Phytomedicine Plus最新文献

{"title":"Virgin coconut oil lessens trichloroacetic acid assault on the stomach and intestine of rats via enhancement of Nrf2 but inhibition of TNF-α, IL1β/NF-kB signalling pathway","authors":"OO Oladokun ,&nbsp;KO Ajeigbe ,&nbsp;MA Adelakun","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Trichloroacetic acid (TCA), a known environmental toxicant, causes organ damage via oxidative stress and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is known for many beneficial health effects associated with its phenolic acids and flavonoid contents. We, therefore, explore the mechanisms underlying the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Virgin Coconut oil (VCO) alone, or combined with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) in the treatment of TCA-induced gastric and intestinal damage in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Rats received TCA (250 mg/Kg b.wt, p.o) for ten days, followed by either 5 % or 10 % VCO per gram feed alone or in combination with 5FU (50 mg/kg, i.p) for another ten days. Stomach and intestinal tissue oxidative stress parameters and inflammatory markers were evaluated along with histological examination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TCA's intoxication which caused a decrease in the activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, and Nrf2 in the stomach and colon, and an increase in MDA, MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-kB levels were all reversed by VCO, either alone or in combination with 5-FU. Further, histomorphometry data favored the anti-inflammatory potentials of VCO. Parietal cell mass and inflammatory cell infiltration elaborated by TCA were reduced significantly by VCO and 5-FU. Similarly, intestinal crypt depth assessment and inflammatory cell infiltration earlier increased in the TCA group was quashed by VCO. Still, both gastric mucous and goblet cells hitherto reduced were significantly enhanced by VCO alone or in combination with 5-FU. Focal disruption of the gastric pit, derangement of surface epithelium, and sloughing of the surface epithelial barrier of the intestinal villi occasioned by TCA were all assuaged by VCO.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Virgin coconut oil shows a promising adjunctive effect quashing trichloroacetic acid-induced injury in the stomach and intestine via suppression of lipid peroxidation, enhancement of Nrf2 but inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β/NF-kB signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of an herbal galactagogue decoction versus powdered formulation in lactating rats","authors":"Pruksa Chotitham ,&nbsp;Suksalin Booranasubkajorn ,&nbsp;Saracha Pattanapholkornsakul ,&nbsp;Pravit Akarasereenont ,&nbsp;Pinpat Tripatara","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>An herbal galactagogue formula in Thai traditional medicine, known as the Prasanamnom formula (PNF), has been utilized to increase maternal breast milk. The traditional method of administering PNF is via decoction, which has become inconvenient in modern times. Consequently, it has been newly produced in a powdered form for capsule prescription. However, the efficacy and safety of PNF in either form have not been studied.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study investigated the effects of PNF decoction and powder on milk production and their safety regarding organ functions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Maternal rats were administered distilled water, PNF decoction (300, 600, 1000 mg/kg), or PNF powder from the capsule (100, 300, 1000 mg/kg), or given 10 mg/kg domperidone as a positive control, once daily on postnatal days (PND) 1 to 21. Milk yield was estimated by pup weight. Analyses were conducted on maternal blood samples collected on prenatal days, and PND 7, 14, and 21, and pup blood samples collected on PND 22.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PNF decoction (600 mg/kg) and domperidone significantly increased the mean of milk production and serum prolactin level when compared with the vehicle control. The PNF powder had no such effects. Both PNF decoction and powder did not exhibit subacute toxicity to the liver and kidneys in maternal rats and pups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The effectiveness of the PNF decoction in improving both milk production and prolactin levels was similar to that of domperidone. Additionally, the traditional decoction method was effective in increasing milk production and elevating serum prolactin levels in mother rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Croton genera (Euphorbiaceae) and its richness in chemical constituents with potential range of applications","authors":"Carlos Andrés Coy-Barrera ,&nbsp;Laura Galvis ,&nbsp;Maria Juliana Rueda ,&nbsp;Sergio Alejandro Torres-Cortés","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This review focuses on the various applications of species from the genus &lt;em&gt;Croton&lt;/em&gt;, which belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. It aims to summarize information gathered worldwide from studies of &lt;em&gt;Croton&lt;/em&gt; species concerning ethnobotanical, pharmacological, and other uses over the past ten years and