Fundamental Research最新文献_第8页

Apigenin alleviates osteoporosis by orchestrating SIRT1/HIF1α signaling in mesenchymal stem cells 芹菜素通过协调间充质干细胞中的 SIRT1/HIF1α 信号传递缓解骨质疏松症

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.002

Xu He , Mimi Chen , Xiongjinfu Zhang , Xinyi Cheng , Yida Chen , Hao Shen , Huilin Yang , Qin Shi , Junjie Niu

{"title":"Apigenin alleviates osteoporosis by orchestrating SIRT1/HIF1α signaling in mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Xu He , Mimi Chen , Xiongjinfu Zhang , Xinyi Cheng , Yida Chen , Hao Shen , Huilin Yang , Qin Shi , Junjie Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and a degenerative bone microarchitecture. Apigenin (API), a flavonoid derived mainly from celery, has been reported to be beneficial for the treatment of OP; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Moreover, the effects of API on bone-forming cells, including mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts, remain unclear. In the present study, we first determined that API treatment could promote bone formation, improve bone metabolism in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, and effectively ameliorate bone loss, as supported by micro-CT scanning and histological staining of mouse femurs. <em>In vitro</em> investigations have confirmed that API has a bidirectional regulatory effect on bone metabolism, promoteing osteogenic differentiation and inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. The further study displayed that the promotion of osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from OVX mice mainly through regulating SIRT1 and its downstream HIF1α signaling. In summary, API treatment may be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1063-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139814403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring behavior patterns in human and machine interactions 探索人机交互的行为模式

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.021

Ping Zhao , Yunjie Wei , Shouyang Wang

{"title":"Exploring behavior patterns in human and machine interactions","authors":"Ping Zhao , Yunjie Wei , Shouyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A framework based on response-dependence theory is proposed to analyze human and machine interaction patterns. The interaction is an information processing and exchanging system with agents responding to signals from the decision perspective on multiple channels. Agents' pattern differences may emerge via a multiple-input multiple-output model on the sequential machine data. The connectivity with different decision-making factors embodies the interactive narrative features. The magnitude of the frequency response is compared in a parallel analysis. The interaction relationship will emerge in frequency response comparison. In the empirical study, we compare AlphaGo and human professional players' behaviors in the game of Go. We find a similar connectivity structure in vertical analysis and coincidences with the interaction relationship in the game. However, the response magnitude interval differs between AlphaGo and human professional players in several stimulus-response pairs. Integrated with static comparison, we find AlphaGo is more sensitive to long-term payoff changes than human professional players. The framework and empirical studies indicate that theory and techniques from cross-disciplinary can provide a perceptive and objective explanation of behavior patterns in human and machine interaction. The proposed framework might benefit scientists in research on AI ethics and machine behavior interpretation with big data techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1246-1257"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139880148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chemically recyclable polythioesters prepared by ring-opening polymerization of dithiolactone and monothiodilactone monomers 通过二硫内酯和单碘内酯单体的开环聚合制备可化学回收的聚硫酯

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.01.022

Wenxiu Lv , Maosheng Li , Jinlong Chen , Youhua Tao

引用次数: 0

Atmospheric impacts and regulation framework of shipping emissions: Achievements, challenges and frontiers 航运排放对大气的影响和监管框架：成就、挑战和前沿

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.013

Huan Liu , Wen Yi , Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen , Zhenyu Luo , Elisa Majamäki , Volker Matthias , Jana Moldanová , Zongbo Shi , Kebin He

