Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Utilizing low-cost mausambi peel-derived adsorbents for the effective treatment of complex industrial dye mixture in wastewater: Unravelling the adsorption mechanism","authors":"Stuti Jha ,&nbsp;Rama Gaur ,&nbsp;Syed Shahabuddin ,&nbsp;Inderjeet Tyagi ,&nbsp;Jayant Giri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kanan","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex nature of wastewater due to the presence of multiple contaminants has made water treatment a tedious process. The development of effective adsorbents which are capable of removing multiple contaminants from wastewater is the call of the hour. The present study investigates the potential of mausambi-peel (MP) derived adsorbents for the removal of a dyes from a complex mixture of both cationic and anionic dyes (methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB), and crystal violet (CV)), which are lacking in the existing available reports. A series of samples were prepared by pyrolysis of MP at 300, 500, and 700 °C. The pyrolyzed samples prepared at 300 °C (MP3) was found to exhibit maximum efficiency in individual adsorption studies showing removal of 97.68 %, 29.11 %, and 75.27 % for MB, RhB, and CV, respectively. No adsorption of MO was observed. MP3 was further explored for simultaneous removal of dyes from a synthetic dye mixture and exhibited a removal of 50.80 %. Kinetic, pH, and isothermal studies were also performed for more in-depth knowledge regarding the nature of adsorption. Thus, the highlight/novelty of this study includes, use of low-cost adsorbent as a one-point solution to the existing pollution challenge to simultaneously treat cationic and anionic dyes and a detailed adsorption mechanism for each dye in acidic in basic medium. The present study contributes to the real-time treatment of the wastewater and is one of few reports available on treatment of complex dye mixture with more than two dyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in energy-efficient construction: Pioneering sustainable building practices","authors":"A.A. Firoozi ,&nbsp;D.O. Oyejobi ,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Firoozi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study critically examines the role of advanced energy-efficient materials and methodologies in substantially reducing the excessive energy demands of building construction, a key factor for mitigating environmental impacts. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, including a comprehensive literature review and analysis of multiple case studies, we delve into historical trends and current practices, assessing the potential of innovative materials to transform sustainable construction. Our findings reveal that the adoption of low-carbon materials and bioclimatic design principles can lead to a reduction in energy consumption by up to 30 % and CO₂ emissions by up to 25 %. The integration of these materials and methods not only overcomes the limitations of traditional construction techniques but also significantly enhances the sustainability and operational efficiency of buildings. We advocate for the widespread adoption of these advanced practices across the construction industry, emphasizing the need for cohesive regulatory frameworks to facilitate this transition. This study underscores the crucial impact of strategic material selection and innovative design in achieving substantial energy efficiency improvements in the building sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of drone development in Iran's agricultural sector: The application of the TOWS analysis","authors":"Zahra Khoshnodifar ,&nbsp;Pouria Ataei ,&nbsp;Hamid Karimi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the increasing adoption of modern technologies in agriculture and the challenges associated with the acceptance and development of drones in this sector, the present research aimed to analyze the challenges of drone application in Iran's agriculture in order to propose some effective strategies. The research is an applied study in goal and an exploratory study in data collection procedure conducted by the survey method. The statistical population was composed of experts in agriculture drones in higher educational centers, research centers, and agriculture organizations. The results show that the most important strength of the use of agriculture drones in the internal space is the reduction of the work burden on humans and the application of liquid fertilizers and pesticides with relatively fast speed and high precision. The most important weaknesses are the high cost of computer software and the need for heavy initial capital for platforms and equipment in terrestrial drone stations. In the external space, the main opportunities are the possibility of air-based sampling of the density and propagation of fungi, disease, and rotting vectors, helping to predict disease outbreaks, collecting information on disease agents, performing control and prevention actions, and spraying chemicals to protect the plants. The main threat is poor expert consultation in the establishment and development of drone companies. The analysis of the strategic space reveals that the environment for the use of drones in the agricultural sector of Iran is in the realm of competitive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of floating solar photovoltaic potential and water conservation in Morocco: Case studies of four hydroelectric dams","authors":"Abdelilah Mouhaya ,&nbsp;Aboubakr El Hammoumi ,&nbsp;Abdelaziz El Ghzizal ,&nbsp;Saad Motahhir","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the integration of floating photovoltaic systems (FPVS) into four hydroelectric dams located in Morocco's Sebou basin. The research evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of installing solar panels on reservoir surfaces, considering three coverage scenarios: 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % of the total reservoir area. Using the System Advisor Model, the results show that with only 5 % FPVS coverage, nearly one million people (87 % of the population of Fes city) could be supplied with electricity. Additionally, implementing floating photovoltaic systems with 10 % coverage could increase annual power generation by 185 %, equivalent to an additional 1270 GWh per year. Furthermore, the