the respective discussion. An important aspect to consider is that the present review of herbal medicines provides an alternative for developing new therapeutic objectives supported by preclinical studies and promotes new treatment options against the diseases that affect us in the current situation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Within the framework of this review, bibliographical research was conducted based on literature published in specialized journals and by accessing crucial information from globally recognized scientific databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, SciELO, and SpringerLink). After extraction from electronic databases, articles were selected based on eligibility criteria. In total, 268 published articles of plants of species of the genus Croton were reviewed for ethnobotanical uses, of which 172 were considered for final analysis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The increase in studies focusing on species of this genus worldwide can be attributed to their wide range of medicinal applications. Ethnobotanical studies reflect numerous uses in different communities, addressing issues such as intestinal disorders, general pain, cancer, hypertension, diabetes, hemorrhoids, sexual impotence, respiratory diseases, COVID -19, ulcers, and intestinal parasites. The information on traditional medicine has aroused the interest of the scientific community, which seeks to identify the chemical components responsible for its use . In this context, the main components of &lt;em&gt;Croton&lt;/em&gt; are primarily terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds, to which various types of biological activities are attributed, such as antioxidants, antibacterial, anticoagulant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Furthermore, &lt;em&gt;Croton&lt;/em&gt; has applications as an insecticide and as an alternative source of biodiesel. This demonstrates that species of this genus possess potential for various medicinal applications and serve as a source of chemical compounds that could become active principles of phytotherapeutics with significant results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;It is evident that this type of compound has variety concerning oxygen substituents, which may provide information of interest for future studies on structure-activity relationships and offer alternatives of natural origin that can be evaluated against related organisms to demonstrate the pharmacological potential found in the literature.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This revision has a novel and principal aim: to collect information on the biomedicinal, chemical, and industrial applicat","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticancer properties of Dillenia suffruticosa (Griffith Ex. Hook. F. & Thomsom) Martelli","authors":"Ika Rahayu ,&nbsp;Susana Elya Sudrajat ,&nbsp;Kris Herawan Timotius","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer is one of the most dreaded diseases worldwide. Herbal medicine represents a promising potential source for various types of cancer treatments. The herbal plant <em>Dillenia suffruticosa</em> shows potential in combating cancer progression.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review aims to evaluate the anticancer effects of <em>D. suffruticosa</em>, including its extracts and bioactive compounds, on cellular responses, subcellular (mitochondrial) functions, and molecular aspects, as well as the associated molecular pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Previous reports on anticancer properties of <em>D. suffruticosa</em> were searched and screened from online sources, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of anticancer studies on <em>D. suffruticosa</em> focus on breast cancer cell lines, particularly MCF7. The most effective extracts are those derived from ethyl acetate or dichloromethane. These extracts exhibit cytotoxic effects on the MCF7 breast cancer cell line in a dose- and time-dependent manner. They can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Their anticancer activities are also linked to the upregulation and downregulation of various signaling pathways, including the upregulation of SOD1, SOD2, NFκB, p53, p38, MAPK, and catalase, as well as the downregulation of Akt1. The major bioactive compounds present in these extracts, such as betulinic acid, koetjapic acid, lupeol, vitexin, tiliroside, and kaempferol, contribute to their anticancer properties. The presence of these compounds is crucial in determining the anticancer potential of the extract.