Phytomedicine Plus最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of phytochemical constituents in different parts of Aspilia africana: A potential medicinal plant for therapeutic applications","authors":"Gerheart Winfred Ashong,&nbsp;Edward Ebow Kwaansa – Ansah,&nbsp;Mohammed Alhassan,&nbsp;Prince Nana Adofo,&nbsp;Jeremiah Adu Sarkodie,&nbsp;Boansi Adu Ababio","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Among the diverse array of plants used in traditional medicine, <em>Aspilia africana</em> is highly valued due to its high efficacy against many ailments and its well-noted potential for wound healing. The plant has been widely used to cure illnesses in traditional medicine, which is practiced throughout much of Africa, where an estimated about 80 % of the population gets their main healthcare from this source.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to qualitatively screen the phytochemical constituents of <em>Aspilia</em> a<em>fricana</em> to confirm its therapeutic properties and generate scientific proof that justifies its usage in traditional medicine.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div><em>Aspilia africana</em> stem, roots, and leaves were screened qualitatively for phytochemical components using pet-ether extracts and distilled water, and qualitative data was generated.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Extraction of phytochemicals was done by using the cold maceration method<strong>,</strong> 150 g of each of the dried parts were taken and packed into 3 separate glass jars containing 500 ml of each solvent (distilled water and pet-ether solvents) and allowed to stand for 24 h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study found 15 phytochemicals which include tannins, phlobatannins, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonols, glycosides, phenols, steroids, anthraquinones, saponins, phytosterols, proteins and amino acids, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, and flavonoids in <em>A. africana.</em> The occurrence of the therapeutic components in the aqueous extract of roots, leaves, and stem were nine (9), nine (9), and eight (8) respectively, and that of the pet-ether extract were nine (9), eight (8), and seven (7) in roots, leaves, and stem respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of these phytochemicals indicates prospective uses in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, as well as supports the use of Aspilia <em>africana</em> in traditional medicine. To completely understand and make use of the plant's medicinal qualities, further investigations are required on its anti-microbial activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem extract from Costus afer (Bush cane) prevents ethanol-induced neuronal degeneration in mice via an antioxidant-inflammatory pathway","authors":"Agnes Igimi Odey ,&nbsp;Sunday A. Bisong ,&nbsp;Iliya Ezekiel ,&nbsp;Ejike Daniel Eze ,&nbsp;Solomon Emmanuel Nachamada ,&nbsp;Ayomide Victor Atoki ,&nbsp;Olufunke Onaadepo ,&nbsp;Patrick Maduabuchi Aja","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100653","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Excessive alcohol consumption is associated with memory impairment and can lead to Alzheimer's disease-like dementia, contributing to the rising prevalence of dementia worldwide. &lt;em&gt;Costus afer&lt;/em&gt; (Bush cane) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional African medicine for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. It is commonly employed to treat various ailments, including inflammatory diseases, respiratory conditions, and gastrointestinal disorders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Given its traditional use in the treatment of kyphosis (hunchback) which is implicated in cerebral palsy and degenerative disease of the spine, we explored its potential neuroprotective effects against ethanol-induced neuronal degeneration, in this research, we examined the potential protective impacts on memory and neurology afforded by the aqueous stem extract derived from &lt;em&gt;C. afer&lt;/em&gt; in mice subjected to ethanol exposure.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Forty-five male Swiss mice weighing 22–35 g were divided into five groups (&lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt; = 9): control (treated with distilled water orally), memory-impaired (treated with ethanol at 5 g/kg orally), and three groups treated with ethanol followed by administration of &lt;em&gt;C. afer&lt;/em&gt; at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg respectively. All animals were provided unrestricted access to both food and water throughout the duration of the study. Memory impairment was assessed after 28 days using the T-maze spontaneous alternation test. Subsequently, spectrophotometry, ELISA, and histomorphometry were employed to evaluate indicators of neuronal inflammation, oxidative stress linked to inflammation, and degenerative changes were assessed in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ethanol administration led to a notable (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.01) decline in neurobehavioral function, as evidenced by reduced spontaneous alternation behavior, which was mitigated by &lt;em&gt;C. afer&lt;/em&gt; treatment, leading to increased percentage alternation. Furthermore, ethanol administration altered endogenous antioxidant levels and pro-inflammatory mediators, resulting in elevated lipid peroxidation, nitrite, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and decreased superoxide dismutase activity, promoting neuronal degeneration in the mice brains. However, treatment with &lt;em&gt;C. afer&lt;/em&gt; at doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg substantially (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) attenuated oxidoinflammatory stress by reducing levels of MDA, NO-2, TNF-α, IL-6, while upregulating SOD activity, thereby preserving neuronal integrity in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and cerebellum.