Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Optuna-LightGBM : An Optuna hyperparameter optimization framework for the determination of solvent components in acid gas removal unit using LightGBM","authors":"Rafi Jusar Wishnuwardana ,&nbsp;Madiah Binti Omar ,&nbsp;Haslinda Binti Zabiri ,&nbsp;Mochammad Faqih ,&nbsp;Kishore Bingi ,&nbsp;Rosdiazli Ibrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acid gas removal unit (AGRU) serves as an essential process in gas treatment, specifically designed to eliminate acid gases like hydrogen sulfide (H<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>S) and carbon dioxide (CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) from natural gas. Absorption-based AGRU are extensively employing chemical solvents because of their strong performance and effectiveness. Nonetheless, using various solvents with unique properties significantly affects AGRU performance. The determination of this solvent component primarily relies on experimental or simulation-based trial and error, with minimal research dedicated to classification methods aimed at identifying the optimal solvent under specific conditions. In addressing the research problem, this study systematically evaluated several supervised machine learning models, including Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), to identify the optimal solvent component from a selection of six different solvents used in AGRU. Data were gathered from the verified flowsheet utilizing the Aspen HYSYS software. The results indicate that LightGBM algorithms surpass the performances of all algorithms, with accuracy (98.4%) and training time (0.7 s). Hyperparameter optimization using Optuna was employed to increase the performance of the LightGBM model, with an increment of 0.4% and a training time reduction of over 50%. Additionally, hyperparameter importance and sensitivity analysis confirmed that the number of boosting rounds and CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> composition are the key parameters affecting the Optuna-LightGBM model in predicting solvent components. These findings offer valuable perspectives for enhancing solvent components to boost AGRU efficiency in industrial settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101054"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter characteristics and emissions of waste- and bio-derived fuels in diesel engine applications","authors":"Ekarong Sukjit ,&nbsp;Niti Klinkaew ,&nbsp;Anupap Pumpuang ,&nbsp;Kiattisak Batsungnoen ,&nbsp;Chalothorn Thumthae ,&nbsp;Atthaphon Maneedaeng","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the performance, emissions, and particulate matter characteristics of alternative diesel fuels derived from waste plastic oil, palm oil-based biodiesel, and bio-hydrogenated diesel, compared with conventional diesel. The experiments were conducted using a single-cylinder diesel engine operated at 1500 rpm under four engine load conditions (25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 90 %). Conventional diesel consistently demonstrates the highest thermal efficiency and lowest brake-specific fuel consumption, particularly at the 75 % load. In contrast, bio-hydrogenated diesel achieves the greatest nitrogen oxide reduction, with 89.7 % lower emissions compared with diesel at the highest load. Palm biodiesel shows the lowest hydrocarbon and smoke emissions, especially at the highest load, reducing smoke by over 46 % compared with diesel. Particulate matter analysis revealed that biodiesel produces high concentrations of nucleation-mode particles at a low load, while diesel and waste plastic oil generate larger accumulation-mode particles at the highest load. Thermal analysis indicated that particulate matter from biodiesel begins oxidation at lower temperatures than that from diesel and waste plastic oil, reflecting enhanced reactivity due to a higher oxygen content. Notably, particulate matter from waste plastic oil retains approximately 10 % of its mass after oxidation, suggesting potential challenges for emission control. Overall, while conventional diesel retains performance advantages, each alternative fuel offers specific environmental benefits. The findings support the potential of waste- and bio-derived fuels to reduce harmful emissions and particulate matter, although further optimisation of fuel formulation and after-treatment strategies is needed to enhance their practical viability for sustainable transportation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101056"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle engineering of lightweight structures in vehicles for on-demand mobility services","authors":"Moritz Ostermann,&nbsp;Eric Dierkes,&nbsp;Thorsten Marten,&nbsp;Thomas Tröster","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce transport-related environmental impacts, innovative mobility system approaches such as on-demand services are being developed. These can include operating vehicles that differ regarding their characteristics and application profile from privately owned cars in motorized individual transport. Studies on life cycle assessment and life cycle engineering of vehicle lightweight structures are mainly limited to these privately owned cars and the impact category of climate change. In this paper, a method for life cycle assessment-based engineering of lightweight structures in vehicles for various mobility system applications, including on-demand mobility services, is developed. The method enables the holistic life cycle assessment of lightweight structures in different mobility system applications considering parameter changes at the upstream products, component, subsystem, vehicle and mobility system levels, as well as the integration of results into engineering activities. A case study is used to show that the vehicle and mobility system application of lightweight structures can significantly influence their environmental impacts and the selection of ecologically preferable product designs. The application in vehicles for on-demand mobility services can lead to an increase in absolute use stage