Fundamental Research最新文献_第7页

Interference of endogenous benzoic acid with the signatures of sulfonic acid derivatives and carbohydrates in fermented dairy products 内源性苯甲酸对发酵乳制品中磺酸衍生物和碳水化合物特征的干扰

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.033

Wei Jia , Xin Wang , Lin Shi

{"title":"Interference of endogenous benzoic acid with the signatures of sulfonic acid derivatives and carbohydrates in fermented dairy products","authors":"Wei Jia , Xin Wang , Lin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endogenous benzoic acid causes detrimental effects on public health, but the underlying mechanisms often remain elusive. Benzoic acid (0.00–40.00 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) was detected from sixty fermented goat milk samples in six replicates, indicating the existence of endogenous benzoic acid. Herein, we investigated the effects of benzoic acid on the variations of metabolome and proteome signatures in fermented goat milk <em>via</em> integrative metabolomics (LOQ 2.39–98.98 μg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) and proteomics approach based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Explicitly, benzoic acid reduced the content of taurine (7.06–4.80 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) and hypotaurine (3.86–1.74 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) due to a significant decrease in the levels of <em>glutamate decarboxylase 1</em> by benzoic acid. The reduction in lactose (7.13–5.31 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) and <span>d</span>-galactose (4.39–3.37 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) content was related to the decrease in <em>α-lactalbumin</em> and <em>β-galactosidase</em> levels, respectively, in fermented goat milk containing 40.00 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup> benzoic acid. Meanwhile, the levels of maltose (22.84–16.53 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) and raffinose (4.19–3.10 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>) progressively decreased with increasing benzoic acid concentrations (0.00–40.00 mg <em>L</em><sup>−1</sup>), which had detrimental effects on the nutritional quality of fermented goat milk. Additionally, the concentration of benzoic acid and fermentation temperature are the most important factors to control the loss of nutrients in fermented dairy products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1523-1532"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42577537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Big Chip: Challenge, model and architecture 大芯片挑战、模式和架构

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.10.020

Yinhe Han , Haobo Xu , Meixuan Lu , Haoran Wang , Junpei Huang , Ying Wang , Yujie Wang , Feng Min , Qi Liu , Ming Liu , Ninghui Sun

引用次数: 0

Where we are and where we will go to achieve carbon neutrality: A review of quantitative socioeconomic modeling research 实现碳中和的现状与未来：定量社会经济模型研究综述

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.020

Jiali Zheng , Xiaoqing Hou , Hongbo Duan , Shouyang Wang

{"title":"Where we are and where we will go to achieve carbon neutrality: A review of quantitative socioeconomic modeling research","authors":"Jiali Zheng , Xiaoqing Hou , Hongbo Duan , Shouyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By conducting a bibliometric analysis of 1997 scholarly publications on carbon neutrality and zero carbon emissions from 2019 to 2022, it is found that reviews of quantitative socioeconomic modeling research remain limited. To address this issue, a comprehensive review of carbon neutrality research, specifically, a systematic and synergistic review of the literature from a socioeconomic modeling perspective, is needed. The 20 clustering labels in the four largest clusters are summarized as main research streams, that is, carbon emission reduction, carbon sink and carbon capture and storage according to the definition of carbon neutral. Thus, this review revealed that carbon neutrality in the quantitative socioeconomic field is characterized in three main research directions. Sector integration, including integration within and among sectors, and integrated assessment models (IAMs), particularly multimodel analysis, can be regarded as a key node for carbon emission reduction. Carbon sink accounting, trade, and policy evaluated through technological and socioeconomic modeling, which includes both top-down and bottom-up types, are critical issues for carbon sinks. Carbon removal technologies and their application in IAMs are important topics for carbon capture and storage. This review provides a clear understanding of model-driven socioeconomic research on carbon neutrality via a systematic framework in quantitative analyses, outlining the potential gaps and challenges and providing possible insights and implications in a synergistic manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1696-1709"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139874906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Revisiting astrocytic calcium signaling in the brain 重温大脑中的星形胶质细胞钙信号转导

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.11.021

Ying Bai , Zhongqiu Zhou , Bing Han , Xianyuan Xiang , Wenhui Huang , Honghong Yao

引用次数: 0

The application of multi-scale simulation in advanced electronic packaging 多尺度模拟在先进电子封装中的应用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.004

Wei Yu , Shucan Cheng , Zeyuan Li , Li Liu , Zhaofu Zhang , Yanpu Zhao , Yuzheng Guo , Sheng Liu