{"title":"Atmospheric impacts and regulation framework of shipping emissions: Achievements, challenges and frontiers","authors":"Huan Liu , Wen Yi , Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen , Zhenyu Luo , Elisa Majamäki , Volker Matthias , Jana Moldanová , Zongbo Shi , Kebin He","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, over 80% of the international trade volume is carried by sea. Marked by persistent growth, evident atmospheric impacts, intricate mitigation challenges, international shipping has been recognized as one of the most “hard-to-abate” sectors gathering increasing attention from both academic community and governmental sectors in recent years. Against the backdrop of the ambitious climate and clean air objectives, the quantitative shipping emission characterization, impact assessment and policy effectiveness research are not only fundamental to understand the status quo and ramifications of shipping emissions but also beneficial for future emission regulations. Here, we summarized the achievements in shipping emission modelling and impact research in the past two decades, and identified the challenges lying in the transition pathway towards a clean and carbon-neutral shipping. To address the pressing demand for this, we proposed an innovative framework which aims to facilitate emission abatement. Finally, promising directions for future work were delineated, including the indirect effects of shipping emitted aerosols on the climate, the emissions and impacts of novel contaminants, synergies and conflicts among different emission reduction measures, projections on future shipping emission inventories, Arctic shipping emissions, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1073-1076"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of artificial intelligence in revolutionizing drug discovery 人工智能在药物发现革命中的作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.021

Ashfaq Ur Rehman , Mingyu Li , Binjian Wu , Yasir Ali , Salman Rasheed , Sana Shaheen , Xinyi Liu , Ray Luo , Jian Zhang

{"title":"Role of artificial intelligence in revolutionizing drug discovery","authors":"Ashfaq Ur Rehman , Mingyu Li , Binjian Wu , Yasir Ali , Salman Rasheed , Sana Shaheen , Xinyi Liu , Ray Luo , Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, particularly through machine learning (ML), marked a significant progression in drug discovery. AI acts as a powerful catalyst in narrowing the gap between disease understanding and the identification of potential therapeutic agents. This review provides an inclusive summary of the latest advancements in AI and its application in drug discovery. We examine the various stages of the drug discovery process, starting from disease identification and encompassing diagnosis, target identification, screening, and lead discovery. AI's capability to analyze extensive datasets and discern patterns is essential in these stages, enhancing predictions and efficiencies in disease identification, drug discovery, and clinical trial management. The role of AI in expediting drug development is emphasized, highlighting its potential to analyze vast data volumes, thus reducing the time and costs associated with new drug market introduction. The importance of data quality, algorithm training, and ethical considerations, especially in patient data handling during clinical trials, is addressed. By considering these factors, AI promises to transform drug development, offering significant benefits to patients and society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1273-1287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141034957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based prediction models for atopic dermatitis diagnosis and evaluation 基于机器学习的特应性皮炎诊断与评估预测模型

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.021

Songjiang Wu, Li Lei, Yibo Hu, Ling Jiang, Chuhan Fu, Yushan Zhang, Lu Zhu, Jinhua Huang, Jing Chen, Qinghai Zeng

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction models for atopic dermatitis diagnosis and evaluation","authors":"Songjiang Wu, Li Lei, Yibo Hu, Ling Jiang, Chuhan Fu, Yushan Zhang, Lu Zhu, Jinhua Huang, Jing Chen, Qinghai Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Reliable and accurate evaluation methods are necessary for early diagnosis and effective AD treatment. Thus, this study used machine learning (ML) to explore a novel diagnostic and therapeutic effect evaluation model for AD. Firstly, candidate model genes were screened from an integrated data set of four AD-related microarray datasets: GSE133477, GSE32924, GSE58558, and GSE107361, using Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA), and protein-protein interaction network (PPI). Next, three recognized models (REC) and three AD-associated gene models (AAG) established with LASSO, Logistic linear regression (LR), and random forest (RF) were developed and tested separately using GSE130588 and GSE99802 datasets. The results revealed that REC model of LASSO (model genes including <em>IL7R, KRT16, CCL2, CD53, CCL18</em> and <em>CCL22</em>), REC model of LR(including <em>IL7R, KRT16, CCL18</em>) and AAG model of LR (including <em>MX1, CCNB1, SERPINB13, ADAM19, CEP55, VMP1, TTC39A, and FCHSD1</em>) accurately classified AD lesions and non-lesions based on the good AUCs (LASSO (REC):0.8761, and LR (REC and AAG):0.8302 in GSE130588; LASSO (REC): 0.7761, and LR (REC and AAG):0.8783 in GSE99802). In Dupilumab, Crisaborole, and fezakinumab-treated samples, the LASSO (REC) and LR(AAG) models were positively correlated with SCORD (Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.55 and 0.69, respectively) and negatively correlated with the treatment length. In addition, the two models also accurately predicted the infiltration of immune cells in the skin lesions and non-lesions. Therefore, the ML-based predictive model provides a new approach to predicting AD diagnosis and the therapeutic effect of AD treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1313-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45369805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unexpected d–p orbital covalent interaction between the non-d-block main-group metal tellurium and fluorine at high pressure 非d嵌段主族金属碲和氟在高压下意外的d- p轨道共价相互作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.001