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;These findings suggest that &lt;em&gt;C. afer&lt;/em&gt; mitigates the progression of memory impairment induced by ethanol through mechanisms involving the suppression of oxidoinflammatory stress facilitators and inhibitio","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100653"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant, xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory, hypouricemic effect evaluation and GCMS analysis of ethanolic extract of Piper chaba stem: Supported by in vitro, in vivo, and molecular docking experiments","authors":"Sahria Rahman ,&nbsp;Umme Kulsum Hridy ,&nbsp;Marjana Alam ,&nbsp;Rahima Begum ,&nbsp;Md Arju Hossain ,&nbsp;Kishore Kumar Sarkar ,&nbsp;Kamalesh Saha ,&nbsp;Apurba Kumar Barman ,&nbsp;Nripendra Nath Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Piper chaba</em> has been traditionally using for its potential health benefits. The principal goal of this investigation was to assess the pharmacological characteristics of the EEPCS, focusing on investigating its potential antihyperuricemic effects, ability to inhibit xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme, and antioxidant properties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The antioxidant capability of the extract was assessed using the DPPH radical assay. The extract was evaluated <em>in vitro</em> aimed at its xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) action and further experimented for its antihyperuricemic effect on the Potassium oxonate (PO) induced hyperuricemia murine model. Besides, molecular docking techniques were employed to interpret the inhibitory mechanism of the compounds identified through GCMS analysis of the EEPCS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no safety concern at doses up to 3000 mg/kg of the extract as confirmed by mice model studies. The extract displayed potent the antioxidant properties during quantitative antioxidant test (IC₅₀=104.9 ± 0.99 µg/mL). In XOI test, the extract was found to be effective with an IC₅₀ value of 26.14 μg/mL. In addition, the extract was found to decrease the Serum uric acid (SUA) levels by 36.72 and 61.84 % at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight respectively, compared to the hyperurecaemic animals. The GCMS analysis of the extract revealed eighteen distinct compounds, which were docked against human peroxiredoxin 5 and xanthin oxidase proteins. Selina-3,7(11)-diene (CID: 6429221) was the most effective phytochemical for the human peroxiredoxin 5 protein having binding score −6.2 Kcal/mol compared to standard ascorbic acid (5.6 Kcal/mol). Besides, gamma-muurolene (-7.9 Kcal/mol) was the most effective phytochemical for the XO protein compared to standard allopurinol (−6.4 Kcal/mol).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our experimental data showed that the EEPCS has potentiality as an antioxidant and hypouricemic agent that could be contributed to treat and manage oxidative stress (OS), gout and hyperuricemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet antiaggregant activity of Hypericum perforatum extracts","authors":"Maria Céu Monteiro ,&nbsp;Daniela Costa ,&nbsp;Alberto Dias ,&nbsp;Luís Bernardo Pina-Cabral ,&nbsp;António Almeida-Dias ,&nbsp;Jorge Machado ,&nbsp;Maria Begoña Criado","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In addition to its potential use as an antidepressant, different studies have shown that <em>Hypericum perforatum</em> (HP) can have antibacterial, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. Despite this potential, most of the therapeutic bioactivities attributed to HP need further scientific support. In a previous study we found an inhibitory effect of HP in platelet activation markers. So, in the present work we investigate the effect of HP in another aspect of platelet function, platelet aggregation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>First, the effect of different concentrations of the total alcoholic extract of HP on platelet aggregation was studied in 9 healthy donors by aggregometry methods using collagen as agonist. After that, to obtain dose-effect curves, 3 experiments were carried out independently in a single individual using collagen, adenosine diphosphate and epinephrine as agonists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results reveal a marked inter-individual variability and a significant dose-dependent decrease of aggregation responses induced by collagen in the presence of HP extracts (mean of minimum inhibition: 8 % at a dose of 0.068 mg es/ml and mean of maximum inhibition: 43 % at a dose of 0.456 mg es/ml). With the results obtained it was possible to obtained a IC₅₀ value of 0.34 mg es/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We can conclude that HP has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on platelet function (activation and aggregation responses), therefore, our results suggest that HP may be recognized as an herbal medicine with anti-platelet properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoid-rich fraction of Monodora tenuifolia Benth seeds improves antioxidant status in male Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced Diabetes mellitus","authors":"Samuel Nzekwe ,&nbsp;Adetoun Morakinyo ,&nbsp;Monde Ntwasa ,&nbsp;Sogolo Lebelo ,&nbsp;Oluwafemi Oguntibeju ,&nbsp;Oluokun Oyedapo ,&nbsp;Ademola Ayeleso","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Oxidative stress is a disruption