{"title":"The application of multi-scale simulation in advanced electronic packaging","authors":"Wei Yu , Shucan Cheng , Zeyuan Li , Li Liu , Zhaofu Zhang , Yanpu Zhao , Yuzheng Guo , Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electronic packaging is an essential branch of electronic engineering that aims to protect electronic, microelectronic, and nanoelectronic systems from environmental conditions. The design of electronic packaging is highly complex and requires the consideration of multi-physics phenomena, such as thermal transport, electromagnetic fields, and mechanical stress. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the multiphysics coupling of electric, magnetic, thermal, mechanical, and fluid fields, which are crucial for assessing the performance and reliability of electronic devices. The recent advancements in multi-scale simulation techniques are also systematically summarized, such as finite element methods at the macroscopic scale, molecular dynamics and density functional theory at the microscopic scale, and particularly machine learning methods for bridging different scales. Additionally, we illustrate how these methods can be applied to study various aspects of electronic packaging, such as material properties, interfacial failure, thermal management, electromigration, and stress analysis. The challenges and the potential applications of multi-scale simulation techniques in electronic packaging are also highlighted. Further, some future directions for multi-scale simulation techniques in electronic packaging are concluded for further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1442-1454"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accurate scoliosis vertebral landmark localization on X-ray images via shape-constrained multi-stage cascaded CNNs 基于形状约束的多级级联cnn在x射线图像上精确定位脊柱侧凸椎体地标

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.014

Zhiwei Wang , Jinxin Lv , Yunqiao Yang , Yi Lin , Qiang Li , Xin Li , Xin Yang

{"title":"Accurate scoliosis vertebral landmark localization on X-ray images via shape-constrained multi-stage cascaded CNNs","authors":"Zhiwei Wang , Jinxin Lv , Yunqiao Yang , Yi Lin , Qiang Li , Xin Li , Xin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vertebral landmark localization is a crucial step in various spine-related clinical applications, which requires detecting the corner points of 17 vertebrae. However, the neighboring landmarks often disturb each other because of the homogeneous appearance of vertebrae, making vertebral landmark localization extremely difficult. In this paper, we propose a multi-stage cascaded convolutional neural network (CNN) to split a single task into two sequential steps: center point localization to roughly locate 17 center points of vertebrae, and corner point localization to determine four corner points for each vertebra without any disturbance. The landmarks in each step were located gradually from a set of initialized points by regressing offsets using cascaded CNNs. To resist the mutual attraction of the vertebrae, principal component analysis was employed to preserve the shape constraint in offset regression. We evaluated our method on the AASCE dataset, comprising 609 tight spinal anteroposterior X-ray images, and each image contained 17 vertebrae composed of the thoracic and lumbar spine for spinal shape characterization. The experimental results demonstrated the superior performance of vertebral landmark localization over other state-of-the-art methods, with the relative error decreasing from <span><math><mrow><mn>3.2</mn><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>7.2</mn><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></mrow></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1657-1665"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Droplet-engineered organoids recapitulate parental tissue transcriptome with inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity 液滴工程类器官概括了具有类器官间同质性和肿瘤细胞间异质性的亲代组织转录组

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.018

Haoran Zhao , Yifan Cheng , Jiawei Li , Jiaqi Zhou , Haowei Yang , Feng Yu , Feihong Yu , Davit Khutsishvili , Zitian Wang , Shengwei Jiang , Kaixin Tan , Yi Kuang , Xinhui Xing , Shaohua Ma

{"title":"Droplet-engineered organoids recapitulate parental tissue transcriptome with inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity","authors":"Haoran Zhao , Yifan Cheng , Jiawei Li , Jiaqi Zhou , Haowei Yang , Feng Yu , Feihong Yu , Davit Khutsishvili , Zitian Wang , Shengwei Jiang , Kaixin Tan , Yi Kuang , Xinhui Xing , Shaohua Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.05.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organoids are expected to function as effective human organ models for precision cancer studies and drug development. Currently, primary tissue-derived organoids, termed non-engineered organoids (NEOs), are produced by manual pipetting or liquid handling that compromises organoid-organoid homogeneity and organoid-tissue consistency. Droplet-based microfluidics enables automated organoid production with high organoid-organoid homogeneity, organoid-tissue consistency, and a significantly improved production spectrum. It takes advantage of droplet-encapsulation of defined populations of cells and droplet-rendered microstructures that guide cell self-organization. Herein, we studied the droplet-engineered organoids (DEOs), derived from mouse liver tissues and human liver tumors, by using transcriptional analysis and cellular deconvolution on bulk RNA-seq data. The characteristics of DEOs are compared with the parental liver tissues (or tumors) and NEOs. The DEOs are proven higher reproducibility and consistency with the parental tissues, have a high production spectrum and shortened modeling time, and possess inter-organoid homogeneity and inter-tumor cell heterogeneity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1506-1514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45756445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Carbon transportation, transformation, and sedimentation processes at the land-river-estuary continuum 陆地-河流-河口连续体的碳运输、转化和沉积过程