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Semipolar extracts and bioactive compounds of <em>D. suffruticosa</em> demonstrate potential as an effective intervention against cancer cells, particularly in the case of breast cancer. These extracts inhibit cancer cell growth, induce apoptosis, and target pathways like p53/p21, JNK, PI3K/AKT, and NFκB, with effects linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Further research is needed to explore its roles in autophagy, cell differentiation, and the tumor microenvironment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100736"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytomedicine nanoformulations for Parkinson's disease","authors":"Chinthu V. Saji,&nbsp;K P Mohanakumar,&nbsp;Rajesh A Shenoi","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Current medications for Parkinson's disease (PD) primarily offer symptomatic relief, and often lead to adverse effects on long-term use. This highlights the need for disease-modifying therapies. In recent years, attentions of both clinicians and patients have shifted to herbal medicines that are rich source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential to target multiple pathways involved in PD pathology. When integrated with nanotechnology, phytomedicines can overcome key limitations of herbal molecules, such as poor solubility, low bioavailability, and difficulty in crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature survey was conducted using PubMed. Studies were categorized into <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> models of the disease for assessing their relevance and impact on PD research.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review identified 26 nanoformulations from seven distinct herbal molecules and eight different whole plant extracts that have been evaluated for their effectiveness in treating PD and other brain disorders. <em>In vitro</em> studies demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake and neuroprotective effects, while <em>in vivo</em> models showed improved pharmacokinetics, BBB permeability and neuroprotective outcomes. Additionally, nine plant-derived compounds with potential effects against PD, but are not nanoformulated were investigated, highlighting their neuroprotective mechanisms but exposing the existing limitations. This article emphasizes the improved neuroprotective effects of nanoformulated herbal compounds in cellular and animal models of PD and outlines the mechanisms by which these nanoformulations enhance BBB penetration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Phytomedicines formulated using nanoliposomes, nanoemlusions, polymeric nanoparticles, nanocrystals and metal nanoparticles have shown promise in improving the drug bioavailability and BBB penetration, resulting in better therapeutic effect in PD cellular and animal models. However, challenges such as scalability, regulatory compliance, and concerns over long term safety of these nanoformulations have to be considered for them to be clinically viable. Hence addressing these issues through rigorous preclinical and clinical testing is essential to confirm their safety and therapeutic potential. Further advancements in PD treatment could be achieved by developing multicomponent herbal nanoformulations that act synergistically on multiple PD targets. This approach may be effective in addressing the underlying pathogenesis of PD, thereby slowing the disease progression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telomerase inhibiting phytochemicals derived from Blumea eriantha for cancer treatment: A comprehensive computational analysis","authors":"Rahil Ummar Faruk Abbu ,&nbsp;Shaik Mohammad Abdul Fayaz ,&nbsp;Divyashree M S ,&nbsp;Raghu Chandrashekhar H ,&nbsp;Prasanna Kumar Reddy Gayam ,&nbsp;Archana Mahadev Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One potential treatment target for cancer cells is telomerase, an essential enzyme involved in the longevity of cancer cells. Current cancer treatments targeting telomerase often involve synthetic drugs with significant side effects, necessitating alternative approaches such as plant-based therapeutics. This study investigates the anti-telomerase activity of twelve phytochemicals derived from <em>Blumea eriantha</em> for cancer treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined the binding relationships between telomerase and the phytochemicals by performing molecular docking using Glide – Schrödinger, CB-Dock2 (Covalent Blind Docking 2), and Achilles Blind Docking. To further assess the interaction and stability of these phytochemicals and predict their behavior in a biological environment when targeting telomerase, we conducted molecular dynamic simulations using Desmond–Schrödinger. A comprehensive pharmacokinetic analysis using SwissADME and pkCSM (Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity by Computational Structure-based Models) supported these results by determining the drug-like qualities of these phytochemicals. The study further went on to identify synergistic treatment combinations using the Handy Recommendation Algorithm for Cancer Synergy (HRACS), where certain pairs of phytochemicals demonstrated enhanced anti-cancer efficacy against telomerase protein in A549 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, suggesting that combinatorial therapy techniques may have potential.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the phytochemicals evaluated, Tyrphostin AG494 demonstrated the highest binding affinity to telomerase, as evidenced by its lowest interaction energy, with a Glide – Schrödinger Docking Score of -8.802 kcal/mol and a CB-Dock2 and Achilles Blind Docking Score of -8.5 kcal/mol. The phytochemical also exhibited a robust binding affinity mediated by consistent magnesium metal ion interactions involving key residues such as Asp251, Asp252, Ile252, and Asp343, along with additional hydrogen bonding and water-mediated contacts that enhance its stability and selectivity. Furthermore, all the phytochemicals, except Quassimarin, demonstrated various drug-like ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) parameters and validated Lipinski's rule of five, Veber, and Egan drug-likeness rules.