in the balance between free radicals and the body's natural defenses. This study investigated the modulatory effect of a flavonoid-rich fraction of Monodora tenuifolia seed (FRFMTS) on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in diabetic Wistar rats. The plant seeds were collected, and identified then, hydro-ethanolic extract was obtained with 80 % (v/v) ethanol and partitioned with solvents to obtain the FRFMTS. Diabetes mellitus was induced with a single dose of 40 mg/kg bwt streptozotocin and the rats were treated according to their grouping; group 1: non-diabetic control, groups 2 and 3: non-diabetic treated with 25 mg/kg FRFMTS and 50 mg/kg FRFMTS, respectively. Group 4: diabetic control group, groups 5 and 6: diabetic groups treated with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg FRFMTS, respectively, while group 7: diabetic treated with 6.67 mg/kg metformin. Antioxidant status, oxidative stress biomarkers and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined in plasma, heart, and kidney tissues using established procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) was increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in diabetic rats upon treatment with 25 mg/kg FRFMTS (70.4 %), while 50 mg/kg FRFMTS increased TAS by 70 %. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the plasma, heart, and kidney of diabetic rats significantly decreased (61.3 %, 58.8 % and 31.4 % respectively) while lipid peroxidation (LPO) was elevated when compared with normal control groups. Flavonoid-rich fraction of M. tenuifolia at 25 mg/kg bwt and 50 mg/kg bwt significantly increased the activity GPx enzyme by 32.3 % and 72 % in plasma, while there was no significant differences in both kidney and heart of diabetic rats when compared with diabetic control groups. The treatment of diabetic rats with 25 mg/kg FRFMTS and 50 mg/kg FRFMTS improved SOD activity in the plasma (51.5 % and 69.8 %), heart (32.3 % and 27.6 %) and kidney (31.4 % and 27.1 %) respectively, and CAT activity in plasma (44.2 % and 57 %), heart (28.6 % and 60 %) and kidney (69.6 % and 76.7 %) respectively. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lipid peroxidation assay in the heart and kidney of diabetic rats treated with 25 mg/kg FRFMTS and 50 mg/kg FRFMTS reduced significantly by (62.5 % and 71.1 % in heart), while 50 mg/kg FRFMTS significantly reduced MDA in kidney by 43.8 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results showed that FRFMTS reduces oxidative stress and enhances the activities of antioxidant enzymes in STZ-diabetic Wistar rats. As such, FRFMTS could be useful in the management of oxidative stress-mediated diabetic complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100646"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation alters the bioactive properties of kaempferol derived from horse gram extract","authors":"Amber Rizwan ,&nbsp;Husna Shaikh ,&nbsp;Insha Latief ,&nbsp;Waseem Ali ,&nbsp;Adil Parvez ,&nbsp;Kunal Malik ,&nbsp;Sonam Grover ,&nbsp;Humaira Farooqi","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study investigates the therapeutic potential of kaempferol, a metabolite from horse gram seeds, by comparing extracts from non-fermented and fermented sources. Kaempferol is known for its ability to interact with tumour suppressor genes, notably p53, and for its higher binding stability than conventional vinblastine.</div></div><div><h3>Hypothesis</h3><div>It is hypothesised that kaempferol extracted from fermented horse gram seeds will have superior anti-leukaemic properties compared to kaempferol from non-fermented seeds due to the higher yield and improved stability observed under fermentation conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study compared the efficacy of kaempferol from non-fermented and fermented horse gram seeds using different experimental approaches. Affinity to p53 and other target proteins (BAK, BAX), cell viability and apoptosis assays in HL-60 cells, as well as hematologic and histopathology analyses, were performed to evaluate therapeutic efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Kaempferol, the active compound extracted from horse gram seeds, showed a significantly stronger affinity for tumour suppressor genes (p53) than the standard vinblastine across all target proteins (BAK, BAX). Kaempferol demonstrated greater stability in binding to P53 genes than vinblastine. The yield of kaempferol, the active ingredient of horse gram, increased by more than 50 % under fermentation conditions. Kaempferol curtailed viability and enhanced apoptosis in HL-60 cells more than vinblastine. Kaempferol, obtained from fermented seeds, markedly reduces red and white blood cell levels, such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, and myeloblast cells, compared to vinblastine—no alteration in basophils and eosinophils. The histopathological alterations in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow caused by ENU were also reduced by kaempferol extract from horse gram. Kaempferol from fermented seeds was more effective than that obtained under non-fermented conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that kaempferol obtained from fermented horse gram possesses more antileukaemia potential, showing more therapeutic potency than extract obtained from non-fermented horse gram. Studies indicate that fermentation factors influence the production of kaempferol and its therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100647"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated In-Silico-In-Chemico-In-Vitro (iSiCiV) Approach to identify biomarkers to predict the skin sensitisation potential of phytochemicals","authors":"BR Bharath,&nbsp;Kirti Shitiz,&nbsp;Priyanka Mishra,&nbsp;Nitin Patel,&nbsp;Vaibav Barot,&nbsp;Abhishek Tater,&nbsp;Abhay Deshpande,&nbsp;Nadeem Khan,&nbsp;Rahul Date","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100650","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Skin sensitisation is one of the important regulatory endpoints used to determine whether a given test chemical can elicit an allergic response in susceptible individuals. The in-vitro approaches for predicting skin sensitisation potential for chemicals have been well-developed and widely accepted. Continuous efforts are being made to identify novel solutions to overcome the limitations of the existing approaches.