Phytomedicine Plus最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the influence of matcha green tea extract on NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway activation in rats: A study on irradiation-induced acute hepatic inflammatory response","authors":"Noha Sayed Hamed,&nbsp;Eithar K. El Adham,&nbsp;Amal I. Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100730","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100730","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Numerous forms of cancer are frequently treated with radiation therapy, which provides substantial benefits in tumor control. However, adverse effects, particularly the development of severe hepatitis, may render radiation therapy ineffective.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study investigates the potential of matcha (M) green tea extract, a natural compound known for its high antioxidant properties and health-promoting properties, in a new approach to reduce radiation-induced liver damage.</div></div><div><h3>Study design and method</h3><div>In this experimental investigation, the administration of M was conducted on female Wistar rats for duration of two weeks after gamma-ray irradiation. Next, a series of biochemical experiments were conducted to examine the impact of M on lipid peroxidation levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α) in liver tissue. The Western blot method was employed for this analysis. Liver miR-122 expression levels were determined using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the present study investigated the mechanism by which M stops the inflammatory process's crucial NF-κB/MAPK signaling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study suggests that the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway that triggers the radiation-induced inflammatory response is further inhibited by M making radiation therapy effective and safe.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Further research in this area may reveal the underlying mechanisms and pave the way for the development of novel therapies for radiation therapy patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100730"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the antimicrobial and antioxidative potential of Leucas aspera (Willd.) link: Phytochemical screening, molecular docking, and HR-LC/MS profiling against SARS-CoV-2 protein 3CLPro, Spike and RDB","authors":"Thavasiaanatham Seenivasan Shalini ,&nbsp;Ragothaman Prathiviraj ,&nbsp;Poomalai Senthilraja","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Leucas aspera</em> (Willd.) Link, a member of the Lamiaceae family and commonly known as \"Thumbai,\" is found throughout India and has been utilized in traditional Indian medicine to treat various ailments.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study entails methanolic extraction of <em>Leucas aspera</em> (Willd.) Link using a Soxhlet apparatus, followed by phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The <em>L. aspera</em> methanolic leaf extract displayed a phenolic content of 100 µg/ml, consisting of 3.02 mg of gallic acid dry weight equivalents and a flavonoid content of 100 µg/ml with 3.35 mg quercetin equivalents per dry weight. The extract's free radical scavenging capabilities were at 150 µg/ml in DPPH, showing an 87 % effectiveness compared to the standard ascorbic acid 49 % inhibition capacity. The ABTS radical scavenging activity in 100 µg/ml extract measured 64.32 %, phosphomolybdate assay indicated 86.89%, and hydroxide radical scavenging capacity showed 126.72 %. Antibacterial activity was also assessed through agar well diffusion assays against <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and <em>Leucobacter sp</em>., Where <em>K. pneumoniae</em> exhibits the highest zone of inhibition. The methanolic crude extract of <em>L. aspera</em> was further using TLC, FT-IR and HR-LC/MS to identify functional groups and phytocompound present in the extract.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HRLC-MS was used to conduct metabolite profiling of the methanolic crude extract of <em>L. aspera</em> leaves, discovering 37 positive and 43 negative compounds. To evaluate the ADMET properties and predict the drug-likeness of these 80 phytochemicals, an <em>in silico</em> analysis was performed. The results of this analysis revealed that only 19 of the compounds met the ADMET limitations and had suitable Log P values. Molecular docking of the 19 compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (3CL^Pro) protein (PDB ID: 6LU7) and spike protein receptor binding domain (SGp-RBD) protein (PDB ID: 2GHV) revealed Famprofazone and Loxtidine compounds having the highest binding affinity with LibDock scores of 105.53 and 116.70 respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Thus, our findings could serve as potential active molecules of <em>L. aspera</em> against this target protein. This study provides further proof of bioactive compounds produced by the <em>L. aspera</em> leaf extract.