energy demand and environmental impacts compared to applications in privately owned vehicles for motorized individual transport. However, normalized to the transport performance provided, the lifecycle environmental impacts of structural components in vehicles for on-demand mobility services can be lower than in vehicles for motorized individual transport. The paper contributes methodically and with quantitative results to improved decision making in life cycle engineering activities for lightweight structures in mobility system applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101058"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally sustainable production of bio-based mineral acids","authors":"Claire M. Grison,&nbsp;Claude Grison","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The production of bio-based mineral acids, using hydrochloric acid as a model, was revisited here. Simple, affordable, renewable and non-hazardous reactants –namely sodium chloride and oxalic acid– enabled the preparation of concentrated solutions of hydrochloric acid (6 N) in good yields and in mild conditions, including at pilot scale. The process was easily implemented by mixing the two reactants in refluxing water, followed by azeotropic distillation of the reaction mixture. This approach was extended to other mineral acids such as HBr, HI and HNO₃, using the corresponding sodium salt. The described process was compared with current industrial methods for HCl production, highlighting its efficiency, improved safety through the elimination of hazardous substances such as chlorine or concentrated sulfuric acid and its precursors, and enhanced sustainability through reduced of energy consumption and the exclusive use of bio-based reactants. This process exemplifies how green chemistry can contribute to cleaner production by addressing both environmental and sustainability challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101060"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starch-based hydrogel powder for enhanced dust suppression","authors":"Maedeh Hesami,&nbsp;Ravi Kiran","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution from fugitive dust poses a significant health risk to population in arid regions. Conventional chloride-based suppressants offer temporary dust control, leading to soil contamination and infrastructure corrosion. This study proposes the synthesis of a starch-based powder that regenerates into hydrogel for dust mitigation, owing to its agglomeration and crust-forming abilities. The hydrogel was synthesized by thermally degrading amylopectin-rich starch, undergoing a freeze-thaw cycle, and pulverizing into powder. The powder was then added to hot water (&gt;65 °C) at concentrations of 0.5 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 3 % by weight of solution to form regenerated amylopectin starch hydrogel (RASH). Dust suppression performance was evaluated using PI-SWERL (Portable in-situ Wind Erosion Lab) to assess wind erosion rates, and penetration tests to measure crust strength. Results demonstrated that 1 %wt. RASH achieved a 100 % reduction in wind erosion rates, even at speed of 90 km/h. This is attributed to the agglomeration of soil grains and formation of thick crust. <strong>Field tests over 20 days confirmed sustained PM10 suppression in extreme arid conditions (39°C) across various soil types.</strong> <em>As a result,</em> a novel, energy-efficient starch-based dust suppressant is proposed, offering a low-cost and scalable solution for long-term dust control in arid climates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic feasibility assessment for a standalone hybrid energy system integrating renewable energy sources","authors":"Dibyendu Roy,&nbsp;Kumar Vijayalakshmi Shivaprasad,&nbsp;Yaodong Wang,&nbsp;Anthony Paul Roskilly","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, comprehensive techno-economic and environmental analyses are carried out on various combinations of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) intended to provide electricity to an off-grid location. The study investigates various scenarios integrating wind turbines (WT), photovoltaic (PV) panels, biogas generators (BG), batteries (BAT), and converters (CONV), and assesses their technical and economic performances. Economic analysis reveals that the system integrating PV/WT/BAT/CONV/BG demonstrates the lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) (0.278 $/kWh) and net present cost (NPC) (1.61 M$) of all the investigated systems. On the other hand, the system comprising BAT/CONV/BG has the highest LCOE (0.455 $/kWh) and NPC (2.63 M$) among all the configurations investigated. Machine learning techniques revealed that the Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression model and the Wide Neural Network model achieved the highest accuracy in predicting the LCOE and CO₂ emissions, respectively. These results offer valuable insights into practical and reliable standalone HRES designs, particularly for regions without grid access.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101045"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable approach to renewable integration in distribution grids through coordinated control of flexibility technologies","authors":"Mohana Alanazi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of distributed renewable energy sources (RESs) in distribution networks demands new strategies to address sustainability and grid resilience needs. In this work, a coordinated control method that synergizes dynamic line rating (DLR), soft open points (SOPs), on-load tap changers (OLTCs), battery energy storage systems (BESS), and demand response (DR) is proposed to optimize RES use. The optimization problem is expressed in a mixed-integer second-order cone program (MISOCP) that is solved via global optimum solvers to allow scalability and computational tractability in actual applications. Five scenarios of system operation are simulated on a 33-bus system, progressively adding these technologies to determine their impact on RES penetration, grid reliance, voltage