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The herbal preparations used in dermal therapeutics are frequently found to elicit skin sensitisation, requiring caution. The herbal preparations tend to contain more than one phytochemical. The expected active ingredient may not possess skin sensitisation. However, the other phytochemical traces could pose synergistic and potentiating effects towards enhanced/suppressed skin sensitisation. In this regard, isolation, purification, yield, and &lt;em&gt;in-vitro / in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; evaluation of skin sensitisation for all the traces would be time, cost, and animal-consuming. Hence, the regulatory agencies appreciate using computational tools to substantiate &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; methods. The regulators have also endorsed using in-silico approaches like quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) and read-across. These approaches are limited to structure-based predictions and in combination with system-level approaches, which comprehensively facilitate a better understanding of complex biological systems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Study design&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In the present study, 603 phytochemicals were screened &lt;em&gt;in-silico&lt;/em&gt; using OECD QSAR Toolbox. The limitations of the QSAR Toolbox in predicting skin sensitisers were identified.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The systems biology-based approach to complement the QSAR-based prediction was developed, and 41 biomarkers were identified as a determinant of skin sensitisation. The molecules attributed to these biomarkers were predicted as skin sensitisers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;As a result, 31 phytochemicals were predicted as skin sensitisers. Acrolein, eugenol, formaldehyde, and glycerol were selected for experimental validation of the &lt;em&gt;in-silico&lt;/em&gt; predictions using direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), KeratinoSens™, and h-CLAT assays representing each key event in skin sensitisation. Further, identified biomarkers were validated in THP-1 and KeratinoSens cell lines using qRT-PCR. Among all genes, IL-8 and CCL4 were upregulated by 6.4 and 5.6 folds, respectively, in THP-1, while AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 were upregulated by 7.8 and 11.1 folds, respectively, in KeratinoSens. IL-8 level was analysed by ELISA and found to be in line with qRT-PCR results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The study proposes a possible strategy based on the “iSiCiV” approach to enhance the prediction of the dermal sensitisation potential of a test compound. The approach offers a robust platform and highlights an opportunity to shift t","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review on phytochemicals structure and activity databases","authors":"Shyam G Ingle ,&nbsp;Aniket K Gade ,&nbsp;Ganesh B Hedawoo","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Phytochemicals, natural compounds derived from plants, have garnered significant attention for their potential health benefits and therapeutic properties. The burgeoning interest in leveraging phytochemicals for drug discovery underscores the necessity for comprehensive and reliable databases to store and analyze their structural and activity data.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This systematic review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of existing phytochemicals structure and activity databases, focusing on their features, capabilities, and limitations. This work provides fundamental information and multidimensional perspectives from plant information sources for modern drug discovery.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>The review presents an analysis of the availability of chemical structure and other pertinent information across the identified databases. The search involved electronic databases, such as PubMed, and Web of Science, as well as manual searching of reference lists of relevant articles and reviews from Google Scholar and other search repositories.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search strategy is employed to identify relevant databases that focus on phytochemicals and their structural and activity data. A literature survey spanning the last 20 years was conducted, identifying over 60 distinct phytochemicals databases and collections, with emphasis on published databases. Moreover, databases that have become inaccessible over time, leading to a loss of phytochemicals data, are highlighted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review provides insights into the landscape of phytochemicals databases, delineating the diversity of available resources and their accessibility. During literature survey since 1994, this study identified over 60 distinct phytochemicals databases and collections from published sources. Among these, 49 are currently open access, ensuring accessibility to a broader audience. Additionally, 18 databases allow bulk downloading, facilitating extensive and efficient access to