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Canarium odontophyllum (Sarawak Olive): A seasonal fruit from Borneo, East Malaysia","authors":"Gilbert Ringgit ,&nbsp;Bo Eng Cheong ,&nbsp;Muhammad Dawood Shah ,&nbsp;Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Canarium species are reported rich of polyphenol, alkaloids, flavones, and saponins compounds. Canarium odontophyllum from Borneo's variety, on the other hand is remaining unclear especially on the antioxidant activity towards radicals.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of C. odontophyllum.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antioxidant properties were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay with different polarity of extraction solvents (methanol, acetone and hexane). The phytochemical composition was determined by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Quadrupole Time of Flight (LCMS-QTOF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Acetone showed the highest scavenging activity in the DPPH (0.0307 mg/ml) and FRAP (3.926 mg/ml) assays, while hexane exhibited the highest activity in the ABTS assay (0.119 mg/ml). The LCMS-QTOF chromatogram identified 22 potential compounds. Among these, the major compounds oleamide (10.49 %) and emmotin A (7.23 %) have previously been reported to exhibit antioxidant activity. Other health-beneficial compounds were also found, such as palmitic amide (2.46 %), deoxymiroestrol (6.23 %), and N-Cyclohexanecarbonylpentadecylamine (48.92 %), which are important in preventing metal corrosion, regulating hormones, and distinguishing between N-palmitoylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NPAA) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results indicate that C. odontophyllum shows a promising potential an alternative drug in pharmaceutical developments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the multifaceted roles of Sonneratia apetala and Nipa fruticans in coastal habitat restoration and bioactive properties discovery","authors":"Sabina Yasmine ,&nbsp;Rezwana Zaman Proma ,&nbsp;Md. Ripaj Uddin ,&nbsp;Mohammad Saydur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Hamedul Islam ,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah Al Mansur ,&nbsp;AHM Shofiul Islam Molla Jamal ,&nbsp;Abu Yousuf ,&nbsp;Md. Hasnain Mustak ,&nbsp;Sarker Kamruzzaman ,&nbsp;M. Mahboob Ali Siddiqi","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Sonneratia apetala</em> and <em>Nipa fruticans</em> are mangrove species, perennial wild plants with significant therapeutic, ecological, and environmental value. They are extensively utilized by the local communities of the Sundarbans and coastal estuaries for various purposes. <em>Aim of the study:</em> This study aims to provide an in-depth review of these plants, relying on secondary data and information.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Compile the secondary data from at least 50 relevant pieces of literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>S. apetala</em> fruits exhibit substantial antioxidant, antimicrobial, analgesic, antidiarrheal, and anti-diabetic properties. Additionally, the bark and leaves offer considerable therapeutic benefits. The plant contains various phytochemicals such as polyphenols include flavonoids, anthocyanins and alkaloids along with carbohydrates, proteins, fiber, minerals (such as Ca, K, Mg, S, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn), and vitamins (including thiamine and riboflavin). Its leaf and fruit extracts show potential for applications in the food industry and green chemistry. The seed extract demonstrates the highest cytotoxic properties (LC₅₀=36 μg/mL) among other parts of the plant, along with antibacterial effects and dose-dependent analgesic and antidiarrheal properties. The leaf and bark extracts exhibit significant antidiabetic potential, with IC₅₀ values of 0.286±0.022 and 0.432±0.01 mg/mL respectively. The seeds are particularly rich in polyphenols (300.1 mg GAE/g), flavonoids (30.6 mg CE/g), anthocyanins (2.3 μmol/g), and vitamin C (4.0 mg/g), showcasing their strong antioxidant properties. The pericarp, though lower in these compounds, still presents significant nutritional value, containing 55.4 mg GAE/g polyphenols and 14.6 mg CE/g flavonoids. Nutritional analysis shows the pericarp's moisture content is 84.2 %, along with high carbohydrates (29.6 %) and proteins (8.8 %), while the seed has 55.6 % moisture and 11.5 % proteins. <em>Nipa fruticans</em> presents lucrative findings, including vinegar production, low-fat biscuits with high nutrient values, bioethanol, among others. Various parts of this plant contain essential elements in significant amounts and only trace amounts of heavy metals, indicating its safety for medicinal purposes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The phytochemical, nutritional, and elemental analyses of these plants highlight its potential health benefits, food value and significance in research. This comprehensive analysis underscores <em>S. apetala's</em> and <em>N. fruticans</em> broad nutritional and phytochemical significance, making it a valuable subject in studies of natural products and human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative proteomics and targeted metabolomics reveal the role of Cassia siamea L. extract in the response to high-fat diet-induced obesity in Drosophila","authors":"Ananya Dechakhamphu ,&nbsp;Nattapong Wongchum ,&nbsp;Theeraphan Chumroenphat ,&nbsp;Alongklod Tanomtong ,&nbsp;Sirithon Siriamornpun","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Cassia siamea</em> L., an angiosperm native to Southeast Asia, has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including antifever, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic applications. Despite its traditional use, limited scientific evidence supports its antiobesity properties.