Phytomedicine Plus最新文献

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of Andrographis paniculata (Fah Talai Jone) via TNFα-JNK pathway and bioactive compound identification","authors":"Praphat Manuelo Ruengthanoo ,&nbsp;Areeya Changthong ,&nbsp;Pranee Sriraj ,&nbsp;Jatuporn Prathumtet ,&nbsp;Nutchapon Laikaew ,&nbsp;Ratchadawan Aukkanimart","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Andrographis paniculata</em> (Fah Talai Jone), a widely used medicinal plant in traditional medicine, is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigates its bioactive compounds and their role in alleviating inflammation through the TNF-α-JNK pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The aim of this study was to identify bioactive compounds in <em>A. paniculata</em> extracts and evaluate their anti-inflammatory effects, focusing on the TNF-α-JNK pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>Experimental research was conducted to assess the antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties of both ethanol (APE) and aqueous (APA) extracts of <em>A. paniculata</em> using in vitro methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ethanol (APE) and aqueous (APA) extracts of <em>A. paniculata</em> were prepared and analyzed for total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and bioactive compound identification using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay, and the anti-inflammatory effects were assessed through cellular assays measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and JNK pathway modulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HPLC analysis identified andrographolide as the primary bioactive compound in APE (186.6 ± 2.53 µg/mg). APE exhibited higher phenolic (8.66 ± 0.37 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (156.33 ± 4.76 mg QE/g) content compared to APA. Antioxidant assays revealed IC50 values of 11.14 ± 1.07 µg/ml for APA and 2.29 ± 0.13 µg/ml for APE. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that both extracts were non-toxic to lung cells. APE significantly reduced ROS production (68.3 ± 7.64 % at 62.5 µg/ml) and decreased JNK phosphorylation, indicating its anti-inflammatory potential.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>Andrographis paniculata</em>, particularly its ethanol extract, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects mediated by andrographolide. These findings support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of in-vitro and in-silico antidiabetic potential, glucose metabolism, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and phytochemical content of Ipomoea bolusiana Schinz and Ipomoea crassipes Hook tubers","authors":"Garland Kgosi More ,&nbsp;Nolitha Nkobole ,&nbsp;Charmy Twala ,&nbsp;Sechaba Machedi ,&nbsp;Tebogo Amos Moswetsa ,&nbsp;Ramakwala Christinah Chokwe","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100735","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by genetic disorders and other factors such as the use of certain medications, pancreatic injury, and autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and high blood pressure. However, several therapeutic agents are currently used to manage blood sugar levels, thus reducing the risk of complications. Despite efforts to treat or manage this disease, current therapeutic agents have detrimental side effects, presenting a considerable need to develop new effective drugs with fewer adverse effects.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;The aim of the study&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory capacity of &lt;em&gt;I. bolusiana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;I. crassipe&lt;/em&gt; plant extracts on α-amylase enzyme and to assess the antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the evaluation of the cytotoxicity properties and glucose metabolism of the extracts was carried out in RAW 264.7 macrophages, C3A hepatocytes and L6 myoblast cell lines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In vitro antidiabetic activity was tested with α-amylase enzyme inhibition method and antioxidant activity was evaluated. Furthermore, their ability to quench free radicals was investigated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) free radical scavenging method and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme scavenging method was investigated. Cytotoxicity and glucose metabolism were measured in macrophage (RAW 264.7), hepatocytes (C3A) and myoblast (L6) cells using the colorimetric test 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Furthermore, phytochemical characterization and tentative identification was performed using FTIR, &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H&lt;img&gt;NMR and UHPLC&lt;img&gt;Orbitrap HRMS, FTIR, whilst computational studies were also employed to determine the biochemical interaction, antidiabetic and inhibitory potential of the extracts with the α-amylase enzyme.