use of floating photovoltaic systems is expected to significantly reduce water evaporation, saving up to 11.93 million cubic meters of water annually with 15 % coverage. From an economic perspective, the levelized cost of electricity is estimated at approximately $0.07/kWh across all scenarios. The net present value is positive for all scenarios, indicating that financial returns outweigh installation costs, while the internal rate of return exceeds 10 % in each case. This study demonstrates that deploying floating photovoltaic systems represents a sustainable approach to enhancing clean energy production and conserving water resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light attenuation as a substitute for nutrient supply for maximizing protein content in Gracilaria cornea (Rhodophyta): Modeling nitrogen and phosphorus supplementation using a pharmacokinetic approach","authors":"Niva Tadmor-Shalev ,&nbsp;Dan Tchernov ,&nbsp;Andrea Ghermandi ,&nbsp;Eli Shemesh ,&nbsp;Álvaro Israel ,&nbsp;Anna Brook","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study explores the potential of utilizing light stress as an alternative to nutrient pulse feeding to maximize protein content in a marine red seaweed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A land-based setup of seaweed culture tanks was established over two seasons in the easternmost Mediterranean Sea in Israel. Culture tanks were randomly assigned to different regimes of light intensity and nutrient pulse feeding. In-situ spectral measurements and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm were used to determine protein content accumulation. A pharmacokinetic approach determined nutrient dose efficacy and a decision support model identified biotic and abiotic factors affecting protein yield and optimal harvesting day.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cultivation day, treated as a nominal classification fixed variable, was significant in capturing the non-linear response of protein expression. Pulse feeding dosage at the start point and light intensity attenuation were also significant. Results demonstrated a regulated relationship between light attenuation and nutrient assimilation, modulating an adaptive biochemical response of protein manifestation utilized for photosynthesis. Optimal protein content of 19.08 % of seaweed dry weight was achieved at day 14, regardless of fertilization regimes. This was stimulated by high-level pulse additions of 2.0 mM NH4+ and 0.2 mM PO₄³⁻ at the start, followed by nitrogen starvation and light intensity attenuation to around 8 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The suggested cultivation strategy enhances photosynthetic activity and protein biosynthesis, reducing the need for inorganic fertilization and associated costs. This approach promotes environmental and financial sustainability in protein enriched seaweed production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of thermal drying on the physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of drinking water treatment sludge","authors":"Juscimara Rodrigues Silva,&nbsp;Magda Hirsch de Carvalho,&nbsp;Amanda Maria Dantas de Jesus,&nbsp;Fabiana Alves Fiore","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The proper management and handling of drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) is complex due to the quantity of sludge generated after treatment, the composition of the sludge, and the need to dry the material before its beneficial use or final disposal. Studies on the drying and feasibility of beneficial use of DWTS have been carried out on a laboratory scale, but few real-life applications have been proposed. This applied research is aimed at evaluating the effects of full-scale thermal drying on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of DWTS produced in Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTP), during two different climatic seasons (dry and rainy). For this purpose, the thermal drying process was described, and an exploratory analysis of the characteristics of the sludge before and after thermal drying was performed. Analyses were carried out on raw mass and on leached and solubilized extracts of DWTS samples, considering the Brazilian standard and the US standard for characterizing the risks to human and environmental health of waste. The results showed that the thermal drying process provided a reduction in the moisture content of DWTS of 62 % in the dry period and 74 % in the rainy season. It was also observed that thermal drying leads to the inactivation of microorganisms and that the resulting product brings benefits to the other stages of managing this waste. Furthermore, it also showed that the centrifuged sludges can be classified as non-hazardous and non-inert waste if the results of the analyses carried out on dry mass and solubilized extracts are considered. However, the presence of the elements: barium, chromium, and mercury, in the leached extracts, highlights the need for complementary toxicity testing for the proper classification of these wastes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of various feedstock alkyl esters on fuel lubrication and properties","authors":"Anupap Pumpuang ,&nbsp;Niti Klinkaew ,&nbsp;Kimhuoy Yoeng ,&nbsp;Liza Hin ,&nbsp;Atthaphon Maneedaeng ,&nbsp;Ekarong Sukjit","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined how different feedstocks and alcohol types affect biodiesel properties and lubrication performance. Five feedstocks (palm, sunflower, rice bran, pork lard, and rapeseed) were transesterified using methanol and ethanol, followed by comprehensive analysis of their properties and lubricity characteristics according to ASTM standards and ISO 12156–1. Gas chromatography revealed distinct fatty acid profiles across feedstocks, with unsaturated fatty acids ranging from 53.4 % to 91.1 %. Ethyl esters demonstrated 5.47–16.65 % higher kinematic viscosity but improved lubrication properties compared to methyl esters, showing up to 13.9 % smaller wear scar diameters and 4–25 % shallower wear depths in high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) tests. Notably, biodiesels from feedstocks with higher polyunsaturated fatty acid content, particularly sunflower (58.7 %), exhibited superior lubricity with wear scar diameters of 150–156.5 μm. While ethyl esters showed better lubrication, methyl esters demonstrated 0.42–0.80 % higher density and 1.92–5.88 % higher heating values. Surface analysis at 3000x and 10000x magnification revealed similar wear patterns across all biodiesel samples, suggesting that ester type has minimal impact on metallic structure formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining economic and energy system modelling for assessing long-term energy transition strategies","authors":"Sini Huhtinen,&nbsp;Juha Forsström,&nbsp;Esa Pursiheimo,&nbsp;Pihla Kössi,&nbsp;Miika Rämä","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>District heating, achieved through integrating renewable and excess heat sources, can significantly contribute to emission reduction targets in the heating sector. A crucial factor is adopting low-temperature distribution, known as 4th generation district heating (4GDH), which enhances efficiency and utilization of low-carbon heat sources.