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the antiobesity effects of <em>C. siamea</em> extract (CSE) both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CSE was obtained via extraction from <em>C. siamea</em> wood with 70 % ethanol and its phytochemical content was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). <em>Drosophila</em> was used to examine the effects of supplementation with <em>C. siamea</em> extract on lipase activity, body weight, triglyceride levels, physical strength, survival, and antioxidant activity in <em>Drosophila</em> fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, this study investigated the effects of the extract combined with a high-fat diet on amino acid metabolism and proteomic profiles to clarify its mechanism of action.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Syringic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound in CSE, followed by gallic acid, sinapic acid, protocatechuic acid, cinnamic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. <em>In vitro</em>, CSE significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity (IC₅₀ = 67.73±3.24 µg/mL) in a noncompetitive manner. In a high-fat diet-fed <em>Drosophila</em> model, CSE supplementation (10 mg/mL) reduced lipase activity and triglyceride levels and improved body weight, suggesting antiobesity and potential antidiabetic effects. Additionally, CSE increased survival rates, physical strength, and antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by increased SOD1 activity and resistance to oxidative stress. CSE helped restore disrupted amino acid levels, particularly glutamine, alanine, and proline, indicating improved metabolic regulation. The results of the quantitative proteomics analysis indicate that a high-fat diet (HFD) alters proteins within metabolic pathways, which can be minimized in severity through CSE therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings highlight the potential therapeutic role of CSE in managing obesity and related metabolic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities of extracts of Citrus x aurantium leaves in vitro","authors":"Loulia Al Hawat,&nbsp;Loai Alallan","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was done to estimate the antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities of three extracts of <em>Citrus x aurantium</em> var. amara L. leaves, and to determine the total phenolic and flavonoids contents, as well as to find the relationship between leaves’ chemical (phenolic and flavonoids) content and their biological activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three different extracts were prepared using distilled water, ethanol 70 %, and n-hexane. The Folin-Ciocalteu assay was used to determine the total phenolic content of extracts. The aluminum chloride assay was used to determine the total flavonoids content of extracts. The antioxidant activity of various concentrations of extracts was estimated by measurement of the ability of each extract to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical. Hypolipidemic activity of various concentrations of extracts was estimated by measurement of the bile acid binding capacity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The water extract, which was obtained by decoction, showed the highest phenolic and flavonoids contents (268.948 ± 1.131 mg GAE/g DW and 50.676 ± 0.659 mg QE/g DW, respectively) followed by hydroalcoholic and hexanic extracts (243.732 ± 3.726, 215.870 ± 4.763 mg GAE/g DW, and 43.312 ± 1.506, 41.226 ± 0.967 mg QE/g DW, respectively; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). IC₅₀ values of DPPH scavenging activity were lower in water extract than hydroalcoholic and hexanic extracts (0.324 ± 0.025, 0.403 ± 0.009, and 0.414 ± 0.024 mg/mL, respectively; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). All extracts showed bile acid binding activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.347 ± 0.011, 0.388 ± 0.004, and 0.400 ± 0.011 mg/mL for water, hydroalcoholic, and hexanic extracts, respectively. There were high correlations between each of phenolic and flavonoid content and the biological activities of leaves’ extracts (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The water extract has the highest phenolic and flavonoids contents. <em>Citrus x aurantium</em> leaves’ extracts possess antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities <em>in vitro</em>. Properties observed indicate the usefulness of <em>Citrus x aurantium</em> leaves in managing hyperlipidemia and obesity worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical and pharmacological review of Erica Genus (L.) Ericaceae plants","authors":"Francis Adu-Amankwaah ,&nbsp;Hleziphi V. Mpundu ,&nbsp;Kudakwashe Nyambo ,&nbsp;Paula Strauss ,&nbsp;Kudzanai Ian Tapfuma ,&nbsp;Ndivhuwo Tshililo ,&nbsp;Motunrayo Victoria Badejo ,&nbsp;Lawrence Mabasa ,&nbsp;Vuyo Mavumengwana ,&nbsp;Lucinda Baatjies","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Purpose</h3><div>The <em>Erica</em> genus, part of the <em>Ericaceae</em> family, consists of diverse evergreen shrubs known for their vibrant floral displays and adaptation to nutrient-poor soils. Traditionally, these plants have been used for their pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. Despite their widespread ethnomedicinal use, a comprehensive review of the pharmacological potential of <em>Erica</em> species is still lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design and Methods</h3><div>This review presents an overview of the phytochemical, ethnomedicinal, pharmacological and toxicological properties of <em>Erica</em> species. A systematic literature search was conducted using online databases to identify primary studies on the <em>Erica</em> genus. Keywords such as “<em>Erica</em>,” “antioxidant,” “anti-inflammatory,” “toxicology,” “phytochemistry,” “anticancer,” “antidiabetic,” “antidiuretic,” “pharmacology,” “ethnomedicine” and “cytotoxicity” were employed. The search covered studies published from July 1980 to February 2023. All plant names were verified through \"The Plant List\" (<span><span>http://www.theplantlist.org/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>) and PlantZAfrica (<span><span>https://pza.sanbi.org/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), while chemical structures were confirmed using ChemDraw Ultra and PubChem(<span><span>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). Over 60 bioactive compounds, including myricetin, rutin and luteolin, were identified, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Additionally, traditional uses of <em>Erica</em> plants by indigenous cultures in treating various ailments were documented, highlighting the importance of this genus in ethnomedicine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review provides a comprehensive reference for researchers, offering insights into the therapeutic potential of <em>Erica</em> species and guiding future investigations into their pharmacological benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hesperidoside abolishes dichlorvos-mediated neurotoxicity in rats by suppressing oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and NF-κB-p65/p53/caspase-3-mediated apoptosis","authors":"Adio J. Akamo ,&nbsp;Adetutu O. Ojelabi ,&nbsp;Oluwatobi T. Somade ,&nbsp;Iyabode A. Kehinde ,&nbsp;Adewale M. Taiwo ,&nbsp;Boluwatife A. Olagunju ,&nbsp;Mushafau A. Akinsanya ,&nbsp;Adedayo A. Adebisi ,&nbsp;Tobi S. Adekunbi ,&nbsp;Abiola F. Adenowo ,&nbsp;Florence Anifowose ,&nbsp;Olufemi M. Ajagun-Ogunleye ,&nbsp;Ofem E. Eteng ,&nbsp;Jacob K. Akintunde ,&nbsp;Regina N. Ugbaja","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In third-world countries, poisoning due to dichlorvos (DDVP), an organophosphate insecticide, is prevalent due to its widespread usage in household and agriculture, with the brain bearing the brunt of the consequences. Hence, this study assessed the likely beneficial impact of hesperidoside (HESP) on the DDVP-mediated cerebral dysfunction in rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Randomization was employed to earmark forty-two rats into seven groups: control, DDVP alone (8 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), DDVP plus HESP (50 and 100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹) and reference drug atropine (0.2 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹), and HESP alone (50 and 100 mg.kg⁻¹day⁻¹).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HESP intervention remarkably (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) mitigated DDVP-potentiated augmentations in cerebral concentrations of H₂O₂, NO, and malondialdehyde; impaired DDVP-induced decrease in cerebral GSH, GST, SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and acetylcholinesterase; significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) suppressed DDVP-invoked upregulation of mRNA expression of NF-κB-p65, p53, BAX, caspase-3, and TNF-α; and significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) revoked DDVP-incited downregulation of interleukin-10.