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The extracts of &lt;em&gt;I. bolusiana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;I. crassipes&lt;/em&gt; exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against α-amylase with an inhibitory percentage range of 10.72 – 30.08 %. The extracts did not show cytotoxic effects in the treated cells. The extracts of &lt;em&gt;I. bolusiana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;I. crassipes&lt;/em&gt; significantly increased glucose uptake in L6 and C3A cell lines. The extracts reduced the DPPH and ABTS radicals, showing a range of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 7.35 ± 0.43 - 12.02 ± 0.21 µg/mL. However, the extracts were less toxic to the cells as they showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values &gt; 20 µg/mL. The phytochemical evaluation demonstrated the presence of phenolics, chlorogenic acids, coumarin glucosides and flavonoids in the extracts, which were docked with the α-amylase enzyme. 5-caffeoylquinic acid exhibited the highest binding energy of -6.829 kcal/mol.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study presents various important phytoconstituents and broad-spe","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100735"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nymphaea pubescens Willd. extract and its flavonoid constituents vasodilate rat isolated pulmonary artery via NO-sGC-cGMP pathway","authors":"Teerapap Panklai ,&nbsp;Prapapan Temkitthawon ,&nbsp;Nungruthai Suphrom ,&nbsp;Corine Girard ,&nbsp;Perle Totoson ,&nbsp;Kowit Hengphasatporn ,&nbsp;Yasuteru Shigeta ,&nbsp;Krongkarn Chootip ,&nbsp;Kornkanok Ingkaninan","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100733","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disorder indicated by elevated blood pressure in pulmonary artery (PA). PAH treatment focuses on inducing PA vasodilation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), the enzyme prominently expressed in pulmonary vasculature. Our previous research demonstrated that the extract (WLE) derived from the petals of the water lily (<em>Nymphaea pubescens</em> Willd.) and its flavonoid constituents, 3-methyl ether 3´-O-<em>β</em>-xylopyranoside (<strong>1</strong>), quercetin (<strong>2</strong>), and kaempferol (<strong>3</strong>), exhibited PDE5 inhibitory property, suggesting that WLE and its constituents may contribute to PA vasodilation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dried N<em>. pubescens</em> petals were extracted with 95 % ethanol to provide the WLE. The vasorelaxant effects of the WLE and its flavonoid constituents were evaluated on rat PA and aorta using organ bath technique. The cytotoxicity of the WLE was also tested on the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) isolated from PA and aorta. Furthermore, a molecular docking study was performed to confirm the binding mode of flavonoid constituents to PDE5.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The WLE relaxed PA (EC₅₀=4.96±0.81µg/ml) more than the aorta (EC₅₀=27.50±7.61µg/ml, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), suggesting its selectivity on the PA vs the aorta. PA vasorelaxation was reduced by endothelial removal or N^G-nitro-<span>l</span>-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), but was unaffected by indomethacin, apamin plus charybdotoxin, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), glibenclamide, iberiotoxin, and BaCl₂. 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin -1- one (ODQ) reduced the relaxation induced by the WLE (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxation was enhanced by the WLE. WLE had no effect neither on extracellular Ca²⁺ influx through ROCCs/VOCCs nor intracellular Ca²⁺ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. PE-induced contraction via α₁-receptor was also unaffected by WLE. Compounds <strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong> relaxed both PA and aorta rings with and without endothelium (EC₅₀=26 - &gt;100 µM). VSMCs incubated with the WLE for 1 hr showed no acute cytotoxicity. The binding of compounds <strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong> to PDE5 is slightly better than that of native PDE5 inhibitors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both WLE and its flavonoids (<strong>1</strong>–<strong>3</strong>) vasodilated PA. The mechanism of WLE vascular action involved the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) pathway and stimulation of sGC, while showing no VSMC cytotoxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the multifaceted mechanism of Shuang Huang Lian in treating upper respiratory tract infections: A metabolomics-based network pharmacology approach","authors":"Gang Xu ,&nbsp;Akshay Suresh Patil ,&nbsp;Ruhan Wei ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Aimin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and purpose</h3><div>Shuang Huang Lian (SHL), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula consisting of extracts from <em>Lonicerae japonicae flos, Forsythiae fructus</em>, and <em>Scutellariae radix</em>, is widely recognized for its efficacy in treating upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). Recommended by the 2011 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Influenza, SHL's therapeutic potential has long been valued in clinical practice. However, its precise mechanisms of action against URTIs remain unclear, necessitating further exploration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study investigates the molecular mechanisms and identifies the key active components and pivotal protein targets of SHL in URTI treatment using a network pharmacology approach. We based our analysis on pharmacologically active SHL components we previously identified through untargeted metabolomics profiling. Key cheminformatics and bioinformatics platforms and databases, including ADMETlab, SEA, PASS, Super-Pred, SwissTargetPrediction, PharmMapper, and GeneCards, were used to predict the drug-like properties of active SHL components and identify protein targets shared between the active SHL components and the URTI-related disease genes. