Cleaner Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of water injection and EGR effects on combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine using diesel-biodiesel blends","authors":"Maziyar Moeini Manesh ,&nbsp;Alireza Shirneshan ,&nbsp;Sobhan Emami","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pollutants emitted from diesel engines, especially nitrogen oxides (NOx), are one of the fundamental challenges for designers and manufacturers of internal combustion engines. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and water injection are two essential methods for reducing NOx emitted from the engine. The comparison of these two methods when simultaneously utilizing biodiesel in the engine can be considered the most significant gap in previous research. This study investigates the effects of water injection and EGR, along with the application of various diesel-biodiesel blends, on the performance, combustion, and NOx emissions of a Caterpillar 3401 diesel engine. The AVL Fire CFD software package was utilized along with a three-zone extended coherent flame combustion model and <em>k</em>-<em>ζ</em>-<em>f</em> turbulence model for evaluating the impacts of water injection at percentages of 15 %, 30 %, 45 %, and 60 %, and EGR at rates of 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 % for the B0, B10, B20, and B50 (50 % diesel-50 % biodiesel) blends. According to the results, increasing water injection by up to 45 % reduces the maximum in-cylinder pressure by 4.4 % and engine power by 3.2 %–4.4 % for different fuel mixtures. However, a slight increase in power is observed when the water injection percentage reaches 60 %. Additionally, the specific fuel consumption (SFC) rises by 6.4 % for these mixtures. Similarly, as the EGR rate increases, the maximum in-cylinder pressure decreases by up to 5.5 %, with power declining by 3.5 %–4.3 %, comparable to the water injection scenario. The SFC also increases by 3.7 %–4.6 % across different fuel blends, though slightly less than with water injection. The results also reveal that a water injection of 60 % reduces specific NOx by about 57 %; furthermore, increasing the EGR rate to 25 % reduces nitrogen oxides by approximately 78 %. It was found that a 0.18 mm diameter is the most suitable for water droplets to reduce NOx emissions during water injection. Based on the results, considering both engine performance and the reduction of nitrogen oxides, the EGR method is recommended over water injection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oyster farming helps reducing China's greenhouse gas emissions for food production","authors":"Liwei Sun ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Chuangye Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bivalve farming represents an economically and ecologically beneficial approach to addressing the escalating global food demand. Notably, oysters, which constitute a substantial proportion of cultivated bivalves, exceeding 40 %, demonstrate considerable potential for expansion. Assessing the lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of oyster aquaculture is critical for establishing emission benchmarks and advancing sustainable food systems, yet remains understudied. This study quantifies cradle-to-gate GHG emissions for Pacific oyster (<em>Crassostrea gigas</em>) farming in China, spanning algae culture, hatchery rearing, and sea farming. Results reveal remarkably low emissions of 92.97 kg CO₂-eq per metric ton of fresh oyster. Sea farming (38.75 %) and hatchery operations (37.99 %) dominate emissions, while algae cultivation contributes minimally (1.43 %). Oyster protein production generates just 3.30 % of beef's GHG emissions per kilogram. In 2022, China's oyster farming provided over 0.15 million metric tons of protein, offsetting an estimated 15.33 million metric tons of CO₂-eq compared to beef. Incorporating renewable energy, optimizing aquaculture practices, improving larval survival rates, and using sustainable materials could reduce emissions by 10–30 %. These findings underscore oyster aquaculture as a low-emission protein source with significant scalability, offering a viable pathway to mitigate food-sector climate impacts while meeting rising global protein demand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability-driven optimization of np chart for enhanced process monitoring","authors":"Salah Haridy ,&nbsp;Ridvan Aydin ,&nbsp;Asma'a Omar ,&nbsp;Zehra Araci ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shamsuzzaman ,&nbsp;Ahmed Maged","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a sustainable approach for monitoring manufacturing processes by optimizing the np chart to account for the environmental and economic impacts of inspection processes. Unlike traditional methods, which focus solely on quality control, the proposed approach integrates the costs associated with recycling, reworking, and disposing of nonconforming items, thus addressing sustainability concerns. The optimal np chart enhances the detection of increasing shifts in the fraction of nonconforming items, leading to significant reductions in emissions, rework, disposal, and recycling costs. The novelty of this study lies in its ability to optimize the np chart for both quality control and sustainability. An application on fire extinguisher manufacturing demonstrates a 50% reduction in overall sustainability costs, when using the optimal chart compared to a conventional np chart. Sensitivity analysis further examines the impact of design parameters on total sustainability costs, providing practical insights for manufacturers aiming to reduce carbon emissions and inspection costs while maintaining high-quality production standards. The results reveal that the optimal np chart achieves 59% and 62% better performance under uniform and Rayleigh distributions, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel reagent addition method for improved copper recovery","authors":"L. Forbes ,&nbsp;C. Brill ,&nbsp;I. Verster ,&nbsp;G.V. Franks","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development, implementation, and optimization of novel minerals processing technologies are of paramount importance in enabling a sustainable transition to renewable energy. One such technology is the processing of coarser mineral particles by fluidized bed flotation. While much attention has been given to the design of fluidized bed flotation equipment, equal attention is warranted towards the optimization of chemistry within these new devices. The detailed analysis of flotation thermodynamics has demonstrated that the addition of a collector on bubble surfaces carries advantages for improved collector absorption and enhanced mineral surface hydrophobicity.