Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Waste-derived CaO from green mussel shells as a highly stabilized and superior sorbent for cyclic CO2 capture","authors":"Muhammad Dody Isnaini ,&nbsp;Bunjerd Jongsomjit ,&nbsp;Alex C.K. Yip ,&nbsp;Muenduen Phisalaphong","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A citric acid-assisted sol-gel method was applied to synthesize green calcium oxide (CaO) sorbents from diverse natural waste (eggshells, crab shells, and green mussel shells for effective CO₂ capture). Among them, CaO-gms derived from green mussel shells displayed the most advantageous porous morphological structure with a coral-like finger structure and the largest BET surface area and pore volume for textural properties. These properties play a crucial role in the diffusion of CO₂ through the pores and surface layer to enhance the interaction of CO₂ and interior CaO particles, promoting the highest CO₂ capture capacity. CaO-gms demonstrates a remarkable CO₂ uptake of 0.69 g -CO₂/g-sorbent (or 0.75 g -CO₂/g -CaO) at 700 °C, with 15 vol% inlet CO₂ concentration and a total gas flow rate of 100 mL/min. The sorbent was investigated for its sintering resistance, as it has been a major issue for large-scale deployment of cyclic CO₂ capture technology. CaO-gms exhibited robust cyclic performance in carbonation/calcination reactions with no sign of crystallite agglomeration (XRD analysis), maintaining a CO₂ uptake of approximately 0.65 g -CO₂/g -sorbent (or 0.71 g -CO₂/g -CaO) after 20 cycles. The results highlight the excellent resistance of the sorbent to crystallite sintering during the carbonation/calcination reaction sequence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in energy-efficient construction: Pioneering sustainable building practices","authors":"A.A. Firoozi ,&nbsp;D.O. Oyejobi ,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Firoozi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study critically examines the role of advanced energy-efficient materials and methodologies in substantially reducing the excessive energy demands of building construction, a key factor for mitigating environmental impacts. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, including a comprehensive literature review and analysis of multiple case studies, we delve into historical trends and current practices, assessing the potential of innovative materials to transform sustainable construction. Our findings reveal that the adoption of low-carbon materials and bioclimatic design principles can lead to a reduction in energy consumption by up to 30 % and CO₂ emissions by up to 25 %. The integration of these materials and methods not only overcomes the limitations of traditional construction techniques but also significantly enhances the sustainability and operational efficiency of buildings. We advocate for the widespread adoption of these advanced practices across the construction industry, emphasizing the need for cohesive regulatory frameworks to facilitate this transition. This study underscores the crucial impact of strategic material selection and innovative design in achieving substantial energy efficiency improvements in the building sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of floating solar photovoltaic potential and water conservation in Morocco: Case studies of four hydroelectric dams","authors":"Abdelilah Mouhaya ,&nbsp;Aboubakr El Hammoumi ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz El Ghzizal ,&nbsp;Saad Motahhir","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the integration of floating photovoltaic systems (FPVS) into four hydroelectric dams located in Morocco's Sebou basin. The research evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of installing solar panels on reservoir surfaces, considering three coverage scenarios: 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % of the total reservoir area. Using the System Advisor Model, the results show that with only 5 % FPVS coverage, nearly one million people (87 % of the population of Fes city) could be supplied with electricity. Additionally, implementing floating photovoltaic systems with 10 % coverage could increase annual power generation by 185 %, equivalent to an additional 1270 GWh per year. Furthermore, the use of floating photovoltaic systems is expected to significantly reduce water evaporation, saving up to 11.93 million cubic meters of water annually with 15 % coverage. From an economic perspective, the levelized cost of electricity is estimated at approximately $0.07/kWh across all scenarios. The net present value is positive for all scenarios, indicating that financial returns outweigh installation costs, while the internal rate of return exceeds 10 % in each case. This study demonstrates that deploying floating photovoltaic systems represents a sustainable approach to enhancing clean energy production and conserving water resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light attenuation as a substitute for nutrient supply for maximizing protein content in Gracilaria cornea (Rhodophyta): Modeling nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation using a pharmacokinetic approach","authors":"Niva Tadmor-Shalev ,&nbsp;Dan Tchernov ,&nbsp;Andrea Ghermandi ,&nbsp;Eli Shemesh ,&nbsp;Álvaro Israel ,&nbsp;Anna Brook","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study explores the potential of utilizing light stress as an alternative to nutrient pulse feeding to maximize protein content in a marine red seaweed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A land-based setup of seaweed culture tanks was established over two seasons in the easternmost Mediterranean Sea in Israel. Culture tanks were randomly assigned to different regimes of light intensity and nutrient pulse feeding. In-situ spectral measurements and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm were used to determine protein content accumulation. A pharmacokinetic approach determined nutrient dose efficacy and a decision support model identified biotic and abiotic factors affecting protein yield and optimal harvesting day.