chemicals production. Formic acid is increasingly important in the global economy as a versatile chemical used in agriculture, food preservation, and as a potential hydrogen storage.</div><div>To this direction, this study assesses the environmental and the economic performance of producing formic acid (FA) through a Power-to-Formic Acid (PtFA) process, focusing on the utilisation of green hydrogen and carbon dioxide captured from direct air capture (DAC). A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted, focusing on the climate change, fossil depletion and water consumption, using the ReCiPe Midpoint (H) while the minimum selling price (MSP) has been used as the main economic indicator.</div><div>The economic assessment identified the DAC and the electrolyser as the major contributors to Capital expenditures (CAPEX), while catalyst and electricity cost are the main Operating expenditures (OPEX) contributors. The resulted MSP of the PtFA is more than two times higher than the price of the conventional FA, at £1290 per tonne vs £560 per tonne, respectively. Additionally, the LCA revealed that the PtFA process reduces by 92% the CO₂eq. emissions compared to the conventional production process (190.72 vs. 2190 kg CO₂eq./tonne FA), uses 94% less water, and consumes 92% fewer fossil resources. The primary drivers of carbon emissions are the chemicals consumed in FA synthesis, and electricity generation.</div><div>This study provided new and important information regarding a sustainable chemical industry and it is the first attempt to holistically assess from a technical, economic and environmental perspective a PtFA process that contributes to the defossilisation efforts of the chemicals sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming parasitic weeds into sustainable natural dyes: A study of wool dyeing with Orobanche plant extract","authors":"Sahereh Sepahi,&nbsp;Hossein Barani,&nbsp;Faezeh Khazaee","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the use of <em>Orobanche</em> plant extract, a parasitic weed that negatively impacts crops, as an innovative and sustainable natural dye for wool fibers. This dual-purpose approach seeks to repurpose an agricultural nuisance into a valuable dye source, thereby addressing the environmental challenges associated with synthetic dyes. The research examines the effects of dyeing conditions and various metal mordants on the color characteristics, fastness properties, and mechanical performance of the dyed wool. The selection of the <em>Orobanche</em> plant is supported by its rich content of phenylpropanoid glycosides, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which offer a wide range of colors. UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of key chromophores, indicating the extract's suitability for dyeing applications. Comprehensive color assessment and fastness evaluation demonstrated the influence of factors such as pH, mordant type, and dye concentration on color strength and hue angle. Fastness properties showed that copper mordant provided the best light fastness, while aluminum was the least effective. Mechanical analysis showed that tin mordant significantly reduced fiber tenacity due to its impact on disulfide bonds, whereas aluminum and iron mordants had minimal effects on strength. This research establishes <em>Orobanche</em> extract as an eco-friendly dye source that, when optimized, can produce wool textiles with desirable color properties, durability, and mechanical integrity. The findings promote sustainable dyeing practices by transforming a problematic weed into an eco-conscious alternative to synthetic dyes, contributing to environmental conservation and waste reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel time-fractional modeling for parabolic trough collectors using mono/hybrid nanofluids and nanocoating","authors":"Mohamed R. Abdo ,&nbsp;Manal E. Ali ,&nbsp;Swellam W. Sharshir ,&nbsp;I.L. El-Kalla","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel time-fractional model to simulate the behaviour of double U-tube parabolic trough collectors (PTCs). The model's parameters, including the fractional order, were optimized to achieve the closest agreement with experimental measurements obtained in Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. Subsequently, the optimal model was used to study the variations in the thermal performance's results for summer and winter conditions, and to investigate the potential for enhancing the PTC thermal performance by incorporating different nanomaterial types at different concentrations individually and in mixture into the PTC's heat transfer fluid (HTF) and absorber tube coating. The optimum solution obtained was for the case of <span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.64</mn></mrow></math></span> at which the calculated average water outlet temperature was <span><math><mrow><mn>56.15</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span> compared with an average value of <span><math><mrow><mn>56.22</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>°</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></math></span> obtained from experimental results. For the case of nanofluids, several types were introduced at different concentrations individually and in the mixture, including Titanium dioxide (TiO₂), Copper oxide (CuO) and Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃). Thermophysical properties of the introduced hybrid nanofluids were calculated and plotted for various internal concentrations as well. For the case of using nanocoating, the addition of nanomaterials was carried out in two scenarios; the first one represents adding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with specific mass concentration, while the second one represents adding an equal mixture of CNTs and CuO nanoparticles (1:1) with the same total specific mass concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of methane production through co-digestion of pig manure with napier grass","authors":"Ariya Santaweesuk ,&nbsp;Apichart Artnaseaw ,&nbsp;Chatchai Benjapiyaporn","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkali-pretreated Napier grass (NG) was applied as a substrate to increase biogas yields in a mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion system with pig manure (PM). The goal was to identify optimal conditions for maximizing methane yield and improving the efficient use of these materials for sustainable energy. A laboratory-scale setup was used, applying Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. Key variables included PM/NG ratio (1:2, 1.25:1, 2:1), organic loading rate (OLR) (0.5, 1, 1.5 g VS/L), and total solids content (TS) (1%, 3%, 5% was evaluated, with cumulative methane yield serving as the response variable. The optimal methane production from co-digesting PM and NG was found under conditions with a PM/NG ratio of 1.18, OLR of 0.62 g VS/L, and TS of 4.8%. Under these conditions, methane yield was predicted to be 331.59 mL/gVS, which closely approximated the experimentally observed value of 324.89 mL/gVS. This correspondence confirmed the validity of the optimization results. The kinetic study showed that the Modified Gompertz model