</div><div>This paper presents a novel methodology combining 1) a DH company-level economic model implemented in General Algebraic Modeling System with 2) an energy system model based on Backbone modelling framework, for modelling energy transition in a DH system. This approach considers both the realistic economic constraints that a DH company would have while also providing an accurate, hourly-level perspective on how the system is operated. The approach is ideal for assessing realistic transition pathways to low-temperature distribution and supports decision-making in realizing the 4GDH systems.</div><div>The methodology is presented as a demonstration case for a small DH system located in Kitee, Finland. The results showcase the key features of the modeling approaches, including the development of the market share and price of DH in different competition environments, and the investment path in the transition and its impact on the long-term finances of the DH company. The market share of low temperature district heat varied between 18 and 74 % among the modelled cases. The results demonstrate that different competition cases produce considerably different outcomes on how the DH system evolves and how low-temperature DH gains market share.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater quality assessment in urban parts of Vellore city, India: Focusing on Nitrogen Species contamination and its health risk analysis","authors":"Daggupati Sridhar,&nbsp;Sundaram Parimalarenganayaki","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen contamination in groundwater is a global issue, particularly in urban areas of developing nations, where identifying pollution sources is critical for sustainable groundwater management. This study undertook a comprehensive investigation of nitrogenous compounds, hydrogeochemical parameters, and seasonal variations in groundwater in Vellore City, Tamil Nadu, with a focus on nitrate contamination and its associated health risks. A total of 256 groundwater samples were systematically collected from Vellore city, Tamil Nadu, with 32 samples collected during each season dry (January and May) and wet (September and November) over the period 2022–2023. The results shown the anion dominance followed the order Cl &gt; HCO₃ &gt; SO₄ &gt; NO₃, and cation dominance was Na &gt; Ca &gt; Mg &gt; K. During the wet season of 2022, 93 % of groundwater samples exceeded the BIS nitrate limits, while 84 % in the dry season. Additionally, 100 % of samples from both seasons exceeded the EPA limit for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN). A strong correlation between TKN and nitrate, especially during wet seasons, suggested shared pollution sources. The Piper diagram indicated a mixed Ca-Mg-Cl water type in 62.5 % of dry season samples and 56.25 % of wet season samples. Water Quality Index (WQI) classified 68 % of samples as \"poor\" quality. Health risk assessments revealed significant risks for all demographics, with children being most vulnerable, indicated by high Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values exceeding 5. Further the Nitrate Pollution Index (NPI) classified 68.75 % of dry season samples and 81.25 % of wet season samples as having “very significant” pollution. The study stresses the need for improved waste management, Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs), and better sanitation to mitigate nitrogen pollution in Vellore city.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing carbon sequestration and performance of concrete masonry blocks containing alkaline industrial waste","authors":"Jad Bawab ,&nbsp;Hilal El-Hassan ,&nbsp;Amr El-Dieb ,&nbsp;Jamal Khatib","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to optimize the carbon sequestration, compressive strength, and water transport properties (i.e., water absorption and volume of permeable voids) of concrete masonry blocks incorporating calcium carbide residue (CCR) as a partial cement replacement. The Taguchi design of experiments was utilized to study the influence of CCR replacement percentage, initial air curing duration, carbonation duration, and CO₂ gas pressure on the performance responses. These response criteria include CO₂ uptake, carbonation depth, compressive strength, water absorption, and volume of permeable voids. The concrete mixture proportions were then optimized for superior performance. The results highlight that a CCR replacement level of 10 % was required for optimum carbon sequestration potential, while only 5 % was optimum for superior strength and water transport properties. To maximize each performance criterion, the carbonation process parameters comprised an initial air curing duration of 20 h, a carbonation curing duration of 20 h, and a CO₂ pressure of 5 bars. Analysis of variance showed that the initial air curing duration was the most contributing factor to the CO₂ sequestration potential. In contrast, the CCR content was decisive for strength and water transport properties. Microstructural analysis unveiled that calcite formed abundantly in optimum mixes with the consumption of calcium hydroxide. Compared to a hydrated counterpart, using the optimum mix containing 10 % CCR in concrete masonry applications would emit a 31 % lower carbon footprint, sequester 50 million tons of CO₂, consume 10 % less cement, and valorize up to 23 million tons of CCR industrial waste.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}