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Tyrphostin AG494 is the most effective natural phytochemical for inhibiting telomerase, exhibiting excellent binding affinity and stability, strong ADMET properties, and a safe toxicity profile. Therefore, following experimental validation, Tyrphostin AG494 is the most suitable and prospective candidate for telomerase inhibition and cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnomedicinal understandings and pharmacognosy of Dischidia (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A potential epiphytic genus","authors":"Gitartha Saikia,&nbsp;Nilakshee Devi","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This is a comprehensive review on the epiphytic genus <em>Dischidia</em> of Apocynaceae <em>s.l</em>. with pivotal role in their folk medicinal practices and further investigating the secondary metabolites involved in curing various diseases via traditional means.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The present study focused on the traditional medicinal uses of the genus <em>Dischidia</em> in different corners of the world by diverse indigenous peoples to reflect a lucid image regarding the traditional and ethno pharmacological significance of the genus and their continuous considerable services for the wellbeing of the people from the primordial period to the present era.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Different ethnomedicinal practices of the genus, plant parts used, modes of their administrations, types of diseases cured, reported chemical constituents and their therapeutic activities against a particular type of illness were analyzed based on the previously documented literatures and thus scrutinized the medicinal prospects of the genus for the forthcoming generation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present review reports the utilization of 10 species of <em>Dischida</em> across eight countries of the world in the field of folk medicines. Till hitherto, 21 bioactive compounds have been isolated from four species of <em>Dischidia</em>. The therapeutic potentialities of the documented bioactive compounds are boon with 18 different kinds of healing activities with the discovery of novel chemical compounds makes Dischidia as a potential and promising epiphytic genus of the Plant Kingdom.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baccaurea ramiflora fruit peel powder supplementation prevented inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administered ovariectomized rats","authors":"Tahsin Zahan ,&nbsp;Mirza Alimullah ,&nbsp;Ishrat Jahan ,&nbsp;Md. Borhan Uddin ,&nbsp;Khondker Ayesha Akter ,&nbsp;Md. Junaeid Rahman ,&nbsp;Shahnaz Siddiqua ,&nbsp;Kamrun Nahar Ela ,&nbsp;Sakil Amin ,&nbsp;Khondoker Shahin Ahmed ,&nbsp;Hemayet Hossain ,&nbsp;Ferdous Khan ,&nbsp;Md Ashraful Alam ,&nbsp;Nusrat Subhan","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Natural compounds derived from plants have demonstrated therapeutic effects in various liver-related disorders. This study explored the impact of <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder on oxidative stress and fibrosis in hepatic damage induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) in ovariectomized rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was done on <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder extract to confirm the presence of phenolic antioxidants. Female Long Evans ovariectomized rats, weighing between 220 and 260 gs, were allocated into five groups. All of the rats were sacrificed at the end of the study to examine the physiological parameters and oxidative stress markers, and tissue samples were obtained. In addition, the process of histological staining of liver sections was done for inflammation as well as tissue fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The HPLC study of <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, rutin hydrate, and rosmarinic acid. Administration of CCl₄ in rats resulted in elevated plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Supplementing rats with <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder in CCl₄ administered rats significantly decreased the transaminase activities in plasma. CCl₄ administration in rats resulted in an elevation of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The oxidative stress markers including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) were significantly reduced by <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder supplementation in CCl₄-administered rats. The catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were also restored in the plasma of CCl₄-administered rats. The results are comparable to the effects of silymarin therapy in rats that were administered CCl₄. <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder also modulated the oxidative stress genes and suppressed the inflammatory genes in the liver of CCl₄-administered rats.