accurately captured methane production dynamics, with a high R². Additionally, significant quadratic effects for the three parameters and notable linear impacts of OLR and TS on biogas production were observed during the co-digestion process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ready, set, …rollout? – The role of heterogeneous actors and proximities in the delayed smart meter rollout in Germany","authors":"Sabrina Paustian ,&nbsp;Julia Köhlke ,&nbsp;Jannika Mattes ,&nbsp;Sebastian Lehnhoff","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current technological developments for the energy transition are becoming increasingly digitalised as they integrate Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Nonetheless, we know little about how these digitalisation processes occur. This paper aims to understand the role of heterogeneous actors in a specific digitalisation process, namely the rollout of smart meters in Germany. Smart meters are widely considered as a key technology to both the digitalisation of the energy sector and a further acceleration of the energy transition. As the smart meter rollout in Germany did not occur smoothly, we argue that there is more to that than technological and legal aspects. Instead, the involved actors such as producers, public authorities and distribution system operators (DSO) with diverse knowledge and interests are key to understanding the implementation inefficiencies, i.e.in this case: a significant delay. To disentangle these challenges, we draw on Boschma (2005) proximity model. It offers a multi-faceted view of actor heterogeneity by considering five different aspects: cognitive, organisational, institutional, social and geographical proximities. Our case study with expert interviews reveals multiple reasons for the delay, including knowledge boundaries, new business models or working practices. Disentangling these, the paper shows the importance of actor constellations in digitalisation processes in the energy transition and thereby contributes to the debate on the interrelatedness of digitalisation and transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stabilization of red mud using mineral carbonation","authors":"Saranyadevi Duraisamy,&nbsp;Piyush Chaunsali","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral carbonation is a promising technique to reduce the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration via precipitation of stable carbonates. This study examined the mineralization potential of red mud, a byproduct of the aluminium manufacturing industry. The alkaline nature of red mud has hindered its widespread utilization, causing issues associated with its storage and disposal. The limited calcium concentration and high iron content pose challenges with regard to CO₂ mineralization, and the optimal conditions for mineralization have not been explored well. In the present study, three different temperatures (25 °C, 45 °C, and 65 °C) at high pressure of 10 bar were employed to study the mineralization potential of red mud. The red mud mineralized at 45 °C outperformed others. After mineralization, compressive strength increased by 11.6 %, 64 %, and 50 % at 25 °C, 45 °C, and 65 °C, respectively. A marginal increase in calcite precipitation and noticeable reduction (720–510 nm) in critical pore size was observed due to mineralization at 45 °C. Microstructural study revealed that the hematite phase in the red mud provided nucleation site for the carbonate phase, contributing to a denser microstructure. The agglomeration of mineralized phases indicated a marginal increase in true density, leading to a denser microstructure and higher strength after mineralization. Furthermore, dimensional stability (in water immersion) and acid neutralization capacity of mineralized red mud were examined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the adoption of pay-per-month business models: A theoretical framework and behavioral analysis in the context of white goods in Guayas province, Ecuador","authors":"J. Hidalgo-Crespo ,&nbsp;J.L. Amaya-Rivas ,&nbsp;J.D. Cabrera-Abad ,&nbsp;Andreas Riel","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to increasing environmental concerns, this study explores the adoption of a pay-per-month (PPM) model in the white goods sector in Guayas province, Ecuador, within the framework of the circular economy (CE). The research integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Norm Activation Model (NAM) to assess consumer behavior and preferences. Using a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE), data were collected from 3267 respondents, evaluating the impact of psychographic factors on PPM model acceptance for products like refrigerators, stoves, and washing machines. Results show that ecological intentions, personal norms, and attitudes significantly influence acceptance. The study reveals that greater consumer education and policy incentives on the environmental benefits of PPM models can drive higher adoption rates. This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive framework that merges TPB and NAM methodologies, addressing gaps in understanding consumer motivations in circular business models such as PPM. Additionally, while the focus is on Guayas, the insights gained may have broader applicability in similar developing regions. However, the study also acknowledges limitations related to geographic and socio-economic differences, suggesting avenues for future research to explore the PPM model's viability across diverse contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance enhancement of drone LiB state of charge using extended Kalman filter algorithm","authors":"Kamal Anoune ,&nbsp;Ismail El Kafazi ,&nbsp;Anas El Maliki ,&nbsp;Badre Bossoufi ,&nbsp;Badr NASIRI ,&nbsp;Hana Zekraoui ,&nbsp;Mishari Metab Almalki ,&nbsp;Thamer A.H. Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alenezi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a more accurate approach to managing drone batteries by improving how the state of charge (SoC) is estimated, focusing on energy efficiency and environmental impact. The key innovation lies in developing a mathematical model to assess battery behavior, combined with Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization testing and Recursive Least Squares with Forgetting Factor for parameter identification. To enhance the battery management system, the study integrates the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), which overcomes the limitations of traditional linear filters and provides more precise SoC estimation. This approach reduces energy waste and extends battery life, directly supporting sustainable engineering practices. A developed MATLAB-based framework ensures real-time monitoring and optimized battery performance, minimizing the risk of power depletion during flight. The results demonstrate that the proposed SoC_EKF method significantly outperforms the conventional SoC_AH approach, achieving a lower estimation error (1.93 × 10⁻⁴ vs. 7.21 × 10⁻⁴), leading to improved energy efficiency, reduced carbon footprint, and more reliable, eco-friendly drone operations for clean technology applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}