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cultivation day, treated as a nominal classification fixed variable, was significant in capturing the non-linear response of protein expression. Pulse feeding dosage at the start point and light intensity attenuation were also significant. Results demonstrated a regulated relationship between light attenuation and nutrient assimilation, modulating an adaptive biochemical response of protein manifestation utilized for photosynthesis. Optimal protein content of 19.08 % of seaweed dry weight was achieved at day 14, regardless of fertilization regimes. This was stimulated by high-level pulse additions of 2.0 mM NH4+ and 0.2 mM PO₄³⁻ at the start, followed by nitrogen starvation and light intensity attenuation to around 8 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The suggested cultivation strategy enhances photosynthetic activity and protein biosynthesis, reducing the need for inorganic fertilization and associated costs. This approach promotes environmental and financial sustainability in protein enriched seaweed production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal drying on the physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of drinking water treatment sludge","authors":"Juscimara Rodrigues Silva,&nbsp;Magda Hirsch de Carvalho,&nbsp;Amanda Maria Dantas de Jesus,&nbsp;Fabiana Alves Fiore","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proper management and handling of drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) is complex due to the quantity of sludge generated after treatment, the composition of the sludge, and the need to dry the material before its beneficial use or final disposal. Studies on the drying and feasibility of beneficial use of DWTS have been carried out on a laboratory scale, but few real-life applications have been proposed. This applied research is aimed at evaluating the effects of full-scale thermal drying on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of DWTS produced in Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP), during two different climatic seasons (dry and rainy). For this purpose, the thermal drying process was described, and an exploratory analysis of the characteristics of the sludge before and after thermal drying was performed. Analyses were carried out on raw mass and on leached and solubilized extracts of DWTS samples, considering the Brazilian standard and the US standard for characterizing the risks to human and environmental health of waste. The results showed that the thermal drying process provided a reduction in the moisture content of DWTS of 62 % in the dry period and 74 % in the rainy season. It was also observed that thermal drying leads to the inactivation of microorganisms and that the resulting product brings benefits to the other stages of managing this waste. Furthermore, it also showed that the centrifuged sludges can be classified as non-hazardous and non-inert waste if the results of the analyses carried out on dry mass and solubilized extracts are considered. However, the presence of the elements: barium, chromium, and mercury, in the leached extracts, highlights the need for complementary toxicity testing for the proper classification of these wastes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of various feedstock alkyl esters on fuel lubrication and properties","authors":"Anupap Pumpuang ,&nbsp;Niti Klinkaew ,&nbsp;Kimhuoy Yoeng ,&nbsp;Liza Hin ,&nbsp;Atthaphon Maneedaeng ,&nbsp;Ekarong Sukjit","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined how different feedstocks and alcohol types affect biodiesel properties and lubrication performance. Five feedstocks (palm, sunflower, rice bran, pork lard, and rapeseed) were transesterified using methanol and ethanol, followed by comprehensive analysis of their properties and lubricity characteristics according to ASTM standards and ISO 12156–1. Gas chromatography revealed distinct fatty acid profiles across feedstocks, with unsaturated fatty acids ranging from 53.4 % to 91.1 %. Ethyl esters demonstrated 5.47–16.65 % higher kinematic viscosity but improved lubrication properties compared to methyl esters, showing up to 13.9 % smaller wear scar diameters and 4–25 % shallower wear depths in high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) tests. Notably, biodiesels from feedstocks with higher polyunsaturated fatty acid content, particularly sunflower (58.7 %), exhibited superior lubricity with wear scar diameters of 150–156.5 μm. While ethyl esters showed better lubrication, methyl esters demonstrated 0.42–0.80 % higher density and 1.92–5.88 % higher heating values. Surface analysis at 3000x and 10000x magnification revealed similar wear patterns across all biodiesel samples, suggesting that ester type has minimal impact on metallic structure formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining economic and energy system modelling for assessing long-term energy transition strategies","authors":"Sini Huhtinen,&nbsp;Juha Forsström,&nbsp;Esa Pursiheimo,&nbsp;Pihla Kössi,&nbsp;Miika Rämä","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>District heating, achieved through integrating renewable and excess heat sources, can significantly contribute to emission reduction targets in the heating sector. A crucial factor is adopting low-temperature distribution, known as 4th generation district heating (4GDH), which enhances efficiency and utilization of low-carbon heat sources.</div><div>This paper presents a novel methodology combining 1) a DH company-level economic model implemented in General Algebraic Modeling System with 2) an energy system model based on Backbone modelling framework, for modelling energy transition in a DH system. This approach considers both the realistic economic constraints that a DH company would have while also providing an accurate, hourly-level perspective on how the system is operated. The approach is ideal for assessing realistic transition pathways to low-temperature distribution and supports decision-making in realizing the 4GDH systems.</div><div>The methodology is presented as a demonstration case for a small DH system located in Kitee, Finland. The results showcase the key features of the modeling approaches, including the development of the market share and price of DH in different competition environments, and the investment path in the transition and its impact on the long-term finances of the DH company. The market share of low temperature district heat varied between 18 and 74 % among the modelled cases. The results demonstrate that different competition cases produce considerably different outcomes on how the DH system evolves and how low-temperature DH gains market share.