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.07.007

Yang Gao , Junjie Jia , Yao Lu , Kun Sun , Jing Wang , Shuoyue Wang

{"title":"Carbon transportation, transformation, and sedimentation processes at the land-river-estuary continuum","authors":"Yang Gao , Junjie Jia , Yao Lu , Kun Sun , Jing Wang , Shuoyue Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In terrestrial ecosystems, carbon (C) transportation and C pool transformation processes both occur at the land-river-estuary continuum. Moreover, C budget and C balance processes are generally critical in achieving the C neutrality of terrestrial ecosystems. This study analyzes key C transportation processes at multiple interfaces that collectively constitute the land-river-estuary continuum, discusses C transportation and sedimentation processes at the land-river interface, and reveals aquatic plant C sequestration coupling processes and associated productivity. Transformation mechanisms of inorganic-organic C pools are also investigated here as well as a systematic evaluation of C transport flux within the different interfaces that constitute the land-river-estuary continuum. Results show that the net C sink of terrestrial ecosystems was 1.70 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup>, wherein the gross primary productivity (GPP) of global terrestrial vegetation reached 123 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup>, while rock weathering also consumed 0.30 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup> of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>). Subsequently, the C transported by the land-river-estuary continuum reached 1.70 Pg C yr<sup>−1</sup>. During this process, 0.20 Pg C is deposited and buried in inland water and 1.00 Pg C escapes from inland water systems each year. Therefore, only 0.85 Pg C is transported to the estuary. Finally, this study clarifies control mechanisms of C transportation and transformation processes at the land-river-estuary continuum. The aim of this study is to provide an important scientific basis for the quantitative analysis of C sources and sinks at the land-river-estuary continuum and C neutrality of the biosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1594-1602"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47119055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dual-mode organic memristor for coordinated visual perceptive computing 一种用于协调视觉感知计算的双模有机忆阻器

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.022

Jinglin Sun , Qilai Chen , Fei Fan , Zeyulin Zhang , Tingting Han , Zhilong He , Zhixin Wu , Zhe Yu , Pingqi Gao , Dazheng Chen , Bin Zhang , Gang Liu

{"title":"A dual-mode organic memristor for coordinated visual perceptive computing","authors":"Jinglin Sun , Qilai Chen , Fei Fan , Zeyulin Zhang , Tingting Han , Zhilong He , Zhixin Wu , Zhe Yu , Pingqi Gao , Dazheng Chen , Bin Zhang , Gang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2022.06.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hierarchically coordinated processing of visual information with the data degradation characteristic embodies the energy consumption minimization and signal transmission efficiency maximization of brain activities. This inspires machine vision to handle the explosively increased data in real-time. In this contribution, we demonstrate the possibility of constructing a coordinated perceptive computing paradigm with dual-mode organic memristors to emulate the visual processing capability of the brain systems. The 32-state modulation of the device photoresponsivity and conductance <em>via</em> photo-induced molecular reconfiguration and electrochemical redox activities enables the execution of computing-in-sensor and computing-in-memory tasks, respectively, which in turn allows the homogeneous hardware integration of a single-layer perceptron and a convolutional neural network for high-efficiency hierarchical visual processing. Compared to the sole optoelectronic CIS mode to recognize visual targets, the dual-mode organic memristor-based coordinated computing scheme demonstrates a 24.5% improvement in the recognition accuracy and 45.8% reduction in the network size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1666-1673"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48706090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cannabichromene from full-spectrum hemp extract exerts acute anti-seizure effects through allosteric activation of GABAA receptors 全谱大麻提取物中的大麻素通过异位激活 GABAA 受体发挥急性抗癫痫作用

IF 6.2 3区综合性期刊

Fundamental Research Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.023

Zihan Wang , Haoran Zheng , Hui Yang , Huifang Song , Jingjing Lian , Chao Peng , Han Wang , Hanbo Zhang , Yulin Zheng , Qiufeng Wang , Lan Lan , Guifang Duan , Lin Ma , Xiaodong Peng , Zhuo Huang

{"title":"Cannabichromene from full-spectrum hemp extract exerts acute anti-seizure effects through allosteric activation of GABAA receptors","authors":"Zihan Wang , Haoran Zheng , Hui Yang , Huifang Song , Jingjing Lian , Chao Peng , Han Wang , Hanbo Zhang , Yulin Zheng , Qiufeng Wang , Lan Lan , Guifang Duan , Lin Ma , Xiaodong Peng , Zhuo Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fmre.2023.05.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The approval of Epidiolex, an anti-epileptic drug containing cannabidiol (CBD) as its active component, has brought hope to patients with refractory epilepsy. However, the anti-seizure effect of full-spectrum hemp extract (HE), a CBD-enriched hemp oil, remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the anti-seizure effect of HE using drug-induced seizure models. Our findings revealed that HE significantly reduced seizure susceptibility comparable to CBD at the same doses. Moreover, we explored the pharmacokinetic properties of CBD in HE and observed improved characteristics such as faster oral absorption, enhanced brain distribution, and slower elimination. We further assessed the anti-seizure effects of the other five main non-addictive components in HE. Among these components, cannabichromene (CBC) and cannabinol (CBN) showed significant anti-seizure effects. To gain insights into the mechanisms of CBC and CBN, we investigated their allosteric modulation on the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor. Our results revealed that CBC enhanced GABA-induced currents in both Xenopus laevis oocytes and mouse primary cortical neurons. Additionally, we identified V436 in the β2 subunit of the GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor as a critical binding site for CBC. These findings provide compelling evidence for the anti-seizure activities of HE and shed light on its underlying mechanisms. Our study provides insights into the broader therapeutic potential of hemp extracts and suggests their possible development as anti-seizure treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34602,"journal":{"name":"Fundamental Research","volume":"4 6","pages":"Pages 1357-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0