Yan Gao , Tian Cui , Da Li

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Elucidating the roles of oxygen defects-rich TiOxNy shell in Ti-based electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction 富氧缺陷TiOxNy壳在ti基电催化剂中氧还原强化反应中的作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006

Xiaohang Zhu , Zongtao Zhao , Jialiu Tang , Xuan Peng , Han-Don Um , Xiaopeng Li , Qi Xiao , Wei Luo

{"title":"Elucidating the roles of oxygen defects-rich TiOxNy shell in Ti-based electrocatalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction","authors":"Xiaohang Zhu , Zongtao Zhao , Jialiu Tang , Xuan Peng , Han-Don Um , Xiaopeng Li , Qi Xiao , Wei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ti-based materials are among the most widely studied catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the actual roles of the catalytically active sites in N-doped Ti-based electrocatalysts are still unclear. In this work, TiO<sub>2</sub> and TiN were used as the precursors for the thermal nitridation and oxidation reactions at high temperatures, respectively. Titanium oxynitride (TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub>) species with abundant oxygen defects, formed on the surface of the as-prepared catalysts, were found to play an essential role to achieve the uniform distribution of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles <em>via</em> atomic layer deposition, thereby enhancing the ORR performance. The TiN-supported Pt catalyst showed excellent ORR performance and stability in acidic conditions, with an onset potential of 0.88 V and a half-wave potential of 0.76 V (<em>vs</em>. RHE). The catalyst also delivered a mass activity of 112 A g<sub>Pt</sub><sup>−1</sup>, which is 1.9 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. A combination of experiments and characterizations confirmed that the synergistic effects between the outer TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub> shell with abundant oxygen defects and the high-conductivity TiN core contribute to the enhanced ORR performance. The present work sheds light on the essential roles of oxygen defect-rich TiO<sub>x</sub>N<sub>y</sub> species in Ti-based electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 1134-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135427904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical recycling of waste plastics: Current challenges and perspectives 废塑料的化学再循环：当前挑战与前景

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.023

Leilei Cheng , Xueru Chen , Jing Gu , Noriyuki Kobayashi , Haoran Yuan , Yong Chen

引用次数: 0

Quantum entanglement dynamics of spacetime and matter 时空和物质的量子纠缠动力学

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004

Zeng-Bing Chen

{"title":"Quantum entanglement dynamics of spacetime and matter","authors":"Zeng-Bing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It was known long ago that quantum theory and general relativity are in sharp conflict in their foundations. Their fundamental inconsistencies render a consistent theory of quantum gravity the most challenging problem in physics. Here we propose an information-complete quantum field theory (ICQFT), which describes elementary fermions, their gauge fields, and gravity (together, called the trinary fields) as an elementary trinity without any conceptual inconsistency of existing theories. The ICQFT unifies matter and spacetime (gravity) as information via spacetime-matter entanglement, which encodes complete physical predictions of the theory and leads to a compelling solution to the problem of time. We consider two particular forms of spacetime-matter entangled states and their physical consequences. One of them results in a universal relation between entanglement entropy and geometry (area and volume), allowing us to determine the cosmological constant term in the classical Einstein equation. Based on a quantum-information definition of dark energy, our Universe is not strictly holographic. We predict the interior quantum state of a Schwarzschild black hole to be maximally information-complete. As a concrete quantum formulation of gravity coupled with matter, the ICQFT is quantum entanglement dynamics for spacetime and matter and eliminates the conceptual obstacles of existing quantum gravity theory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"5 3","pages":"Pages 999-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0