phytochemicals data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>By synthesizing fundamental information from diverse plant information sources, this review aims to offer multidimensional perspectives for modern drug discovery. It underscores the importance of accessible, maintained, and reliable databases in advancing research and development efforts harnessing the potential of phytochemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of anti-hypertensive activity of Quercus leucotrichophora A. camus methanolic extract on DOCA-salt induced hypertensive rats","authors":"Shivali Singla ,&nbsp;Chinu Kumari ,&nbsp;Anand Kamal Sachdeva ,&nbsp;Shilpi Sachdeva ,&nbsp;Sachin Goyal","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus, commonly known as Banj oak or Ban tree, belongs to the Fagaceae family and is abundantly found in the regions of Shimla, Kullu-Manali, and upper Mandi in Himachal Pradesh. This study explores the medicinal properties of plant seeds, known for their antioxidant and diuretic activity, traditionally utilized in the treatment of hypertension and hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the antihypertensive effect of methanolic extract of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus seeds in DOCA sat induced rats.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Ground seeds of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus were stored in an airtight container. A total of 100 gs of dried seed powder were subjected to extraction using 250 ml of methanol and a Soxhlet extractor maintained at 60–65 °C for five hours. The resulting dried extract (5 gs) was stored in an airtight container in a refrigerator at low temperature and administered by rats to test its antihypertensive impact. The assessment of obtained extract impact on hypertension induced by DOCA-salt was conducted through blood pressure measurement and biochemical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study revealed that the methanolic extract of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus seeds exerted blood pressure-lowering effects, associated with an increase in serum Nitric Oxide (NO) levels. The attenuation of hypertension by extract was further linked to the normalization of serum Na⁺ and K⁺concentrations, indicating an improvement in electrolyte imbalance. Additionally, the antioxidant properties of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus were evident through increased activities of Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Peroxidase <strong>(</strong>GHPx), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and decrease activity of Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of our investigation suggest that the antihypertensive action of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus is correlated with enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation and an augmented antioxidant defense system. This sheds light on the potential therapeutic benefits of plant under investigation in managing hypertension, emphasizing its role in promoting cardiovascular health. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to explore the full pharmacological potential of <em>Quercus leucotrichophora</em> A. camus in the field of cardiovascular medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical profiling, molecular docking, and ADMET evaluation of essential oils from Anaphalis busua and Anaphalis margaritacea in Uttarakhand's Himalayan Terrain","authors":"Ananya Bahuguna,&nbsp;Shiv Kumar Dubey,&nbsp;Arti","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study focuses on a comparative analysis of essential oils derived from two species of the <em>Anaphalis</em> genus, namely <em>Anaphalis busua</em> and <em>Anaphalis margaritacea</em>, collected at varying elevations in the hilly terrain of Uttarakhand. The investigation aims to explore the phytochemical composition, conduct in silico molecular docking studies, and evaluate ADMET properties of the essential oils to understand their potential bioactivity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Essential oils were extracted from the whole plants using the hydrodistillation method, and GC–MS was employed for compound identification. A total of 31 compounds were identified in <em>A. busua</em> and 32 in <em>A. margaritacea</em>, constituting 87.86 % and 87.83 % of the total composition, respectively. Major compounds included isocaryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, geranyl-α-terpinene, α-pinene, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, humulene, and copaene.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Molecular docking studies were conducted using PyRx software on ten notable compounds as ligands, targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and human peroxiredoxin 5 to assess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Isocaryophyllene, with concentrations of 14.07 % (<em>A. busua</em>) and 17.82 % (<em>A. margaritacea</em>), exhibited significant binding affinities of -5.7 and -7.2 kcal/mol against 1HD2 and 4COX, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The research provides valuable insights into the chemical composition of essential oils from <em>Anaphalis</em> plants and validates their bioactive potential through in silico analysis. Isocaryophyllene emerges as a key compound with noteworthy binding affinities, emphasizing its importance in the medicinal and pharmacological applications of essential oils derived from <em>A. busua</em> and <em>A. margaritacea</em>. The results enhance our understanding of the therapeutic potential of <em>Anaphalis</em> essential oils, opening avenues for future research in natural products and drug discovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}