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that <em>Baccaurea ramiflora</em> fruit peel powder supplementation can offer protective effects against liver damage induced by CCl₄. This protection is achieved by mitigating lipid peroxidation, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, alleviating fibrosis, and enhancing the cellular antioxidant system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro and in vivo investigations of selected varieties of Areca catechu L - Phytochemical analysis, antiulcer, and wound healing activity","authors":"R. Deveswaran ,&nbsp;D.J. Madhu Kumar ,&nbsp;V. Madhavan ,&nbsp;Soma Chaki ,&nbsp;Misbah Khan ,&nbsp;Govind R. Kadambi ,&nbsp;B.V. Basavaraj ,&nbsp;J. Anbu","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigated the phytochemical composition and potential medicinal properties of arecanut grown in various regions of Karnataka. Arecanut, commonly chewed in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia for its purported medicinal benefits, contains arecoline, a pyridine alkaloid known for its pharmacological effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Selected varieties of arecanut were subjected to phytochemical analysis, GC-MS, HPTLC analysis, cell line studies using human oral and intestinal cell lines, wound healing, and anti-ulcer activity studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Phytochemical analysis of the selected arecanut revealed the presence of various compounds including alkaloids, phytosterols, fixed oils, saponins, and phenolic compounds. Further analysis through GC-MS of alcoholic and aqueous extracts identified 11 phytochemical constituents. High-performance thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) was employed to quantify the percentage of arecoline, ranging from 0.12 % to 0.95 % in the samples. Cell line studies using human gingival fibroblasts demonstrated that higher doses of the extracts exhibited a mitogenic effect, with a plateau observed at higher concentrations. Lower concentrations showed maximum cell viability, reaching 80 % at 2.5 mg/mL. These findings suggest a potential pro-fibrotic effect of the extracts. The study evaluated the wound healing activity of arecanut extracts. Treatment with arecagel resulted in a significant reduction in wound area compared to control and standard groups, indicating its potential in wound healing applications. In ulcer healing, the study utilized a pyloric ligation model, revealing the effectiveness of arecanut extract in promoting the healing of stomach ulcers. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the phytochemical composition and medicinal properties of arecanuts from different regions of Karnataka.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings could be beneficial for farmers in selecting suitable arecanut varieties for cultivation, and the identified medicinal properties may have implications among the farmer's community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amentoflavone from Selaginella bryopteris leaf extracts modulate MAPK signaling - Molecular modeling study for therapeutic target analysis","authors":"Praveen Mallari ,&nbsp;Mashooq Ahmad Bhat","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Selaginella bryopteris (L.)</em> is a pteridophytic herbaceous moss plant that grows in the wilderness and possesses phytochemicals that may exhibit therapeutic properties by altering some metabolic processes in the human body.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The goal was to forecast human protein targets of phytochemical compounds from <em>Selaginella bryopteris (L.)</em> and to understand their behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>The current research study has chosen to employ computational studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PubChem identifiers of the <em>Selaginella bryopteris (L.)</em> compounds were translated into the SMILES notations and used to query the PASS database to predict human targets. Interaction networks were built for the corresponding proteins, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and molecular mechanics. Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MMPBSA) binding free energy calculations were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Finally, 61 possible human protein targets were established. The network of 56 proteins indicated that MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK14 are potential therapeutic targets with 18, 9 and 57 interacting nodes, respectively. The docking analysis calculated the binding energies to be -9.9, -10.3 and -10.2 Kcal/mol with MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK14, respectively. The MMPBSA analysis suggested that the binding conformations were well preserved up to 100 ns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to computational analysis, the compounds demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and pro-apoptotic effects by binding to the MAPK proteins. Subsequent research aims to characterize individual bioactive phytochemicals and their mode of action for possible pharmacological application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100759"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}