</div><div>This paper continues our work in this field, where we conduct a detailed comparison of both traditional and aerosol collector addition methods in both conventional and fluidized bed flotation systems. The work demonstrates that the efficacy of aerosol collector addition significantly increases with increasing particle size. In the case of the coarsest size fraction tested (+425–850 μm), aerosol collector addition resulted in circa 50 % copper recovery, compared to circa 21 % using preconditioning under similar collector solution concentrations, with no detrimental effect of copper selectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100958"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prosopis juliflora biochar-based hybrid composites: Mechanical property assessment and development prospects","authors":"Sundarakannan Rajendran ,&nbsp;Vigneshwaran Shanmugam ,&nbsp;Shankar Sanjeevi ,&nbsp;Yo-Lun Yang ,&nbsp;Uthayakumar Marimuthu ,&nbsp;Geetha Palani ,&nbsp;Arumugaprabu Veerasimman ,&nbsp;Herri Trilaksana","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the incorporation of biochar derived from invasive <em>Prosopis Juliflora</em> wood as a filler in jute fibre-reinforced epoxy composites at varying weight fractions (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % wt). Mechanical evaluations comprised tensile, flexural, impact, and hardness tests, in addition to water absorption assessments. The composite containing 10 % weight biochar exhibited superior performance compared to conventional composites, demonstrating a tensile strength of 49 MPa, a hardness of 79, and an impact strength of 63 J/m. A peak flexural strength of 90 MPa was observed at 15 % wt. Biochar. The findings indicate the potential of biochar sourced from <em>Prosopis Juliflora</em> for sustainable composite materials applicable in the aerospace, automotive, and construction industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100955"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in sustainable adsorption desalination configuration, materials, and challenges: A state-of-the-art review","authors":"Sajedeh Rooholamini ,&nbsp;Mohsen Salimi ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Amirfakhraei ,&nbsp;Majid Amidpour ,&nbsp;Mona Zamani Pedream ,&nbsp;Taleb Zarei","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption desalination (AD) is a promising, low-cost technology that addresses the limitations of traditional desalination methods by porous materials. AD utilizes renewable energy such as solar and industrial low-grade waste heat, as the heat source. This makes AD a promising pollution-free and environmentally friendly technology. A notable innovation in this field is the Adsorption Cooling Cum Desalination System (ACDS), which offers a novel approach for the simultaneous production of high-quality potable water and cooling energy, using low-grade heat sources in the range of 50–95 °C. This dual-purpose system is particularly advantageous in areas where water scarcity and high temperatures co-exist, as it maximizes the efficient use of energy and resources.</div><div>This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the ADS/ACDS cycle, focusing on the simultaneous production of pure water and cooling using sustainable, low-grade energy sources. Despite its promising potential, the current efficiency of AD systems is still low, making them far from market-ready for widespread use. However, hybridizing AD with low-grade renewable energy systems (RES), such as solar or industrial waste heat, could significantly improve the efficiency of the desalination process.</div><div>The review further examines the configurations, design criteria, and operational parameters of AD systems, compiling the results of various research studies conducted to date. Additionally, the integration of AD with other desalination technologies, particularly MED, HDH, and RO, is explored as a means to enhance the overall performance of desalination systems. The performance of conventional AD systems is discussed in terms of specific daily water production (SDWP), which typically reaches 4.7 m³/tonne/day, and specific energy consumption (SEC), which is approximately 1.5 kW h/m³. A merged condenser-evaporator configuration improves SDWP by 69 %, with the added benefit of zero SEC at evaporator temperatures ranging from 30 °C to 42 °C. Solar-driven ACD systems have shown promising results, with a specific cooling power (SCP) of 112 W/kg and a coefficient of performance (COP) of 0.45. However, the operational challenges associated with these systems present significant barriers that hinder their commercialization.</div><div>This review seeks to address these challenges by guiding researchers and industry practitioners toward understanding the fundamental concepts of AD, identifying operational issues, and proposing practical solutions to advance the technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste-derived CaO from green mussel shells as a highly stabilized and superior sorbent for cyclic CO2 capture","authors":"Muhammad Dody Isnaini ,&nbsp;Bunjerd Jongsomjit ,&nbsp;Alex C.K. Yip ,&nbsp;Muenduen Phisalaphong","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A citric acid-assisted sol-gel method was applied to synthesize green calcium oxide (CaO) sorbents from diverse natural waste (eggshells, crab shells, and green mussel shells for effective CO₂ capture). Among them, CaO-gms derived from green mussel shells displayed the most advantageous porous morphological structure with a coral-like finger structure and the largest BET surface area and pore volume for textural properties. These properties play a crucial role in the diffusion of CO₂ through the pores and surface layer to enhance the interaction of CO₂ and interior CaO particles, promoting the highest CO₂ capture capacity. CaO-gms demonstrates a remarkable CO₂ uptake of 0.69 g -CO₂/g-sorbent (or 0.75 g -CO₂/g -CaO) at 