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing carbon sequestration and performance of concrete masonry blocks containing alkaline industrial waste","authors":"Jad Bawab ,&nbsp;Hilal El-Hassan ,&nbsp;Amr El-Dieb ,&nbsp;Jamal Khatib","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to optimize the carbon sequestration, compressive strength, and water transport properties (i.e., water absorption and volume of permeable voids) of concrete masonry blocks incorporating calcium carbide residue (CCR) as a partial cement replacement. The Taguchi design of experiments was utilized to study the influence of CCR replacement percentage, initial air curing duration, carbonation duration, and CO₂ gas pressure on the performance responses. These response criteria include CO₂ uptake, carbonation depth, compressive strength, water absorption, and volume of permeable voids. The concrete mixture proportions were then optimized for superior performance. The results highlight that a CCR replacement level of 10 % was required for optimum carbon sequestration potential, while only 5 % was optimum for superior strength and water transport properties. To maximize each performance criterion, the carbonation process parameters comprised an initial air curing duration of 20 h, a carbonation curing duration of 20 h, and a CO₂ pressure of 5 bars. Analysis of variance showed that the initial air curing duration was the most contributing factor to the CO₂ sequestration potential. In contrast, the CCR content was decisive for strength and water transport properties. Microstructural analysis unveiled that calcite formed abundantly in optimum mixes with the consumption of calcium hydroxide. Compared to a hydrated counterpart, using the optimum mix containing 10 % CCR in concrete masonry applications would emit a 31 % lower carbon footprint, sequester 50 million tons of CO₂, consume 10 % less cement, and valorize up to 23 million tons of CCR industrial waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of a beneficiation process to remove carbonates from lithium sedimentary claystones","authors":"Sabinus Essel Arthur,&nbsp;Emmanuel Atta Mends,&nbsp;Angela Manka Tita,&nbsp;Pengbo Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sedimentary claystones found in Nevada have emerged as a new source of lithium. However, processing these claystones faces several challenges due to the significant presence of carbonates such as calcite. These carbonates not only increase acid consumption during leaching but also result in the generation of pure carbon dioxide. Using conventional beneficiation techniques to remove the carbonates from the claystones is challenging because the particle size of the claystones is too fine to allow those techniques to work effectively. Another aspect is that the lithium in these claystones is associated with clay minerals, which are typically deemed gangue in other mineral processing operations, and that there are no readily available processing strategies to recover the clay minerals as valuable minerals. In this study, a beneficiation process involving the use of attrition scrubbing, enhanced gravity separation via a lab-scale Falcon concentrator, and a chemical dispersant was developed to remove calcite from three different sedimentary claystones, including illitic, calcium-rich, and magnesium-rich smectite claystones found in Nevada. The study showed that the light stream of the Falcon concentrator, which is typically considered the waste stream, contained concentrated lithium with less calcite. Significant separations were achieved using the Falcon ultrafine (UF) bowl operated at a maximum speed of 2333 rpm through a two-stage process consisting of roughing and cleaning stages. The most notable separation was observed for the calcium-rich smectite claystone, which yielded a recovery of 84 % lithium with 73 % calcium removal in the final light stream. Although the current investigation was conducted at a lab scale, the findings provide compelling evidence that enhanced gravity-based beneficiation can be a possible route to upgrade the lithium sedimentary claystones to make the downstream extraction more sustainable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lithium-ion battery recycling pre-processing with electrochemical discharge: Enhancing gas product analysis and pH monitoring","authors":"Martina Bruno ,&nbsp;Silvia Fiore ,&nbsp;Annukka Santasalo-Aarnio","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient discharge of Lithium-ion Batteries (LIBs) ensures safe recycling. Electrochemical discharge commonly uses NaCl solutions, causing severe corrosion of battery casing and a release of hazardous gases. This work proposes a novel setup to explore a gaseous product formation during electrochemical discharge processes with low gas quantities, in non-corrosive carbonates solutions (Na₂CO₃ and K₂CO₃). Two discharge setups were tested over 120 h: a conventional setup with a single battery completely immersed in the electrolyte; and a novel half-cells setup with two batteries in series, connected through a platinum wire, and partially immersed in the electrolyte. The two setups showed consistent discharge curves and pH trends, without corrosion. After 70 h, the residual voltage of new LIBs (3.8 V) dropped below the safety threshold (2V, 45 ± 1 % of initial voltage for Na₂CO₃ and 50 % ± 1 % for K₂CO₃). H₂ production was observed during the first 11 h for Na₂CO₃ (1722 ± 400 ppm/h) and 9 h for K₂CO₃ (1519 ± 670 ppm/h), with peaks at 2000–2300 ppm/h after 3–5 h while O₂ and CO₂ production was below the detection limit of the detector (0.1 %-vol for O₂, 50 ppm for CO₂). pH trends in the aqueous electrolytes (pH increased from 11.5 to 11.6 to 12.5 ± 0.48 pH units after 3 h in Na₂CO₃, and 12.06 ± 0.06 after 4 h in K₂CO₃) matched H₂ production and the formulation of the hydroxyl ions. The half-cell setup confirmed that H₂ release at negative half-cell, increasing the pH of discharge solution. These results presented a safe method for LIBs discharge, avoiding corrosion and hazardous gases release.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}