stability, and losses. The key results provide a 19.8 % improvement in utilization of renewable energy and a decrease in upstream grid importation of 18.6 % over static networks. The proposed system is grid independent during hours of maximum RES generation (hours 7–12) and keeps voltage profiles in working limits (0.9–1.1 pu) via OLTC-regulated control and SOP-reactive support. As losses in the system occasionally become higher during high-renewable hours due to high-priority RES inclusion, coordinated control of DR and BESS reduces evening peak importation by 29 %. The outcomes of this work underscore synergistic use of technologies in making low-carbon, resilient distribution networks a reality, providing practical guidance to utilities in moving towards decentralized energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101053"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeronautical emissions in Colombia: An assessment of past and future budgets","authors":"Yiniva Camargo Caicedo ,&nbsp;Laura C. Mantilla-Romo ,&nbsp;Jhon Jairo Vargas Sánchez ,&nbsp;Fredy Tovar Bernal ,&nbsp;Andrés M. Vélez-Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aviation sector has experienced rapid growth in the last decade, raising environmental concerns. This study assessed the contribution of aeronautical emissions in Colombia from 2010 to 2023 and projected their evolution until 2030 using the IPCC Tier 3A methodology and an ARIMA model. Emissions for carbon dioxide (CO₂), Nitrogen oxides (NO_X), Carbon monoxide (CO), Sulfur oxides (SO_X), Hydrocarbons (HC), and Particulate Matter (PM) were estimated based on fuel consumption. Results show that the Climb-Cruise-Descent (CCD) cycle accounts for approximately 70 % of fuel consumption and the majority of CO₂ and NOx emissions. At the same time, Colombia's mitigation strategies have primarily focused on the Take-off and Landing (LTO) cycle. Projections indicate a 30 % increase in emissions over the next decade, highlighting the need for more ambitious policies. Measures such as promoting Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) and improving air traffic management appear insufficient to curb emissions growth and align with Colombia's climate commitments under the Paris Agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional bio-dyeing of natural fabrics using purple gromwell (Lithospermum erythrorhizon) and natural mordants","authors":"Rong Yang ,&nbsp;Yulong Zheng ,&nbsp;Angkhana Inta ,&nbsp;Jianqin Li ,&nbsp;Lixin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amid the accelerating demand for global sustainability, the conventional textile industry is transitioning to using plant dyes through eco-technological innovations. The rhizome-derived naphthoquinone pigments extracted from the roots of gromwell (<em>Lithospermum erythrorhizon</em> Siebold &amp; Zucc.) exhibit dual functionality as plant dyes and bioactive compounds. In this study, we systematically evaluated both the functional attributes and color performance of gromwell-dyed natural fabrics using natural mordants. We used ultraviolet–visible light spectroscopy and GC–MS to explore the pigment composition of gromwell root extracts and employed an orthogonal experimental design to optimize the extraction and dyeing conditions. We assessed the dyeing properties and functional performance of nine natural and nine metallic mordants by measuring the color depth (<em>K/S</em> value), color characteristics, color fastness, ultraviolet protection, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of dyed fabrics. Shikonin was the main pigment in gromwell roots, and optimal extraction conditions were achieved with a material-to-liquor ratio of 1:10 in 90 % (v/v) ethanol following incubation at 70 °C for 140 min. Optimal dyeing conditions were observed following incubation at pH 7 for 80 min at 80 °C for cotton and pH 7 for 70 min at 70 °C for hemp. Although natural mordants enhanced dyeing properties and antioxidant activity, they resulted in slightly weaker ultraviolet protection than metallic mordants. All mordant-treated fabrics showed excellent colorfastness, whereas color fastness was only moderate for untreated fabrics, except in response to washing. Dyed fabrics without or with mordant have antibacterial effects on <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em>, especially using CuSO₄.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction and purification of omega-3-rich galactolipids from Nannochloropsis oceanica and Medicago sativa using green solvents","authors":"Andres Lopez,&nbsp;Sébastien Marze,&nbsp;Alice Kermarrec,&nbsp;Ha Phuong Ta","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.101049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale purification of omega-3-rich galactolipids is of growing interest but relies on hazardous solvents. This study presents a scalable and low-toxicity approach using ethanol-based extraction from <em>Medicago sativa</em> and <em>Nannochloropsis oceanica</em>. Pigments were removed using activated carbon, and non-lipid compounds were eliminated via ethyl acetate partitioning. Fractionation was performed on silica gel using <em>n-</em>butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and acetone. Ethyl acetate fraction yielded 0.57 g (93.6 % α-linolenic acid) and 0.91 g (55.9 % eicosapentaenoic acid) of monogalactosyldiacylglycerols per 100 g of dry biomass of <em>M. sativa</em> and <em>N. oceanica</em>, respectively. Acetone fractions were further purified by anion exchange chromatography using ethanol, yielding 0.41 g (79.5 % α-linolenic acid) and 0.75 g (29.6 % eicosapentaenoic acid) of digalactosyldiacylglycerols per 100 g of dry <em>M. sativa and N. oceanica</em>, respectively. The high purity of galactolipid fractions was demonstrated by high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance thin-layer chromatography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first complete purification process for galactolipids that relies exclusively on green solvents and is suitable for preparative scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}