700 °C, with 15 vol% inlet CO₂ concentration and a total gas flow rate of 100 mL/min. The sorbent was investigated for its sintering resistance, as it has been a major issue for large-scale deployment of cyclic CO₂ capture technology. CaO-gms exhibited robust cyclic performance in carbonation/calcination reactions with no sign of crystallite agglomeration (XRD analysis), maintaining a CO₂ uptake of approximately 0.65 g -CO₂/g -sorbent (or 0.71 g -CO₂/g -CaO) after 20 cycles. The results highlight the excellent resistance of the sorbent to crystallite sintering during the carbonation/calcination reaction sequence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100956"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing low-cost mausambi peel-derived adsorbents for the effective treatment of complex industrial dye mixture in wastewater: Unravelling the adsorption mechanism","authors":"Stuti Jha ,&nbsp;Rama Gaur ,&nbsp;Syed Shahabuddin ,&nbsp;Inderjeet Tyagi ,&nbsp;Jayant Giri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kanan","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex nature of wastewater due to the presence of multiple contaminants has made water treatment a tedious process. The development of effective adsorbents which are capable of removing multiple contaminants from wastewater is the call of the hour. The present study investigates the potential of mausambi-peel (MP) derived adsorbents for the removal of a dyes from a complex mixture of both cationic and anionic dyes (methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), rhodamine B (RhB), and crystal violet (CV)), which are lacking in the existing available reports. A series of samples were prepared by pyrolysis of MP at 300, 500, and 700 °C. The pyrolyzed samples prepared at 300 °C (MP3) was found to exhibit maximum efficiency in individual adsorption studies showing removal of 97.68 %, 29.11 %, and 75.27 % for MB, RhB, and CV, respectively. No adsorption of MO was observed. MP3 was further explored for simultaneous removal of dyes from a synthetic dye mixture and exhibited a removal of 50.80 %. Kinetic, pH, and isothermal studies were also performed for more in-depth knowledge regarding the nature of adsorption. Thus, the highlight/novelty of this study includes, use of low-cost adsorbent as a one-point solution to the existing pollution challenge to simultaneously treat cationic and anionic dyes and a detailed adsorption mechanism for each dye in acidic in basic medium. The present study contributes to the real-time treatment of the wastewater and is one of few reports available on treatment of complex dye mixture with more than two dyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in energy-efficient construction: Pioneering sustainable building practices","authors":"A.A. Firoozi ,&nbsp;D.O. Oyejobi ,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Firoozi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study critically examines the role of advanced energy-efficient materials and methodologies in substantially reducing the excessive energy demands of building construction, a key factor for mitigating environmental impacts. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, including a comprehensive literature review and analysis of multiple case studies, we delve into historical trends and current practices, assessing the potential of innovative materials to transform sustainable construction. Our findings reveal that the adoption of low-carbon materials and bioclimatic design principles can lead to a reduction in energy consumption by up to 30 % and CO₂ emissions by up to 25 %. The integration of these materials and methods not only overcomes the limitations of traditional construction techniques but also significantly enhances the sustainability and operational efficiency of buildings. We advocate for the widespread adoption of these advanced practices across the construction industry, emphasizing the need for cohesive regulatory frameworks to facilitate this transition. This study underscores the crucial impact of strategic material selection and innovative design in achieving substantial energy efficiency improvements in the building sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of drone development in Iran's agricultural sector: The application of the TOWS analysis","authors":"Zahra Khoshnodifar ,&nbsp;Pouria Ataei ,&nbsp;Hamid Karimi","doi":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clet.2025.100950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the increasing adoption of modern technologies in agriculture and the challenges associated with the acceptance and development of drones in this sector, the present research aimed to analyze the challenges of drone application in Iran's agriculture in order to propose some effective strategies. The research is an applied study in goal and an exploratory study in data collection procedure conducted by the survey method. The statistical population was composed of experts in agriculture drones in higher educational centers, research centers, and agriculture organizations. The results show that the most important strength of the use of agriculture drones in the internal space is the reduction of the work burden on humans and the application of liquid fertilizers and pesticides with relatively fast speed and high precision. The most important weaknesses are the high cost of computer software and the need for heavy initial capital for platforms and equipment in terrestrial drone stations. In the external space, the main opportunities are the possibility of air-based sampling of the density and propagation of fungi, disease, and rotting vectors, helping to predict disease outbreaks, collecting information on disease agents, performing control and prevention actions, and spraying chemicals to protect the plants. The main threat is poor expert consultation in the establishment and development of drone companies. The analysis of the strategic space reveals that the environment for the use of drones in the agricultural sector of Iran is in the realm of competitive strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34618,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Engineering and Technology","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100950"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}