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and gene ontology (GO), KEGG, and Reactome enrichment analyses were conducted to elucidate the biological functions relevant to URTIs. Target-target interaction (TTI) network construction and modularity analysis were also performed. Finally, pivotal protein targets and key active SHL components were validated through molecular docking simulations and <em>in vitro</em> cell culture experiments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our analysis identified TNF, CASP1, and MAPK14 as pivotal protein targets in SHL's action against URTIs, with brusatol, an active SHL component, confirmed as a critical ligand that modulates these targets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive study elucidates the multifaceted mechanisms underlying SHL's efficacy in treating URTIs, supporting its traditional use and highlighting its potential for novel therapeutic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephroprotective effects of Foeniculum vulgare mill (Apiaceae Family) hydromethanol leaf extract against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity on Swiss albino mice","authors":"Kibur Hunie Tesfa ,&nbsp;Chernet Desalegn Gebeyehu ,&nbsp;Tiget Ayelgn Mengstie ,&nbsp;Hiwot Tezera Endale","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cisplatin-induced kidney damage is one of the causes of acute kidney injury that increases morbidity. Therefore, it is mandatory to seek effective, affordable, and safe drugs for the prevention and curative effects of kidney toxicity caused by cisplatin. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of Foeniculum <em>vulgare</em> Mill hydro-methanolic crude leaf extract on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was conducted on 36 male Swiss albino mice divided into 6 groups (6 mice per group. Group I received distilled water only. Group II was cisplatin control. Group III-V were treated with 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Mill respectively. Group VI was treated with 100 mg/kg of silymarin. Group II-VI was administered a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg cisplatin on the 11th day. The mice were anesthetized on the 16th day following the final treatment. Subsequently, kidney function tests and histopathological examination were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mice that received cisplatin alone (group II) exhibited a significant decrease in body weight on day 16, an increase in serum kidney markers, a decrease in serum sodium and chloride, an increase in potassium and calcium, an increase in relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney as compared to the normal control group. The group of mice treated with 200 mg/kg, 400mg/kg of extract, and silymarin control significantly reduced the serum kidney markers and prevented pathological damage to the kidney compared to the negative control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The present study's findings revealed that <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> Mill exhibits nephroprotective activities by ameliorating nephrotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolite profile and antioxidant activities of Trikatu, black pepper, Javanese long pepper, and red ginger essential oils","authors":"Dewa Ayu Ika Pramitha ,&nbsp;Tati Herlina ,&nbsp;Iman Permana Maksum ,&nbsp;Ari Hardianto ,&nbsp;Abd. Wahid Rizaldi Akili ,&nbsp;Jalifah Latip","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trikatu (TR) is an Ayurvedic formulation that consists of three pungent medicinal ingredients: long pepper fruit, black pepper, and ginger rhizome. However, the strong pungency of the TR constituents poses challenges for oral administration. Therefore, the formulation of TR in the form of essential oils for aromatherapy could be considered to overcome this challenge.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of the study</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the contribution of black pepper (BP), Javanese long pepper (JLP), and red ginger (RG) to the GCMS– metabolite profile of Trikatu (TR) essential oil and to investigate their in vitro antioxidant activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The essential oils from BP, JLP, and RG were extracted using the stahl hydro-distillation method. Phytochemical profiling was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed with the help of R packages of factoMiner and factoExtra to examine the metabolite distributions. Antioxidant activities of TR, BP, JLP, and RG essential oils was determined using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The GC–MS analysis of BP, JLP, RG, and TR essential oils revealed the presence of 11 common compound, including linalool, caryophyllene, and beta-bisabolene. PCA showed different patterns of compound abundance across the samples. For example, linalool was