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HESP chemotherapeutic interventions enhanced cerebral functions in DDVP-treated rats by abrogating oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and NF-κB-p65/p53/caspases-3 signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative reducing and carbohydrate enzyme inhibitory activities of the root, leaf, and seed of Picralima nitida","authors":"Erwin Osiele Onyekachukwu ,&nbsp;Aishat Mary Osagie ,&nbsp;Sylvia Oghogho Omage ,&nbsp;Kingsley Omage ,&nbsp;Marshall Arebojie Azeke","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The ethnomedicinal uses of <em>Picralima nitida</em> is partly due to its antidiabetic properties.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>In this study, the antioxidant and total reducing power, as well as the carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes’ inhibition potentials of the root, leaf, and seed of <em>P. nitida</em> were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The antioxidant reducing power of <em>P. nitida</em> as well <em>as</em> its ability to inhibit selected enzymes of carbohydrate hydrolysis were evaluated using standard experimental methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Methanol extract of <em>P. nitida</em> leaves exhibited the strongest reducing power (653.52 mgASC/g) followed by the seed extract (620.11 mgASC/g). The free radical scavenging powers of the extracts were concentration dependent. <em>P. nitida</em> seed extract exhibited the highest scavenging ability (IC₅₀ = 190.7 µg/ml) as compared to the root extract (IC₅₀ = 470.40 µg/ml) and leaf extract (IC₅₀ = 560.65 µg/ml). However, the seed extract had the highest ABTS radical scavenging ability (IC₅₀ = 174.02 ± 0.75 µg/ml) in comparison with the root extract (IC₅₀ = 181.83 ± 1.01 µg/ml) and leaf extract (IC₅₀ = 279.87 ± 1.39 µg/ml). Alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory properties of the extracts increased steadily with increasing concentration, as that of glibenclamide. The methanolic extract of <em>P. nitida</em> seed had the highest inhibitory activity (95.70 %) as compared to that of the root (92.39 %) and leaf (83.58 %) extracts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>P. nitida</em> show strong reducing as well as enzyme inhibitory properties which are concentration dependent and compares favourably with glibenclamide. Comparatively, the methanolic extract of the leaf of <em>P. nitida</em> exhibited the highest reducing power and inhibition of α-amylase, while the methanolic seed extract exhibited the highest ability to fight free radicals and inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening Southeast Asian medicinal plants: Clausena lansium, Leea indica, Strobilanthes crispa, Vitex trifolia for anti-platelet aggregation and blood coagulation effects","authors":"Sogand Zareisedehizadeh ,&nbsp;Fu-Xun Heng ,&nbsp;Chay-Hoon Tan ,&nbsp;Paul Chi-Lui Ho ,&nbsp;Hwee-Ling Koh","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2024.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Southeast Asian traditional medicine has long utilized herbs for promoting blood flow and dissolving clots. Four plants - <em>Clausena lansium, Leea indica, Strobilanthes crisp</em>a, and <em>Vitex trifolia</em> - have been identified for their potential effects on blood circulation based on traditional use and literature. While these plants exhibit various pharmacological activities, their specific impacts on platelet aggregation and coagulation remain unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities of extracts from <em>Clausena lansium, Leea indica, Strobilanthes crispa</em>, and <em>Vitex trifolia</em>, bridging traditional medicine with modern research to potentially uncover novel approaches for managing thrombotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Aqueous, 70 % ethanolic, and 70 % methanolic extracts were prepared from fresh leaves. Platelet aggregation was analyzed using collagen-induced aggregation in human whole blood. Anticoagulant activities were evaluated by determining the effects on prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All <em>Leea indica</em> extracts and the 70 % ethanolic <em>Vitex trifolia</em> extract significantly inhibited platelet aggregation. <em>Clausena lansium</em> extracts promoted platelet aggregation. All extracts prolonged PT and aPTT, with <em>Leea indica</em> and <em>Strobilanthes crispa</em> being most potent. Liquid chromatography and time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-ToF-MS) analysis of <em>Leea indica</em> revealed gallic acid, methyl gallate, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, and other polyphenolic compounds. These compounds, particularly kaempferol, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, and β-sitosterol, contribute to <em>Leea</em> indica's potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of platelet activation and various coagulation factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings support the traditional use of <em>Leea indica, Strobilanthes crispa</em>, and <em>Vitex trifolia</em> for improving blood circulation and inhibiting clotting. <em>Leea indica</em> demonstrated remarkable antiplatelet and anticoagulant activities, highlighting its potential in preventing pathological thrombus formation and related cardiovascular disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}