more abundant in TR samples, while gamma-bisabolene was more in JLP samples. The antioxidant activities of TR, BP, JLP, and RG essential oils were significantly different, with RG showing the lowest IC₅₀ value 2.73 ± 0.09 mg/mL, indicating higher antioxidant potential compared to BP and JLP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the unique metabolite profiles in RG, BP, JLP, and TR essential oils, which contribute significantly to their bioactive properties, particularly antioxidant activity. RG essential oil plays a significant role in enhancing the antioxidant potential of TR. These insights support broader applications in aromatherapy, wellness, and healthcare, where TR essential oil can be used for antioxidant support, stress relief, and as a natural supplement. Future research may further optimize these essential oils for targeted therapeutic and preventive applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The anticancer properties, cell-cycle cytotoxicity and apoptosis of cissus rotundifolia, trema orientalis, and buddleja polystachya with ocular applications","authors":"Ali Hendi Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Aimun A.E. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mahadi bashir ,&nbsp;Haidar abdalgadir ,&nbsp;Asaad khalid ,&nbsp;Ashraf N. Abdalla ,&nbsp;Mohamed E. elzubier ,&nbsp;Riyad almaimani ,&nbsp;Bassem refaat ,&nbsp;Khalid alzahrani ,&nbsp;Saleh MS. alghamdi ,&nbsp;Sheraz gul","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Buddleja polystachya, Trema orientalis, and Cissus rotundifolia were applied locally for various ocular purposes, while receiving few scientific evaluations.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to screen the anticancer properties and determine the cell-cycle cytotoxicity and apoptotic activity of the most promising plant extract.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, MTT assays with MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma), HT29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma) and HepG2 (human liver adenocarcinoma) were used. In addition to MRC5 (normal human foetal lung fibroblast) was carried out for preliminary activity screening and selectivity. The most promising extract was subjected to GC–MS analysis to determine the phytochemical composition. Additionally, a clonogenic assay was performed to measure tumor cell survival and subsequent proliferative capacity after drug exposure was conducted for the most active extract(s) and finally western blotting was used to determine the expression change of the two selected proteins (survivin and CCND1) in order to determine the exact mechanistic features of the most promising plant extract.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The six extracts showed variable IC₅₀ values ranging from 1.77 to - 40.97 μg/mL. The most active extracts were C. rotundifolia coded as (stem; BEP-03A and leaves; BEP-03B) on HepG2 cells and showed ∼ 4 and 8 fold selectivity compared to normal MRC5 cells. Both extracts showed a dose-dependent clonogenic effect on HepG2 cells, which was comparable to the effect of doxorubicin. The extract (BEP-03B) caused a significant decrease in the expression of survivin and CCND1 compared to the control GAPDH at its highest dose (12 µg/mL). The GC–MS chromatogram of the leaf of C. rotundifolia extract (BEP-03B) revealed the presence of 17 compounds, as the main phytoconstituents representing 57.5 % of the total compounds present in <strong>BEP-03B</strong> Three steroidal components (<strong>12, 14</strong> and <strong>15</strong>) were the main components, while compound stigmast-5-en-3-ol (compound <strong>15</strong>) was the main component.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Leaves of Cissus rotundifolia (Forssk.) Vahl, possess a significant cytotoxic effect and it may produce this effect, through apoptosis induction, perturbation, and disruption of the cell cycle. The detected phytoconstituents in the plant extract might be involved in the tested cytotoxic activity and its molecular apoptotic mechanism. <em>Future studies are required to isolate the active ingredient(s) and confirm the therapeutic application(s).</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular investigation on active compounds in papaya leaves (Carica papaya Linn) as anti-malaria using network pharmacology, molecular docking, clustering-based analysis and molecular dynamics simulation","authors":"Arwansyah Arwansyah ,&nbsp;Sitti Rahmawati ,&nbsp;Siti Nuryanti ,&nbsp;Yenni Yusuf ,&nbsp;Hartono ,&nbsp;Abdur Rahman Arif","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malaria remains a significant global health issue. In Indonesia, &gt;400,000 cases of malaria were reported, with the highest prevalence in Papua Province. However, limited access to healthcare services in remote areas and the emergence of resistance to antimalarial drugs pose significant challenges to malaria elimination efforts in Indonesia. Hence, we investigate the active compounds in <em>Carica papaya Linn</em> as potential drugs against malaria using pharmacology combined with several in silico methods. A total of 23 proteins linked to the active compounds and malaria-related targets in human proteins were identified using network analysis. STAT3 protein is the first-degree rank based on network topological analysis, indicating it has a strong correlation with malaria infection. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed on the parasite protein Falcipain-2, revealing that five compounds exhibited higher binding affinities than Artemisinin (control), suggesting their potential as Falcipain-2 inhibitor. The stability of these complexes was further validated using MD simulations, showing no signs of instability in any of the models based on validation metrics. Citroxanthin (model 2) emerged as the most stable complex due to its favorable binding energy score. To confirm Citroxanthin's binding site, re-docking simulations and k-means clustering analysis were conducted. The results indicated that Citroxanthin in cluster 1 occupied a similar binding site as in the initial docking and MD simulation. From the viewpoints of the molecular investigations, including binding site analysis, binding energy, and structural dynamics, Citroxanthin may become a promising drug for treating malaria infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinach ameliorates dietary oxidized tallow-induced NAFLD by regulating inflammatory cytokines, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, and antioxidant systems","authors":"Neelab ,&nbsp;Alam Zeb ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jamil","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver disorders globally and is a major clinical concern that is increasing in both industrialized and developing countries.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the ability of <em>Spinacia oleracea</em> dried powder in protecting rabbits from the toxicity caused by oxidized-tallow.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Oxidized tallow and spinach powder were administered to the rabbits. The phenolic profile of spinach was studied using HPLC-DAD. Investigations were conducted on the liver phospholipid composition, liver-histology analysis, levels of antioxidants, liver-associated inflammatory cytokines, and the serum-lipid profile.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings revealed that the primary constituents of the extracts were gallic acid, luteolin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, and chlorogenic acid. Histological and biochemical examination of the liver revealed greater fat storage in the OT-group than in the control or therapy groups. The OT-treated rabbits exhibited increased levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines, decreased antioxidant status, and elevated lipid profiles. After consuming spinach, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α), PPARs, and antioxidants (CATs, SODs, TBARS, GSH-Px, and GSHs) returned to normal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dried spinach powder is an excellent dietary source of liver-protective chemicals that ameliorate NAFLD by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytomedicinal armamentarium: A review of inula racemosa-derived alantolactones and isoalantolactones in anticancer therapy","authors":"Joshi Gaurav Santoshrao ,&nbsp;Smriti Jamwal ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar,&nbsp;Ekta Bisht,&nbsp;Bisen Harsh Krishnakumar,&nbsp;Shreya Katoch,&nbsp;R.K. Asrani","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer remains a significant health challenge, with increasing incidence and mortality rates attributed to lifestyle factors and environmental pollutants. Despite decades of research, a universal cure for cancer remains elusive. The natural flora, particularly medicinal plants, offers a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic benefits. <em>Inula racemosa</em>, a plant used in Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been recognised for its various medicinal properties.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This review aims to summarize the recent research and advances concerning the anti-cancer effects of two key phytoconstituents—alantolactone and isoalantolactone—derived from <em>Inula racemosa</em>. The review focuses on understanding their mechanisms of action and potential as alternative cancer therapies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Keywords like \"Inula,\" \"anticancer,\" and \"cell lines\" were employed to identify relevant studies. Initially 126 papers were screened in total and the collected data were analysed to assess the anti-cancer properties of alantolactone and isoalantolactone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Studies indicate that alantolactone and isoalantolactone exhibit significant anti-cancer activities through various mechanisms. These include the induction of apoptosis, regulation of the cell cycle, inhibition of angiogenesis, and suppression of metastasis. The compounds have demonstrated efficacy in vitro and in vivo, affecting various cancer cell lines with minimal toxicity to normal cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Alantolactone and isoalantolactone from <em>Inula racemosa</em> show promising potential as anti-cancer agents. Their diverse mechanisms of action and minimal side effects position them as candidates for further research and development. Future studies should focus on clinical trials to establish their efficacy and safety in humans, paving the way for new cancer therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100674"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}